CN100482823C - Method for preparing micro-grain tin bronze alloy - Google Patents
Method for preparing micro-grain tin bronze alloy Download PDFInfo
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- CN100482823C CN100482823C CNB2005101118124A CN200510111812A CN100482823C CN 100482823 C CN100482823 C CN 100482823C CN B2005101118124 A CNB2005101118124 A CN B2005101118124A CN 200510111812 A CN200510111812 A CN 200510111812A CN 100482823 C CN100482823 C CN 100482823C
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Abstract
The invention relates the method for preparation of microcrystal tin bronze alloy, comprising the following steps: melting the 93.5-96.5wt% Cu, 2.0-4.0wt% Se and 1.5-2.5% Pb at the condition of vacuum, making the tin bronze alloy casting blank, after surface treating the casting blank, forging it at 650-800Deg.C to make tin bronze bar, cutting the aluminum-bronze plate to lump blank and carrying out surface preparation and coating graphite lubricant, heating the blank and die, squeezing the blank with die and getting the tin bronze alloy plate. The invention improves the mechanical property and frictional behavior of tin bronze alloy, expanding the application area of alloy and meeting the product requirement.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of preparation method of micro-grain tin bronze alloy, adopt forging to prepare the micro-grain tin bronze alloy bulk with the method that the equal channel angular extruding combines, improve the mechanical property and the tribological property thereof such as plasticity, intensity, hardness of tin bronze alloys, and then promoted the practical engineering application of this alloy.Belong to metallic substance and metallurgical class technical field.
Background technology
Tinbronze has physics-chem characteristics such as good electrical conductivity, thermal conductivity, erosion resistance and ductility, and has mechanical property, wear resisting property and corrosion resistance nature preferably.Because tinbronze has above-mentioned premium properties,, often be used to make wear parts such as lining, bearing, gear so purposes is widely arranged at the industrial aspects such as electric utility, machinofacture, traffic, building etc. of comprising.Along with further developing of science and technology, to the demands for higher performance of this alloy, need further to improve the mechanical property and the tribological property of this alloy, but it is not remarkable to use ordinary method and technology to improve the effect of this alloy property.
Therefore, how the to adopt new technology performance that further improves the tinbronze material that combines with common process is the primary problem that solves.Studies show that: crystal grain thinning is a kind of effective ways that improve the material internal structure, improve alloy mechanical performance.When grain refining behind 1 μ m, material will show a series of uncommon physics, chemistry, machinery and tribological property, thereby alloy is carried out structure refinement is the development trend of studying high performance material at present.Traditional alloy grain process for refining generally adopts the plastic deformation method, such as forging method, rolling etc.Though traditional viscous deformation technology can refinement tin bronze alloys crystal grain, when grain refining requires very big viscous deformation during to micron dimension even nanometer scale, traditional Technology of Plastic Processing is difficult to reach requirement.The equal channel angular extrusion process is new in recent years a kind of large plastometric set technology of rising, and it is that mode with pure shear realizes the violent viscous deformation of material.This method can obtain the superfine crystal particle structure of high-angle boundary at material internal, and the material that is obtained is changed in nature; This method can obtain equally distributed crystal grain thinning in whole sample, make the stable performance that extruding back material obtains, material through extruding repeatedly after progressively refinement can obtain micron order crystal grain.As publication number is that the Chinese invention patent of CN1528930 has been introduced a kind of micro fine-grained titanium-nickel-niobium marmen blocks preparation method, utilize the equal channel angular extrusion technique that as cast condition titanium nickel-niobium shape memory alloy is pushed, with forging, other plastic deformation method such as rolling is compared has two unique advantages: blank produces the intensive plastix strain in plastic history; The cross-sectional dimension of blank remains unchanged in deformation process.Can prepare bigger block grained material by this technology.But equal channel angular extrusion process principle and method are more effective to the grain refining of magnesium with good plasticity, copper base alloy, but the grain refining of the metal alloy of plasticity difference is subjected to the restriction of several factors, and misoperation causes blank surface crackle even fracture to occur easily.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is at the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of preparation method of micro-grain tin bronze alloy is provided, and technology is simple, and is with low cost, can significantly improve the mechanical property and the tribological property such as intensity, hardness of tin bronze alloys, the tin bronze alloys material that obtained performance is good.
For realizing this purpose, the present invention adopts the method that combines with the equal channel angular extruding of forging, with raw material by mass percentage copper be 93.5～96.5%, tin is 2.0～4.0%, lead is 1.5～2.5% to be equipped with, under vacuum condition, carry out melting, make the tin bronze alloys strand, again strand is carried out surface treatment and the heating forge, make and forge attitude tin bronze alloys bar, bar is cut into block blank and carries out surface treatment and the coated graphite lubricant, employing squeezing passage angle is 90～120 ° a equal channel angular extrusion die, and mold cavity surface applied oildag is put into the common heat tracing of mould with blank, and from process furnace, take out simultaneously and carry out the equal channel angular extruding, finally obtain intensity, hardness, the tin bronze alloys bulk that plasticity and tribological property are all good.
Micro-grain tin bronze alloy preparation method of the present invention is specially: with raw material by mass percentage copper be 93.5～96.5%, tin is 2.0～4.0%, lead is 1.5～2.5% to be equipped with, and carries out melting under vacuum condition, makes the tin bronze alloys strand.The tin bronze alloys strand is carried out surface treatment, forge after being heated to 650～800 ℃, obtain to forge attitude tin bronze alloys bar.To forge attitude tin bronze alloys bar and cut into block blank, and blank be carried out surface finish handle, and make smooth surface smooth.With acetone blank surface is cleaned, preheating is 15～20 minutes under 80～100 ℃ temperature, and then at blank surface coated graphite lubricant, coating is wanted evenly, and dried under 60～90 ℃ temperature 10～15 minutes blank coating back.
The present invention adopts equal channel angular extrusion die, and the squeezing passage angle of mould is 90～120 °.With acetone mould is carried out surface and die cavity and clean, preheating is 40～60 minutes under 100 ℃ temperature, coated graphite lubricant then, and coat-thickness is wanted evenly.
Because this alloy has plasticity preferably, thereby its equal channel angular extruding can carry out below 500 ℃, and blank and mould can heat jointly under this temperature.The blank that coats oildag is placed in the mould, and blank and mould be heating jointly in 300 ℃～500 ℃ process furnace, and is incubated 1～1.5 hour.The blank and the mould that heat are taken out simultaneously, on universal hydraulic testing machine, blank is pushed.The blank that squeezes out is carried out surface treatment, and to mold cavity and blank coated graphite lubricant, carry out the 2nd extruding again, can obtain the micro-grain tin bronze alloy bulk, its microcosmic average grain size is 0.3～0.7 μ m.
The present invention adopts and forges the preparation technology who combines with the equal channel angular extruding, the as cast condition tin bronze alloys is carried out conducting forging processing earlier, carry out the equal channel angular extruding again, this technology has significantly improved the performance of tin bronze alloys on the basis of having reduced the extruding number of times, improved preparation efficiency.Alloy is through after forging, and material internal defect disappears, and helps the carrying out of equal channel angular extruding.Sample is size constancy before and after extruding, handles simply, and the lumber recovery height, and can realize big workpiece processing.Before the extruding mold cavity and blank to be extruded are lubricated processing respectively, the rapid temperature drop that both can effectively stop blank, can reduce simultaneously the sliding-frictional resistance between blank and mold work surface significantly, thereby improve the flow uniformity of alloy material effectively, guarantee carrying out smoothly of extrusion process; The swabbing processing method is simple, and cost is low, and after actually operating, blank and mould come off voluntarily, do not bond together good manufacturability mutually.The determining and the blank that heats and mould taken out from process furnace simultaneously of blank, mold heated time and soaking time carries out the equal channel angular extruding, can prevent grain growth, help forming tiny tinbronze micron crystalline substance, finally obtain well behaved tin bronze alloys bulks such as intensity, plasticity.
The method that the present invention adopts traditional technology to combine with emerging technology is forged earlier the as cast condition tin bronze alloys, after carry out equal channel angular extruding, improved the mechanical property and the tribological properties thereof such as intensity, plasticity, hardness of tin bronze alloys, effect is remarkable.
Embodiment
Below by specific embodiment technical scheme of the present invention is further described.
Embodiment 1:
With raw material by mass percentage copper be 93.5%, tin is 4.0%, lead is 2.5% to be equipped with, and carries out melting under vacuum condition, makes the tin bronze alloys strand.The tinbronze strand is carried out surface treatment, be placed on and on hotdie forging press, forge after being heated to 700 ℃ in the process furnace, obtain to forge attitude tin bronze alloys bar.To forge attitude tin bronze alloys line, to cut into cross section be 9.3 * 9.3mm, and length is the block blank of 100mm, and blank is carried out surface treatment, makes smooth surface smooth.With acetone blank surface is carried out surface cleaning, blank is placed on the clean stainless steel pallet, preheating is 20 minutes under 100 ℃ temperature, adopt the method for brushing at blank surface coated graphite lubricant then, coating is wanted evenly, coating back blank dry 15 minutes under 60 ℃ temperature, as if occurring falling to being coated with, cut, defective such as peeling off, should carry out coating or flush away recoat.Is that 120 degree moulds carry out surface and die cavity and clean with acetone to the extruding angle, and preheating is 50 minutes under 100 ℃ temperature, coated graphite lubricant then, and coating is even.
The tin bronze alloys that coats oildag is placed in the mould, and blank and mould be heating jointly in 300 ℃ process furnace, reaches after the temperature insulation 1 hour; The blank and the mould that heat are taken out simultaneously, push on universal hydraulic testing machine rapidly then, the blank that extruding is come out carries out carrying out the 2nd extruding after the surface treatment again, can obtain the micro-grain tin bronze alloy bulk.
Embodiment 2:
With raw material by mass percentage copper be 95.0%, tin is 3.0%, lead is 2.0% to be equipped with, and carries out melting under vacuum condition, makes the tin bronze alloys strand.The tinbronze strand is carried out surface treatment, be placed on and on hotdie forging press, forge after being heated to 750 ℃ in the process furnace, obtain to forge attitude tin bronze alloys bar.To forge attitude tin bronze alloys line, to cut into cross section be 9.3 * 9.3mm, and length is the block blank of 100mm, and blank is carried out surface treatment, makes smooth surface smooth.With acetone blank surface is carried out surface cleaning, blank is placed on the clean stainless steel pallet, preheating is 20 minutes under 100 ℃ temperature, adopt the method for brushing at blank surface coated graphite lubricant then, coating is wanted evenly, coating back blank dry 15 minutes under 60 ℃ temperature, as if occurring falling to being coated with, cut, defective such as peeling off, should carry out coating or flush away recoat.Is that 90 degree moulds carry out surface and die cavity and clean with acetone to the extruding angle, and preheating is 50 minutes under 100 ℃ temperature, coated graphite lubricant then, and coating is even.
The tin bronze alloys that coats oildag is placed in the mould, and blank and mould be heating jointly in 400 ℃ process furnace, reaches after the temperature insulation 1 hour; The blank and the mould that heat are taken out simultaneously, push on universal hydraulic testing machine rapidly then, the blank that extruding is come out carries out carrying out the 2nd extruding after the surface treatment again, can obtain the micro-grain tin bronze alloy bulk.
Embodiment 3:
With raw material by mass percentage copper be 96.5%, tin is 2.0%, lead is 1.5% to be equipped with, and carries out melting under vacuum condition, makes the tin bronze alloys strand.The tinbronze strand is carried out surface treatment, be placed on and on hotdie forging press, forge after being heated to 800 ℃ in the process furnace, obtain to forge attitude tin bronze alloys bar.To forge attitude tin bronze alloys line, to cut into cross section be 9.3 * 9.3mm, and length is the block blank of 100mm, and blank is carried out surface treatment, makes smooth surface smooth.With acetone blank surface is carried out surface cleaning, blank is placed on the clean stainless steel pallet, preheating is 20 minutes under 100 ℃ temperature, adopt the method for brushing at blank surface coated graphite lubricant then, coating is wanted evenly, coating back blank dry 15 minutes under 60 ℃ temperature, as if occurring falling to being coated with, cut, defective such as peeling off, should carry out coating or flush away recoat.Is that 90 degree moulds carry out surface and die cavity and clean with acetone to the extruding angle, and preheating is 50 minutes under 100 ℃ temperature, coated graphite lubricant then, and coating is even.
The tin bronze alloys that coats oildag is placed in the mould, and blank and mould be heating jointly in 500 ℃ process furnace, reaches after the temperature insulation 1 hour; The blank and the mould that heat are taken out simultaneously, push on universal hydraulic testing machine rapidly then, the blank that extruding is come out carries out carrying out the 2nd extruding after the surface treatment again, can obtain the micro-grain tin bronze alloy bulk.
Claims (1)
1, a kind of preparation method of micro-grain tin bronze alloy, it is characterized in that: adopt the method that combines with the equal channel angular extruding of forging, with raw material by mass percentage copper be 93.5～96.5%, tin is 2.0～4.0%, lead is 1.5～2.5% to be equipped with, under vacuum condition, carry out melting, make the tin bronze alloys strand, forge after the tin bronze alloys strand carried out surface treatment and be heated to 650～800 ℃, obtain to forge attitude tin bronze alloys bar, again bar is cut into block blank, blank is carried out surface finish handle, make smooth surface smooth, with acetone blank surface is cleaned, preheating is 15～20 minutes under 80～100 ℃ temperature, and then at the even coated graphite lubricant of blank surface, dried under 60～90 ℃ temperature 10～15 minutes blank coating back; Employing squeezing passage angle is 90～120 ° a equal channel angular extrusion die, with acetone mould is carried out surface and die cavity cleaning, at the even coated graphite lubricant after 40～60 minutes of preheating under 100 ℃ the temperature, then blank is placed in the mould common heating and be incubated 1～1.5 hour in 300 ℃～500 ℃ process furnace, then blank and the mould that heats taken out simultaneously, on universal hydraulic testing machine, blank is pushed; The blank that squeezes out is carried out surface treatment and to mold cavity and blank coated graphite lubricant, carries out the 2nd extruding again, promptly obtain the micro-grain tin bronze alloy bulk, its microcosmic average grain size is 0.3～0.7 μ m.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CNB2005101118124A CN100482823C (en) | 2005-12-22 | 2005-12-22 | Method for preparing micro-grain tin bronze alloy |
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| CNB2005101118124A CN100482823C (en) | 2005-12-22 | 2005-12-22 | Method for preparing micro-grain tin bronze alloy |
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| CN100482823C true CN100482823C (en) | 2009-04-29 |
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Families Citing this family (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101260522B (en) * | 2008-04-22 | 2010-06-02 | 华中科技大学 | Special-purpose alloy powder for repairing archaic bronze chime |
| CN103740972B (en) * | 2013-11-29 | 2015-10-28 | 余姚市宏骏铜业有限公司 | A kind of semi-solid state extrusion preparation method of Bronze alloy bar |
| CN103740973B (en) * | 2013-11-29 | 2015-11-18 | 余姚市宏骏铜业有限公司 | A kind of Bronze alloy bar |
| CN103706741B (en) * | 2013-12-18 | 2015-04-01 | 江西鸥迪铜业有限公司 | Hot forging and molding process for oxygen free copper material |
| CN106916993A (en) * | 2015-12-28 | 2017-07-04 | 北京有色金属研究总院 | A kind of low-temperature high-strength high-ductility abrasion-proof aluminium bronze and preparation method thereof |
| CN110610782B (en) * | 2018-06-15 | 2021-07-06 | 西部超导材料科技股份有限公司 | Nb-shaped alloy3Refining method of SnCu bar alloy grains for Sn superconducting wire |
| CN111826546A (en) * | 2020-06-30 | 2020-10-27 | 飞亚达精密科技股份有限公司 | Bronze material, preparation method thereof and processing method for manufacturing clock shell |
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