CN100473494C - Optical fiber side edge polishing and grinding apparatus and processing method thereof - Google Patents
Optical fiber side edge polishing and grinding apparatus and processing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN100473494C CN100473494C CNB2004100777914A CN200410077791A CN100473494C CN 100473494 C CN100473494 C CN 100473494C CN B2004100777914 A CNB2004100777914 A CN B2004100777914A CN 200410077791 A CN200410077791 A CN 200410077791A CN 100473494 C CN100473494 C CN 100473494C
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Abstract
the invention relates to an optical fiber side rubbing device which includes device for fixing axis and side rubbing the polarization maintaining optical fiber and device for side rubbing normal optical fiber. The side rubbing device includes soleplate, two clamp benches for fixing and supporting the optical fiber, rubbing wheel bench support stand installed with detachable rubbing wheel, CCD camera, CCD detector, rubbing monitoring light source and light capacity meter for monitoring the rubbing depth when rubbing. The two clamp bench is respectively installed with a group of optical fiber detachable clamps for clamping the rubbing section of the optical fiber and stretching the fiber. The precise optical fiber rotor clamp on the clamp bench is exchangeable with the rotating stepping motor and optical plain clamp so to suit the different need of polarization maintaining optical fiber and normal optical fiber. The device is handily for side rubbing the normal optical fiber while guarantees the accuracy for polarization maintaining optical fiber. The invention also provides with corresponding technics of the two kinds of optical fibers.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of optical fiber side polishing and grinding apparatus, comprise device that polarization maintaining optical fibre is carried out dead axle and side rubbing down and device the side rubbing down of ordinary optic fibre, and corresponding process.
Background technology
Utilize optical means that optical fiber is carried out rubbing down, can be made into multiple fiber optics components and parts, for example, the joints of optical fibre are exactly that the end face that the transversal of optical fiber formed carries out rubbing down, reach two fiber end faces to connect efficiently, reduce the purpose of junction loss effectively.Indication optical fiber of the present invention is to be made by quartz, and fibre core and cladding structure are arranged, and is used for the optical fiber of optic communication and light sensing.It is very crisp, and its overall diameter has only 125 microns, and this just makes its process technology more complex more than general optics processing method.For example, joints of optical fibre rubbing down method is earlier treated end face that exactly the optical fiber of rubbing down fixes with earthenware, fiber end face is placed with earthenware carry out rubbing down processing on the commercial fiber end face polishing and burnishing machine again.
Usually, the fibre cladding of adequate thickness has guaranteed the light field propagated in fibre core, and the energy of evanescent wave field can not leak into outside of fiber in fibre cladding.Be reduced to the zone that the evanescent wave field exists when the method with rubbing down or chemical attack makes the cladding thickness of optical fiber, just apart from fibre core only during several microns regional, just formed " the leakage window " of the evanescent wave field of transmission light in the fibre core.As shown in Figure 1.
Locate at this " window ", people just might utilize that evanscent field excites, the harmless propagation or the leakage of the transmission light wave in the control, detection optical fiber fibre core.Principle or make optical fiber evanscent field device or optical fiber evanscent field sensor thus.
Because chemical corrosion method is difficult to this " leakage window " shape of control, at present more is to adopt the method for side rubbing down to remove the part fibre cladding, just makes side rubbing down optical fiber.Side rubbing down optical fiber is exactly on common communications optical fiber, utilizes the little rubbing down process technology of optics, and columniform fibre cladding rubbing down is fallen the made optical fiber of a part.
Though the utilization to evanscent field in the waveguide realizes on integrated optical waveguide and D type optical fiber already, the side rubbing down optical fibre device tangible speciality of having compared with them:
● low cost; Particularly compare with fiber grating.
● the zone to the evanscent field utilization can artificially be controlled;
● the insertion loss that the device of making is extremely low (＜0.5dB);
● minimum Polarization Dependent Loss (＜0.02dB);
● back-reflection minimum (＜-50dB);
● be easy to and the fibre system welding.
Make and to utilize side rubbing down optical fiber to construct novel full optical fibre device and the multifunctional light fiber sensor has become one of effective way of research and development.
The method of making side rubbing down optical fiber at present mainly contains two.One is optical fiber side arc shaped groove matrix rubbing down method: the method sees " Singlemode fibre optic directional coupler " (R.A.Bergh, G.Kotler, H.J.Shaw the earliest; Electronic Letters.1980, Vol.16pp260-261.) the method is that optical fiber is fixed on glue on the glass matrix of opening arc shaped groove above one, then with optical fiber therewith matrix on commercial optics polishing and burnishing machine, grind together.Its shortcoming is wanted to open arc shaped groove earlier on the glass matrix exactly, and every rubbing down optical fiber all needs an arc shaped groove matrix of newly holding successfully.In addition, fix this optical fiber, after rubbing down finishes, as think miniaturized device, dissolve epoxy glue with other chemical solvent again with epoxy glue.This is that a cost is higher, wastes time and energy the method that yield rate is lower.
At above-mentioned defective, produced the wheeled rubbing down method of optical fiber side.It is at " Optical fibre polishing with a motor-driven polishing wheel " (C.D.Hussey, J.D.Minelly that the method early sees report; Electronics Letters.1988, Vol.24, No.13 pp805-807.) the method places optical fiber on the swiveling wheel, after adding grinding agent on the wheel, the side rubbing down of optical fiber can be gone a part.According to this principle, people such as the REHMAN SAEED SYED of Britain have applied for manufacturing patent " APPARATUSAND METHOD FOR ABRADING OPTICAL FIBRE " (WO0049439).This patent has provided the device and the corresponding process of specifically carrying out optical fiber side rubbing down with the method.This patent has mainly been described and has been used the online detection of electrooptical device to treat to monitor the rubbing down process by the attenuation of light in the optical fiber of rubbing down, has also described and has utilized stay pipe that polarization maintaining optical fibre is applied the apparatus and method that lateral stress is carried out polarization-preserving fiber axis fixing.This method has following major defect:
(1) apply axial tensile force in order to treat rubbing down optical fiber in the device of optical fiber side rubbing down, hanging a weight with a rope, this makes the monitoring that can not apply tension force in actual rubbing down.This method that hangs weight also is unfavorable for the The Automation Design of polishing and grinding apparatus in addition.
(2) device of used monitoring emery wheel rotating speed is to block infrared light with the chopper that is carved with the sky bar on the dish of garden, is proportional to the pulse signal of rotating speed with generation.Also just monitoring herein also will go to command other instrument control emery wheel rotating speed of motor with this signal again.Volume is bigger owing to the existence of this emery wheel monitoring and control device for this device, and can not preestablish the different rotating speeds of emery wheel in the stage of different rubbing down optical fiber.
(3) described polarization-preserving fiber axis fixing method and impracticable.Polarization maintaining optical fibre is a class special optical fiber, often is applied to Fibre Optical Sensor and coherent light communication field.Polarization maintaining optical fibre can make the propagation constant of two orthogonal light of polarization state that transmit in the optical fiber differ greatly, thereby makes that the coupling between these two polarization modes is very little.Usually the stress that the method that adopts change ordinary optic fibre cross-sectional structure to distribute is introduced in the fiber core artificially is asymmetric.The stress axis orientation that the asymmetric minimum and maximum orientation of this stress is exactly a polarization maintaining optical fibre.When making the polarization maintaining optical fibre device, need to determine earlier the orientation of the stress axis of polarization maintaining optical fibre.The dead axle of usually said polarization maintaining optical fibre is exactly the orientation of determining the stress axis of polarization maintaining optical fibre section.Described by patent (WO0049439), expect the location of the stress axis of more accurate polarization maintaining optical fibre, the diameter of this stay pipe must be very little, be about 1-2 millimeters, so thin stay pipe is difficult to be placed on the emery wheel, particularly when the emery wheel diameter is 10 or 20 millimeters (this is the size that can use in practicality), difficult the installation, and when the spin fiber dead axle, stay pipe is tumbled, thereby can't finish the dead axle of polarization maintaining optical fibre.
In sum, also do not have at present a kind of can be when polarization maintaining optical fibre be carried out the side rubbing down online real-time testing and the apparatus and method in proof stress axle orientation.And in the actual application, need the orientation of on-line testing and proof stress axle, to improve the device quality and the efficient of side rubbing down polarization maintaining optical fibre.
Summary of the invention
For solving the above-mentioned defective of prior art, the invention provides a kind of optical fiber side polishing and grinding apparatus, comprise device that polarization maintaining optical fibre is carried out dead axle and side rubbing down and device to the side rubbing down of ordinary optic fibre, and corresponding process.
Optical fiber side polishing and grinding apparatus of the present invention comprises base plate, is used for fixing with two anchor clamps platforms of bearing fiber, the emery wheel platform support that detachable emery wheel is installed, ccd video camera, ccd detector, monitors light source and light power meter in order to the rubbing down of the monitoring rubbing down degree of depth in the rubbing down process.
A described anchor clamps platform is directly fixed on the base plate, is fixed fiber anchor clamps platform, and another anchor clamps platform is placed on the guide rail, and guide rail is fixed on the base plate, and this anchor clamps platform is removable fiber clamp platform.
Be separately installed with one group of dismountable fiber clamp on described two anchor clamps platforms, the rubbing down section of grip optical fiber is also evened up it directly; When anchor clamps are accurate spin fiber anchor clamps, drive by rotating stepper motor, can finish the dead axle and the side rubbing down of polarization maintaining optical fibre; When anchor clamps are dull and stereotyped fiber clamp, can finish the side rubbing down of ordinary optic fibre; Accurate spin fiber anchor clamps on the anchor clamps platform and rotating stepper motor can exchange with dull and stereotyped fiber clamp, to adapt to the different requirements of polarization maintaining optical fibre or ordinary optic fibre side rubbing down.This makes this device both guarantee precision to polarization-preserving fiber axis fixing also to have made things convenient for the side rubbing down to ordinary optic fibre.
Be mounted with tension control system in the described removable fiber clamp platform, the size of the axial tensile force that is applied on this system's real-time testing optical fiber, and control and drive this anchor clamps platform and move horizontally along guide rail, optical fiber between two fiber clamps is stretched, to adding predetermined axial tensile force on the optical fiber.
Moving structure for removable fiber clamp platform, a kind of preferable design is: be mounted with walking gear driven by stepper motors in the described removable fiber clamp platform, described guide rail side has tooth bar, walking gear engagement in this tooth bar and the removable fiber clamp platform is moved removable fiber clamp platform along continuous straight runs.Guide rail in the device in the past is level and smooth guide rail, hangs the thing that heavily hangs down the anchor clamps platform is moved.Can not realize automatic control.Use gear guide, the anchor clamps platform can be moved the control of control and tension force and carry out in the lump.
For tension control system, a kind of preferable design is: described tension control system is made up of optical fiber tension pick-up and walking gear control section, tension pick-up touches the optical fiber that is applied with tension force, suffered tension force on the optical fiber is induced, pass to the walking gear control section, on guide rail, move horizontally the tension force of finally controlling on the optical fiber to be applied to drive walking gear.
Described emery wheel platform support is fixed on the base plate, and the emery wheel platform is placed on the emery wheel platform support, supports emery wheel and rotaty step motor; Lifting motor is fixed on the base plate, utilizes drive screw that the emery wheel platform is moved up and down along emery wheel platform support.
On the turning cylinder of the rotaty step motor that described emery wheel is fixing coaxially, but demolition and change the emery wheel of different size, different materials; Be fixed with pouncing paper or polishing paper on the emery wheel.The combination of emery wheel and rotaty step motor can move forward and backward, and perhaps moves up and down along emery wheel platform support with the emery wheel platform.
Rotaty step motor is fixed on the emery wheel platform, rotates in order to drive emery wheel, carries out the side rubbing down of optical fiber.The rotating speed of this rotaty step motor is designed in advance, can control it and carry out different rubbing down processes.One section optical fiber for the treatment of rubbing down below emery wheel has been peelled off protective layer.
Described ccd video camera is placed in the top of the fiber segment for the treatment of rubbing down; Ccd detector is placed in above the base plate, and light source is placed in the base plate bottom surface, but the two along continuous straight runs move left and right all, to adapt to the dead axle of optical fiber when straight or the dead axle during rubbing down.
When emery wheel is mobile backward perpendicular to emery wheel platform support, in ccd video camera, can observes optical fiber and treat the axial transmission image of rubbing down section under light illumination; Standard picture in this axial image and the database is compared, can determine the orientation and the angle of stress axis in this section polarization maintaining optical fibre; This orientation and angle information are offered the control system of rotating stepper motor, can fiber axis be an axle spin fiber just, and the stress axis of this polarization maintaining optical fibre section places preassigned orientation the most at last.
In the middle of the described ccd detector hole is arranged, make the light of light source not shine fiber segment with being stopped, before optical fiber side rubbing down or in the rubbing down process, receive the backscattering image of polarization maintaining optical fibre rubbing down section under the light source irradiation; Before optical fiber side rubbing down, ccd detector provides the orientation and the angle information of stress axis in this section polarization maintaining optical fibre with ccd video camera, with the control rotating stepper motor; In optical fiber side rubbing down process, ccd detector provides the orientation and the angle information of stress axis separately, and the control rotating stepper motor is to correct in the rubbing down process influence to the distorting stress axle of optical fiber.
Described light source is used to provide the lighting source of the transmission image of ccd video camera imaging polarization maintaining optical fibre section, and irradiation polarization maintaining optical fibre section also is provided, and produces the light source of back-scattering light.There is not this class dead axle light source in this type of device in the past.This light source is preferably the visible light LASER Light Source.
Described ccd detector is preferably the line array CCD detector.
The output of described rubbing down monitoring light source is connected with an end of optical fiber, in the infrared light injection fibre with output, in order to monitor the degree of depth of rubbing down with light power meter in the rubbing down process.
The input of described light power meter is connected with the other end of optical fiber, receives the light through optical fiber and rubbing down section thereof that sends from rubbing down monitoring light source.Because optical fiber side rubbing down dark more is bigger to the decay of transmission light, so light power meter measures the variation of transmission light through the luminous power of optical fiber rubbing down section, can obtain the information of the rubbing down degree of depth.
Polarization maintaining optical fibre side rubbing down process of the present invention may further comprise the steps:
A) two accurate spin fiber anchor clamps and rotating stepper motor are placed in respectively on fixed fiber anchor clamps platform and the removable fiber clamp platform together;
B) protective layer at one section at optical fiber middle part is peelled off, and after evening up it directly, again two ends are clamped to respectively on two accurate spin fiber anchor clamps that drive by rotating stepper motor;
C) to carry out dead axle operation before the side rubbing down to polarization maintaining optical fibre, after the stress axis of polarization maintaining optical fibre is determined well, emery wheel and rotaty step motor are moved forward perpendicular to emery wheel platform support on the emery wheel platform, make that having on the emery wheel part of pouncing paper to be positioned at peels off protective layer, and reserved the top of the polarization maintaining optical fibre section of axle; Ccd detector and light source are moved to the emery wheel below, so that carry out real-time dead axle;
D) utilize programmable tension control system, the size of the axial tensile force that on optical fiber, applies of test, and control removable fiber clamp platform and on guide rail, move horizontally, to adding predetermined axial tensile force on the optical fiber;
E) under the driving of lifting motor, the emery wheel platform is moved down along emery wheel platform support, cause the pouncing paper on the emery wheel to contact the fiber segment for the treatment of the side rubbing down, this moment, tension control system was still controlled the translation on guide rail of removable fiber clamp platform, to guarantee applying predetermined tension force on optical fiber;
F) according to the rotating speed control program of predefined rotaty step motor, the optical fiber that is added with lapping liquid is carried out the side rubbing down; During the side rubbing down, can utilize the method for back-scattering light to come real-time dead axle; During the side rubbing down, one of optical fiber terminates on the rubbing down monitoring light source, and the other end is connected on the light power meter; When the loss of detected light energy reaches the predetermined value of prior design on the side rubbing down owing to optical fiber makes light power meter, stop to grind, move on the emery wheel platform, emery wheel leaves fiber segment; The degree of depth of the milling zone of the side rubbing down optical fiber of this moment has just reached designing requirement.
After finishing described step F, can use precise polished paper instead on emery wheel, the control rotaty step motor carries out polishing process to the optical fiber rubbing down district that is ground to projected depth.
Among the described step C, the dead axle operation before the side rubbing down is mainly the side-looking dead axle, may further comprise the steps:
A) emery wheel and rotaty step motor are moved backward perpendicular to emery wheel platform support on the emery wheel platform, ccd video camera is placed the fiber segment top for the treatment of rubbing down, ccd detector and light source are moved to the fiber segment below for the treatment of rubbing down, the light that lighting source is sent has been peelled off one section optical fiber of protective layer in the clear from the below illumination, be imaged on the ccd video camera then; Because the transparent characteristic of optical fiber, the image of the axial distribution of polarization maintaining optical fibre just will be imaged on the ccd video camera; Utilize image processing techniques, can clearly see the fibre core and the stressed zone part of optical fiber;
B) stress axis of polarization maintaining optical fibre is when different orientation, the fiber core on the observed axial image of this side-looking and the position of stressed zone part and brightness are different, utilize two accurate spin fiber anchor clamps, with optical fiber axially is central shaft, accurately control spin fiber gradually with rotating stepper motor, thereby according to the optical fiber side elevation image that is become, the stress axis of this polarization maintaining optical fibre section places preassigned orientation the most at last;
When the side-looking dead axle carries out, can carry out back-scattering light method dead axle, these two kinds of methods are carried out dead axle with complementing one another;
Described back-scattering light method dead axle may further comprise the steps:
A branch of light laser that light source is sent produces back-scattering light from the side of optical fiber when side shines on the optical fiber; The symmetry of the distribution pattern of the scattered light that penetrates dorsad from the polarization maintaining optical fibre side is relevant with how much symmetrical structures of polarization maintaining optical fibre fibre core and covering, thereby just relevant in the orientation in space with the stress axis of polarization maintaining optical fibre; According to the distribution pattern of this back-scattering light and the corresponding relation of Stress Profile for Polarization-Maintaining axle, can judge the stress axis orientation of polarization maintaining optical fibre from the symmetric variation of the distribution pattern of back-scattering light; Pattern on the test ccd detector is determined its symmetric variation; Controlling the rotating stepper motor of accurate spin fiber anchor clamps, is axle rotation polarization maintaining optical fibre with the fiber axis, finds the orientation of the stress axis of polarization maintaining optical fibre.
In the step F of side rubbing down process, adopt the method for measuring polarization maintaining optical fibre side back-scattering light to carry out real-time dead axle, may further comprise the steps: when pushing down under the emery wheel when treating rubbing down fiber segment, laser lighting light the back-scattering light that produces on the optical fiber with below ccd detector on produce the pattern of the back-scattering light relevant with the polarization maintaining optical fibre cross-sectional structure; Pattern on the real-time testing ccd detector determines that whether its symmetry changes; As change, be exactly due to the variation of stress axis, so, control the rotating stepper motor of accurate spin fiber anchor clamps, be an axle rotation polarization maintaining optical fibre with the fiber axis, to be corrected in the change in the stress axis orientation of reversing generation of polarization maintaining optical fibre in the side rubbing down process.
Ordinary optic fibre side rubbing down process of the present invention may further comprise the steps:
A) but the dull and stereotyped fiber clamp of two opening and closing is placed in respectively on fixed fiber anchor clamps platform and the removable fiber clamp platform;
B) protective layer at one section at optical fiber middle part is peelled off, and after evening up it directly, two ends are clamped on two dull and stereotyped fiber clamps respectively again;
C) emery wheel and rotaty step motor are moved forward perpendicular to emery wheel platform support on the emery wheel platform, making has on the emery wheel part of pouncing paper to be positioned at the top of the fiber segment of peelling off protective layer;
D) utilize programmable tension control system, the size of the axial tensile force that on optical fiber, applies of test, and control removable fiber clamp platform and on guide rail, move horizontally, to adding predetermined axial tensile force on the optical fiber;
E) under the driving of lifting motor, the emery wheel platform is moved down along emery wheel platform support, cause the pouncing paper on the emery wheel to contact the fiber segment for the treatment of the side rubbing down, this moment, tension control system was still controlled the translation on guide rail of removable fiber clamp platform, to guarantee applying predetermined tension force on optical fiber;
F) according to the rotating speed control program of predefined rotaty step motor, the optical fiber that is added with lapping liquid is carried out the side rubbing down; During the side rubbing down, one of optical fiber terminates on the rubbing down monitoring light source, and the other end is connected on the light power meter; When the loss of detected light energy reaches the predetermined value of prior design on the side rubbing down owing to optical fiber makes light power meter, stop to grind, move on the emery wheel platform, emery wheel leaves fiber segment; The degree of depth of the milling zone of the side rubbing down optical fiber of this moment has just reached designing requirement.
After finishing described step F, can use precise polished paper instead on emery wheel, the control rotaty step motor carries out polishing process to the optical fiber rubbing down district that is ground to projected depth.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:
(1) optical fiber of in the past treating the side rubbing down with the method that hangs weight from above applies the method for axial stress, makes to carry out the monitoring that applies tension force in the actual rubbing down, also is unfavorable for the The Automation Design of polishing and grinding apparatus.As shown in Figure 4, the present invention adopts tension control system 5, the size of the axial tensile force that is applied on the real-time testing optical fiber 12, and control removable fiber clamp platform 3 and on guide rail 11, move horizontally, to adding predetermined axial tensile force on the optical fiber.This has just realized applying the automatic control of axial tensile force.Both carry out real-time monitoring, carried out the automatic control of tension force again.
(2) device of used in the past monitoring emery wheel rotating speed is to block infrared light (patent WO0049439) with the chopper that is carved with the sky bar on the dish of garden, is proportional to the pulse signal of rotating speed with generation.Also just monitoring herein also will go to command other instrument control emery wheel rotating speed of motor with this signal again.Volume is bigger owing to the existence of emery wheel monitoring and control device for this device, and can not preestablish the different rotating speeds of emery wheel in the stage of different rubbing down optical fiber.As shown in Figure 4, the present invention adopts rotaty step motor to drive emery wheel 7, because stepper motor can accurately control its rotating speed, but also the whole rubbing down process of programming Control in advance, make emery wheel use no rotating speed, to improve the quality of products and efficient in the different phase of rubbing down optical fiber.Volume is also less in addition.
(3) the described polarization-preserving fiber axis fixing method of patent WO0049439 and impracticable.Described by this patent, expect the location of the stress axis of more accurate polarization maintaining optical fibre, the diameter of this stay pipe must be very little, be about 1-2 millimeters, so thin stay pipe is difficult to be placed on the emery wheel, particularly when the emery wheel diameter is 10 or 20 millimeters (this is the size that can use in practicality), difficult the installation, and when the spin fiber dead axle, stay pipe is tumbled, thereby can't finish the dead axle of polarization maintaining optical fibre.The present invention adopts polarization maintaining optical fibre side-looking dead axle technology and back-scattering light dead axle technology dead axle before rubbing down simultaneously, as Fig. 4, shown in Figure 8.This has greatly improved the precision of polarization-preserving fiber axis fixing.And utilize ripe image processing techniques to determine the position of Stress Profile for Polarization-Maintaining axle, and realize the automation of dead axle easily, improve the speed of dead axle.
(4) adopt dismountable two groups of anchor clamps from the anchor clamps platform: accurate spin fiber anchor clamps and rotation drive dead axle and the side rubbing down that stepper motor is finished polarization maintaining optical fibre; Plate jig is finished the side rubbing down of ordinary optic fibre.This had both guaranteed the precision of polarization-preserving fiber axis fixing, had also made things convenient for the side rubbing down to ordinary optic fibre.
(5) device does not in the past all carry out the real-time testing and the control of the stress axis in the side rubbing down process to polarization maintaining optical fibre.As see that Fig. 4, Fig. 6, shown in Figure 8, the present invention adopt polarization maintaining optical fibre side scattered light dead axle method dead axle when polarization maintaining optical fibre is carried out the side rubbing down, improve dead axle measuring accuracy and speed with the symmetry of analyzing real-time scattered light pattern.And can carry out the correction that the stress axis orientation changes in real time, greatly improved the quality and the efficient of product.
(6) the wheeled rubbing down method of optical fiber side in the past all is that optical fiber is positioned on the emery wheel from the top.As Fig. 6 or shown in Figure 7, the present invention laterally is pressed in optical fiber on from the top emery wheel, can make the laser lighting light source 10 that is positioned at the polishing and grinding apparatus bottom both as the lighting source of ccd video camera 6, horizontal transillumination optical fiber, again as the lighting source of back-scattering light, laterally irradiation optical fiber produces back-scattering light.Particularly in the process of rubbing down optical fiber, can not blocked, still can be used as the light source that produces back-scattering light by emery wheel.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is that optical fiber is by the schematic diagram of side rubbing down.Wherein scheming a is that optical fiber is by the cross sectional representation of rubbing down part.Figure b is the side schematic view of optical fiber.
Fig. 2 is the axial transmission image of observed PANDA polarization maintaining optical fibre under light illumination.
Fig. 3 is that speed is V=80 rev/min, and the acceleration time is 20 seconds, the V-T curve map of the rotaty step motor 8 of timing T=30 second.
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of optical fiber side polishing and grinding apparatus to polarization maintaining optical fibre dead axle before carrying out the side rubbing down.
Fig. 5 is that emery wheel and motor move horizontally the schematic diagram that the motor-driven drive screw makes the emery wheel platform move up and down along emery wheel platform support along the direction perpendicular to emery wheel platform support on the emery wheel platform.
Fig. 6 is optical fiber side polishing and grinding apparatus carries out side rubbing down process to polarization maintaining optical fibre a schematic diagram.
Fig. 7 is optical fiber side polishing and grinding apparatus carries out side rubbing down process to ordinary optic fibre a schematic diagram.
Fig. 8 is the pattern of the back-scattering light that produces on optical fiber of laser lighting light.This pattern is relevant with the polarization maintaining optical fibre cross-sectional structure.
Fig. 9 is the sample drawing of PANDA polarization maintaining optical fibre side rubbing down.A figure is a PANDA polarization maintaining optical fibre shape of cross section photo.B figure is the photo of the PANDA polarization maintaining optical fibre cross section after rubbing down is finished, and C figure is the longitudinal cross-section photo of side rubbing down PANDA polarization maintaining optical fibre.
The specific embodiment
Optical fiber side polishing and grinding apparatus of the present invention, as Fig. 4, Fig. 5, Fig. 6, shown in Figure 7, comprise base plate 1, be used for fixing, monitor light source 14 and light power meter 15 in order to the rubbing down of the monitoring rubbing down degree of depth in the rubbing down process with two anchor clamps platforms of bearing fiber, the emery wheel platform support 18 that detachable emery wheel 7 is installed, ccd video camera 6, ccd detector 9.
A described anchor clamps platform is directly fixed on the base plate 1, is fixed fiber anchor clamps platform 2, and another anchor clamps platform is placed on the guide rail 11, and guide rail 11 is fixed on the base plate 1, and this anchor clamps platform is removable fiber clamp platform 3.
Be separately installed with one group of dismountable fiber clamp on described two anchor clamps platforms, the rubbing down section of grip optical fiber is also evened up it directly; When anchor clamps are accurate spin fiber anchor clamps 4, drive by rotating stepper motor 13, can finish the dead axle and the side rubbing down of polarization maintaining optical fibre; When anchor clamps are dull and stereotyped fiber clamp 19, can finish the side rubbing down of ordinary optic fibre; Accurate spin fiber anchor clamps 4 on the anchor clamps platform and rotating stepper motor 13 can exchange with dull and stereotyped fiber clamp 19, to adapt to the different requirements of polarization maintaining optical fibre or ordinary optic fibre side rubbing down, as Fig. 6 and shown in Figure 7.This makes this device both guarantee precision to polarization-preserving fiber axis fixing also to have made things convenient for the side rubbing down to ordinary optic fibre.
Be mounted with tension control system 5 in the described removable fiber clamp platform 3, the size of the axial tensile force that is applied on this system's real-time testing optical fiber 12, and control and drive this anchor clamps platform and move horizontally along guide rail 11, optical fiber between two fiber clamps 12 is stretched, give on the optical fiber 12 and add predetermined axial tensile force.
Moving structure for removable fiber clamp platform 3, a kind of preferable design is: be mounted with walking gear driven by stepper motors (not drawing in the drawings) in the described removable fiber clamp platform 3, described guide rail 11 sides have tooth bar, walking gear engagement in this tooth bar and the removable fiber clamp platform 3 is moved removable fiber clamp platform 3 along continuous straight runs.Guide rail in the device in the past is level and smooth guide rail, hangs the thing that heavily hangs down the anchor clamps platform is moved.Can not realize automatic control.Use gear guide 11, the anchor clamps platform can be moved the control of control and tension force and carry out in the lump.
For tension control system 5, a kind of preferable design is: described tension control system 5 is made up of optical fiber tension pick-up and walking gear control section, tension pick-up touches the optical fiber that is applied with tension force, suffered tension force on the optical fiber is induced, pass to the walking gear control section, on guide rail 11, move horizontally the tension force of finally controlling on the optical fiber to be applied to drive walking gear.
Described emery wheel platform support 18 is fixed on the base plate 1, and emery wheel platform 16 is placed on the emery wheel platform support 18, supports emery wheel 7 and rotaty step motor 8; Lifting motor 17 is fixed on the base plate 1, utilizes drive screw 20 that emery wheel platform 16 is moved up and down along emery wheel platform support 18.
On the turning cylinder of the rotaty step motor 8 that described emery wheel 7 is fixing coaxially, but demolition and change the emery wheel 7 of different size, different materials; Be fixed with pouncing paper or polishing paper on the emery wheel 7.The combination of emery wheel 7 and rotaty step motor 8 can move forward and backward, and perhaps moves up and down along emery wheel platform support 18 with emery wheel platform 16, as shown in Figure 5.
Rotaty step motor 8 is fixed on the emery wheel platform 16, rotates in order to drive emery wheel 7, carries out the side rubbing down of optical fiber 12.The rotating speed of this rotaty step motor 8 is designed in advance, can control it and carry out different rubbing down processes.One section optical fiber 12 for the treatment of rubbing down below emery wheel 7 has been peelled off protective layer.
Described ccd video camera 6 is placed in the top of the fiber segment for the treatment of rubbing down; Ccd detector 9 is placed in above the base plate 1, and light source 10 is placed in base plate 1 bottom surface, but the two along continuous straight runs move left and right all, to adapt to the dead axle (as shown in Figure 4) of optical fiber when straight or the dead axle (as shown in Figure 6) during rubbing down.
When emery wheel 7 is mobile backward perpendicular to emery wheel platform support 18, in ccd video camera 6, can observes optical fiber and treat the axial transmission image of rubbing down section under light illumination, the axial transmission image of PANDA polarization maintaining optical fibre as shown in Figure 2.Standard picture in this axial image and the database is compared, can determine the orientation and the angle of stress axis in this section polarization maintaining optical fibre; This orientation and angle information are offered the control system of rotating stepper motor 13, can fiber axis be an axle spin fiber just, and the stress axis of this polarization maintaining optical fibre section places preassigned orientation the most at last.
In the middle of the described ccd detector 9 hole is arranged, make the light of light source 10 can not shine fiber segment with being stopped, before optical fiber side rubbing down or in the rubbing down process, receive the backscattering image of polarization maintaining optical fibre rubbing down section under light source 10 irradiations, as the diagram in two rings among Fig. 4 and Fig. 6; Before optical fiber side rubbing down, ccd detector 9 provides the orientation and the angle information of stress axis in this section polarization maintaining optical fibre with ccd video camera 6, with control rotating stepper motor 13, as shown in Figure 4; In optical fiber side rubbing down process, ccd detector 9 provides the orientation and the angle information of stress axis separately, and control rotating stepper motor 13 is to correct in the rubbing down process influence to the distorting stress axle of optical fiber, as shown in Figure 6.
Described light source 10 is used to provide the lighting source of the transmission image of ccd video camera 6 imaging polarization maintaining optical fibre sections, and irradiation polarization maintaining optical fibre section also is provided, and produces the light source of back-scattering light.There is not this class dead axle light source in this type of device in the past.This light source 10 is preferably the visible light LASER Light Source.
Described ccd detector 9 is preferably line array CCD detector 9.
The output of described rubbing down monitoring light source 14 is connected with an end of optical fiber, in the infrared light injection fibre with output, in order to monitor the degree of depth of rubbing down with light power meter 15 in the rubbing down process.
The input of described light power meter 15 is connected with the other end of optical fiber, receives the light through optical fiber and rubbing down section thereof that sends from rubbing down monitoring light source 14.Because optical fiber side rubbing down dark more is bigger to the decay of transmission light, so light power meter 15 measures the variation of transmission light through the luminous power of optical fiber rubbing down section, just can obtain the information of the rubbing down degree of depth.
Polarization maintaining optical fibre side rubbing down process of the present invention as Fig. 4, shown in Figure 6, may further comprise the steps:
A, two accurate spin fiber anchor clamps 4 and rotating stepper motor 13 are placed in respectively on fixed fiber anchor clamps platform 2 and the removable fiber clamp platform 3 together;
B, the protective layer at one section at optical fiber 12 middle parts is peelled off, and with its even up straight after, again two ends are clamped to respectively on two accurate spin fiber anchor clamps 4 that drive by rotating stepper motor 13;
C, to carry out dead axle operation before the side rubbing down to polarization maintaining optical fibre, after the stress axis of polarization maintaining optical fibre is determined well, emery wheel 7 and rotaty step motor 8 are moved forward perpendicular to emery wheel platform support 18 on emery wheel platform 16, make that having on the emery wheel 7 part of pouncing paper to be positioned at peels off protective layer, and reserved the top of the polarization maintaining optical fibre section of axle; Ccd detector 9 and light source 10 are moved to emery wheel 7 belows, so that carry out real-time dead axle, as shown in Figure 6.This moment is because the fiber segment for the treatment of rubbing down has been can't see in blocking of emery wheel on the ccd video camera 6;
D, utilize programmable tension control system 5, the size of the axial tensile force that test applies on optical fiber 12, and control removable fiber clamp platform 3 and on guide rail 11, move horizontally, give on the optical fiber 12 and add predetermined axial tensile force;
E, under the driving of lifting motor 17, emery wheel platform 16 is moved down along emery wheel platform support 18, cause the pouncing paper on the emery wheel 7 to contact the fiber segment for the treatment of the side rubbing down, this moment, tension control system 5 was still controlled the translation on guide rail 11 of removable fiber clamp platform 3, to guarantee applying predetermined tension force on optical fiber 12;
F, according to the rotating speed control program of predefined rotaty step motor 8, the optical fiber that is added with lapping liquid is carried out the side rubbing down; For example: Fig. 3 is that speed is V=80 rev/min, and the acceleration time is 20 seconds, and V-T curve map of timing T=30 second has provided the example of rotaty step motor rotating speed control.During the side rubbing down, can utilize the method for back-scattering light to come real-time dead axle; During the side rubbing down, one of optical fiber terminates on the rubbing down monitoring light source 14, and the other end is connected on the light power meter 15; When the loss of detected light energy reaches the predetermined value of prior design on the side rubbing down owing to optical fiber makes light power meter 15, stop to grind, move on the emery wheel platform 16, emery wheel 7 leaves fiber segment; The degree of depth of the milling zone of the side rubbing down optical fiber of this moment has just reached designing requirement.
After finishing described step F, can use precise polished paper instead on emery wheel 7, control rotaty step motor 8 carries out polishing process to the optical fiber rubbing down district that is ground to projected depth.
Among the described step C, the dead axle operation before the side rubbing down as shown in Figure 4, is mainly the side-looking dead axle, may further comprise the steps:
A, emery wheel 7 and rotaty step motor 8 is mobile backward perpendicular to emery wheel platform support 18 on emery wheel platform 16, ccd video camera 6 is placed the fiber segment top for the treatment of rubbing down, ccd detector 9 and light source 10 are moved to the fiber segment below for the treatment of rubbing down, the light that lighting source is sent has been peelled off one section optical fiber of protective layer in the clear from the below illumination, be imaged on then on the ccd video camera 6; Because the transparent characteristic of optical fiber, the image of the axial distribution of polarization maintaining optical fibre just will be imaged on the ccd video camera 6; Utilize image processing techniques, can clearly see the fibre core and the stressed zone part of optical fiber, as the axial image in two opal districts of PANDA optical fiber among Fig. 2;
The stress axis of B, polarization maintaining optical fibre is when different orientation, the fiber core on the observed axial image of this side-looking and the position of stressed zone part and brightness are different, utilize two accurate spin fiber anchor clamps 4, with optical fiber axially is central shaft, accurately control spin fiber gradually with rotating stepper motor 13, thereby according to the optical fiber side elevation image that is become, the stress axis of this polarization maintaining optical fibre section places preassigned orientation the most at last;
When the side-looking dead axle carries out, can carry out back-scattering light method dead axle, these two kinds of methods are carried out dead axle with complementing one another;
Described back-scattering light method dead axle as shown in Figure 4, may further comprise the steps:
A branch of light laser that light source 10 is sent produces back-scattering light from the side of optical fiber, as shown in Figure 8 when side shines on the optical fiber; The symmetry (as shown in Figure 8) of the distribution pattern of the scattered light that penetrates dorsad from the polarization maintaining optical fibre side is relevant with how much symmetrical structures of polarization maintaining optical fibre fibre core and covering, thereby just relevant in the orientation in space with the stress axis of polarization maintaining optical fibre; According to the distribution pattern of this back-scattering light and the corresponding relation of Stress Profile for Polarization-Maintaining axle, can judge the stress axis orientation of polarization maintaining optical fibre from the symmetric variation of the distribution pattern of back-scattering light; Pattern on the test ccd detector 9 is determined its symmetric variation; Controlling the rotating stepper motor 13 of accurate spin fiber anchor clamps 4, is axle rotation polarization maintaining optical fibre with the fiber axis, finds the orientation of the stress axis of polarization maintaining optical fibre.As shown in Figure 8.
In the step F of side rubbing down process, adopt the method for measuring polarization maintaining optical fibre side back-scattering light to carry out real-time dead axle, as shown in Figure 6, may further comprise the steps: when emery wheel is pushed down for 7 times when treating rubbing down fiber segment, laser lighting light the back-scattering light that produces on the optical fiber with below ccd detector 9 on produce the pattern of the back-scattering light relevant with the polarization maintaining optical fibre cross-sectional structure, as shown in Figure 8; Pattern on the real-time testing ccd detector 9 determines that whether its symmetry changes; As change, be exactly due to the variation of stress axis, so, control the rotating stepper motor 13 of accurate spin fiber anchor clamps 4, be an axle rotation polarization maintaining optical fibre with the fiber axis, to be corrected in the change in the stress axis orientation of reversing generation of polarization maintaining optical fibre in the side rubbing down process.
Ordinary optic fibre side rubbing down process of the present invention as shown in Figure 7, may further comprise the steps:
A, but the dull and stereotyped fiber clamp 19 of two opening and closing is placed in respectively on fixed fiber anchor clamps platform 2 and the removable fiber clamp platform 3;
B, the protective layer at one section at optical fiber 12 middle parts is peelled off, and with its even up straight after, again two ends are clamped on two dull and stereotyped fiber clamps 19 respectively;
C, emery wheel 7 and rotaty step motor 8 are moved forward perpendicular to emery wheel platform support 18 on emery wheel platform 16, making has on the emery wheel 7 part of pouncing paper to be positioned at the top of the fiber segment of peelling off protective layer;
D, utilize programmable tension control system 5, the size of the axial tensile force that test applies on optical fiber, and control removable fiber clamp platform 3 and on guide rail 11, move horizontally, give on the optical fiber 12 and add predetermined axial tensile force;
E, under the driving of lifting motor 17, emery wheel platform 16 is moved down along emery wheel platform support 18, cause the pouncing paper on the emery wheel 7 to contact the fiber segment for the treatment of the side rubbing down, this moment, tension control system 5 was still controlled the translation on guide rail 11 of removable fiber clamp platform 3, to guarantee on optical fiber, applying predetermined tension force, as shown in Figure 6;
F, according to the rotating speed control program of predefined rotaty step motor 8, the optical fiber that is added with lapping liquid is carried out the side rubbing down; During the side rubbing down, one of optical fiber terminates on the rubbing down monitoring light source 14, and the other end is connected on the light power meter 15; When the loss of detected light energy reaches the predetermined value of prior design on the side rubbing down owing to optical fiber makes light power meter, stop to grind, move on the emery wheel platform 16, emery wheel 7 leaves fiber segment; The degree of depth of the milling zone of the side rubbing down optical fiber of this moment has just reached designing requirement.
After finishing described step F, can use precise polished paper instead on emery wheel 7, control rotaty step motor 8 carries out polishing process to the optical fiber rubbing down district that is ground to projected depth.
Select the PANDA polarization maintaining optical fibre for use, its shape of cross section is like the panda face, shown in A figure among Fig. 9.
Earlier two accurate spin fiber anchor clamps 4 and stepper motor 13 are placed in respectively on fixed fiber anchor clamps platform 2 and the removable fiber clamp platform 3 together.Again the protective layer at one section at PANDA optical fiber 12 middle parts is peelled off, with its even up straight after, two ends are clamped to respectively on two accurate spin fiber anchor clamps 4, as shown in Figure 4 again.Emery wheel 7 and rotaty step motor 8 are moved backward perpendicular to emery wheel platform support 18 on emery wheel platform 16; ccd video camera 6 is placed the PANDA fiber segment top for the treatment of rubbing down; detector 9 and light source 10 are moved to one section PANDA optical fiber below of having peelled off protective layer; the light that laser illuminator light source 10 is sent has been peelled off one section PANDA optical fiber of protective layer in the clear from the below illumination, be imaged on then on the ccd video camera 6.Because the transparent characteristic of optical fiber, the image of the axial distribution of PANDA polarization maintaining optical fibre just will be imaged on the ccd video camera 6.Utilize image processing techniques, can clearly see the axial image in two opal districts of the fibre core of optical fiber and stressed zone part such as PANDA optical fiber, as shown in Figure 2.The birefringence axis of polarization maintaining optical fibre is when different orientation, the fiber core on the observed axial image of this side-looking and the position of stressed zone part and brightness are different, therefore utilize two accurate spin fiber anchor clamps 4, with optical fiber axially is central shaft, accurately control spin fiber 12 gradually with rotating stepper motor 13, thereby find the stress axis of polarization maintaining optical fibre according to the optical fiber side elevation image that is become.
When the side-looking dead axle carries out, also carry out the back-scattering light dead axle.A branch of light laser that light source 10 is sent produces back-reflection light from the side of optical fiber when side shines PANDA optical fiber; The symmetry of the distribution pattern of the scattered light that penetrates dorsad from the polarization maintaining optical fibre side is relevant with how much symmetrical structures of polarization maintaining optical fibre fibre core and covering, thereby just relevant in the orientation in space with the stress axis of polarization maintaining optical fibre.According to the distribution pattern of this back-scattering light and the corresponding relation of Stress Profile for Polarization-Maintaining axle, can judge the stress axis orientation of polarization maintaining optical fibre from the symmetric variation of the distribution pattern of back-scattering light.Pattern on the test probe 9 is determined its symmetric variation.The rotation of controlling accurate spin fiber anchor clamps 4 drives stepper motor 13, serves as axle rotation polarization maintaining optical fibre with the PANDA fiber axis, finds the orientation of the stress axis of PANDA polarization maintaining optical fibre.
After the stress axis of PANDA polarization maintaining optical fibre 12 is determined well; emery wheel 7 and rotaty step motor 8 are moved forward perpendicular to emery wheel platform support 18 on emery wheel platform 16; make that having on the emery wheel 7 part of pouncing paper to be positioned at peels off protective layer, and reserved the top of the PANDA fiber segment of axle.Detector 9 and light source 10 are moved to emery wheel 7 belows.This moment is because the fiber segment for the treatment of rubbing down has been can't see in blocking of emery wheel 7 on the ccd video camera 6.
Utilize programmable tension control system 5, the size of the axial tensile force that on optical fiber, applies of test, and control movably that fiber clamp platform 3 moves horizontally on gear guide 11, give on the optical fiber 12 and add predetermined axial tensile force.Under the driving of lifting motor 17, emery wheel platform 16 is moved down along emery wheel platform support 18, cause the pouncing paper on the emery wheel 7 to contact the PANDA fiber segment for the treatment of the side rubbing down, this moment, tension control system was still controlled fiber clamp platform 3 translation on gear guide 11, to guarantee applying suitable tension force on PANDA optical fiber.As shown in Figure 6.According to the rotating speed control program of predefined rotaty step motor, the PANDA optical fiber that is added with lapping liquid is carried out the side rubbing down.
In the process of carrying out the side rubbing down,, adopt measurement PANDA polarization maintaining optical fibre side back-scattering light to carry out dead axle in order to monitor the orientation of Stress Profile for Polarization-Maintaining axle in real time.
At this moment, laser lighting light the back-scattering light that produces on the optical fiber with below detector 9 on produce the pattern of the back-scattering light relevant with the polarization maintaining optical fibre cross-sectional structure, as shown in Figure 8.Pattern on the real-time testing detector 9 determines that whether its symmetry changes.As change, be exactly due to the variation of stress axis, so the rotation of controlling accurate spin fiber anchor clamps 4 drives stepper motor 13, with the fiber axis is axle rotation polarization maintaining optical fibre, to be corrected in the change in the stress axis orientation of reversing generation of polarization maintaining optical fibre in the side rubbing down process.
During the side rubbing down, one of PANDA optical fiber terminates on the infrared light supply 14, and the other end is connected on the light power meter 15.When the loss of detected light energy reaches the predetermined value of prior design on the side rubbing down owing to PANDA optical fiber makes light power meter, stop to grind, move on the emery wheel platform 16, emery wheel 7 leaves fiber segment.The degree of depth of the milling zone of the side rubbing down optical fiber of this moment has just reached designing requirement.Change precise polished paper on emery wheel 7, emery wheel platform 16 is moved down push down the zone of having ground on the fiber segment, control rotaty step motor 8 carries out polishing process to the optical fiber rubbing down district that is ground to projected depth.Polishing finishes, and moves on the emery wheel platform 16, and emery wheel 7 leaves fiber segment.Whole PANDA polarization maintaining optical fibre side rubbing down process finishes.B among the sample of PANDA polarization maintaining optical fibre side rubbing down such as Fig. 9 is shown in C two figure.B figure is the photo of the PANDA polarization maintaining optical fibre cross section after the side rubbing down is finished, and C figure is the longitudinal cross-section photo of side rubbing down PANDA polarization maintaining optical fibre.
Claims (10)
1, optical fiber side polishing and grinding apparatus is characterized in that: comprise base plate (1), be used for fixing and two anchor clamps platforms of bearing fiber (12), the emery wheel platform support (18) that detachable emery wheel (7) is installed, ccd video camera (6), ccd detector (9), in order to the rubbing down monitoring light source (14) and light power meter (15) of the monitoring rubbing down degree of depth in the rubbing down process;
A described anchor clamps platform is directly fixed on the base plate (1), is fixed fiber anchor clamps platform (2), and another anchor clamps platform is placed on the guide rail (11), and guide rail (11) is fixed on the base plate (1), and this anchor clamps platform is a removable fiber clamp platform (3);
Be separately installed with one group of dismountable fiber clamp on described two anchor clamps platforms, the rubbing down section of grip optical fiber (12) is also evened up it directly; When anchor clamps are accurate spin fiber anchor clamps (4), drive by rotating stepper motor (13), can finish the dead axle and the side rubbing down of polarization maintaining optical fibre; When anchor clamps are dull and stereotyped fiber clamp (19), can finish the side rubbing down of ordinary optic fibre;
Be mounted with tension control system (5) in the described removable fiber clamp platform (3), the size of the axial tensile force that is applied on this system's real-time testing optical fiber (12), and control and drive this anchor clamps platform and move horizontally along guide rail (11), optical fiber between two fiber clamps (12) is stretched, give on the optical fiber (12) and add predetermined axial tensile force;
Described emery wheel platform support (18) is fixed on the base plate (1), and emery wheel platform (16) is placed on the emery wheel platform support (18), supports emery wheel (7) and rotaty step motor (8); Lifting motor (17) is fixed on the base plate (1), utilizes drive screw (20) that emery wheel platform (16) is moved up and down along emery wheel platform support (18);
Described emery wheel (7) is fixed on the turning cylinder of rotaty step motor (8) coaxially, and is detachable and change the emery wheel of different size, different materials; Emery wheel is fixed with pouncing paper or polishing paper on (7); The combination of emery wheel (7) and rotaty step motor (8) can move forward and backward, and perhaps moves up and down along emery wheel platform support (18) with emery wheel platform (16);
Described ccd video camera (6) is placed in the top of the fiber segment for the treatment of rubbing down; Ccd detector (9) is placed in above the base plate (1), and light source (10) is placed in base plate (1) bottom surface, but the two along continuous straight runs move left and right all, to adapt to the dead axle of optical fiber when straight or the dead axle during rubbing down;
When emery wheel (7) is mobile backward perpendicular to emery wheel platform support (18), in ccd video camera (6), can observes optical fiber and treat the axial transmission image of rubbing down section under light source (10) illumination; Standard picture in this axial image and the database is compared, can determine the orientation and the angle of stress axis in this section polarization maintaining optical fibre; This orientation and angle information are offered the driving control system of rotating stepper motor (13), can fiber axis be an axle spin fiber just, and the stress axis of this polarization maintaining optical fibre section places preassigned orientation the most at last;
In the middle of the described ccd detector (9) hole is arranged, make the light of light source (10) not shine fiber segment with being stopped, before optical fiber side rubbing down or in the rubbing down process, receive the backscattering image of polarization maintaining optical fibre rubbing down section under light source (10) irradiation; Before optical fiber side rubbing down, ccd detector (9) provides the orientation and the angle information of stress axis in this section polarization maintaining optical fibre with ccd video camera (6), with control rotating stepper motor (13); In optical fiber side rubbing down process, ccd detector (9) provides the orientation and the angle information of stress axis separately, and control rotating stepper motor (13) is to correct in the rubbing down process influence to the distorting stress axle of optical fiber;
The output of described rubbing down monitoring light source (14) is connected with an end of optical fiber (12), in the infrared light injection fibre (12) with output, in order to monitor the degree of depth of rubbing down with light power meter (15) in the rubbing down process;
The input of described light power meter (15) is connected with the other end of optical fiber (12), receives the light through optical fiber (12) and rubbing down section thereof that sends from rubbing down monitoring light source (14).
2, optical fiber side polishing and grinding apparatus according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: be mounted with walking gear driven by stepper motors in the described removable fiber clamp platform (3), described guide rail (11) side has tooth bar, walking gear engagement in this tooth bar and the removable fiber clamp platform (3) is moved removable fiber clamp platform (3) along continuous straight runs.
3, optical fiber side polishing and grinding apparatus according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described light source (10) is the visible light LASER Light Source; Described ccd detector (9) is the line array CCD detector.
4, optical fiber side polishing and grinding apparatus according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described tension control system (5) is made up of optical fiber tension pick-up and walking gear control section, tension pick-up touches the optical fiber (12) that is applied with tension force, optical fiber (12) is gone up suffered tension force to be induced, pass to the walking gear control section, on guide rail (11), move horizontally the tension force of finally controlling on the optical fiber to be applied to drive walking gear.
5, polarization maintaining optical fibre side rubbing down process is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
A) two accurate spin fiber anchor clamps (4) and rotating stepper motor (13) are placed in respectively on fixed fiber anchor clamps platform (2) and the removable fiber clamp platform (3) together;
B) protective layer at one section at optical fiber (12) middle part is peelled off, and after evening up it directly, again two ends are clamped to respectively on two the accurate spin fiber anchor clamps (4) that drive by rotating stepper motor (13);
C) to carry out dead axle operation before the side rubbing down to polarization maintaining optical fibre, after the stress axis of polarization maintaining optical fibre is determined well, emery wheel (7) and rotaty step motor (8) are upward moved forward perpendicular to emery wheel platform support (18) at emery wheel platform (16), make that having on the emery wheel part of pouncing paper to be positioned at peels off protective layer, and reserved the top of the polarization maintaining optical fibre section of axle; Ccd detector (9) and light source (10) are moved to the emery wheel below, so that carry out real-time dead axle;
D) utilize programmable tension control system (5), the size of the axial tensile force that on optical fiber, applies of test, and control removable fiber clamp platform (3) and on guide rail (11), move horizontally, to adding predetermined axial tensile force on the optical fiber;
E) under the driving of lifting motor (17), emery wheel platform (16) is moved down along emery wheel platform support (18), cause the pouncing paper on the emery wheel (7) to contact the fiber segment for the treatment of the side rubbing down, at this moment tension control system
(5) still controlling removable fiber clamp platform (3) and going up translation, to guarantee on optical fiber, applying predetermined tension force at guide rail (11);
F) according to the rotating speed control program of predefined rotaty step motor (8), the optical fiber that is added with lapping liquid is carried out the side rubbing down; During the side rubbing down, can utilize the method for back-scattering light to come real-time dead axle; During the side rubbing down, one of optical fiber terminates on the rubbing down monitoring light source (14), and the other end is connected on the light power meter (15); When the loss of detected light energy reaches the predetermined value of prior design on the side rubbing down owing to optical fiber makes light power meter, stop to grind, the emery wheel platform moves on (16), and emery wheel (7) leaves fiber segment; The degree of depth of the milling zone of the side rubbing down optical fiber of this moment has just reached designing requirement.
6, polarization maintaining optical fibre side rubbing down process according to claim 5, it is characterized in that: after finishing described step F, use precise polished paper instead on emery wheel (7), control rotaty step motor (8) carries out polishing process to the optical fiber rubbing down district that is ground to projected depth.
7, according to claim 5 or 6 described polarization maintaining optical fibre side rubbing down processes, it is characterized in that: among the described step C, the dead axle operation before the side rubbing down is mainly the side-looking dead axle, may further comprise the steps:
A) emery wheel (7) and rotaty step motor (8) are gone up perpendicular to emery wheel platform support at emery wheel platform (16)
(18) move backward, ccd video camera (6) is placed the fiber segment top for the treatment of rubbing down, ccd detector (9) and light source (10) are moved to the fiber segment below for the treatment of rubbing down, the light that lighting source (10) is sent has been peelled off one section optical fiber of protective layer in the clear from the below illumination, be imaged on then on the ccd video camera (6); Because the transparent characteristic of optical fiber, the image of the axial distribution of polarization maintaining optical fibre just will be imaged on the ccd video camera (6); Utilize image processing techniques, can clearly see the fibre core and the stressed zone part of optical fiber;
B) stress axis of polarization maintaining optical fibre is when different orientation, the fiber core on the observed axial image of this side-looking and the position of stressed zone part and brightness are different, utilize two accurate spin fiber anchor clamps (4), with optical fiber axially is central shaft, accurately control spin fiber gradually with rotating stepper motor (13), thereby according to the optical fiber side elevation image that is become, the stress axis of this polarization maintaining optical fibre section places preassigned orientation the most at last;
When the side-looking dead axle carries out, can carry out back-scattering light method dead axle, these two kinds of methods are carried out dead axle with complementing one another;
Described back-scattering light method dead axle may further comprise the steps:
A branch of light laser that light source (10) is sent produces back-scattering light from the side of optical fiber when side shines on the optical fiber; The symmetry of the distribution pattern of the scattered light that penetrates dorsad from the polarization maintaining optical fibre side is relevant with how much symmetrical structures of polarization maintaining optical fibre fibre core and covering, thereby just relevant in the orientation in space with the stress axis of polarization maintaining optical fibre; According to the distribution pattern of this back-scattering light and the corresponding relation of Stress Profile for Polarization-Maintaining axle, can judge the stress axis orientation of polarization maintaining optical fibre from the symmetric variation of the distribution pattern of back-scattering light; Test ccd detector (9) is gone up pattern, determines its symmetric variation; Controlling the rotating stepper motor (13) of accurate spin fiber anchor clamps (4), is axle rotation polarization maintaining optical fibre with the fiber axis, finds the orientation of the stress axis of polarization maintaining optical fibre.
8, according to claim 5 or 6 described polarization maintaining optical fibre side rubbing down processes, it is characterized in that: in the step F of side rubbing down process, adopt the method for measuring polarization maintaining optical fibre side back-scattering light to carry out real-time dead axle, may further comprise the steps:
When pushing down under the emery wheel (7) when treating rubbing down fiber segment, laser lighting light the back-scattering light that produces on the optical fiber with below ccd detector (9) go up the pattern that produces the back-scattering light relevant with the polarization maintaining optical fibre cross-sectional structure; Real-time testing ccd detector (9) is gone up pattern, determines that whether its symmetry changes; As change, be exactly due to the variation of stress axis, so, the rotating stepper motor (13) of accurate spin fiber anchor clamps (4) controlled, with the fiber axis is axle rotation polarization maintaining optical fibre, to be corrected in the change in the stress axis orientation of reversing generation of polarization maintaining optical fibre in the side rubbing down process.
9, ordinary optic fibre side rubbing down process is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
A) but the dull and stereotyped fiber clamp (19) of two opening and closing is placed in respectively on fixed fiber anchor clamps platform (2) and the removable fiber clamp platform (3);
B) protective layer at one section at optical fiber (12) middle part is peelled off, and after evening up it directly, two ends are clamped on two dull and stereotyped fiber clamps (19) respectively again;
C) emery wheel (7) and rotaty step motor (8) are gone up at emery wheel platform (16) moved forward perpendicular to emery wheel platform support (18), making has on the emery wheel (7) part of pouncing paper to be positioned at the top of the fiber segment of peelling off protective layer;
D) utilize programmable tension control system (5), the size of the axial tensile force that on optical fiber, applies of test, and control removable fiber clamp platform (3) and on guide rail (11), move horizontally, give on the optical fiber (12) and add predetermined axial tensile force;
E) under the driving of lifting motor (17), emery wheel platform (16) is moved down along emery wheel platform support (18), cause the pouncing paper on the emery wheel (7) to contact the fiber segment for the treatment of the side rubbing down, tension control system this moment (5) is still being controlled removable fiber clamp platform (3) and is being gone up translation at guide rail (11), to guarantee applying predetermined tension force on optical fiber;
F) according to the rotating speed control program of predefined rotaty step motor (8), the optical fiber that is added with lapping liquid is carried out the side rubbing down; During the side rubbing down, one of optical fiber terminates on the rubbing down monitoring light source (14), and the other end is connected on the light power meter (15); When the loss of detected light energy reaches the predetermined value of prior design on the side rubbing down owing to optical fiber makes light power meter, stop to grind, the emery wheel platform moves on (16), and emery wheel (7) leaves fiber segment; The milling zone degree of depth of the side rubbing down optical fiber of this moment reaches designing requirement.
10, ordinary optic fibre side rubbing down process according to claim 9, it is characterized in that: after finishing described step F, use precise polished paper instead on emery wheel (7), control rotaty step motor (8) carries out polishing process to the optical fiber rubbing down district that is ground to projected depth.
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2004
- 2004-12-30 CN CNB2004100777914A patent/CN100473494C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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