CN100511179C - Enhancement type microprocessor piece on-chip dynamic state tracking method with special function register breakpoints - Google Patents
Enhancement type microprocessor piece on-chip dynamic state tracking method with special function register breakpoints Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a dynamic tracing method on the strengthening type card of a register breakpoint with particular function. The invention can set a certain positions or a register with particular functions to be breakpoints during the procedure executing process by unattached debugs module with SFR breakpoint function which is arranged on a strengthening type piece and is integrated in a microprocessor, then traces, records and outputs the information of the inside register at the breakpoints in real-time. The invention realizes to switch the debugging mode and the normal running mode though adding debugging signal. The method of the invention can be applied in the 8051 serials microprocessor field and also can be applied in other microprocessor fields.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of with dynamic tracking method on the enhancement type microprocessor sheet of special function register breakpoint, support online debug function, comprise single-step debug, the setting and the detection of address breakpoint and SFR special function register breakpoint, and the checking and modification etc. of microprocessor internal register.Can be applicable to the chip microprocessor of 8051 series, also can be applicable to other microprocessors, field of microprocessors.
Background technology
Dynamic tracking (Dynamic Trace) is meant the trace information of logging program operation in real time, and these information are sent to the process that outside debugging acid is analyzed and debugged by certain means.In equipment such as most logic analyser and in-circuit emulator, all be useful on the tracking unit of dynamic tracking processor running orbit, be used for monitoring the various internal informations of processor, like this debugging person just easily trace routine carry out flow process, search program mistake, reconfiguration program running orbit etc.
Motorola Inc. recognizes this development trend of OCD technology the earliest, and takes the lead in having created the BDM debugging interface on 683xx and 68HC16 processor.And MIPS, Intel, IBM and ARM etc. have realized the serial debugging interface based on the JTAG standard.Although the two falls far short BDM and JTAG debugging interface on the details that realizes, from user's angle, they provide similar debug function.Because JTAG is the international standard of IEEE, current most CPU manufacturer all realizes debug logic on the sheet of processor with it.Go up the realization that debugging technique depends on ad hoc structure for existing, bigger to the processor core change, need take more resource, it is convenient inadequately to implement; Existing last debugging technique generally can only be realized debug functioies such as program address breakpoint and single step execution simultaneously, and special function register (SFR-special functionregister) is the important component part of microprocessor, in microprocessor, play an important role, the running status of understanding special function register in real time is very important for the user, so realize that the SFR breakpoint is very necessary.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide dynamic tracking method on a kind of sheet of the enhancement type microprocessor with special function register breakpoint function.Raise die trial piece (Enhanced OCD module with SFR Breakpoint Function:E-OCD-SFR-B) by an enhancing matrix that independently has special function register breakpoint function that is integrated in microprocessor internal, debugging person is concerned about in can program process some positions or special function register are set to breakpoint (breakpoint), and the information of these positions followed the tracks of, writes down and output in real time, to realize the purpose of dynamic tracking.And whole process do not need special trace buffer unit, only needs a spot of register just can satisfy the temporary requirement of data.And by adding the switching of external debug enable signal realization debugging and normal operating condition.
For achieving the above object, design of the present invention is as follows: make up an enhancing matrix that has special function register breakpoint function that is integrated in processor inside and raise die trial piece (Enhanced OCD module with SFR BreakpointFunction:E-OCD-SFR-B), by this module some position or special function register in the program process are labeled as observation point.E-OCD-SFR-B can realize freely switching of debugging mode and normal mode of operation by the setting of outside debugging enable signal DBG_en.Debugging enable signal DBG_en keeps low level, normally under mode of operation, and the work of E-OCD-SFR-B nonintervention processor; Debugging enable signal DBG_en becomes high level, allows to debug, and debugging mode can be divided into address comparison pattern and special function register breakpoint pattern again.1) address comparison pattern: in the process that program is carried out, the address of every instruction and breakpoint register (breakpoint register) value compared detect observation point.If there is observation point to be detected, then output meets signal to the clock module, system clock (clk) suspends, thereby reach the purpose of suspending the microprocessor operation, debugging clock (DBG_clk) brings into operation, and the information that will preestablish the internal register that chooses this moment outputs among the output register desired_SFR of appointment.If data output finishes, it is low level that the external debug enable signal then is set, the execution of recovery routine.2) special function register breakpoint pattern: select specific special function register, in the program operation process, value in this special function register and breakpoint register value are compared.If there is observation point to be detected, then output meets signal to the clock module, system clock (clk) suspends, thereby reach the purpose of suspending the microprocessor operation, debugging clock (DBG_clk) brings into operation, and the information that will preestablish the internal register that chooses this moment outputs in the output register (desired_SFR) of appointment.
If data output finishes, it is low level that the external debug enable signal then is set, the execution of recovery routine.
According to above-mentioned design, the present invention adopts following technical proposals:
Strengthen matrix and raise method for testing, when it is characterized in that realizing single step execution, the address break point debugging function on the general sheet, add special function register breakpoint function, realize the complete controllability and the observability of special function register, therefore debugging mode is divided into two kinds of address comparison pattern and special function register breakpoint pattern, its concrete steps are:
A. set a debug command register DBG_command, be used to produce the required order of debugging, the initial sum mode of control debugging.
Selecting breakpoint pattern in debug command register DBG_command is address comparison pattern or special function register breakpoint pattern, need to select the special function register of output.If select the address comparison pattern, can set the address that breakpoint is current address or breakpoint register appointment; If select the special function register breakpoint pattern, also need set and select which special function register as breakpoint;
B. in the breakpoint register breakpoint register value of writing.
C. if select the address comparison pattern, programmable counter pointer PC is compared with default breakpoint register value, equal then stop the operation of microprocessor, and the value of default special function register outputed to export SFR register desired_SFR;
D. if select the special function register breakpoint pattern, selected special function register value and the breakpoint register value of presetting are compared, if the identical operation that then stops microprocessor, and the value of default special function register outputed to output special function register desired_SFR;
E. to enable the DBG_en signal be that high level starts the dynamic tracking process by outside debugging is set, and satisfies that condition being set, and enters debugging mode, at this moment only needs a debugging to enable the DBG_en signal and be set to low level and just can return to original normal operating condition.
The method of an above-mentioned debug command register of setting DBG_command is:
Definition DBG_command is one 8 a register, and it is used to store the binary coding of debug command, and the debug command that receives is decoded as control signal corresponding.
The form of DBG_command is seen Figure of description table 1.Wherein, other binary codings of not using among the DBG_command temporarily keep, and can expand afterwards.
SFR_output_select---selecting to enter needs the special function register exported behind the debugging mode.
Here three have been set, so can in 8 special function registers, select; Select form shown in Figure of description table 2.
SFR_select---under the special function register breakpoint pattern, select which special function register relatively as breakpoint.
Here defined two,, selected form shown in Figure of description table 3 so can in 4 special function registers, select.
PC_break---with high two bit multiplexs of SFR_output_select,, select the address of breakpoint, select form shown in Figure of description table 4 at the address comparison pattern.
Single_step---single step run zone bit.
Mode---breakpoint pattern selection marker position.0 is the address comparison pattern; 1 is the special function register breakpoint pattern
Under the special function register breakpoint pattern, the model selection position need be set, as breakpoint special function register relatively and the special function register that needs output.
Start---debugging opening flag position.In this position 1, show the debugging beginning.
The method that above-mentioned setting is provided with breakpoint register (breakpoint_register) value is:
A pre-defined special function register that is not defined is defined as breakpoint register with it, the break value of setting is write this breakpoint register get final product.
According to circumstances carry out the dynamic tracking operation in the above-mentioned process of on sheet, debugging and have following two kinds:
A) first kind is the address breakpoint pattern, being about to program pointer PC compares with the breakpoint register value of presetting, if equate, trigger breakpoint condition, output meets signal and gives clock generating module, stops the clock operation of microprocessor core, debugs clock simultaneously and starts working, the value of the special function register that needs are observed outputs to output register, waits for next step processing.
B) second kind is the special function register breakpoint pattern, being about to selected special function register value compares with the breakpoint register value of presetting, if equate, trigger breakpoint condition, output meets signal and gives clock generating module, stops the clock operation of microprocessor core, debugs clock simultaneously and starts working, the value of the special function register that needs are observed outputs to output register, waits for next step processing.
According to circumstances carrying out the method for operating that debugging mode and normal operation mode freely switch in the above-mentioned process of debugging on sheet is:
For freely switching of two kinds of working methods of convenient realization, add debugging and enabling the DBG_en signal.
A) enter debugging mode from normal operation mode: it is high level that the DBG_en signal must be set, otherwise debug command register DBG_command is inoperative;
B) return to normal operation mode from debugging mode: only the DBG_en signal need be set is low level, just can recover the normal operation of microprocessor easily.
The present invention compared with prior art, have following conspicuous outstanding substantive distinguishing features and remarkable advantage: the present invention by one be integrated in microprocessor internal independently raise the die trial piece with the enhancing matrix of special function register breakpoint function, some position and special function register in the program process are set to breakpoint, then the information of the internal register at these breakpoint places is followed the tracks of, record and output in real time are to realize the purpose of dynamic tracking.And realize the switching of debugging mode and normal mode of operation by adding the debugging enable signal.The whole process of the present invention does not need special trace buffer unit, only needs a spot of register just can satisfy the temporary requirement of data.The present invention is applicable to 8051 series microprocessors, and is applicable to other field of microprocessors.
Description of drawings:
Fig. 1 is that the enhancing matrix that has special function register breakpoint function raises the workflow diagram that tries.
Fig. 2 is the inner structure synoptic diagram of breakpoint module.
Fig. 3 is a clock generating module.
Embodiment
Details are as follows in conjunction with the accompanying drawings for a preferred embodiment of the present invention:
Dynamic tracking method on the sheet of this microprocessor, raise die trial piece (Enhanced OCD module with SFR Breakpoint Function:E-OCD-SFR-B) by an enhancing matrix that has a special function register breakpoint function, adopt following workflow (see figure 1) to realize dynamic tracking the processor operational process:
If a) keeping debugging enable signal DBG_en is low level, then debug command this moment register DBG_command is inoperative, and microprocessor normally moves.If debug, it is high level that debugging enable signal DBG_e is set.
B) write initial value to debug command register (DBG_command), the debug command register format illustrates shown in accompanying drawing table 1.Among the design, at first defined debugging opening flag position start, if, show the beginning of debugging to this mark position 1.The reason of setting the opening flag position is: if this debugging opening flag position not, because the default value of debug registers (breakpoint_register) is complete 0, in case the debugging enable signal becomes high level, if this moment, PC or selected special function register value were 0, then trigger breakpoint condition, so just bring the breakpoint of non-anticipation, reduced the correctness of debugging unit on this sheet.Among the design, selection (SFR_select) for the special function register breakpoint has defined two, can select the totalizer that is set to use always (ACC-Accumulator), storehouse (SP-Stack Point), state (PSW-ProgramStatusWord), P0 (port0) to 4 special function registers here.Selection for the output special function register has defined three, can from 8 special function registers, export selection, the storehouse (SP-Stack Point) that is set to use always, totalizer (Acc-Accumulator), status register (PSW-ProgramStatusWord), B-register, P0 (port0), P1 (port1), P2 (port2), P3 (port3) here.Breakpoint pattern is selected in model selection position (mode), puts and selects the address breakpoint pattern at 0 o'clock, puts and selects the special function register breakpoint pattern at 1 o'clock.Among the design,, be used for carrying out address selection position (PC_break) as breakpoint at the address comparison pattern with high two bit multiplexs of debug command register DBG_command.PC_break equals 01, and the selection current PC is a breakpoint, and the advantage of this pattern can freely select any interested position that breakpoint is set exactly in program, relatively is adapted at the user that the operation of program is not quite understood; PC_break equals 10, and the PC that selects appointment is as breakpoint, and when this specific address was arrived in program run, breakpoint condition just triggered, and enters the debug phase.
C) the value write break point register (breakpoint_register) that will be scheduled to as shown in Figure 2, waits to be compared; Breakpoint register is difference because of the different choice of breakpoint pattern, if selecting is the current address comparison pattern of address comparison pattern, then be that current address and breakpoint register are compared at this moment on the principle, in fact both are identical, get final product so signal (match) is satisfied in direct triggering; If select the assigned address comparison pattern of address comparison pattern, promptly option program counter (PC) and breakpoint register value compare, and this moment, breakpoint register was 16bit; If the special function register breakpoint pattern selects special function register and breakpoint register value to compare, this moment, breakpoint register was 8bit.
D) debugging enables being provided with of DBG_en signal and can realize freely switching of debugging mode and normal mode of operation.If enabling the DBG_en signal, debugging keeps low level, then microprocessor operate as normal.To debug enable signal DBG_en and be changed to high level, allow to carry out breakpoint relatively.
E) comparer among Fig. 2 (compare) compares the value of breakpoint register and address or selected special function register value.The structure of comparer is one group of NOR gate circuit, if if two groups of signals are identical, then breakpoint condition satisfies, and meets signal (match) and becomes high level, and this signal is outputed to clock generating module; The current address pattern that compares in the address without comparer, is directly exported the match signal;
F) clock signal is the basis of microprocessor operation, thus debug on the sheet topmost be exactly the controllability that realizes clock signal.As seen clock generating module among Fig. 3 if the match signal is low level, shows that then breakpoint condition does not satisfy at this moment, system clock (clk) with the match signal mutually or after, operate as normal still; If the match signal is a high level, then show that breakpoint condition triggers, and enters debugging mode this moment, need to suspend the operation of microprocessor, match Signals ﹠ Systems clock signal mutually or after, it is high level all the time that the output clock becomes, the operation of microprocessor stops.
G) after triggering breakpoint condition, the signal that needs are observed can be outputed to output register (desired_SFR), because this moment, system clock was out of service, so need add debugging clock (DBG_clk) in clock generating module, under the effect of debugging clock signal, the signal value that needs are observed is exported.So just inner special function register is accomplished observability completely, realized the original intention of debugging on the sheet.Advantage is not need to add extra external dedicated circuit just can realize controllability and observability to microprocessor operation and special function register.
H) when needs when debugging mode returns to normal operating condition again, only need debug enable signal DBG_en is set to low level, and DBG_en is a low level, and then debug command register DBG_command value is complete 0, the debug command register is invalid this moment, and program recovery is carried out.
Above-mentioned debug command register DBG_command form is as shown in table 1, and special function register output selects form as shown in table 2, and special function register Cut Selection form is as shown in table 3, and address breakpoint form is as shown in table 4.
Table 1
| Bit7 | Bit6 | Bit5 | Bit4 | Bit3 | Bit2 | Bit1 | Bit0 |
| SFR_ output_ select.2 or PC_break.1 | SFR_ output_ select.1 or PC_break.0 | SFR_ output_ select.0 | SFR_ select.1 | SFR_ select.0 | Single _step | mode | start |
| R/W | R/W | R/W | R/W | R/W | R/W | R/W | R/ |
| 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Table 2
| SFR_output_select | Code | Explanation |
| 000 | desired_SFR<＝SP； | Select storehouse to be output |
| 001 | desired_SFR<＝acc； | The output of selection totalizer |
| 010 | desired_SFR<＝PSW； | The output of selection mode register |
| 011 | desired_SFR<＝B； | The output of selection B-register |
| 100 | desired_SFR<＝p0； | Select the output of p0 mouth |
| 101 | desired_SFR<＝p1； | Select the output of p1 mouth |
| 110 | desired_SFR<＝p2； | Select the output of p2 mouth |
| 111 | desired_SFR<＝p2； | Select the output of p3 mouth |
Table 3
| SFR_select | Code | Explanation |
| 00 | DBG_data_in<＝acc | The selection accumulator value is a breakpoint |
| 01 | DBG_data_in<＝SP； | The selection stack value is a breakpoint |
| 10 | DBG_data_in<＝PSW； | The selection mode register value is a breakpoint |
| 11 | DBG_data_in<＝p0； | Selecting p0 mouth value is breakpoint |
Table 4
| PC_break | Explanation |
| 01 | Selecting the present procedure address is breakpoint |
| 10 | Select the interior value of breakpoint register as breakpoint |
Claims (6)
1. one kind with dynamic tracking method on the enhancement type microprocessor sheet of special function register breakpoint, it is characterized in that: by one be integrated in microprocessor internal independently raise the die trial piece with the enhancing matrix of special function register breakpoint function, some location procedure address or some special function register in the program process are set to observation point, then these given viewpoint specified message are followed the tracks of, are write down and real-time output; Its concrete steps are:
A. set a debug command register DBG_command, be used to produce the required order of debugging, the initial sum mode of control debugging;
Selecting breakpoint pattern in debug command register DBG_command is address comparison pattern or special function register breakpoint pattern, need to select the special function register of output; If select the address comparison pattern, can set the address that breakpoint is current address or breakpoint register appointment; If select the special function register breakpoint pattern, also need set and select which special function register as breakpoint;
B. in the breakpoint register breakpoint register value of writing;
C. if select the address comparison pattern, programmable counter pointer PC is compared with default breakpoint register value, equal then stop the operation of microprocessor, and the value of default special function register outputed to export special function register desired_SFR;
D. if select the special function register breakpoint pattern, selected value and the breakpoint register value of presetting are compared, if the identical operation that then stops microprocessor, and the value of default special function register outputed to output special function register desired_SFR;
E. to enable the DBG_en signal be that high level starts the dynamic tracking process by outside debugging is set, and satisfies that condition being set, and enters debugging mode, at this moment only needs a debugging to enable the DBG_en signal and be set to low level and just can return to original normal operating condition.
2. dynamic tracking method on the enhancement type microprocessor sheet of band special function register breakpoint according to claim 1, the method that it is characterized in that being provided with among the described step a debug command register DBG_command of debugging module is: definition DBG_command is one 8 a register, it is used to store the binary coding of the debug command that debugging acid sends, and the debug command that receives is decoded as control signal corresponding; Set DBG_command according to different working methods: if be operated in the address comparison pattern, mode selects a mode to put 0; Address selection position PC_break equals 01 o'clock selection current address, equals to select the address of appointment at 10 o'clock; Debugging opening flag position start puts debugging beginning in 1 o'clock, and debugging finishes during zero setting; If be operated in the special function register breakpoint pattern, mode selects a mode to put 1; The selection position SFR_output_ of output special function register has defined 3, can select in 8 different special function registers; Special function register Cut Selection position SFR_select has defined two, can which select as breakpoint in 4 different special function registers; Single step run sign single_step put 1 o'clock, single step run.
3. dynamic tracking method on the enhancement type microprocessor sheet of band special function register breakpoint according to claim 1, the method to set up that it is characterized in that the breakpoint register among the described step b is: if working mode selection is the address comparison pattern, then Ci Shi breakpoint register is 16bit, if working method is chosen to be the special function register breakpoint pattern, then breakpoint register is 8bit.
4. dynamic tracking method on the sheet of the enhancement type microprocessor of band special function register breakpoint according to claim 1, the method that it is characterized in that the address comparison pattern among the described step c is: microprocessor moves according to program address pointer PC, so address pattern relatively is exactly that the value of PC and the value of breakpoint register are compared, when PC runs to specific address, promptly be worth when identical with breakpoint register, output meets signal to the clock module, suspend the operation of microprocessor, debugging clock simultaneously starts working, under the debugging clock, required special function register value of watching is outputed to output register desired_SFR.
5. dynamic tracking method on the sheet of the enhancement type microprocessor of band special function register breakpoint according to claim 1, the method that it is characterized in that the special function register breakpoint pattern work in the described steps d is: at first, the special function register that need be set to breakpoint is set in the DBG_command register; Because in the DBG_command register, defined two selections that are used for the breakpoint special function register, so can in 4 special function registers commonly used, select altogether; After selecting the breakpoint special function register, if value and the breakpoint register in the selected special function register compared, if equate, then trigger breakpoint condition, output meets signal to the clock module, and the microprocessor operation suspension enters debugging mode; Debugging clock simultaneously starts working; Under the debugging clock, required special function register value of watching is outputed to output register desired_SFR.
6. dynamic tracking method on the sheet of the enhancement type microprocessor of band special function register breakpoint according to claim 1, it is characterized in that the method that debugging mode among the described step e and normal operation mode switch is: under the normal mode, microprocessor normally moves, if finish following work, then enter debugging mode; At first, set debugging and enable the DBG-en signal, if debugging this moment enables the DBG-en signal value and is set at " 1 ", then enter debugging mode, this moment is again to the specific value of debug command register DBG_command input, the debugging beginning when little processing runs to specific trigger condition, is then debugged processing accordingly during debugging opening flag position 1 among this moment debug command register DBG_command; Return to normal operating condition from debugging mode, only need that debugging is enabled the DBG-en signal and be changed to low level and get final product.
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| CN103716028A (en) * | 2012-09-28 | 2014-04-09 | 中国航空工业集团公司第六三一研究所 | Switch switching debugging/non debugging mode and power on and off state circuit and method |
| CN104239201B (en) * | 2013-06-20 | 2018-08-24 | 上海博达数据通信有限公司 | Memory read-write monitoring method in a kind of soft single step system |
| CN106021041B (en) * | 2016-04-29 | 2020-01-03 | 中国科学技术大学 | Multi-cycle non-pipeline CPU debugging method based on finite state machine |
| CN107436842A (en) * | 2016-05-25 | 2017-12-05 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | A kind of microcode adjustment method and veneer |
| CN106095631B (en) * | 2016-06-03 | 2020-01-03 | 中国科学技术大学 | Multi-cycle non-pipeline CPU dynamic debugging method based on finite state machine |
| CN107015846B (en) * | 2017-04-14 | 2020-08-14 | 直觉***科技（昆山）有限公司 | Simulation method and device for realizing eukaryon simulation of processor |
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