CN100483055C

CN100483055C - Wind direction-changing and temperature difference drying device for grain

Info

Publication number: CN100483055C
Application number: CNB2006101713868A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 请求不公开姓名
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2006-08-31
Filing date: 2006-12-25
Publication date: 2009-04-29
Anticipated expiration: 2026-12-25
Also published as: CN101086421A

Abstract

The invention discloses a grain drying apparatus, which comprises the following parts: a double layer heat-preserving steel board storage with side-to-side cylindrical shape, a hot-blast stove for providing the hot blast, a smoke cleaning and heat-recovering device, a delivery blast pipeline, an air stream direction changer, an electric fan and an electric control distribution system. The invention is characterized by the following: blowing the dried air in the got-blast stove by the positive pressure electric fan; entering the diffusing blast pipe by delivery blast pipe; inflowing the grain draught; absorbing the grain liquid-vapor by the negative pressure electric fan in the delivery blast pipe through the diffusing pipe; converting the air current direction timely by the air double-acting direction-change valve; converting the original delivery blast pipe of the grain storage air to the delivery blast pipe of discharging the wet air; making the air change the direction and flow in the storage. The device has the good drying effect, the simple structure, the low cost, which produces the good quality grain, and is fit for the different size grain processing mill.

Description

A kind of wind direction-changing and temperature difference drying device for grain

Technical field:

The invention belongs to a kind of drying equipment, particularly a kind of grain dryer that agricultural product are handled.

Background technology:

In the grain processing production field of the prior art, grain drying equipment mainly contains two big classes: a class is that rower drier and fluidized bed type drying equipment all are with 110～160 ℃ of hot-air aeration-dryings.

The subject matter that these drying equipments exist is: one by thousand dry material skewness, influences drying effect.Because grain is motion process in machine, can be not in order, evenly be scattered, or inhomogeneous or because of the grain spacing does not wait because of the grain flow velocity, therefore, cause the inhomogeneous of heat exchange between material and the hot blast, make drying effect poor; Its two, caloic temperature height, short with material time of contact, grain quality is impacted, commodity value is reduced.Its three, the drying equipment structure complexity, the cost height, investment is big, is not suitable for medium and small grain processing enterprise and uses; They are four years old, present air-dry formula, belong to by thousand dry materials and be still in the storehouse,, move in the grain slit when high pressure dry air has just entered the grain layer to feeding dry air with positive pressure fan folk prescription, air pressure reduces gradually, humidity increases gradually, grain tail layer moisture regain knot plate is gone mouldy, cause damage, can make the uneven drying of the material that is dried even simultaneously.

Summary of the invention:

The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is: overcome that existing grain drying equipment drying effect is poor, investment cost height, the inferior problem of drying grain, provide that a kind of drying effect is good, simple in structure, equipment cost is low, processing grain quality height, and be fit to the grain dryer that large, medium and small grain processing enterprise uses.

The present invention's used technical scheme of dealing with problems: the present invention is a pair of by the left and right sides heat insulation steel silo of cylindrical shape double-layer heat insulation, the hot-blast stove of 50 ℃ of (Controllable Temperature) hot blasts is provided, clarifying smoke and waste-heat recoverer, wind conveying pipe road one cover (wind conveying pipe, gas deceleration buffer chamber, the airduct that looses makes up), airflow direction converting means one cover is (by air-flow direction-changing door, about the two storehouses converter that takes turns to operate form), top grain-entering mouth roller shape switch combination, below row's grain mouth roller shape switch combination, electric fan and automatically controlled distribution system etc. are partly formed.

Its operation principle is: after by the normal pressure electric fan air of low temperature drying being blown into the hot-blast stove heating, enter the diffusing airduct (3) of pipe Zhou Buman sieve aperture by wind conveying pipe, evenly flow in the slit of grain, carry the steam that grain evaporates, enter the diffusing airduct (2) of negative pressure pipe Zhou Buman sieve aperture, through the sucking-off of wind conveying pipe route negative pressure electric fan.The above-mentioned course of work makes the wind conveying pipe that enters the silo air originally become the wind conveying pipe of discharging useless damp air by air-flow direction-changing door (11) conversion airflow direction regularly, and to reach in the grain slit break-in of air mobile in the storehouse in.

Present technique produces beneficial effect: one, inherited the advantage that naturally ventilated drying is not destroyed grain quality, and air-flow direction-changing door has been installed to change the flow direction of turnover silo air, make grain drying even; Its two, inherited the speed of using hot-air can accelerate water evaporates in the grain, become and use the hot-air that is no more than 50 ℃ (grain quality is degenerated) to blow in the grain, reaching the effect of grain air dry because surpass this temperate zone; Its three, clarifying smoke and waste heat recovery apparatus have been installed, make the energy of the flue dust of discharging from hot-blast stove pass to dry cold air, can save 30% the energy, remove the pollution that dust in the flue dust reduces environment simultaneously; Its four, utilize straw or rice husk (rice processing enterprise) to be the fuel of hot-blast stove, save fossil fuel, the protection environment.

Description of drawings:

Fig. 1: be structural representation of the present invention;

Fig. 2: the A, the B two states that are air-flow direction-changing door;

Fig. 3:

Fig. 4: the two storehouses converter that takes turns to operate about being: vertical view A; Profile B;

Fig. 5: advance, arrange grain mouth roller shape switch: vertical view A, left view B, vertical view C, B-B profile D.

Among the figure: 1. the heat insulation steel silo of cylinder double-layer heat insulation; 2. airduct looses; 3. airduct looses; 4. storehouse, left and right sides alteration switch; 5. exhaust electric fan; 6. blast pipe; 7. air intake-exhaust electric fan; 8. air inlet pipe; 9. automatically controlled distribution system; 10. bulkhead; 11. air-flow direction-changing door; 12. clarifying smoke and waste-heat recoverer; 13. hot-blast stove; 14. crop inlet pipe; 15. grain-entering mouth; 16. gas deceleration buffer chamber; 17. wind conveying pipe; 18. wind conveying pipe outside the storehouse (air inlet or give vent to anger); 19. wind conveying pipe outside the storehouse (giving vent to anger or air inlet); 20. row's grain mouth; 21. wind tongue; 22. deflector; 23. wind tongue rotating shaft; 24. fish scale pipe; 25. air vent;

The specific embodiment:

Shown in Figure of description, the present invention is a pair of by the heat insulation steel silo of left and right sides cylinder double-layer heat insulation (1), and the hot-blast stove (13) of 50 ℃ of hot blasts is provided, wind conveying pipe road one cover, each one of air intake-exhaust electric fan (7) (5), and automatically controlled distribution system (9) five most of compositions; Air-flow direction-changing door (11) is arranged, storehouse, left and right sides alteration switch (4) in the wind conveying pipe road; The bulkhead (10) of the heat insulation steel silo of cylinder double-layer heat insulation (1) is welded by section bar and sheet material, evenly vertically stand up diffusing airduct (2) (3) in the storehouse, the gas deceleration buffer chamber (16) that links with diffusing airduct (2) (3), umbrella shape storehouse caping middle part is installed grain-entering mouth (15), grain-entering mouth (15) middle part is installed roller shape and is advanced grain switch (Fig. 7 ABCD), middle part is installed row's grain mouth (20) at the bottom of the conical storehouse, and row's grain mouth (20) middle part is installed roller shape row grain switch (Fig. 7 ABCD).

Operation principle of the present invention: the hot-blast stove (13) that 50 ℃ of hot blasts are provided, the air inlet pipe (8) of the dry cold air of inspiration and the blast pipe (6) of the moist used heat air of discharging are installed in hot-blast stove (13) front, in clarifying smoke and the waste-heat recoverer (12) the flue dust waste heat is absorbed (purifying dust in the flue dust simultaneously) by cold air, after making the rising of dry cold air, after entering the further intensification of hot-blast stove (13), after being blown into air-flow direction-changing door (11) by malleation electric fan (7), about the two storehouses converter (4) that takes turns to operate, the outer wind conveying pipe (18) of warehouse entry, after passing through wind conveying pipe (17) again and entering gas deceleration buffer chamber (16), the effect that increases a gas deceleration buffer chamber herein is, cross-sectional area increased when air-flow flow to herein, flow velocity reduces, the dynamic pressure of gas reduces, thereby increased static pressure, can make gas be assigned to every diffusing airduct uniformly, reached the uniform purpose of each position grain drying in the storehouse.

The purpose that a gas deceleration buffer chamber respectively is installed up and down is: if, dry gas below blow into the wind conveying pipe road by positive pressure fan, and after entering the gas deceleration buffer chamber of inboard at the bottom of the storehouse, uniform distribution is to the diffusing airduct road of certain group, then moist waste gas is by the diffusing airduct road of another group, after flowing into the inboard gas deceleration buffer chamber of storehouse lid,, attracted to be discharged to outside the storehouse by negative-pressure air fan by wind conveying pipe road, top.

If, dry gas blows into the wind conveying pipe road by positive pressure fan up, and after entering the inboard gas deceleration buffer chamber of storehouse lid, uniform distribution is to the diffusing airduct road of certain group, then moist waste gas is by the diffusing airduct road of another group, behind the gas deceleration buffer chamber of inboard,, attracted to be discharged to outside the storehouse at the bottom of the inflow storehouse by negative-pressure air fan by wind conveying pipe road, below.Like this, the path that can realize each position air-flow in the grain is identical, make the gas uniform distribution give diffusing airduct (3) inner fish scale pipe (24), flow out from the air vent (25) of fish scale pipe (24), laterally enter the slit of grain again through airduct (3) air vent on every side that looses, the steam that grain is evaporated is mixed into moist used heat air, after moist used heat air enters diffusing airduct (2) the process wind conveying pipe (18) of negative pressure, enter in clarifying smoke and the waste-heat recoverer (12), give cold air with part thermal energy transfer in the flue dust, dust in the flue dust falls simultaneously, reaches the purpose of energy savings and purification flue dust.

Claims

1. wind direction-changing and temperature difference drying device for grain, this device comprises: about two steel silos, hot-blast stove, clarifying smoke and waste-heat recoverer, wind conveying pipe, gas deceleration buffer chamber, airduct looses, air-flow direction-changing door, storehouse, left and right sides alteration switch, top grain-entering mouth roller shape switch combination, below row's grain mouth roller shape switch combination, electric fan and automatically controlled distribution system, it is characterized in that: about two steel silos bottom blow into heated drying air with the malleation electric fan, from about two steel silo tops with the moist waste gas of negative-pressure air fan sucking-off, regularly change air-flow direction in airduct and the steel silo by air-flow direction-changing door, make heated drying air from about two steel silo tops blow into, from about the moist waste gas of two steel silos bottom sucking-off, two steel silos take turns to operate about being made by storehouse, left and right sides alteration switch again, two interior uniform purposes of grain drying of steel silo about reaching.

2. according to described a kind of wind direction-changing of claim 1 and temperature difference drying device for grain, described steel silo comprises umbrella shape Cang Gai, the cylindrical shape warehouse, at the bottom of the taper storehouse, umbrella shape Cang Gai, the cylindrical shape warehouse, taper is welded by double-layer plate at the bottom of the storehouse, the centre is full of heat insulation material, middle part is installed the switch combination of a roller shape respectively at the bottom of umbrella shape Cang Gai and the taper storehouse, what install above the roller shape switch combination of umbrella shape Cang Gai is to utilize gravity automatic turnover type insulated door, and what install below the roller shape switch combination at the bottom of the taper storehouse also is to utilize gravity automatic turnover type insulated door.

3. according to described a kind of wind direction-changing of claim 1 and temperature difference drying device for grain, described air-flow direction-changing door is by three doors that are welded with steel plate, three doors are by same transmission device control Push And Release, control four gas channels, when opening the gas channel of two straight lines during work, also be to close the gas channel of two oblique lines in addition, reach the purpose that changes the gas circuit direction.

4. according to described a kind of wind direction-changing of claim 1 and temperature difference drying device for grain, storehouse, described left and right sides alteration switch comprise air inlet mouth of pipe being welded into by steel plate and two exhaust pipe mouths, in adorn one rotatable 30 ° wind tongue, weld the several layers wind deflector with steel plate in two exhaust pipe mouths, can make gas can reach laminar condition, thereby reduce the energy consumption that turbulent flow produces, the wind tongue is controlled by electromagnetic switch, make its left-right rotation around the shaft, thus two steel silo work whether purposes about having reached conversion.

5. according to described a kind of wind direction-changing of claim 2 and temperature difference drying device for grain, in lid inboard, the umbrella shape storehouse of described steel silo and inboard at the bottom of the taper storehouse umbrella shape gas deceleration buffer chamber by the steel plate welding is installed respectively, gas deceleration buffer chamber in the lid of umbrella shape storehouse couples together wind conveying pipe and diffusing airduct, its effect is to reduce air velocity, increase the static pressure in the gas, air-flow is evenly distributed in each diffusing air pipe line.

6. according to described a kind of wind direction-changing of claim 1 and temperature difference drying device for grain, the tube wall of the outer pipeline of diffusing airduct is covered with air vent, internal layer suit fish scale pipe, the even tube wall of fish scale pipe is covered with the air vent that becomes 30 ° of cowfish squama shapes with pipeline, according to hydromechanical lamina flow principle, to be evenly distributed to from the fish scale hole when air-flow flows in the pipe of fish scale pipe in the airduct that looses, the air vent of the tube wall by the airduct that looses evenly flows between the grain slit.

7. according to described a kind of wind direction-changing of claim 1 and temperature difference drying device for grain, the switch combination of grain-entering mouth roller shape is made by the little plastic material of thermal conductivity factor, drive with decelerator, sway, grain at the uniform velocity flows downward with the bucket around the roller, what installed roller shape switch combination top is to utilize gravity automatic turnover type insulated door, the automatic turnover type insulated door, make the door-plate of four isosceles right triangles with steel plate, be separately fixed on the axle on four limits, four closed conditions that door-plate is horizontal when static are when advancing grain, under the gravity effect of grain, door-plate is opened downwards automatically around the limit axle, when advancing the grain end, close automatically, also play heat-blocking action simultaneously; The roller shape switch combination structure of row's grain mouth is identical with the roller shape switch combination structure of grain-entering mouth, and just the automatic turnover type insulated door is above the switch combination of roller shape.