CN100493339C

CN100493339C - Farmland discharging-irrigating series facilities

Info

Publication number: CN100493339C
Application number: CNB2007100672117A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 奕永庆
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2007-02-03
Filing date: 2007-02-03
Publication date: 2009-06-03
Anticipated expiration: 2027-02-03
Also published as: CN101011017A

Abstract

The invention relates to field irrigation and drainage equipment, which comprises a laminated rectangle groove, hollow block assembled Z-shaped drainage groove, a single-edge drainage hidden tube, porous plate trapeze channels, rectangle channels, bidirectional underground irrigation tube, while said seven modes can be selected according to real condition. The invention is characterized in that the laminated drainage groove is communicated with upper, middle and lower drainage tubes at two side walls, while the walls are connected with the gasket layer to form trapeze drainage groove assembled by porous preformed plates; the end of upper drainage tube is arranged with a drainage door; the end of middle drainage tube is arranged with a plug and the plug base is assembled from on-site concrete and the plug; the lower drainage tube is plastic tube, while the opening can avoid being blocked. The invention can be used to irrigate and drain the field.

Description

Farmland discharging-irrigating series facilities

Technical field

The present invention relates to the rural water conservancy field, be suitable for the new facility of area of heavy rainfull agricultural drain and irrigation.

Technical background

Irrigation and draining are the cores of irrigation and water conservancy, and irrigation canal and drain ditch are the most basic facilities of agricultural production as people's artery and vein.Because historical reasons, the earth channel is continued to use in the farmland, and seepage and alluvial are serious, and both waste water resource was made near-earth (head works) again and poured water too much, far poured water very little, and water resource is not fully utilized.Same because historical reasons, most of agricultural drain trench depth not enough (about 0.3 meter) only can be discharged surface water and can not arranged underground water, more having partly, there are the nothing of filling row (no drain ditch), subterranean water level height, water content height in the soil in the farmland, influence the air exchange between soil and the atmosphere, O in the soil ₂Deficiency, temperature reduces by 0.5～3 ℃, and the reduction noxious material increases, and causes crop failure.South often weather alternately occurs, and annual rainfall is more than 100 days, because the irrigation and drainage facility falls behind, arid and waterlogging stain are the main factors that causes middle-and-low-yielding fields.Last century, the eighties once had the channel with common brick lining cutting, cement plaster, but not welcome by the peasant owing to easy freezing peeling off.Also there was cast-in-place propelled type channel machine the early 1990s, but because soils in south china water content height, the channel foundation deformation is big, the difficult quality control of cast-in-place channel, thereby establish to promote and open.For the ditch that begins to rehearse, lowering of watertable is eliminated the stain evil and is not then also caused people's attention.The seventies water conservancy, agricultural sector just propose " the road comprehensive regulation of scenery with hills and waters Tianlin County ", but are limited to economic condition at that time, do not realize as scheduled.Modern agriculture is the top priority of new countryside construction, and advanced agricultural water conservancy facility then is the basis of modern agriculture, so we have carried out agricultural drain, have irrigated the problem that new facility is classified research and development as.

Summary of the invention

The present invention is directed to the problem of above-mentioned existence, purpose is to provide farmland discharging-irrigating series facilities to this area, makes its solution drain ditch shallow, and subterranean water level is difficult to reduce the technical problem that the channel foundation deformation is big.The present invention seeks to be achieved through the following technical solutions.

A kind of farmland discharging-irrigating series facilities, this facility comprises draining zanjon, closed drain and anti-seepage channel, be provided with layer-stepping drain ditch, rectangular channel---hollow block combined type drain ditch, Z type member drainage ditch, unilateral closed drain, porous plate trapezoidal channel, rectangular channel channel, seven kinds of designs of reversible subsurface irrigation pipeline, select for use by different terrain, soil property and water condition; Its main points are that the layer-stepping drain ditch is first kind of design (see figure 1), promptly are communicated with drainpipe, middle drainpipe, following drainpipe in the furrow bank both sides in drain ditch, and furrow bank connects with bed course, forms the trapezoidal drain ditch of porous preforming plate lining cutting; The pipe end of last drainpipe is provided with the draining flap valve; Middle end of middle drainage tube is provided with chock plug, and obturating plug cast-in-place concrete and chock plug combine; Following drainpipe is a plastic tube, and filter material is established in case mud stops up in the aperture.

Described rectangular channel---hollow block combined type drain ditch is second kind of design (see figure 2), is formed by stacking by rectangle canal and two prefabricated components of hollow block, and lid mouthful cast-in-situ steel reinforced concrete, prefabricated component joins together; The gool two ends respectively are respectively equipped with bell and spigot.0.4 meter, 0.5 meter two kinds of width of rectangular, the degree of depth has 0.7 meter, 0.8 meter two kinds, its feature one is to save than trapezoidal channel to take up an area of, the 2nd, not dark relatively, be applicable to low-lying irrigated area, the 3rd, slot length is 1 meter, 2 meters of hollow block lengths, globality is better, adopts at foundation very hag side more to demonstrate superiority.Fig. 2 middle cover mouth 13 is 0.1 * 0.2 meter cast-in-situ steel reinforced concrete, and so that prefabricated component is joined together, precast concrete block 14 is provided with two macropores with saving material, weight reduction, but does not influence intensity.Effect is a retaining soil, stops earth to fall into groove, 2 meters of every block lengths, and rectangular channel top width 6cm, and the thick 20cm of hollow block, the hollow block center of gravity is positioned at outside, groove top, goes all out in the outer earth of moment opposing ditch that center of gravity produces, and reaches equilibrium of forces, bears the effect of retaining soil.Rectangular channel 15 armored concrete, for channel and drain ditch dual-purpose.Specifically be configured among Fig. 6 and introduce, the groove two ends respectively are respectively equipped with bell and spigot, stay 2～3cm at interval during laying between the bell and spigot, fill with non-fine concrete, to allow the underground water wash rice go out.

Described Z type member drainage ditch is the third design (see figure 3), prefabricated Z bar reinforced concrete member lining cutting earlier, its ditch shoulder is the top of Z-shaped member, and ditch shoulder triangle is filled out triangular concrete at the ditch shoulder with the knuckle place that furrow bank forms, and furrow bank is the main body of Z-shaped member; Bed course is laid by pool slag and is formed, and the spike triangle is filled out the triangular concrete effect at furrow bank and spike formation knuckle place the same.Spike is Z-shaped member " footing ", neither sinks and does not slide to support furrow bank.Bottom of trench does not have husky concrete, prevents erosion, again fixing furrow bank spike.Prefabricated Z bar reinforced concrete member lining cutting, 1.5 meters of the degree of depth, mouth is wide 3～9 meters.Be suitable for the big retaining ditch of width, the double as drain ditch.

Described unilateral closed drain is the 4th a kind of design (see figure 4), and this closed drain is the subsoil drain that combines with wide paths for tractors in the countryside, and cross over pipe is laid and is inclination, be communicated with right left inspection shaft, right inspection shaft compiles the water on the right, road, and post precipitation enters cross over pipe, enters water pipe in left inspection shaft; Right left inspection shaft both sides connect water inlet plug down, clog when planting paddy rice, open when planting dry crop; The upward water inlet flap valve that right left inspection shaft both sides connect is used to arrange surface water.This scheme saving is ploughed, and pipeline and is for easy to maintenance in the outside, road not below the road centre, so the title unilateral.Among Fig. 4 left and right inspection shaft by common brick build by laying bricks or stones, cement plaster, the shaft bottom is lower than 0.3～0.5 meter of the mouth of pipe, is convenient to earth precipitation.Inspection shaft is located at the both sides on road, 20～30 meters at interval.Drainpipe plain concrete pipe, 500～600 millimeters of diameters, long 1 meter～1.5 meters of every joint, flat mouthful section header, wrap up with geotextiles the outside, allows the water infiltration and stop soil to enter.Inspection shaft lid adopts reinforced concrete prefabricated, cautioning against stealing, and thick 0.1 meter, heavy in case at will remove, influence pedestrains safety.

Described porous plate trapezoidal channel is the 5th a kind of design (see figure 5), and this channel is sidelong by porous plate and is formed, and bed course 32 is that pool slag or rubble are laid among Fig. 5.It at the bottom of the canal pea gravel concreten.The anchor block series concrete both had been fixing wallboard, was again joint between plate.The canal wallboard is a porous plate, and is wide 0.5 meter, and long 3.3～4.0 meters, thick 0.12 meter, there are five holes the centre, is located at the both sides of anchor block and channel, adopts porous plate, structure, and its strength and stiffness are than thin plate height.Short tube is plain concrete pipe or plastic tube, lays to be and tilts to penetrate the canal wallboard, and flap valve is the cock of water drain of channel, and the end of short tube is provided with flap valve.

Described rectangular channel channel is the 6th a kind of design (see figure 6), is connected with the canal foot mat by prefabricated rectangle cell body to form, and a side of rectangular channel channel is laid short tube, and the end face of short tube is provided with flap valve.The steady body of rectangular channel channel canal body need not water anchor block, and floor space is less.Flap valve is a cock of water drain, one in every field, about 20 meters of spacings.The short tube water receiving is gone into the field.Canal shoulder triangle 41 improves stress condition, increases canal shoulder intensity.Triangle 42 improves channel base angle stress condition at the bottom of the canal, increases canal body intensity.Canal is takeed on the twice that 43 width are the canal wall, to increase canal mouth intensity.Reinforcing bar 44 increases cell body intensity.Channel cell body 45 is a high-grade concrete, long 1 meter of every joint, and two ends are respectively bell and spigot, stay 2～3cm gap during connection, tamp with antiseep with pea gravel concreten.

Described reversible subsurface irrigation pipeline is the 7th a kind of design (see figure 7), place the cross over pipe under the wide paths for tractors in the countryside to be communicated with left stiling basin, stiling basin, right stiling basin, be connected two-way valve, three-way pipe between left stiling basin and middle stiling basin, three-way pipe connects underground piping.Underground piping had not only been saved the arable land, but also had been convenient to agricultural mechanical operation.Piping laying in road outside so that maintenance.Underground piping is adopted Steel Thin-Wall silk screen pipe of cement among Fig. 7, and bell and spigot connects, the seal with elastometic washer of O type.Threeway also is the Steel Thin-Wall wire mesh tube.The water that left side stiling basin will come out from valve is delivered to the field after the power that disappears.Two-way valve supplies water to both direction respectively, and regulates flow.Middle stiling basin flows to right stiling basin from the water that valve comes out from this back warp cross over pipe.Cross over pipe is delivered to road another side farmland to water with plain concrete pipe or plastic tube.Wide paths for tractors in the countryside; Right stiling basin acts on identical with left stiling basin.

The invention solves the big technical problem of channel foundation deformation.Seven kinds of designs are feasible by different location, water source situation laying affirmation, are suitable for area of heavy rainfull agricultural drain and irrigation.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 draining zanjon cross section structure schematic diagram.

Fig. 2 is a rectangular channel---hollow block combined type drain ditch cross section structure schematic diagram.

Fig. 3 is a Z type member drainage ditch cross section structure schematic diagram.

Fig. 4 is a unilateral closed drain cross section structure schematic diagram.

Fig. 5 is a porous plate trapezoidal channel cross section structure schematic diagram.

Fig. 6 is a rectangular channel canal section structural representation.

Fig. 7 is a reversible subsurface irrigation pipeline section structural representation.

The sequence number of Fig. 1 and title: 1, bed course, 2, bottom of trench, 3, gripper shoe, 4, the ditch shoulder, 5, furrow bank, 6, go up drainpipe, 7, the draining flap valve, 8, middle drainpipe, 9, chock plug, 10, obturating plug, 11, filter material, 12, drainpipe down.

The sequence number of Fig. 2 and title: 13, Gai Kou, 14, hollow block, 15, the rectangle canal.

The sequence number of Fig. 3 and title: 16, ditch shoulder, 17, ditch shoulder triangle, 18, furrow bank, 19, reinforcing bar, 20, bed course, 21, the spike triangle, 22, spike, 23, bottom of trench.

The sequence number of Fig. 4 and title: 24, left inspection shaft, 25, drainpipe, 26, water inlet plug down, 27, on the flap valve of intaking, 28, the inspection shaft lid, 29, wide paths for tractors in the countryside, 30, right inspection shaft, 31, cross over pipe.

The sequence number of Fig. 5 and title: 32, bed course, 33, at the bottom of the canal, 34, anchor block, 35, Qu Bi, 36, flap valve, 37, short tube.

The sequence number of Fig. 6 and title: 38, flap valve, 39, the canal foot mat, 40, short tube, 41, canal shoulder triangle, 42, triangle at the bottom of the canal, 43, the canal shoulder, 44, reinforcing bar, 45, the channel cell body.

The sequence number of Fig. 7 and title: 46, underground piping, 47, three-way pipe, 48, left stiling basin, 49, two-way valve, 50, middle stiling basin, 51, cross over pipe, 52, wide paths for tractors in the countryside, 53, right stiling basin.

Embodiment

Embodiment is an example with the layer-stepping drain ditch.The top of furrow bank 5 both sides in the drain ditch among Fig. 1 is communicated with goes up drainpipe 6, drainpipe 8 during the middle part is communicated with, and the bottom is communicated with drainpipe 12 down, and furrow bank 5 connects with bed course 1, forms the trapezoidal drain ditch of porous preforming plate lining cutting; The pipe end of last drainpipe 6 is provided with draining flap valve 7, is " switch " of row's surface water; Middle drainpipe 8 pipe ends are provided with chock plug 9, obturating plug 10 cast-in-place concretes and chock plug and combine, " switch " of middle level drainpipe, and " closing " is embedded in the soil when planting paddy rice; Following drainpipe 12 is 50 millimeters plastic tubes of diameter, and per 4～5 meters one, filter material is established in the aperture in case mud stops up, and is used to discharge underground water.The layer-stepping drain ditch is the trapezoidal drain ditch of porous preforming plate lining cutting, and the degree of depth is determined according to ground level and crop needs between 0.8～1.2 meter.Among Fig. 1 bed course 1 this be set according to south " weak soil basis " characteristics.Bottom of trench 2 is no husky concrete, is beneficial to underground water and overflows.Gripper shoe 3 materials are the porous preforming plate, and plate is wide 0.5 meter, every 15～20 meters, inwardly topple over to prevent furrow bank between 1.0～1.2 meters every of every block length, simultaneously as the bridge plate of peasant's walking, so claim gap bridge again.Ditch is takeed on 4 armored concrete, and is wide 0.2 meter, act as a ditch wallboard and is linked to be integral body, prevents that introversion from falling outward, and double as operation road.Furrow bank 5 is placed vertically by the lining cutting of porous plate prefabricated board, and every wide 0.5 meter.Adopt mortar concrete ditch seam between the plate, in case water and soil loss.Last drainpipe 6 belongs to pipe of concretes, and the center is lower than 0.2 meter in field face, to discharge field face water, and the usefulness when kind of paddy rice that suits, one (about 20 meters at interval) are established on every ground.Draining flap valve 7 cast irons are row's surface water " switches ".Drainpipe 8 belongs to pipe of concretes, and overhead 0.5～0.6 meter at center to discharge water in the ditch of field, is used when being suitable for kind of dry crop.One (about 20 meters at interval) are established in every field.

Claims

1, a kind of farmland discharging-irrigating series facilities, this facility comprises draining zanjon, closed drain and anti-seepage channel, be provided with layer-stepping drain ditch, rectangular channel---hollow block combined type drain ditch, Z type member drainage ditch, unilateral closed drain, porous plate trapezoidal channel, rectangular channel channel, seven kinds of designs of reversible subsurface irrigation pipeline, select for use by different terrain, soil property and water condition; It is characterized in that the layer-stepping drain ditch is first kind of design, promptly be communicated with and go up drainpipe (6), middle drainpipe (8), following drainpipe (12) in furrow bank (5) both sides in drain ditch, furrow bank (5) connects with bed course (1), forms the trapezoidal drain ditch of porous preforming plate lining cutting; The pipe end of last drainpipe (6) is provided with draining flap valve (7); Middle drainpipe (8) pipe end is provided with chock plug (9), and obturating plug (10) cast-in-place concrete and chock plug combine; Following drainpipe (12) is a plastic tube, and filter material (11) is established in case mud stops up in the aperture.

2, farmland discharging-irrigating series facilities as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that rectangular channel---hollow block combined type drain ditch is second kind of design, be formed by stacking by rectangle canal (15) and (14) two prefabricated components of hollow block, lid mouthful (13) cast-in-situ steel reinforced concrete, prefabricated component joins together; The gool two ends respectively are respectively equipped with bell and spigot.

3, farmland discharging-irrigating series facilities as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that Z type member drainage ditch is the third design, prefabricated Z bar reinforced concrete member lining cutting, its ditch shoulder (16) is the top of Z-shaped member, ditch shoulder triangle (17) is filled out triangular concrete at the ditch shoulder with the knuckle place that furrow bank forms, and furrow bank (18) is the main body of Z-shaped member; Bed course (20) is laid by pool slag and is formed, and spike triangle (21) is filled out triangular concrete at furrow bank and spike formation knuckle place.

4, farmland discharging-irrigating series facilities as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that the unilateral closed drain is the 4th a kind of design, this closed drain is the subsoil drain that combines with wide paths for tractors in the countryside, cross over pipe (31) is laid and is inclination, be communicated with right left inspection shaft, right inspection shaft (30) compiles the water on the right, road, and post precipitation enters cross over pipe, enters water pipe in left inspection shaft; The following water inlet plug (26) that right left inspection shaft both sides connect, right left inspection shaft both sides are provided with water inlet flap valve (27).

5, farmland discharging-irrigating series facilities as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that the porous plate trapezoidal channel is the 5th a kind of design, canal wallboard (35) is a porous plate, be located at the both sides of anchor block (34) and channel, short tube (37) is laid to be and is tilted to penetrate the canal wallboard, flap valve (36) is the cock of water drain of channel, and the end of short tube is provided with flap valve.

6, farmland discharging-irrigating series facilities as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that the rectangular channel channel is the 6th a kind of design, connected with canal foot mat (39) by prefabricated rectangle cell body (45) and to form, a side of rectangular channel channel is laid short tube (40), and the end of short tube is provided with flap valve (38).

7, farmland discharging-irrigating series facilities as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that reversible subsurface irrigation pipeline is the 7th a kind of design, place the cross over pipe (51) under the wide paths for tractors in the countryside (52) to be communicated with left stiling basin (48), stiling basin (50), right stiling basin (53), be connected two-way valve (49), three-way pipe (47) between left stiling basin and middle stiling basin, three-way pipe connects underground piping (46).