CN100482844C - Precipitation hardening type stainless steel with high density - Google Patents
Precipitation hardening type stainless steel with high density Download PDFInfo
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- CN100482844C CN100482844C CNB2007100241169A CN200710024116A CN100482844C CN 100482844 C CN100482844 C CN 100482844C CN B2007100241169 A CNB2007100241169 A CN B2007100241169A CN 200710024116 A CN200710024116 A CN 200710024116A CN 100482844 C CN100482844 C CN 100482844C
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Abstract
This invention discloses a precipitation-hardening stainless steel with high density. The stainless steel comprises: C 0.01-0.09 wt.%, Si 0.2-0.6 wt.%, Mn 0.05-0.5 wt.%, P 0.0001-0.03 wt.%, S 0.0001-0.03 wt.%, Cr 11-14 wt.%, Ni 4-7 wt.%, Cu 1.5-2.5 wt.%, Nb 0.01-0.1 wt.%, W 8-12 wt.%, and Fe as balance. The density is 8.1-8.4 g/cm3. The stainless steel has such advantages as high density (specific gravity), high corrosion resistance, high moldability, and high weldability, and can be used to manufacture equipments and components.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of alloy material, be specifically related to a kind of PH Stainless Steel with higher density.
Background technology
Stainless steel is meant that generally chromium content is the alloy of iron in the principal constituent more than 10.5%, and this material not only has physical strength preferably, and attractive in appearance, corrosion-resistant, therefore is used widely in each field of industry.Stainless of a great variety, can be divided into five big classes by the metallographic structure after the thermal treatment (being microstructure): i.e. ferritic stainless steel, Martensite Stainless Steel, austenitic stainless steel, austenite-ferrite stainless steel and PH Stainless Steel, wherein PH Stainless Steel also is divided three classes by its tissue morphology: precipitation hardening semiaustenitic type, precipitation hardening of martensitic type and precipitation hardening Austenitic stainless steel.Every kind of stainless steel capital has good performance in specific Application Areas, and wherein, PH Stainless Steel not only has good corrosion-resistant, and good processability and good weldability are arranged, even can be used as high-intensity material and be applied.Yet, need the occasion of greater density (proportion) material at some, such as inertial motion and firm balance requirement being arranged when (as driving Flywheel disc, facility base or chassis, sports equipment etc.), the existing PH Stainless Steel of whole or local employing of mechanism and component, the density of material itself (proportion) is still not enough, if for the density (proportion) that increases material, and simple high-density (proportion) element that in the refining process of this alloy material, adds, be easy to generate the gravity segregation phenomenon again, cause material internal inhomogeneous.In addition, increased though do material monolithic density (proportion) like this, the strength of materials descends on the contrary, and causes solidity to corrosion not good, degradation shortcoming under the welding strength.Therefore, how to develop a kind of higher density (proportion) that both had, the PH Stainless Steel that has good corrosion-resistant, the strength of materials and plasticity and weldability again is the problem that the present invention studies.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of higher density (proportion) that both had, have the PH Stainless Steel alloy material of good corrosion-resistant, the strength of materials and plasticity and weldability again, to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art.
For achieving the above object, the technical solution used in the present invention is: a kind of PH Stainless Steel with higher density, and the component and the content of this alloy material are as follows:
C (carbon) 0.01～0.09 weight %;
Si (silicon) 0.2～0.6 weight %;
Mn (manganese) 0.05～0.5 weight %;
P (phosphorus) 0.0001～0.03 weight %;
S (sulphur) 0.0001～0.03 weight %;
Cr (chromium) 11～14 weight %;
Ni (nickel) 5～9 weight %;
Cu (copper) 1.5～2.5 weight %;
Nb (niobium) 0.01～0.1 weight %;
W (tungsten) 8～12 weight %;
Fe (iron) surplus;
The density of described alloy material is 8.1～8.4g/cm
3, metallographic structure is a martensite.
Related content in the technique scheme is explained as follows:
1, in the such scheme, the best component and the content of described alloy material are as follows:
C (carbon) 0.04 weight %;
Si (silicon) 0.33 weight %;
Mn (manganese) 0.37 weight %;
P (phosphorus) 0.008 weight %;
S (sulphur) 0.008 weight %;
Cr (chromium) 12.54 weight %;
Ni (nickel) 5.68 weight %;
Cu (copper) 1.98 weight %;
Nb (niobium) 0.01 weight %;
W (tungsten) 10.1 weight %;
Fe (iron) surplus.
2, in the such scheme, described alloy material through 950 ℃～1050 ℃ constant temperature 1 hour, places the solution treatment of air refrigerative again after preparation, and material hardness is HRC 28～32.Solution treatment described here is meant material is warmed up to single phase region more than the solvus that constant temperature keeps for some time, and the alloying element of getting involved precipitation-hardening all is dissolved in the matrix of materials, and becomes the thermal treatment process of single supersaturated solid solution.The purpose of solution treatment mainly is to improve the plasticity and the toughness of steel and alloy, handles for precipitation hardening and gets ready etc.
3, in the such scheme, described alloy material is after preparation, through 950 ℃～1050 ℃ constant temperature of the first step 1 hour, place the solution treatment of air refrigerative again, with second step, 450 ℃～550 ℃ constant temperature 3 hours, place air refrigerative ageing treatment again, material hardness is HRC 37～43.Ageing treatment described here is meant alloy workpiece through solution treatment, after cold plastic deformation or casting, the forging, places or the room temperature maintenance its performance, shape, the thermal treatment process of size time to time change in higher temperature.The purpose of ageing treatment, the internal stress of elimination workpiece, stabilizing tissue and size are improved mechanical property etc.
4, in the such scheme, described alloy material is at 5 weight %NaCl+95 weight %H
2Under the SaltSprayTest of O, its solidity to corrosion is not less than 72 hours.
5, alloy material of the present invention enough stirs material composition is mixed melting the refining process need, and adds an amount of trace element increase dispersion effect and alloying level.
Because the technique scheme utilization, the present invention compared with prior art has following advantage and effect:
1, alloy material of the present invention need to be specially adapted to the occasion of higher density (proportion) or firm center of gravity, as the material in facility and all or part of zone of component owing to have the characteristic of higher density (proportion).The range of application of this material comprises mechanism, component and subassembly, as driving Flywheel disc, facility or article like that such as article base, sports equipment.
2, alloy material of the present invention is after refining, separates out processing through solutionizing processing and timeliness and can obtain higher physical strength, and its main metallographic structure is a martensite.
3, alloy material of the present invention has corrosion resistant characteristics, and its erosion resistance is identical with existing PH Stainless Steel, is applicable to have the environment occasion that erosion resistance requires.
4, alloy material of the present invention has formability and weldability preferably, can adopt fixedly connected modes such as welding, soldering, embedding riveted, gummed to combine, to reach the stable or inertia demand of high-density (proportion), centre of gravity with other mechanism, facility or component.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment the present invention is further described:
For meeting the characteristic requirement of stainless steel high-density of the present invention (proportion), high strength and erosion resistance, the contriver makes the sample of multiple heterogeneity ratio in advance, and the mechanical properties of test sample and commercially available PH Stainless Steel contrast mutually, with this foundation as the exploitation of this stainless steel.
The contriver takes out three kinds of samples that meet this stainless steel requirement condition (H1～H3) altogether after test repeatedly, and be standard according to ASTM (American Society Testing and Materials) E8 standard, test its mechanical properties, and contrast as correspondence with actual measurement ASTM CB7CU-1 PH Stainless Steel, the gained data are shown in table 1, table 2.
Table 1 is three kinds of stainless chemical compositions of sample of H1～H3 and content (first primitive unit cell: weight %)
Table 2 is the mechanical property contrast of three kinds of samples of H1～H3 and existing PH Stainless Steel
Annotate: 1, three kinds of samples of H1～H3 are all made with forging type in the table 2;
2,1050 ℃/1hr air cooling of solid solution condition;
3,480 ℃/3hr of aging condition air cooling.
Though the actual measurement back finds that its mechanical properties of alloy of the present invention is not as good as ASTM CB7CU-1 PH Stainless Steel, but wherein the strength test of sample H1 can reach 93%～97% of ASTM CB7CU-1 PH Stainless Steel, extensibility is also fine, solidity to corrosion can be used as best formal material and uses equally not second to ASTM CB7CU-1 PH Stainless Steel.
To be concluded situation as follows for sample shown in table 1, table 2: after the solution treatment with 1 hour air cooling of 1050 ℃ of constant temperature, H1 hardness is reduced to HRC 28～32 by HRC 29～34, H2 hardness is reduced to HRC 25.5～26.3 by HRC27.5～28.2, and H3 hardness increases to HRC 31～33 by HRC 28～31.Again with the sample after the solid solution after the timeliness of 3 hours air coolings of 450 ℃～550 ℃ constant temperature is separated out processing, H1 hardness increases to HRC37～43, H2 hardness increases to HRC 33～36, H3 hardness increases to HRC31～34.
Because the component difference of three kinds of samples is that W (tungsten), Ni (nickel) Cr (chromium) are different with the content of Cu (copper).Wherein the nickel too high levels will make metallographic form austenite structure, so timeliness precipitation strength tissue effect is low; The existence of W content can make and form compound and solid solution in the alloy structure in tissue, thereby have influence on the variation of alloy strength.
Generally speaking the solidity to corrosion of Cr (chromium) content influence alloy material, the increase of chromium content helps to improve the solidity to corrosion of alloy material, but found that by table 2 the chromium too high levels also can make alloy material mechanical properties descend.
And reduce C (carbon) though content can improve solidity to corrosion, carbon content drops to the difficulty that to a certain degree promptly can bring on the smelting technology, thus carbon content should be controlled in≤0.09% preferable.
The toughness of Ni (nickel) content influence alloy material, but easily make during the nickel too high levels metallographic structure form the austenite phase, and cause mechanical properties to descend.
Cu (copper) is the precipitation strength element, but must cooperate Ni (nickel), Cr (chromium) content to be allocated.It is better that the increase of copper content can make material separate out processing back intensity in timeliness.If but allocated not at that time with nickel, chromium content, will make alloy material form austenite structure, cause mechanical properties to descend on the contrary.
W (tungsten) is density (proportion) control element, and it is high-density (proportion) that the content of tungsten directly influences alloy main purpose of the present invention.Too highly have uniformly dispersed badly and be easy to generate segregation phenomena but W elements adds, based on this consideration, W elements content should be controlled in 8wt%～12wt% the best.
Alloy of the present invention is after the solution treatment of 1 hour air cooling of 950 ℃～1050 ℃ constant temperature, can make organize comparatively even, its metallographic structure mainly presents martensite, and precipitates such as some residual tungsten compounds are arranged, 450 ℃～550 ℃ ageing treatment of holding 3 hours air coolings of temperature can be imposed again according to user demand, more high strength and hardness can be got.
As follows at the special supplementary notes of alloy of the present invention:
Provided by the present invention have a higher density PH Stainless Steel, its purposes not only is confined to this specification sheets background partly described mechanism or subassembly use (as driving Flywheel disc, facility base or chassis, sports equipment .. etc.), if when other facility or article have high-density, high strength and solidity to corrosion to consider when design, all belong in the application range of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1, a kind of PH Stainless Steel with higher density is characterized in that, described stainless component and content are as follows:
Carbon 0.01～0.09 weight %;
Silicon 0.2～0.6 weight %;
Manganese 0.05～0.5 weight %;
Phosphorus 0.0001～0.03 weight %;
Sulphur 0.0001～0.03 weight %;
Chromium 11～14 weight %;
Nickel 5～9 weight %;
Copper 1.5～2.5 weight %;
Niobium 0.01～0.1 weight %;
Tungsten 8～12 weight %;
Iron surplus;
Described stainless density is 8.1～8.4g/cm
3, metallographic structure is a martensite.
2, stainless steel according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described stainless component and content are as follows:
Carbon 0.04 weight %;
Silicon 0.33 weight %;
Manganese 0.37 weight %;
Phosphorus 0.008 weight %;
Sulphur 0.008 weight %;
Chromium 12.54 weight %;
Nickel 5.68 weight %;
Copper 1.98 weight %;
Niobium 0.01 weight %;
Tungsten 10.1 weight %;
Iron surplus.
3, stainless steel according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: described stainless steel is through 950 ℃～1050 ℃ constant temperature 1 hour, place the solution treatment of air refrigerative again after, hardness is HRC 28～32.
4, stainless steel according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: described stainless steel was through 950 ℃～1050 ℃ constant temperature of the first step 1 hour, place the solution treatment of air refrigerative again, with second step, 450 ℃～550 ℃ constant temperature 3 hours, after placing air refrigerative ageing treatment again, hardness is HRC 37～43.
5, stainless steel according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: described stainless steel is at 5 weight %NaCl+95 weight %H
2Under the SaltSprayTest of O, its solidity to corrosion is not less than 72 hours.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CNB2007100241169A CN100482844C (en) | 2007-07-17 | 2007-07-17 | Precipitation hardening type stainless steel with high density |
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| CNB2007100241169A CN100482844C (en) | 2007-07-17 | 2007-07-17 | Precipitation hardening type stainless steel with high density |
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| CN100482844C true CN100482844C (en) | 2009-04-29 |
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| CN102168228A (en) * | 2011-03-28 | 2011-08-31 | 徐英忱 | Medical precipitation-hardening stainless steel material and preparation method thereof |
| CN109530853B (en) * | 2019-01-03 | 2021-08-03 | 苏州慧金新材料科技有限公司 | Preparation method of tool for smelting aluminum alloy |
Citations (4)
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| CN1352319A (en) * | 2000-11-15 | 2002-06-05 | 浦项产业科学研究院 | Martensitic stainless steel with high mechanical strength and anti-corrosion |
| CN1370243A (en) * | 1999-08-23 | 2002-09-18 | 桑德维克公司 | Method for manufacture of steel products of precipitation hardened martensitic steel, steel products obtained with such method and use of said steel products |
| US20020164261A1 (en) * | 2001-03-02 | 2002-11-07 | Martin James W. | Cast shaped article made from high strength, precipitation-hardenable stainless steel and a process for making same |
| US6793744B1 (en) * | 2000-11-15 | 2004-09-21 | Research Institute Of Industrial Science & Technology | Martenstic stainless steel having high mechanical strength and corrosion |
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1370243A (en) * | 1999-08-23 | 2002-09-18 | 桑德维克公司 | Method for manufacture of steel products of precipitation hardened martensitic steel, steel products obtained with such method and use of said steel products |
| CN1352319A (en) * | 2000-11-15 | 2002-06-05 | 浦项产业科学研究院 | Martensitic stainless steel with high mechanical strength and anti-corrosion |
| US6793744B1 (en) * | 2000-11-15 | 2004-09-21 | Research Institute Of Industrial Science & Technology | Martenstic stainless steel having high mechanical strength and corrosion |
| US20020164261A1 (en) * | 2001-03-02 | 2002-11-07 | Martin James W. | Cast shaped article made from high strength, precipitation-hardenable stainless steel and a process for making same |
Non-Patent Citations (4)
| Title |
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| 热处理对马氏体沉淀硬化不锈钢0Cr15Ni5Cu3Nb锻件机械性能的影响. 陈斌，宋志刚，郑文杰.特殊钢，第25卷第1期. 2004 |
| 热处理对马氏体沉淀硬化不锈钢0Cr15Ni5Cu3Nb锻件机械性能的影响. 陈斌，宋志刚，郑文杰.特殊钢，第25卷第1期. 2004 * |
| 热处理工艺对CB7Cu-1不锈钢精密铸件性能的影响. 庄培华.上海钢研，第4期. 1998 |
| 热处理工艺对CB7Cu-1不锈钢精密铸件性能的影响. 庄培华.上海钢研，第4期. 1998 * |
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