CN1004841B - Twisting direct-acting alternating magnetic system - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a twisting type magnetic system used for direct-acting alternating contactors and other electric appliances with direct-acting magnetic systems. The present invention is characterized in that the traditional level beating type between an iron core and an armature pole face is changed into the unidirectional bevel twisting type with a level cut angle between 20 DEG to 40 DEG. Since an upper pole piece and a lower pole piece are mutually staggered at a single direction, the relative distance between an upper pole face and a lower pole face is effectively shortened and the pole face area is enlarged. Compared with the traditional magnetic system, the magnetic system of the present invention has the advantages of electric energy saving, temperature rise lowering, vibration reduction, noise reduction, service life prolongation, reliable motion, convenient use and maintenance, etc. An initial attractive force is increased in multiples, and the use quantity of enameled wires and silicon steel sheets is reduced. The present invention can save electricity by about 40%.

Description

Twisting direct-acting alternating magnetic system

The invention belongs to the magnetic system field of band armature.The inventor proposes to replace with combined magnetic manipulation system the clapping magnetic system of rotary type contactor with " twisting AC magnetic system " patent of application number 85205545 applications on December 19th, 1985.The design's basic principle is that with above-mentioned difference the transverse component perpendicular to main flux that is produced is opposite with the former, and its effect is also different.The former is when installation and operation, and transverse component is downward, utilize armature partly highly to be directly used in closure for the formed moment of the arm of force, and the transverse component of present technique upwards, is used for balanced armature gravity.Above-mentioned technology is used in rotational electrical apparatus, and present technique is to use in Direct Action Type electrical equipment.Rotating with directly moving is the two big electric appliances elements that adopt simultaneously both at home and abroad, selects for use by the specific requirement of controlled device for the user.Only use Direct Action Type electrical equipment in some western countries, China also mostly adopts Direct Action Type, so the consumption of the amount ratio rotary type of direct-acting magnetic system is bigger.

Present normally used clapping magnetic system is that the cylindricality pole shoe is directly clapped and closed, and this structure exists more following shortcomings: owing to positive percussion is vibrated greatly because vibration is big useful life weak point, desired starting current causes the impact to electrical network greatly; Can not to make full use of initial suction little because of electromagnetic force, so have to add large volume, feed consumption is many, the manufacturing cost height; Because unidirectional sticking and noise is big; Energy consumption causes temperature rise etc. greatly.Prior art still has forms such as V-arrangement and second shape in addition except that the cylindricality pole shoe.Though these pole shoe likeness in form twistings, the horizontal component that is produced is cancelled because of opposite sign but equal magnitude, and this horizontal component can only produce damping action, is helpless to balanced armature gravity.

Aspect economize on electricity, adopt the way of building-out section electric installation on magnetic system at present both at home and abroad, its separate unit amount of electricity saving is very considerable, and can realize silent running.But it is big to exist vibration.Work unreliable, frequency of operation is low, useful life is short, equipment cost is multiplied, increase closure or release time several times, increase shortcoming such as volume.It or not the way that fundamentally comprehensively improves the magnetic system technical-economic index.

The present invention is directed to the shortcoming of above-mentioned existing magnetic system, propose a kind of direct mechanical action that closes of clapping of lower pole face of will going up and change the technology of the relative twisting of two wedge shapes up and down into, promptly before armature begins action, shortened the relative distance between last lower pole face, increase polar area, reduced leakage flux.In course of action, except that vertical stress component was had an effect, its horizontal component perpendicular to main flux can play balanced armature gravity, and made lower pole face produce relative magnetic force twisting.Fundamentally overcome the above-mentioned various shortcoming of prior art thus at one stroke, its technical-economic index is broken through comprehensively.

The technology used in the present invention is combined into twisting owing to change to clap, and has made full use of electromagnetic force, thereby saved electric energy, has reduced vibration.Make armature near closed under the state of weightlessness, improved functional reliability and the mechanical wear that has reduced guide rail, increase the service life.Reduce enamelled wire and silicon steel sheet consumption, reduced manufacturing cost.Reduced temperature rise, reduced starting current, increased initial suction exponentially, armature has reduced noise by mutually perpendicular bidirectional force sticking.

Details are as follows in conjunction with Fig. 1 for design principle of the present invention:

(1) and (1 ') expression iron core pole-face among the figure.(2) and (2 ') expression armature pole-face.Horizontal dotted line is clapper-type iron core and armature pole-face among the figure, and included shade is partly represented its clapper-type magneticaction zone.About the magneticaction district of perpendicular dotted line and pole-face (1) (2) and (1 ') (2 ') cartographic represenation of area present technique of being surrounded.As seen from Figure 1, the design's magneticaction district compares with clapper-type, as to adopt both pole-face angles of cut be 30 °, under the constant situation of impulse stroke and magnetic pole thickness, the pole span air gap can shorten 13.4% up and down, its corresponding polar area increases by 15.5%, is the cardinal principle that the initial suction of present technique is multiplied and is economized on electricity significantly.Because of square being inversely proportional to of air gap and electromagnetic attraction, the increase of pole-face can significantly reduce leakage flux in order to strengthen the work magnetic flux.

In addition, owing to pole-face (1), (1 '), (2), (2 ') all are unidirectional inclined-planes, the magnetic line of force has vertical characteristic by air gap, and magnetic force can resolve into vertical stress component Fy and horizontal component Fx.Behind the coil electricity on the iron core, the magnetic force of generation makes two pairs of pole-face twistings up and down.Fx points to upwards when installation and operation, in order to the gravity of balanced armature.In order to eliminate the line bonus magnet ring, reduce electric energy loss.The design after last lower pole face closure, near the corresponding rivet of two couple of pole-face (3), (4) with (3 '), the line of centres of (4 ') should be vertical substantially with pole-face.The angle of this line and pole-face normal should be between 0～5 °, and the best is 3～7 °.

Most preferred embodiment of the present invention, details are as follows in conjunction with Fig. 2:

(6) are the magnetic system base plate among the figure, and static iron core (1) and guide rail (3) and reaction (buffering) spring (4) are housed on this base plate.Magnetizing coil (5) is enclosed within on the pole shoe of static iron core.Armature (2) is contained on the guide rail (3), can do parallel moving back and forth.For the armature stress equalization, be enclosed within on two pole shoes of static iron core after using two coils (5) series connection usually, in order to simplify drawing, one of them coil (5) has only drawn among Fig. 2.In addition, last lower core also can be designed to E shape, and above-mentioned coil is enclosed within symmetrical occupying on the static iron core bipolar shoe of limit, and the pole-face of this bipolar shoe and corresponding armature pole shoe is the twisting structure.Main pole placed in the middle is a cylindricality, and middle up and down interpolar leaves the degaussing air-gap, does not contact mutually.This iron core shown in Figure 2 is a n shape structure.

Above-mentioned two kinds of twisting direct-acting magnetic systems, the pole-face of static iron core and armature (in the E shape except the utmost point) is unidirectional inclined-plane.The angle of above-mentioned unidirectional inclined-plane and guide rail (3) glide direction vertical line should be between 20～40 °, and the best is 30 °.Iron core and armature are whole by folder silicon steel sheet in two block plates and with the rivet riveting.For fear of constituting two line bonus magnet rings, reduce energy loss and reduce temperature rise, after the last lower core closure, should be vertical substantially near the line of centres of two pairs of corresponding rivets up and down of pole-face with pole-face.The angle of this line and pole-face normal should be between 0～15 °.The best is 3～7 °.

During magnetic system work, at first make coil (5) energising, the magnetic force that static iron core this moment (1) produces attracts armature (2), makes two pairs of pole-face closures up and down.Simultaneously reaction (buffering) spring (4) is compressed, because pole-face is unidirectional inclined-plane, generation is perpendicular to the component Fx of main flux, balance the gravity of armature (2), make armature near state of weightlessness and static iron core (1) twisting, after cutting off the electricity supply, antagonistic spring (4) resets armature, and last lower pole face is separated.The effect of this magnetic system is exactly back and forth to finish above-mentioned course of action.

The twisting direct-acting alternating magnetic system that the design provided is compared with traditional clapping magnetic system, and last lower pole face relative gap significantly reduces.Corresponding pole-face increases considerably, the corresponding minimizing of leakage flux, and initial suction is multiplied.Use under the same conditions, the volume of magnetic system can reduce, and has orthogonal bidirectional force and work simultaneously in closure.A series of benefits such as economize on electricity is remarkable, vibration is little, noise is little, temperature rise is low, the life-span is long, frequency of operation is high, reliable in action, joint copper, joint steel, low cost of manufacture, working service convenience have been produced therefrom.Comprehensive raising of above-mentioned technical-economic index is that the clapper-type structure can not reach, and applying of present technique will bring revolutionary variation to the design of electromagnetic system.

Technology provided by the present invention and the traditional comparison of clapper-type aspect energy consumption, its effect as shown in Figure 3.Ordinate among Fig. 3 is represented magnetic force, and abscissa is represented working gas gap, and broken line (1) is represented the reaction characteristic curve that certain electric equipment products is intrinsic.The former clapper-type of bent solid line (2) expression uses the pull characteristics curve of former number of ampere turns.Chain-dotted line (4) expression twisting uses the pull characteristics curve of former clapper-type coil number of ampere turns, and imaginary curve (3) expression the design proposes twisting structure adapted and reduced pull characteristics curve behind the number of ampere turns 40% than primary coil.As seen from Figure 3, twisting energy-conservation shown in cattle horn shape shadow region among the figure than clapper-type.Greatly reduce energy consumption, also obtained twice initial suction, and whole suction has reduced sixth.If use same consumption energy, initial suction can increase about twice.Make on the whole characteristic curve and move.The increase of initial suction.Can accelerate closing speed effectively and improve reliable in action.Reducing of whole suction both saved electric energy, reduced vibration again.Because pull characteristics cooperate rationally with the reaction characteristic, but saves energy about 40%.

Description of drawings:

Fig. 1 magnetic system operation principle schematic diagram

Fig. 2 magnetic system organigram

The attraction characteristic curve of Fig. 3 magnetic system

Claims (4)

1, a kind of twisting AC magnetic system that is used for straight-style ac contactor and other band direct-acting magnetic system electrical equipment, the iron core of this magnetic system and the pole-face of armature are the wedge shape inclined-plane, when adhesive, the relative twisting of two wedge shapes.

The invention is characterized in, the pole-face of iron core and armature is the unidirectional face that inclines, the horizontal angle on this unidirectional inclined-plane is 20～40 °, under service conditions, the component perpendicular to main flux (Fx) that is produced between two pole-faces of this magnetic system, play the action of gravity (as shown in Figure 2) of balanced armature, thus make armature near under the state of weightlessness with the static iron core twisting.

2, by the described magnetic system of claim 1, two couple who it is characterized by iron core and armature goes up lower pole face and is parallel to each other, and best unidirectional inclined-plane and horizontal angle are 30 °.

3, by the described magnetic system of claim 1, the line of centres that it is characterized by after the pole shoe closure up and down near first corresponding rivet of pole-face should be vertical substantially with pole-face, and the angle of this line and pole-face normal is between 0～15 °, and the best is 3～7 °.

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