CN100471969C - Ventilating air-eliminating refining method of 3104 aluminum alloy flat ingot in casting furnace - Google Patents
Ventilating air-eliminating refining method of 3104 aluminum alloy flat ingot in casting furnace Download PDFInfo
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- CN100471969C CN100471969C CNB2007100489874A CN200710048987A CN100471969C CN 100471969 C CN100471969 C CN 100471969C CN B2007100489874 A CNB2007100489874 A CN B2007100489874A CN 200710048987 A CN200710048987 A CN 200710048987A CN 100471969 C CN100471969 C CN 100471969C
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- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 57
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 title abstract description 17
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 89
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 238000007872 degassing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical group [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 38
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000796 flavoring agent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000019634 flavors Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000013022 venting Methods 0.000 abstract 5
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000004079 fireproofing Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 10
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 8
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- KZBUYRJDOAKODT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine Chemical compound ClCl KZBUYRJDOAKODT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000861 Mg alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 208000037656 Respiratory Sounds Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013038 hand mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- -1 magnesium nitride Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007306 turnover Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for degassing and deslag in smelting, more specially, to to a refining method of venting, degassing and deslag in 3104 aluminium alloy flat section ingot casting furnace. The refining method of venting, degassing and deslag in 3104 aluminium alloy flat section ingot casting furnace includes kettle furnace, thirteen air bricks built on the fireproofing structure of the furnace bottom, 13 venting pipelines mounted on the furnace bottom, the said refining method for venting, degassing and deslag is that inert gas or inert mixing gas enters into maintaining furnace through the venting pipelines mounted on the bottom of thirteen air bricks, the inert gas adsorbs the impurity in aluminium liquid and then floats with air bubble up to the surface of aluminium liquid and exhausts to obtain the product. The advantage of the invention is: improving the degassing and deslag efficiency; improving the product quality of aluminium alloy flat section ingot; reducing the defect for casting flat section ingot; shortening the cost for producing flat section ingot, improving the productivity and reducing the flow of gas. The invention is usable for aluminium and aluminium alloy casting industry.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of smelting degasification deslagging method, specifically relate to ventilative degasification deslagging refining method in a kind of 3104 aluminium alloy flat bloom foundry furnaces.
Background technology
Electrolytic aluminium factory is in aluminium alloy plate ingot production process, because furnace charge, electrolysis primary aluminum are mingled with more, and aluminium liquid makes the purity drop of alloy liquid at the gas that passes on, absorb in the melting, casting process, mobile variation, can make foundry goods (ingot casting) produce multiple casting flaw after the cast, show as mainly that the inner bulk of plate ingot is mingled with, disperse is mingled with, subsurface porosity and concentrate rising head place pore, influenced plate ingot mechanics and process industrial art performance, and corrosion resistance, air-tightness, anodic oxidation performance and visual appearance.In aluminium alloy flat bloom was produced, existing furnace refining technology used two gas blow pipes that refining gas directly is blown into the aluminium liquid from fire door mainly based on artificial air blowing.Gassing time is long, and the alloying element scaling loss is big, degasification, slagging-off weak effect, and labour intensity is very big, and quality product is low, and the finished product rate has only about 60%, and casting flaw is many, and slab ingot crackle tendency is big, is unfavorable for automatic production in enormous quantities.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to overcome the deficiency that prior art exists, provide a kind of before the aluminium alloy flat bloom cast, utilize rare gas elementes such as nitrogen or argon gas to adsorb refining, bubble hydrogen is swum to aluminium liquid surface with ventilative degasification deslagging refining method in the 3104 slab ingot foundry furnaces that reach degasification, slagging-off raising aluminum alloy melt purity as carrier.
Ventilative degasification deslagging refining method is achieved by following technical proposals in the present invention's 3104 aluminium alloy flat bloom foundry furnaces: but ventilative degasification deslagging refining method comprises kettle furnace in the present invention's 3104 aluminium alloy flat bloom foundry furnaces, 13 gas permeable bricks of on the bottom refractory structure, building by laying bricks or stones, at furnace bottom 13 vent lines being set constitutes, described ventilative degasification deslagging refining method is to feed inert gas or inert mixed gas by the vent line that 13 gas permeable brick belows of furnace bottom are provided with in holding furnace, oxide slag inclusion in the rare gas element Al adsorption liquid, adhering to bubble surface behind obnoxious flavour and other impurity swims with bubble and rises to the exhaust of aluminium liquid surface and with forklift for slag the waste residue in the aluminium liquid is clawed, its processing condition are: the Air permenbility of described each gas permeable brick is 3-45Nl/min, ventilative pressure is 3Pa, and refining time is 15-40 minutes.
Ventilative degasification deslagging refining method has following beneficial effect compared with prior art in the present invention's 3104 aluminium alloy flat bloom foundry furnaces: holding furnace furnace bottom of the present invention is provided with and is used to remove 13 gas permeable bricks of liquid aluminium gas, after complete exhaust, the rapid rising of hydrogen, by purity is 〉=99.99% argon gas, and its pressure is 0.2-0.6MPa.Except the exhaust purpose, gas permeable brick also has 3 effects: 1) formed certain space in removing temperature and the stratified process of alloy, they also influence the motion of molten bath solid granulates; 2) they are driven to the metallic surface significantly when skimming.The molten bath motion of being created by gas permeable brick has reduced molten metal surface temperature (745 ℃), advantageously reduces the formation of residue, obtains the aluminium alloy melt of the low solid granulates of low hydrogen simultaneously; 3) every stove leaves standstill Foundry Production after 30 minutes casting kind refining in preceding 45 minutes 15 minutes.In order to prevent melt secondary suction hydrogen, so deflated is finished in the time of approachingly as much as possible casting.Use breathable technology to alleviate personnel labor.Originally old-fashioned casting technique adopts small-sized bottled gas, and the mode that hand mixing purges has increased working strength of workers greatly, and the workman works in front of the door at High Temperature Furnaces Heating Apparatus for a long time during refining, has worsened workman's Working environment.And after adopting the furnace bottom refining, all refinery practice is all independently finished by the PLC schedule of operation, has stopped above unfavorable factor.Use breathable technology to shorten the furnace refining time, improved degassing efficiency.Former old-fashioned casing purifier all will be distinguished refining 15 minutes to each fire door, and three fire doors were wanted refining 45 minutes, and the local refinement mode causes the melt secondary to inhale hydrogen and scaling loss for a long time.Improve the degasification quality, improved quality product and finished product rate.And the mode of 13 gas permeable bricks of employing furnace bottom distribution, can the artificial air blowing of favourable solution can not reach gas distribution fully and evenly, easily stay position, dead angle in the body of heater, the blowing refining degree is influenced by human factor fully, blow gas pressure is wayward, easily cause the influence of unfavorable factor such as the assorted pollution of secondary, improve melt refining degree greatly.
Advantage of the present invention is: 1, improve degassing efficiency, the melt hydrogen richness reduces by 40%; 2, improve the furnace refining effect, melt bits content reduces by 25%; 3, set the ventilative pressure of reasonably ventilative temperature (745 ℃ of aluminium alloy melt temperature) and each gas permeable brick, the ventilative pressure of each gas permeable brick is 3Pa.4, ventilative order and time (15min/ heat) have rationally been determined.5, improve quality of aluminium alloy flat section ingot, reduced slab ingot casting flaw.6, reduce working strength of workers, improved work efficiency of workers.7, reduced the slab ingot production cost, improved economic benefit, the every t ton of slab ingot production cost reduces by 30 yuan.8, refining process is safer.9, reduce refining time 30-50% in the holding furnace, increased productivity and the flow that has reduced using gas.10, prolonged the work-ing life of gas permeable brick.The present invention is applicable to aluminium and aluminium alloy casting industry.
Description of drawings
Ventilative degasification deslagging refining method has following accompanying drawing in the present invention's 3104 aluminium alloy flat bloom foundry furnaces:
Fig. 1 is a ventilative degasification deslagging refining process flow sheet in the 3104 aluminium alloy flat bloom foundry furnaces.Wherein: 1, argon gas gas holder; 2, argon gas pipeline; 3, chlorine gas holder; 4, nitrogen pipeline; 5, chlorine pipeline; 6, gas mixing cabinet; 7, gas flow housing; 8, kettle furnace; 9, gas permeable brick; 10, mixed gas pipeline; 11, operating panel; 12, Nitrogen plant group; 13, manual modulation valve.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples ventilative degasification deslagging refining method technical scheme in the present invention's 3104 aluminium alloy flat bloom foundry furnaces is further described.
As shown in Figure 1, but ventilative degasification deslagging refining method comprises kettle furnace 8 in the present invention's 3104 aluminium alloy flat bloom foundry furnaces, 13 gas permeable bricks 9 of on the bottom refractory structure, building by laying bricks or stones, at furnace bottom 13 vent lines 10 being set constitutes, described ventilative degasification deslagging refining method is to feed inert gas or inert mixed gas by the vent line 10 that 13 gas permeable brick 9 belows of furnace bottom are provided with in holding furnace 8, oxide slag inclusion in the rare gas element Al adsorption liquid, adhering to bubble surface behind obnoxious flavour and other impurity swims with bubble and rises to the exhaust of aluminium liquid surface and with forklift for slag the waste residue in the aluminium liquid is clawed, its processing condition are: the Air permenbility of described each gas permeable brick is 3-45Nl/min, ventilative pressure is 3Pa, and refining time is 15-40 minutes.
The production Air permenbility of described each gas permeable brick is 20-45Nl/min.
Described rare gas element is an argon gas; Described inert mixed gas is argon gas and chlorine or argon gas and nitrogen blended inert mixed gas.
The described nitrogen gas purity that passes through is 〉=99.99%, and its pressure is 0.2-0.6MPa, and purity of argon is 99.996%.
Embodiment 1.
Ventilative degasification deslagging refining method in the present invention's 3104 aluminium alloy flat bloom foundry furnaces, but comprise kettle furnace 8,13 gas permeable bricks 9 of on the bottom refractory structure, building by laying bricks or stones, 13 vent lines, 10 formations be set at furnace bottom, described 13 gas permeable bricks divide 3 rows to be interspersed in the distribution of kettle furnace 8 furnace bottoms as shown in Figure 1; 13 vent line 10 ends in the exit of gas flow housing 7 are respectively arranged with manual modulation valve 13; Described ventilative degasification deslagging refining method is to holding furnace 8 in to feed argon gas by SIEMENS PLC system by 7 controls of gas flow housing by the vent line 10 that 13 gas permeable brick 9 belows of furnace bottom are provided with to carry out degasification.Adhering to bubble surface behind oxide slag inclusion in the argon gas Al adsorption liquid, obnoxious flavour and other impurity swims with bubble and rises to the exhaust of aluminium liquid surface and with forklift for slag the waste residue in the aluminium liquid is clawed, its processing condition are: the Air permenbility of described each gas permeable brick is that 3-45Nl/min, ventilative pressure are 3Pa, and refining time is 15-40 minutes.
The production Air permenbility of described each gas permeable brick is 20-45Nl/min.
Described rare gas element is an argon gas; Described inert mixed gas is argon gas and chlorine or argon gas and nitrogen blended inert mixed gas.
The described nitrogen gas purity that passes through is 〉=99.99%, and its pressure is 0.2-0.6MPa, and purity of argon is 99.996%.
Using gas is selected
Because the high magnesium alloy of 3104 alloy systems, Mg content reaches more than 1.2%, and magnesium and nitrogen reaction generate magnesium nitride, so adopt nitrogen as removing gas carrier when producing 3104 series alloys, can reach the purpose of furnace refining equally.
Gas flow calculates
The stirring flow of every block of gas permeable brick is 3-90Nl/min, but 50 tons of kettle furnaces 8 have been installed by molding floor, and 13 gas permeable bricks 9 are installed on the bottom refractory structure, and then total flux is 39-1170Nl/min.The porous breathable brick needs very little pressure, and in order to reach the operation turnover rate, the gas permeable brick pressure of each length 2.5cm requires to be 0.1kg/m
2
Gas flow distribution
13 gas permeable bricks 9 are arranged under the holding furnace furnace bottom, and the flow of every brick can be selected to open or termination work by manual modulation valve 13.Under the normal circumstances, 13 blocks of gas permeable bricks are worked simultaneously, and the refining area coverage reaches more than 90%, can eliminate the refining dead angle, reach complete purified target.
Gas flow control
This workshop gas permeable brick has five cover refinery practice schemes, and is as follows:
Article one, process program: flow 3Nl/ minimum, when being mainly used in the sky stove, the purging of gas permeable brick.
Second process program: flow 6Nl/ minimum, the purging of gas permeable brick in the stove when being applied to produce at interval.
Article three, process program: flow 30Nl/ minimum is applied to 30 tons of furnace charge refinings.
Article four, process program: flow 45Nl/ minimum.Refining when being applied to 50 tons of fully loaded liquations.
The degasification time of holding furnace refining needs is depended on several factors, but generally speaking, a stove is as reaching hydrogen richness at 0.12-0.15cc H
2In/100gm Al the scope, refining time can reach the effect that slag falls in exhaust fully in 15-40 minute.3104 serial every heat production capacities are about 36 tons, and refining time is set at 15-30 minute, reaches refining effect fully.Simultaneously can reach energy-conservation target.
Every stove leaves standstill Foundry Production after 30 minutes casting kind refining in preceding 45 minutes 15 minutes.In order to prevent that the melt secondary from inhaling hydrogen, so the finishing should be as much as possible near casting time of degasification.
The applicant is in the 10# holding furnace 8 furnace refining situations in 3104 aluminium alloy casting production lines trial productions:
1, gas is prepared: 99.99% nitrogen, 99.996% high-purity argon gas.
2, total gas pressure is 0.7MPa.Gas permeable brick pressure 3Pa.
3, material is 3104 series alloys in the stove, and tons gross is 36 tons.
4, technical application parameter
5, refining time is from 9:02-9:17,15 minutes times spent.
6, check refining effect: the 1250Kg that removes the gred after the refining, remove the quantity of slag and improved 25% with the aluminium ingot smelting furnace except that the quantity of slag without the remelting that refinery practice is handled.The survey hydrogen richness is 0.21mL/100gAl, and the remelting of handling without refinery practice has reduced by 40% with aluminium ingot smelting furnace hydrogen richness.Breathable technology is tested at second electrolysis plant in this stove, every furnace charge refining time has reduced 30 minutes, refining number of times decreased average 3 times, the alloy scaling loss has on average reduced by 3%, 30 yuan of production cost reductions per ton, the slab ingot constant product quality, yield rate improves 33%, has reduced worker's labour intensity.
Claims (4)
1, ventilative degasification deslagging refining method in a kind of 3104 aluminium alloy flat bloom foundry furnaces, but comprise kettle furnace (8), 13 gas permeable bricks (9) of on the bottom refractory structure, building by laying bricks or stones, at furnace bottom 13 vent lines (10) being set constitutes, it is characterized in that: described ventilative degasification deslagging refining method is to feed inert gas or inert mixed gas by the vent line (10) that 13 gas permeable bricks of furnace bottom (9) below is provided with in holding furnace (8), oxide slag inclusion in the rare gas element Al adsorption liquid, adhering to bubble surface behind obnoxious flavour and other impurity swims with bubble and rises to the exhaust of aluminium liquid surface and with forklift for slag the waste residue in the aluminium liquid is clawed, its processing condition are: the Air permenbility of described each gas permeable brick is 3-45Nl/min, ventilative pressure is 3Pa, and refining time is 15-40 minutes.
2, ventilative degasification deslagging refining method in the 3104 aluminium alloy flat bloom foundry furnaces according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described 13 gas permeable bricks (9) are that 3 rows are interspersed at furnace bottom, and the production Air permenbility of each gas permeable brick is 20-45Nl/min.
3, ventilative degasification deslagging refining method in the 3104 aluminium alloy flat bloom foundry furnaces according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described rare gas element is an argon gas; Described inert mixed gas is argon gas and chlorine or argon gas and nitrogen blended inert mixed gas.
4, according to ventilative degasification deslagging refining method in claim 1 or the 3 described 3104 aluminium alloy flat bloom foundry furnaces, it is characterized in that: the described nitrogen gas purity that passes through is 〉=99.99%, and its pressure is 0.2-0.6MPa, and purity of argon is 99.996%.
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| CNB2007100489874A CN100471969C (en) | 2007-04-25 | 2007-04-25 | Ventilating air-eliminating refining method of 3104 aluminum alloy flat ingot in casting furnace |
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| CNB2007100489874A CN100471969C (en) | 2007-04-25 | 2007-04-25 | Ventilating air-eliminating refining method of 3104 aluminum alloy flat ingot in casting furnace |
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| CN100471969C true CN100471969C (en) | 2009-03-25 |
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| CN102492857A (en) * | 2011-12-13 | 2012-06-13 | 重庆大江美利信压铸有限责任公司 | Degassing and deslagging device for aluminum liquid |
| CN107127298A (en) * | 2017-04-01 | 2017-09-05 | 东风精密铸造安徽有限公司 | A kind of investment-casting reacts the prevention method of stomata |
| CN111893316A (en) * | 2020-07-17 | 2020-11-06 | 南南铝业股份有限公司 | Aluminum melt refining equipment and method for reducing metal nodules on surface of aluminum alloy cast rod |
| CN113186408A (en) * | 2021-07-02 | 2021-07-30 | 中国航发北京航空材料研究院 | Preparation method of aluminum alloy ingot |
| CN115090859A (en) * | 2022-07-19 | 2022-09-23 | 河南中力明新材料有限公司 | Air-permeable degassing and deslagging equipment in aluminum alloy flat ingot casting furnace |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4815715A (en) * | 1986-10-09 | 1989-03-28 | Didier-Werke Ag | Gas purging assembly for supplying gas to molten metal in a metallurgical vessel |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4815715A (en) * | 1986-10-09 | 1989-03-28 | Didier-Werke Ag | Gas purging assembly for supplying gas to molten metal in a metallurgical vessel |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| 透气砖精炼***在铝保温炉中的应用. 贵广臣，张晖.耐火材料，第6期. 2004 |
| 透气砖精炼***在铝保温炉中的应用. 贵广臣，张晖.耐火材料，第6期. 2004 * |
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