CN100466584C - 环网保护的处理方法 - Google Patents

环网保护的处理方法 Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN100466584C
CN100466584C CNB200710087385XA CN200710087385A CN100466584C CN 100466584 C CN100466584 C CN 100466584C CN B200710087385X A CNB200710087385X A CN B200710087385XA CN 200710087385 A CN200710087385 A CN 200710087385A CN 100466584 C CN100466584 C CN 100466584C
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
port
address
link
time
node
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
CNB200710087385XA
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
CN101035047A (zh
Inventor
吴少勇
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ZTE Corp
Original Assignee
ZTE Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by ZTE Corp filed Critical ZTE Corp
Priority to CNB200710087385XA priority Critical patent/CN100466584C/zh
Publication of CN101035047A publication Critical patent/CN101035047A/zh
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN100466584C publication Critical patent/CN100466584C/zh
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Images

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04J—MULTIPLEX COMMUNICATION
    • H04J13/00—Code division multiplex systems
    • H04J13/10—Code generation
    • H04J13/12—Generation of orthogonal codes
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F11/00—Error detection; Error correction; Monitoring
    • G06F11/07—Responding to the occurrence of a fault, e.g. fault tolerance
    • G06F11/16—Error detection or correction of the data by redundancy in hardware
    • G06F11/20—Error detection or correction of the data by redundancy in hardware using active fault-masking, e.g. by switching out faulty elements or by switching in spare elements
    • G06F11/2002—Error detection or correction of the data by redundancy in hardware using active fault-masking, e.g. by switching out faulty elements or by switching in spare elements where interconnections or communication control functionality are redundant
    • G06F11/2005—Error detection or correction of the data by redundancy in hardware using active fault-masking, e.g. by switching out faulty elements or by switching in spare elements where interconnections or communication control functionality are redundant using redundant communication controllers
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F11/00—Error detection; Error correction; Monitoring
    • G06F11/07—Responding to the occurrence of a fault, e.g. fault tolerance
    • G06F11/16—Error detection or correction of the data by redundancy in hardware
    • G06F11/20—Error detection or correction of the data by redundancy in hardware using active fault-masking, e.g. by switching out faulty elements or by switching in spare elements
    • G06F11/2002—Error detection or correction of the data by redundancy in hardware using active fault-masking, e.g. by switching out faulty elements or by switching in spare elements where interconnections or communication control functionality are redundant
    • G06F11/2007—Error detection or correction of the data by redundancy in hardware using active fault-masking, e.g. by switching out faulty elements or by switching in spare elements where interconnections or communication control functionality are redundant using redundant communication media
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F21/00—Security arrangements for protecting computers, components thereof, programs or data against unauthorised activity
    • G06F21/60—Protecting data
    • G06F21/62—Protecting access to data via a platform, e.g. using keys or access control rules
    • G06F21/6218—Protecting access to data via a platform, e.g. using keys or access control rules to a system of files or objects, e.g. local or distributed file system or database
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F21/00—Security arrangements for protecting computers, components thereof, programs or data against unauthorised activity
    • G06F21/60—Protecting data
    • G06F21/62—Protecting access to data via a platform, e.g. using keys or access control rules
    • G06F21/6218—Protecting access to data via a platform, e.g. using keys or access control rules to a system of files or objects, e.g. local or distributed file system or database
    • G06F21/6245—Protecting personal data, e.g. for financial or medical purposes
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G06Q20/00—Payment architectures, schemes or protocols
    • G06Q20/08—Payment architectures
    • G06Q20/10—Payment architectures specially adapted for electronic funds transfer [EFT] systems; specially adapted for home banking systems
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G06Q20/00—Payment architectures, schemes or protocols
    • G06Q20/08—Payment architectures
    • G06Q20/12—Payment architectures specially adapted for electronic shopping systems
    • G06Q20/123—Shopping for digital content
    • G06Q20/1235—Shopping for digital content with control of digital rights management [DRM]
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G06Q20/00—Payment architectures, schemes or protocols
    • G06Q20/38—Payment protocols; Details thereof
    • G06Q20/385—Payment protocols; Details thereof using an alias or single-use codes
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G06Q20/00—Payment architectures, schemes or protocols
    • G06Q20/38—Payment protocols; Details thereof
    • G06Q20/42—Confirmation, e.g. check or permission by the legal debtor of payment
    • G06Q20/425—Confirmation, e.g. check or permission by the legal debtor of payment using two different networks, one for transaction and one for security confirmation
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G06Q30/00—Commerce
    • G06Q30/02—Marketing; Price estimation or determination; Fundraising
    • G06Q30/0241—Advertisements
    • G06Q30/0277—Online advertisement
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G06Q30/00—Commerce
    • G06Q30/06—Buying, selling or leasing transactions
    • G06Q30/0601—Electronic shopping [e-shopping]
    • G06Q30/0609—Buyer or seller confidence or verification
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G06Q50/00—Information and communication technology [ICT] specially adapted for implementation of business processes of specific business sectors, e.g. utilities or tourism
    • G06Q50/10—Services
    • G06Q50/18—Legal services
    • G06Q50/188—Electronic negotiation
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07F—COIN-FREED OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • G07F17/00—Coin-freed apparatus for hiring articles; Coin-freed facilities or services
    • G07F17/16—Coin-freed apparatus for hiring articles; Coin-freed facilities or services for devices exhibiting advertisements, announcements, pictures or the like
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
    • H04B1/02—Transmitters
    • H04B1/04—Circuits
    • H04B1/0483—Transmitters with multiple parallel paths
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
    • H04B1/38—Transceivers, i.e. devices in which transmitter and receiver form a structural unit and in which at least one part is used for functions of transmitting and receiving
    • H04B1/40—Circuits
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/06—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
    • H04B7/0602—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using antenna switching
    • H04B7/0604—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using antenna switching with predefined switching scheme
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/08—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the receiving station
    • H04B7/0837—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the receiving station using pre-detection combining
    • H04B7/084—Equal gain combining, only phase adjustments
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/14—Relay systems
    • H04B7/15—Active relay systems
    • H04B7/155—Ground-based stations
    • H04B7/15528—Control of operation parameters of a relay station to exploit the physical medium
    • H04B7/15535—Control of relay amplifier gain
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/004—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using forward error control
    • H04L1/0041—Arrangements at the transmitter end
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/004—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using forward error control
    • H04L1/0045—Arrangements at the receiver end
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/004—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using forward error control
    • H04L1/0056—Systems characterized by the type of code used
    • H04L1/0064—Concatenated codes
    • H04L1/0066—Parallel concatenated codes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/004—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using forward error control
    • H04L1/0056—Systems characterized by the type of code used
    • H04L1/0067—Rate matching
    • H04L1/0068—Rate matching by puncturing
    • H04L1/0069—Puncturing patterns
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/004—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using forward error control
    • H04L1/0056—Systems characterized by the type of code used
    • H04L1/0071—Use of interleaving
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/02—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by diversity reception
    • H04L1/06—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by diversity reception using space diversity
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/08—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by repeating transmission, e.g. Verdan system
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/12—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using return channel
    • H04L1/16—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using return channel in which the return channel carries supervisory signals, e.g. repetition request signals
    • H04L1/18—Automatic repetition systems, e.g. Van Duuren systems
    • H04L1/1812—Hybrid protocols; Hybrid automatic repeat request [HARQ]
    • H04L1/1819—Hybrid protocols; Hybrid automatic repeat request [HARQ] with retransmission of additional or different redundancy
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/12—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using return channel
    • H04L1/16—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using return channel in which the return channel carries supervisory signals, e.g. repetition request signals
    • H04L1/18—Automatic repetition systems, e.g. Van Duuren systems
    • H04L1/1829—Arrangements specially adapted for the receiver end
    • H04L1/1835—Buffer management
    • H04L1/1841—Resequencing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/12—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using return channel
    • H04L1/16—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using return channel in which the return channel carries supervisory signals, e.g. repetition request signals
    • H04L1/18—Automatic repetition systems, e.g. Van Duuren systems
    • H04L1/1829—Arrangements specially adapted for the receiver end
    • H04L1/1848—Time-out mechanisms
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L12/00—Data switching networks
    • H04L12/02—Details
    • H04L12/12—Arrangements for remote connection or disconnection of substations or of equipment thereof
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L12/00—Data switching networks
    • H04L12/28—Data switching networks characterised by path configuration, e.g. LAN [Local Area Networks] or WAN [Wide Area Networks]
    • H04L12/2803—Home automation networks
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L12/00—Data switching networks
    • H04L12/28—Data switching networks characterised by path configuration, e.g. LAN [Local Area Networks] or WAN [Wide Area Networks]
    • H04L12/2803—Home automation networks
    • H04L12/2807—Exchanging configuration information on appliance services in a home automation network
    • H04L12/2809—Exchanging configuration information on appliance services in a home automation network indicating that an appliance service is present in a home automation network
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L12/00—Data switching networks
    • H04L12/28—Data switching networks characterised by path configuration, e.g. LAN [Local Area Networks] or WAN [Wide Area Networks]
    • H04L12/2854—Wide area networks, e.g. public data networks
    • H04L12/2856—Access arrangements, e.g. Internet access
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L12/00—Data switching networks
    • H04L12/28—Data switching networks characterised by path configuration, e.g. LAN [Local Area Networks] or WAN [Wide Area Networks]
    • H04L12/2854—Wide area networks, e.g. public data networks
    • H04L12/2856—Access arrangements, e.g. Internet access
    • H04L12/2869—Operational details of access network equipments
    • H04L12/287—Remote access server, e.g. BRAS
    • H04L12/2874—Processing of data for distribution to the subscribers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L12/00—Data switching networks
    • H04L12/28—Data switching networks characterised by path configuration, e.g. LAN [Local Area Networks] or WAN [Wide Area Networks]
    • H04L12/40—Bus networks
    • H04L12/40052—High-speed IEEE 1394 serial bus
    • H04L12/40078—Bus configuration
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L12/00—Data switching networks
    • H04L12/28—Data switching networks characterised by path configuration, e.g. LAN [Local Area Networks] or WAN [Wide Area Networks]
    • H04L12/40—Bus networks
    • H04L12/40169—Flexible bus arrangements
    • H04L12/40176—Flexible bus arrangements involving redundancy
    • H04L12/40195—Flexible bus arrangements involving redundancy by using a plurality of nodes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L12/00—Data switching networks
    • H04L12/28—Data switching networks characterised by path configuration, e.g. LAN [Local Area Networks] or WAN [Wide Area Networks]
    • H04L12/44—Star or tree networks
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L12/00—Data switching networks
    • H04L12/54—Store-and-forward switching systems 
    • H04L12/56—Packet switching systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L12/00—Data switching networks
    • H04L12/64—Hybrid switching systems
    • H04L12/6418—Hybrid transport
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L47/00—Traffic control in data switching networks
    • H04L47/10—Flow control; Congestion control
    • H04L47/22—Traffic shaping
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L47/00—Traffic control in data switching networks
    • H04L47/10—Flow control; Congestion control
    • H04L47/24—Traffic characterised by specific attributes, e.g. priority or QoS
    • H04L47/2441—Traffic characterised by specific attributes, e.g. priority or QoS relying on flow classification, e.g. using integrated services [IntServ]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L47/00—Traffic control in data switching networks
    • H04L47/10—Flow control; Congestion control
    • H04L47/28—Flow control; Congestion control in relation to timing considerations
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L47/00—Traffic control in data switching networks
    • H04L47/10—Flow control; Congestion control
    • H04L47/34—Flow control; Congestion control ensuring sequence integrity, e.g. using sequence numbers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L47/00—Traffic control in data switching networks
    • H04L47/50—Queue scheduling
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L47/00—Traffic control in data switching networks
    • H04L47/50—Queue scheduling
    • H04L47/62—Queue scheduling characterised by scheduling criteria
    • H04L47/621—Individual queue per connection or flow, e.g. per VC
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
    • H04L5/0001—Arrangements for dividing the transmission path
    • H04L5/0014—Three-dimensional division
    • H04L5/0023—Time-frequency-space
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
    • H04L5/003—Arrangements for allocating sub-channels of the transmission path
    • H04L5/0042—Arrangements for allocating sub-channels of the transmission path intra-user or intra-terminal allocation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
    • H04L5/003—Arrangements for allocating sub-channels of the transmission path
    • H04L5/0044—Arrangements for allocating sub-channels of the transmission path allocation of payload
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
    • H04L5/003—Arrangements for allocating sub-channels of the transmission path
    • H04L5/0078—Timing of allocation
    • H04L5/0082—Timing of allocation at predetermined intervals
    • H04L5/0083—Timing of allocation at predetermined intervals symbol-by-symbol
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L61/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services for addressing or naming
    • H04L61/45—Network directories; Name-to-address mapping
    • H04L61/4541—Directories for service discovery
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L63/00—Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security
    • H04L63/04—Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security for providing a confidential data exchange among entities communicating through data packet networks
    • H04L63/0428—Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security for providing a confidential data exchange among entities communicating through data packet networks wherein the data content is protected, e.g. by encrypting or encapsulating the payload
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L63/00—Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security
    • H04L63/06—Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security for supporting key management in a packet data network
    • H04L63/065—Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security for supporting key management in a packet data network for group communications
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L63/00—Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security
    • H04L63/08—Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security for authentication of entities
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L63/00—Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security
    • H04L63/08—Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security for authentication of entities
    • H04L63/0807—Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security for authentication of entities using tickets, e.g. Kerberos
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L63/00—Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security
    • H04L63/10—Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security for controlling access to devices or network resources
    • H04L63/102—Entity profiles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L63/00—Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security
    • H04L63/14—Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security for detecting or protecting against malicious traffic
    • H04L63/1441—Countermeasures against malicious traffic
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L65/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services for supporting real-time applications in data packet communication
    • H04L65/10—Architectures or entities
    • H04L65/102—Gateways
    • H04L65/1023—Media gateways
    • H04L65/103—Media gateways in the network
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L65/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services for supporting real-time applications in data packet communication
    • H04L65/10—Architectures or entities
    • H04L65/102—Gateways
    • H04L65/1033—Signalling gateways
    • H04L65/104—Signalling gateways in the network
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
    • H04L67/01—Protocols
    • H04L67/12—Protocols specially adapted for proprietary or special-purpose networking environments, e.g. medical networks, sensor networks, networks in vehicles or remote metering networks
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
    • H04L67/14—Session management
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
    • H04L67/2866—Architectures; Arrangements
    • H04L67/30—Profiles
    • H04L67/306—User profiles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
    • H04L67/50—Network services
    • H04L67/51—Discovery or management thereof, e.g. service location protocol [SLP] or web services
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L69/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services independent of the application payload and not provided for in the other groups of this subclass
    • H04L69/16—Implementation or adaptation of Internet protocol [IP], of transmission control protocol [TCP] or of user datagram protocol [UDP]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L69/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services independent of the application payload and not provided for in the other groups of this subclass
    • H04L69/16—Implementation or adaptation of Internet protocol [IP], of transmission control protocol [TCP] or of user datagram protocol [UDP]
    • H04L69/168—Implementation or adaptation of Internet protocol [IP], of transmission control protocol [TCP] or of user datagram protocol [UDP] specially adapted for link layer protocols, e.g. asynchronous transfer mode [ATM], synchronous optical network [SONET] or point-to-point protocol [PPP]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L69/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services independent of the application payload and not provided for in the other groups of this subclass
    • H04L69/30—Definitions, standards or architectural aspects of layered protocol stacks
    • H04L69/32—Architecture of open systems interconnection [OSI] 7-layer type protocol stacks, e.g. the interfaces between the data link level and the physical level
    • H04L69/322—Intralayer communication protocols among peer entities or protocol data unit [PDU] definitions
    • H04L69/329—Intralayer communication protocols among peer entities or protocol data unit [PDU] definitions in the application layer [OSI layer 7]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L9/00—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols
    • H04L9/32—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols including means for verifying the identity or authority of a user of the system or for message authentication, e.g. authorization, entity authentication, data integrity or data verification, non-repudiation, key authentication or verification of credentials
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04M—TELEPHONIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04M1/00—Substation equipment, e.g. for use by subscribers
    • H04M1/253—Telephone sets using digital voice transmission
    • H04M1/2535—Telephone sets using digital voice transmission adapted for voice communication over an Internet Protocol [IP] network
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04M—TELEPHONIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04M3/00—Automatic or semi-automatic exchanges
    • H04M3/22—Arrangements for supervision, monitoring or testing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04M—TELEPHONIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04M3/00—Automatic or semi-automatic exchanges
    • H04M3/42—Systems providing special services or facilities to subscribers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04M—TELEPHONIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04M7/00—Arrangements for interconnection between switching centres
    • H04M7/0024—Services and arrangements where telephone services are combined with data services
    • H04M7/0057—Services where the data services network provides a telephone service in addition or as an alternative, e.g. for backup purposes, to the telephone service provided by the telephone services network
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04M—TELEPHONIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04M7/00—Arrangements for interconnection between switching centres
    • H04M7/006—Networks other than PSTN/ISDN providing telephone service, e.g. Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP), including next generation networks with a packet-switched transport layer
    • H04M7/0066—Details of access arrangements to the networks
    • H04M7/0069—Details of access arrangements to the networks comprising a residential gateway, e.g. those which provide an adapter for POTS or ISDN terminals
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/60—Network structure or processes for video distribution between server and client or between remote clients; Control signalling between clients, server and network components; Transmission of management data between server and client, e.g. sending from server to client commands for recording incoming content stream; Communication details between server and client 
    • H04N21/61—Network physical structure; Signal processing
    • H04N21/6106—Network physical structure; Signal processing specially adapted to the downstream path of the transmission network
    • H04N21/6125—Network physical structure; Signal processing specially adapted to the downstream path of the transmission network involving transmission via Internet
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/60—Network structure or processes for video distribution between server and client or between remote clients; Control signalling between clients, server and network components; Transmission of management data between server and client, e.g. sending from server to client commands for recording incoming content stream; Communication details between server and client 
    • H04N21/63—Control signaling related to video distribution between client, server and network components; Network processes for video distribution between server and clients or between remote clients, e.g. transmitting basic layer and enhancement layers over different transmission paths, setting up a peer-to-peer communication via Internet between remote STB's; Communication protocols; Addressing
    • H04N21/647—Control signaling between network components and server or clients; Network processes for video distribution between server and clients, e.g. controlling the quality of the video stream, by dropping packets, protecting content from unauthorised alteration within the network, monitoring of network load, bridging between two different networks, e.g. between IP and wireless
    • H04N21/64723—Monitoring of network processes or resources, e.g. monitoring of network load
    • H04N21/64738—Monitoring network characteristics, e.g. bandwidth, congestion level
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/60—Network structure or processes for video distribution between server and client or between remote clients; Control signalling between clients, server and network components; Transmission of management data between server and client, e.g. sending from server to client commands for recording incoming content stream; Communication details between server and client 
    • H04N21/63—Control signaling related to video distribution between client, server and network components; Network processes for video distribution between server and clients or between remote clients, e.g. transmitting basic layer and enhancement layers over different transmission paths, setting up a peer-to-peer communication via Internet between remote STB's; Communication protocols; Addressing
    • H04N21/647—Control signaling between network components and server or clients; Network processes for video distribution between server and clients, e.g. controlling the quality of the video stream, by dropping packets, protecting content from unauthorised alteration within the network, monitoring of network load, bridging between two different networks, e.g. between IP and wireless
    • H04N21/64784—Data processing by the network
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N7/00—Television systems
    • H04N7/14—Systems for two-way working
    • H04N7/141—Systems for two-way working between two video terminals, e.g. videophone
    • H04N7/148—Interfacing a video terminal to a particular transmission medium, e.g. ISDN
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W24/00—Supervisory, monitoring or testing arrangements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W28/00—Network traffic management; Network resource management
    • H04W28/02—Traffic management, e.g. flow control or congestion control
    • H04W28/10—Flow control between communication endpoints
    • H04W28/14—Flow control between communication endpoints using intermediate storage
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W52/00—Power management, e.g. TPC [Transmission Power Control], power saving or power classes
    • H04W52/04—TPC
    • H04W52/06—TPC algorithms
    • H04W52/14—Separate analysis of uplink or downlink
    • H04W52/143—Downlink power control
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W52/00—Power management, e.g. TPC [Transmission Power Control], power saving or power classes
    • H04W52/04—TPC
    • H04W52/18—TPC being performed according to specific parameters
    • H04W52/24—TPC being performed according to specific parameters using SIR [Signal to Interference Ratio] or other wireless path parameters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W52/00—Power management, e.g. TPC [Transmission Power Control], power saving or power classes
    • H04W52/04—TPC
    • H04W52/18—TPC being performed according to specific parameters
    • H04W52/24—TPC being performed according to specific parameters using SIR [Signal to Interference Ratio] or other wireless path parameters
    • H04W52/245—TPC being performed according to specific parameters using SIR [Signal to Interference Ratio] or other wireless path parameters taking into account received signal strength
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W52/00—Power management, e.g. TPC [Transmission Power Control], power saving or power classes
    • H04W52/04—TPC
    • H04W52/38—TPC being performed in particular situations
    • H04W52/46—TPC being performed in particular situations in multi hop networks, e.g. wireless relay networks
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W52/00—Power management, e.g. TPC [Transmission Power Control], power saving or power classes
    • H04W52/04—TPC
    • H04W52/38—TPC being performed in particular situations
    • H04W52/48—TPC being performed in particular situations during retransmission after error or non-acknowledgment
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W74/00—Wireless channel access
    • H04W74/02—Hybrid access
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W76/00—Connection management
    • H04W76/10—Connection setup
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F11/00—Error detection; Error correction; Monitoring
    • G06F11/07—Responding to the occurrence of a fault, e.g. fault tolerance
    • G06F11/16—Error detection or correction of the data by redundancy in hardware
    • G06F11/1608—Error detection by comparing the output signals of redundant hardware
    • G06F11/1625—Error detection by comparing the output signals of redundant hardware in communications, e.g. transmission, interfaces
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F2221/00—Indexing scheme relating to security arrangements for protecting computers, components thereof, programs or data against unauthorised activity
    • G06F2221/21—Indexing scheme relating to G06F21/00 and subgroups addressing additional information or applications relating to security arrangements for protecting computers, components thereof, programs or data against unauthorised activity
    • G06F2221/2101—Auditing as a secondary aspect
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F2221/00—Indexing scheme relating to security arrangements for protecting computers, components thereof, programs or data against unauthorised activity
    • G06F2221/21—Indexing scheme relating to G06F21/00 and subgroups addressing additional information or applications relating to security arrangements for protecting computers, components thereof, programs or data against unauthorised activity
    • G06F2221/2141—Access rights, e.g. capability lists, access control lists, access tables, access matrices
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F2221/00—Indexing scheme relating to security arrangements for protecting computers, components thereof, programs or data against unauthorised activity
    • G06F2221/21—Indexing scheme relating to G06F21/00 and subgroups addressing additional information or applications relating to security arrangements for protecting computers, components thereof, programs or data against unauthorised activity
    • G06F2221/2149—Restricted operating environment
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/08—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the receiving station
    • H04B7/0891—Space-time diversity
    • H04B7/0894—Space-time diversity using different delays between antennas
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/14—Relay systems
    • H04B7/15—Active relay systems
    • H04B7/155—Ground-based stations
    • H04B7/15507—Relay station based processing for cell extension or control of coverage area
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/12—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using return channel
    • H04L1/16—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using return channel in which the return channel carries supervisory signals, e.g. repetition request signals
    • H04L1/18—Automatic repetition systems, e.g. Van Duuren systems
    • H04L1/1829—Arrangements specially adapted for the receiver end
    • H04L1/1835—Buffer management
    • H04L1/1845—Combining techniques, e.g. code combining
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L2001/0092—Error control systems characterised by the topology of the transmission link
    • H04L2001/0096—Channel splitting in point-to-point links
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L12/00—Data switching networks
    • H04L12/28—Data switching networks characterised by path configuration, e.g. LAN [Local Area Networks] or WAN [Wide Area Networks]
    • H04L12/40—Bus networks
    • H04L2012/40208—Bus networks characterized by the use of a particular bus standard
    • H04L2012/40241—Flexray
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L12/00—Data switching networks
    • H04L12/28—Data switching networks characterised by path configuration, e.g. LAN [Local Area Networks] or WAN [Wide Area Networks]
    • H04L12/40—Bus networks
    • H04L2012/40267—Bus for use in transportation systems
    • H04L2012/40273—Bus for use in transportation systems the transportation system being a vehicle
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L12/00—Data switching networks
    • H04L12/64—Hybrid switching systems
    • H04L12/6418—Hybrid transport
    • H04L2012/6445—Admission control
    • H04L2012/6462—Movable boundaries in packets or frames
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L2209/00—Additional information or applications relating to cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communication H04L9/00
    • H04L2209/12—Details relating to cryptographic hardware or logic circuitry
    • H04L2209/127—Trusted platform modules [TPM]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L65/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services for supporting real-time applications in data packet communication
    • H04L65/80—Responding to QoS
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L69/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services independent of the application payload and not provided for in the other groups of this subclass
    • H04L69/30—Definitions, standards or architectural aspects of layered protocol stacks
    • H04L69/32—Architecture of open systems interconnection [OSI] 7-layer type protocol stacks, e.g. the interfaces between the data link level and the physical level
    • H04L69/322—Intralayer communication protocols among peer entities or protocol data unit [PDU] definitions
    • H04L69/324—Intralayer communication protocols among peer entities or protocol data unit [PDU] definitions in the data link layer [OSI layer 2], e.g. HDLC
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L69/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services independent of the application payload and not provided for in the other groups of this subclass
    • H04L69/30—Definitions, standards or architectural aspects of layered protocol stacks
    • H04L69/32—Architecture of open systems interconnection [OSI] 7-layer type protocol stacks, e.g. the interfaces between the data link level and the physical level
    • H04L69/322—Intralayer communication protocols among peer entities or protocol data unit [PDU] definitions
    • H04L69/326—Intralayer communication protocols among peer entities or protocol data unit [PDU] definitions in the transport layer [OSI layer 4]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04M—TELEPHONIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04M3/00—Automatic or semi-automatic exchanges
    • H04M3/42—Systems providing special services or facilities to subscribers
    • H04M3/42025—Calling or Called party identification service
    • H04M3/42085—Called party identification service
    • H04M3/42102—Making use of the called party identifier
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W48/00—Access restriction; Network selection; Access point selection
    • H04W48/16—Discovering, processing access restriction or access information
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W52/00—Power management, e.g. TPC [Transmission Power Control], power saving or power classes
    • H04W52/04—TPC
    • H04W52/18—TPC being performed according to specific parameters
    • H04W52/22—TPC being performed according to specific parameters taking into account previous information or commands
    • H04W52/225—Calculation of statistics, e.g. average, variance
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W52/00—Power management, e.g. TPC [Transmission Power Control], power saving or power classes
    • H04W52/04—TPC
    • H04W52/18—TPC being performed according to specific parameters
    • H04W52/24—TPC being performed according to specific parameters using SIR [Signal to Interference Ratio] or other wireless path parameters
    • H04W52/241—TPC being performed according to specific parameters using SIR [Signal to Interference Ratio] or other wireless path parameters taking into account channel quality metrics, e.g. SIR, SNR, CIR, Eb/lo
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W52/00—Power management, e.g. TPC [Transmission Power Control], power saving or power classes
    • H04W52/04—TPC
    • H04W52/18—TPC being performed according to specific parameters
    • H04W52/24—TPC being performed according to specific parameters using SIR [Signal to Interference Ratio] or other wireless path parameters
    • H04W52/242—TPC being performed according to specific parameters using SIR [Signal to Interference Ratio] or other wireless path parameters taking into account path loss
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00—Local resource management
    • H04W72/50—Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources
    • H04W72/54—Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources based on quality criteria
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W8/00—Network data management
    • H04W8/005—Discovery of network devices, e.g. terminals
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W8/00—Network data management
    • H04W8/02—Processing of mobility data, e.g. registration information at HLR [Home Location Register] or VLR [Visitor Location Register]; Transfer of mobility data, e.g. between HLR, VLR or external networks
    • H04W8/04—Registration at HLR or HSS [Home Subscriber Server]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W84/00—Network topologies
    • H04W84/02—Hierarchically pre-organised networks, e.g. paging networks, cellular networks, WLAN [Wireless Local Area Network] or WLL [Wireless Local Loop]
    • H04W84/10—Small scale networks; Flat hierarchical networks
    • H04W84/12—WLAN [Wireless Local Area Networks]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W88/00—Devices specially adapted for wireless communication networks, e.g. terminals, base stations or access point devices
    • H04W88/16—Gateway arrangements

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Computer Security & Cryptography (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Accounting & Taxation (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Finance (AREA)
  • Strategic Management (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • General Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Computing Systems (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Economics (AREA)
  • Development Economics (AREA)
  • Marketing (AREA)
  • Bioethics (AREA)
  • Software Systems (AREA)
  • Databases & Information Systems (AREA)
  • Quality & Reliability (AREA)
  • Tourism & Hospitality (AREA)
  • Medical Informatics (AREA)
  • Technology Law (AREA)
  • Human Resources & Organizations (AREA)
  • Primary Health Care (AREA)
  • Entrepreneurship & Innovation (AREA)
  • Game Theory and Decision Science (AREA)
  • Small-Scale Networks (AREA)

Abstract

本发明提供了一种环网保护的处理方法，该方法包括步骤：对每个节点启用定时器，以定时对端口的地址更新状态进行查询；当节点处理链路切换时，将要更新的端口的地址更新状态设定为地址更新准备态；以及定时器查询到端口的地址更新状态为更新准备态后，根据链路切换类型以及当前时间和要更新端口的上次更新时间之差与地址更新保护时间的比较结果，进行更新端口处理。通过本发明，在进行链路切换时快速更新端口的MAC地址表，减少了对硬件操作的次数，链路切换收敛时间不随环上域数目的增加而加大，提高了硬件效率，并且充分利用了链路资源，从而满足了高实时性业务对环网保护***的要求。

Description

环网保护的处理方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种在以太网自动保护技术中环网保护的处理方法。
背景技术
以太环网自动保护***由多个节点相连构成环，其中，环上可以定义多个域，一个域中包括主节点和传输节点，以及一组该域保护的用于用户数据转发的业务虚拟局域网(Virtual Local AreaNetwork，简称为VLAN)和用于协议报文转发的控制VLAN。对于一个特定域，被保护的业务VLAN称为保护业务VLAN，主节点两个环上的端口分别定义为主端口和从端口。主节点从主端口发送链路健康检测帧，如果链路完好则在从端口收到链路健康检测帧。当链路完好时，主节点阻塞从端口的保护业务VLAN转发功能，当链路发生故障时，放开从端口的保护业务VLAN转发功能，并且主节点在链路切换时发送链路状态通知帧，传输节点在收到链路状态通知帧之后更新环上端口的媒体接入控制(media access control，简称为MAC)地址表，保护业务VLAN中的用户数据按照新的路径传输。以太环网自动保护***保证了保护业务VLAN不会形成环路，防止了由于环路引起的“广播风暴”。在一个物理环上只存在单独一个域时，以太环网自动保护***的链路切换收敛时间可以达到50毫秒以内，但是在单域情况下，保护业务VLAN的数据不能通过主节点的从端口传输，极大地浪费了链路带宽。当物理链路上存在多个域时，不同域的保护业务VLAN数据可以通过不同的路径传输，充分利用了链路带宽，但是以太环网自动保护***的链路切换收敛时间为多个域链路切换收敛时间的叠加，当环上域比较多或环路比较复杂时，通常会达到几百毫秒以上，使得不能很好地满足下一代通信网络(Next generation network，简称为NGN)、网络电视(Internet protocol television，简称为IPTV)等业务对网络高可靠性、高实时性的要求。
为了充分利用链路带宽，在以太环网自动保护***的实际组网中，通常将同一个物理环上的业务VLAN分成多组保护业务VLAN，每组保护业务VLAN用不同的以太环网域来保护。
图1是以太环网的拓扑结构，其中，交换机节点S1、S2、S3、S4组成了以太环网，在每个节点上配置了多个业务VLAN，如果没有以太环网自动保护***，那么这些VLAN将会形成环路，引起“广播风暴”从而导致网络不可用。
将这些业务VLAN划分为两组，分别由域1和域2来保护。在域1中，节点S2是主节点，主节点的主端口是端口1，从端口是端口2，节点S1、S3、S4是传输节点；在域2中，节点S2是主节点，主节点的主端口是端口2，从端口是端口1，节点S1、S3、S4是传输节点。
当链路完好时，域1阻塞了节点S2的端口2的保护业务VLAN数据转发功能，域1的保护业务VLAN不能通过S2的端口2传输。虽然域1通过阻塞节点S2的端口2避免了保护业务VLAN中形成环路，但是当没有域2，即，该物理环路上只存在一个域时，节点S2与S4之间的链路上没有业务数据，使得极大地浪费了链路资源。为了充分利用链路资源，在实际应用中通常配置以太环网多域。对于域2，当链路完好时，阻塞节点S2的端口1的保护业务VLAN数据转发功能，域2的保护业务VLAN不能通过S2的端口1传输，避免了保护业务VLAN中形成环路，而且域2的保护业务VLAN数据能够通过节点S2的端口2，即，在节点S2与S4之间的链路上传输，实现了负载均衡，充分利用了链路资源。
当链路发生故障时，例如，图1中节点S3和S4之间的链路发生故障时，以太环网自动保护***检测到链路故障后进行链路故障处理，主节点放开从端口的保护业务VLAN转发功能，向环上发送链路故障状态通知帧，并更新环上端口的MAC地址表，传输节点在收到主节点发送的链路故障状态通知帧后，更新环上端口的MAC地址表，保护业务VLAN的数据可以通过主节点的从端口传输，保证了两个节点之间有一条可以连通的逻辑途径。在链路故障期间，主节点仍然从主端口发送链路健康检测帧，如果在从端口收到了链路健康检测帧，则认为链路恢复，主节点阻塞从端口的保护业务VLAN转发功能，向环上发送链路恢复状态通知帧，并更新环上端口的MAC地址表，传输节点在收到主节点发送的状态恢复状态通知帧后，更新环上端口的MAC地址表，保护业务VLAN的数据可以通过原先的故障链路传输，不能通过主节点的从端口传输，保证了两个节点之间只有一条可以连通的逻辑途径，不会形成断路或者环路。
以太环网自动保护***处理链路故障时，保护业务VLAN的数据不能通过故障链路进行传输，只有在主节点放开从端口的保护业务VLAN转发功能，以及环上节点更新环上端口MAC地址表之后，保护业务VLAN的数据才能通过主节点的从端口进行传输，域中的主节点放开从端口的保护业务VLAN转发功能与环上节点更新环上端口MAC地址表可以为任意的时间顺序；以太环网自动保护***处理链路恢复时，保护业务VLAN的数据在物理上存在两条连通的传输路径，在主节点阻塞从端口的保护业务VLAN转发功能，以及环上节点更新环上端口MAC地址表之后，保护业务VLAN的数据不会形成环路，因此，必须为先主节点阻塞从端口的保护业务VLAN转发功能，然后环上节点更新环上端口MAC地址表，两者的时间顺序不能颠倒。
另外，在单域多环组网中，一次链路切换会产生多个链路状态通知帧，环上节点每次收到链路状态通知帧后需要更新端口MAC地址表，一次链路切换会造成环上节点多次重复对硬件操作更新端口MAC地址表。
由于硬件处理能力的限制，更新端口的MAC地址表比较耗时，而且仅仅更新端口上某些VLAN的MAC地址比更新该端口上所有的地址表并不节省时间。当以太环网保护***进行链路切换时，环上节点多次重复对硬件操作更新端口的MAC地址表，积累起来耗时很长，有时甚至达到几百毫秒，不利于环网保护***的快速切换。
因此，需要一种能够快速收敛的以太环网保护方法。
发明内容
考虑到上述问题而做出本发明，为此，本发明的主要目的在于提供一种环网保护的处理方法。
该方法包括以下步骤：对每个节点启用定时器，以定时对端口的地址更新状态进行查询；当节点处理链路切换时，将要更新的端口的地址更新状态设定为地址更新准备态；以及定时器查询到端口的地址更新状态为地址更新准备态后，根据链路切换类型以及当前时间和要更新端口的上次更新时间之差与地址更新保护时间的比较结果，进行更新端口处理。
其中，链路切换类型包括链路故障切换以及链路恢复切换。
此外，在链路切换类型为链路故障切换的情况下，当节点处理链路切换时，将要更新的端口的地址更新状态设定为地址更新准备态的步骤包括：检测到链路故障的节点通知域中的主节点，阻塞故障链路对应端口的保护业务虚拟局域网转发功能，更新故障链路对应端口的媒体接入控制地址表，并且记录地址更新时间；主节点检测到链路故障后，放开主节点的从端口的保护业务虚拟局域网转发功能，向环上的传输节点发送链路故障状态通知帧，并将主节点的主端口地址更新状态设定为地址更新准备态；以及传输节点接收到链路故障状态通知帧后，将环上端口的地址更新状态设定为地址更新准备态。
在链路切换为链路故障切换的情况下，根据链路切换类型以及当前时间和要更新端口的上次更新时间之差与地址更新保护时间的比较结果进行更新端口处理包括：当所述当前时间与要更新端口上次地址更新时间之差小于地址更新保护时间时，将要更新端口的地址更新状态设定为地址更新就绪态并且不更新端口地址表。
在链路切换为链路故障切换的情况下，根据链路切换类型以及当前时间和要更新端口的上次更新时间之差与地址更新保护时间的比较结果进行更新端口处理包括：当所述当前时间与要更新端口上次地址更新时间之差大于地址更新保护时间时，将要更新端口的地址更新状态设定为地址更新就绪态，更新端口的媒体接入控制地址表；将要更新端口的地址更新状态设定为地址更新完成态并且记录地址更新时间。
另一方面，在链路切换类型为链路恢复切换的情况下，当节点处理链路切换时，将要更新的端口的地址更新状态设定为地址更新准备态的步骤包括：主节点周期地从主端口发送链路健康检测帧；当从端口接收到链路健康检测帧后，阻塞从端口的保护业务虚拟局域网转发功能，向环上的传输节点发送链路恢复状态通知帧，并将主节点的从端口地址更新状态设定为地址更新准备态；以及传输节点接收到链路恢复状态通知帧后，将阻塞保护业务虚拟局域网转发功能的端口放开，并将环上端口的地址更新状态设定为地址更新准备态。
在链路切换为链路恢复切换的情况下，根据链路切换类型以及当前时间和要更新端口的上次更新时间之差与地址更新保护时间的比较结果进行更新端口处理包括：将要更新端口的地址更新状态设定为地址更新就绪态，更新要更新端口的媒体接入控制地址表；以及将要更新端口的地址更新状态设定为地址更新完成态并且记录地址更新时间。
将定时器设定为1毫秒至100毫秒的任意一个时间数值，优选地，将定时器设定为10毫秒。
此外，各个环或者域同时更新同一个端口的媒体接入控制地址表。
通过本发明的上述技术方案，在进行链路切换时快速更新端口的MAC地址表，减少了对硬件操作的次数，链路切换收敛时间不随环上域数目的增加而加大，提高了硬件效率，并且充分利用了链路资源，从而满足了高实时性业务对环网保护***的要求。
附图说明
此处所说明的附图用来提供对本发明的进一步理解，构成本申请的一部分，本发明的示意性实施例及其说明用于解释本发明，并不构成对本发明的不当限定。在附图中：
图1是示出一种以太环网的示意图；
图2是示出根据本发明实施例的环网保护处理方法流程图；
图3是示出根据本发明实施例的环网保护处理方法的具体实例的流程图；
图4是示出根据本发明实施例的处理链路发生故障时的流程图；以及
图5是示出根据本发明实施例的处理链路恢复时的流程图。
具体实施方式
下面将参照附图详细描述本发明的实施例。
在本发明实施例中，提供了一种环网保护的处理方法。
首先，说明本发明的基本思想。本发明启用快速定时器对端口地址更新状态进行查询，快速定时器的周期范围可在1到100毫秒，将更新端口的MAC地址表方式设置为更新端口所有MAC地址，定义端口MAC地址更新状态为地址更新准备态、地址更新就绪态和地址完成态，这三种状态指软件记录状态，而不是真正操作硬件，在运行时不耗费时间。当以太环网自动保护***进行链路切换，以及环上节点需要更新端口MAC地址表时，并不对硬件进行操作，而是软件记录该端口的MAC地址更新状态为地址更新准备态，快速定时器查询到端口的地址更新状态为地址更新准备态时，将端口的地址更新状态软件设置为地址更新就绪态，并对硬件操作更新该端口的所有MAC地址，然后将端口的地址软件更新状态设置为地址更新完成态，在此过程中，只有一次真正操作了硬件，其他软件操作都不耗费时间。由于以太环保自动保护***的多个域发现链路故障和恢复是同时的，因此每个域进行链路切换时，并没有真正的对硬件操作更新端口的MAC地址表，而是所有的域处理完链路切换后，才开始对环上端口的MAC地址表进行更新。另外，当各个域处理链路故障时，环上端口在短时间内不重复更新端口MAC地址表，该时间定义为地址更新保护时间，可以设置在1到100毫秒范围内。这样就能够防止重复耗时的硬件操作，极大地提高以太环网保护***的处理速度和稳定性，并且当同一个物理环上域的数目增加时以太环网保护***的链路切换收敛时间不会加大。
图2是示出根据本发明实施例的环网保护处理方法的流程图。
参照图2，该方法包括：步骤S202，对每个节点启用定时器，以定时对端口的地址更新状态进行查询；步骤S204，当节点处理链路切换时，将要更新的端口的地址更新状态设定为地址更新准备态；以及步骤S206，定时器查询到端口的地址更新状态为更新准备态后，根据链路切换类型以及当前时间和要更新端口的上次更新时间之差与地址更新保护时间的比较结果，进行更新端口处理。
其中，链路切换类型包括链路故障切换以及链路恢复切换。
此外，在链路切换类型为链路故障切换的情况下，当节点处理链路切换时，将要更新的端口的地址更新状态设定为更新准备态的步骤进一步包括以下处理：检测到链路故障的节点通知域中的主节点，阻塞故障链路对应端口的保护业务虚拟局域网转发功能，更新故障链路对应端口的媒体接入控制地址表，并且记录地址更新时间；主节点检测到链路故障后，放开主节点的从端口的保护业务虚拟局域网转发功能，向环上的传输节点发送链路故障状态通知帧，并将主节点的主端口地址更新状态设定为地址更新准备态；以及传输节点接收到链路故障状态通知帧后，并将环上端口的地址更新状态设定为地址更新准备态。
在链路切换为链路故障切换的情况下，根据链路切换类型以及当前时间和要更新端口的上次更新时间之差与地址更新保护时间的比较结果进行更新端口处理包括：当当前时间与端口上次地址更新时间之差小于地址更新保护时间时，将端口的地址更新状态设定为地址更新就绪态并且不更新端口地址表。
在链路切换为链路故障切换的情况下，根据链路切换类型以及当前时间和要更新端口的上次更新时间之差与地址更新保护时间的比较结果进行更新端口处理包括：当当前时间与端口上次地址更新时间之差大于地址更新保护时间时，将端口的地址更新状态设定为地址更新就绪态，更新端口的媒体接入控制地址表；以及将端口的地址更新状态设定为地址更新完成态并且记录地址更新时间。
另一方面，在链路切换类型为链路恢复切换的情况下，当节点处理链路切换时，将要更新的端口的地址更新状态设定为更新准备态的步骤包括：主节点周期地从主端口发送链路健康检测帧；当从端口接收到链路健康检测帧后，阻塞从端口的保护业务虚拟局域网转发功能，向环上的传输节点发送链路恢复状态通知帧，并将主节点的从端口地址更新状态设定为地址更新准备态；以及传输节点接收到链路恢复状态通知帧后，将阻塞保护业务虚拟局域网转发功能的端口放开，并将环上端口的地址更新状态设定为地址更新准备态。
在链路切换为链路恢复切换的情况下，根据链路切换类型以及当前时间和要更新端口的上次更新时间之差与地址更新保护时间的比较结果进行更新端口处理包括：将端口的地址更新状态设定为地址更新就绪态，更新端口的媒体接入控制地址表；以及将端口的地址更新状态设定为地址更新完成态并且记录地址更新时间。
将定时器设定为1毫秒至100毫秒，优选地，将定时器设定为10毫秒。
此外，各个环或者域同时更新同一个端口的媒体接入控制地址表。
以下，将参照图1和图3至图5，描述根据本发明实施例的环网保护的处理方法。其中，图3是示出根据本发明实施例的环网保护处理方法的具体实例的流程图，图4是示出根据本发明实施例的处理链路发生故障时的流程图；以及图5是示出根据本发明实施例的处理链路恢复时的流程图。
参照图3，在步骤301中，环上节点S1、S2、S3、S4启用快速定时器，定时对环上端口的地址更新状态进行查询；
在步骤302中，链路切换需要更新端口MAC地址表时，不直接进行硬件操作，而是软件记录需要更新端口的地址更新状态为地址更新准备态，软件操作不耗费时间；
接下来，在步骤303中，链路切换时其余的也需要更新端口MAC地址表，但都没有进行硬件操作，而是软件记录地址更新状态为地址更新准备态；
在步骤304中，链路切换的各个域和各个环上所有操作完成后，定时器检测到环上端口的地址更新状态为地址更新准备态，上述操作没有耗时的硬件操作，使得速度很快；
在步骤305中，如果为链路故障切换，并且当前时间减去该端口的上次地址更新时间小于地址更新保护时间，则不进行硬件更新端口地址表；
在步骤306中，如果为链路恢复切换，或者当前时间减去该端口的上次地址更新时间大于地址更新保护时间，则软件设置端口地址更新状态为地址更新就绪态，进行硬件更新端口地址表；
最后，在步骤307中，在步骤205和206后，软件设置端口地址更新状态为地址更新完成态，并记录地址更新时间，链路切换完成，上述操作中，没有重复进行耗时的更新端口MAC地址表操作，提高了效率。
参照图4，描述当链路发生故障(例如，节点S3与S4之间的链路断开)时链路故障切换的详细处理。
在步骤401中，节点S3和节点S4对端口的链路进行检测；
在步骤402中，节点S3和S4检测到端口的链路由无故障到出现故障，通知域1和域2中的主节点链路发生了故障；
接着，在步骤403中，节点S3和S4阻塞故障链路对应端口的域1和域2的保护业务VLAN转发功能，并向域1和域2的主节点发生链路故障告警帧；
在步骤404中，节点S3和S4直接更新故障链路对应端口的MAC地址表，记录地址更新时间；
在步骤405中，域1和域2的主节点S2分别收到两个域的链路故障告警；
接下来，在步骤406中，域1主节点S2处理域1的链路故障，放开端口2的域1的保护业务VLAN转发功能，向环上发送域1的链路故障状态通知帧，将端口1的地址更新状态设置为地址更新准备态；
在步骤407中，域2主节点S2处理域2的链路故障，放开端口1的域2的保护业务VLAN转发功能，向环上发送域2的链路故障状态通知帧，将端口2的地址更新状态设置为地址更新准备态；
在步骤408中，域1的环上传输节点收到域1主节点发送的链路故障状态通知帧后，将环上端口的地址更新状态设置为地址更新准备态；
在步骤409中，域2的环上传输节点收到域2主节点发送的链路故障状态通知帧后，将环上端口的地址更新状态设置为地址更新准备态；
在上述操操作中没有进行耗时的硬件操作，最后，在步骤410中，在环上节点快速定时器查询到端口的地址更新状态为地址更新准备态之后，如果当前时间减去该端口上次地址更新时间大于地址更新保护时间，则设置该端口的地址更新状态为地址更新就绪态，更新该端口的MAC地址表，设置该端口的地址更新状态为地址更新完成态，并记录地址更新时间。
参照图5，描述当链路故障消除(例如，节点S3与S4之间的链路恢复)时的处理过程。
在步骤501中，域1中的主节点S2从端口2收到从端口1发送的链路健康检测帧时，阻塞端口2的域1保护业务VLAN转发功能，向环上发送链路恢复状态通知帧，将端口2的地址更新状态设置为地址更新准备态；
在步骤502中，域2中的主节点S2从端口1收到从端口2发送的链路健康检测帧时，阻塞端口1的域2保护业务VLAN转发功能，向环上发送链路恢复状态通知帧，将端口1的地址更新状态设置为地址更新准备态；
接着，在步骤503中，域1中的传输节点收到主节点发送的链路恢复状态通知帧后，节点S3放开端口1的域1的保护业务VLAN转发功能，节点S4放开端口1的域1的保护业务VLAN转发功能，各个传输节点把环上端口的地址更新状态设置为地址更新准备态；
在步骤504中，域2中的传输节点收到主节点发送的链路恢复状态通知帧后，节点S3放开端口1的域2的保护业务VLAN转发功能，节点S4放开端口1的域2的保护业务VLAN转发功能，各个传输节点把环上端口的地址更新状态设置为地址更新准备态；
在上述操作中没有耗时的硬件操作，最后，在步骤505中，在环上节点快速定时器查询到端口的地址更新状态为地址更新准备态之后，设置该端口的地址更新状态为地址更新就绪态，更新该端口的MAC地址表，设置该端口的地址更新状态为地址更新完成态，并记录地址更新时间。
例如，在某以太环网***中，应用了本发明的方法。其中，环上配置了十五个域，当链路发生故障时，每个节点上对环上端口的地址更新硬件操作是在以太环网保护***完成了其他各种软件记录等不耗时的操作之后进行的，而且端口地址更新操作只进行了一次而不是十五次，而进行十五次端口地址更新操作需要耗费几百毫秒，但是应用本发明方法后链路切换收敛时间不随域的增多而加大。在链路切换期间，业务数据运行稳定，节点对硬件操作次数少，失败概率低，收敛时间在50毫秒以内。
此外，本发明不仅可以应用于多域，也可以应用于单域中。
环网由多个相切环组成时，可以对环进行层次划分，高层次环上节点收到低层次节点发送的链路切换通知时，需要更新环上端口MAC地址表。但是在低层次链路进行切换时，高层次节点会收到多个低层次节点发来的链路切换通知，导致多次进行硬件操作更新端口MAC地址表，耗时很长。应用本发明方法后，节点在更新端口MAC地址表时，只是记录了端口软件状态为端口地址更新准备态，没有真正操作硬件，快速定时器检测到端口地址更新状态为地址更新准备态后才进行硬件操作更新端口地址MAC表，使得重复的硬件地址更新操作只进行了一次，在链路切换期间，业务数据运行稳定，节点对硬件操作次数少，失败概率低，收敛时间快。
综上所述，通过本发明的上述技术方案，提出了链路切换自适应更新MAC地址表，快速处理以太环网自动保护的方法，引入了端口地址更新状态等概念，在以太环网保护***进行链路切换时不重复更新端口MAC地址表，避免了耗时的硬件操作，极大地提高了以太环网保护***的处理速度和稳定性，尤其当同一个物理环上域的数目增加时以太环网保护***的链路切换收敛时间不会加大，利用多域进行链路负载均衡时满足高实时性业务对环网保护***的要求。
以上所述仅为本发明的优选实施例而已，并不用于限制本发明，对于本领域的技术人员来说，本发明可以有各种更改和变化。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (10)

1.一种环网保护的处理方法，其特征在于，包括:
对每个节点启用定时器，以定时对端口的地址更新状态进行查询；
当所述节点处理链路切换时，将要更新的端口的地址更新状态设定为地址更新准备态；以及
所述定时器查询到端口的所述地址更新状态为所述地址更新准备态后，根据链路切换类型以及当前时间和所述要更新端口的上次更新时间之差与地址更新保护时间的比较结果，进行更新端口处理。
2.根据权利要求1所述的处理方法，其特征在于，所述链路切换类型包括链路故障切换以及链路恢复切换。
3.根据权利要求2所述的处理方法，其特征在于，在所述链路切换类型为所述链路故障切换的情况下，所述当所述节点处理链路切换时，将要更新的端口的地址更新状态设定为地址更新准备态的步骤包括:
检测到链路故障的节点通知域中的主节点，阻塞故障链路对应端口的保护业务虚拟局域网转发功能，更新所述故障链路对应端口的媒体接入控制地址表，并且记录地址更新时间；
所述主节点检测到所述链路故障后，放开所述主节点的从端口的保护业务虚拟局域网转发功能，向环上的传输节点发送链路故障状态通知帧，并将所述主节点的主端口地址更新状态设定为所述地址更新准备态；以及
所述传输节点接收到所述链路故障状态通知帧后，将环上端口的地址更新状态设定为所述地址更新准备态。
4.根据权利要求3所述的处理方法，其特征在于，在所述链路切换为所述链路故障切换的情况下，所述根据链路切换类型以及当前时间和所述要更新端口的上次更新时间之差与地址更新保护时间的比较结果进行更新端口处理包括:
当所述当前时间与所述要更新端口上次地址更新时间之差小于所述地址更新保护时间时，将所述要更新端口的地址更新状态设定为地址更新就绪态并且不更新端口地址表。
5.根据权利要求3所述的处理方法，其特征在于，在所述链路切换为所述链路故障切换的情况下，所述根据链路切换类型以及当前时间和所述要更新端口的上次更新时间之差与地址更新保护时间的比较结果进行更新端口处理包括:
当所述当前时间与所述要更新端口上次地址更新时间之差大于所述地址更新保护时间时，将所述要更新端口的地址更新状态设定为地址更新就绪态，更新所述要更新端口的媒体接入控制地址表；
将所述端口的地址更新状态设定为地址更新完成态并且记录地址更新时间。
6.根据权利要求2所述的处理方法，其特征在于，在所述链路切换类型为所述链路恢复切换的情况下，所述当所述节点处理链路切换时，将要更新的端口的地址更新状态设定为地址更新准备态的步骤包括:
所述主节点周期地从所述主端口发送链路健康检测帧；
当从端口接收到所述链路健康检测帧后，阻塞所述从端口的保护业务虚拟局域网转发功能，向环上的传输节点发送链路恢复状态通知帧，并将所述主节点的从端口地址更新状态设定为所述地址更新准备态；以及
所述传输节点接收到所述链路恢复状态通知帧后，将阻塞保护业务虚拟局域网转发功能的端口放开，并将环上端口的地址更新状态设定为所述地址更新准备态。
7.根据权利要求6所述的处理方法，其特征在于，在所述链路切换为所述链路恢复切换的情况下，所述根据链路切换类型以及当前时间和所述要更新端口的上次更新时间之差与地址更新保护时间的比较结果进行更新端口处理包括:
将所述要更新端口的地址更新状态设定为地址更新就绪态，更新所述要更新端口的媒体接入控制地址表；以及
将所述要更新端口的地址更新状态设定为地址更新完成态并且记录地址更新时间。
8.根据权利要求1至7中任一项所述的处理方法，其特征在于，将所述定时器设定为1毫秒至100毫秒的任意一个时间数值。
9.根据权利要求8所述的处理方法，其特征在于，将所述定时器设定为10毫秒。
10.根据权利要求3至7中任一项所述的处理方法，其特征在于，各个环或者域同时更新同一个端口的媒体接入控制地址表。
CNB200710087385XA 2007-04-03 2007-04-03 环网保护的处理方法 Active CN100466584C (zh)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CNB200710087385XA CN100466584C (zh) 2007-04-03 2007-04-03 环网保护的处理方法

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CNB200710087385XA CN100466584C (zh) 2007-04-03 2007-04-03 环网保护的处理方法

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN101035047A CN101035047A (zh) 2007-09-12
CN100466584C true CN100466584C (zh) 2009-03-04

Family

ID=38731364

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CNB200710087385XA Active CN100466584C (zh) 2007-04-03 2007-04-03 环网保护的处理方法

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CN (1) CN100466584C (zh)

Families Citing this family (17)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101582834B (zh) * 2008-05-16 2013-10-09 华为技术有限公司 以太网业务传送中转发表的更新方法和***
CN101662408B (zh) * 2008-08-27 2012-09-05 中兴通讯股份有限公司 基于环网的地址表更新方法和装置
CN101827008A (zh) * 2009-03-04 2010-09-08 中兴通讯股份有限公司 一种控制以太网地址表刷新次数的方法
CN101505270B (zh) * 2009-03-24 2012-04-11 神州数码网络(北京)有限公司 分布式交换机聚合链路快速收敛的方法
CN101895410A (zh) * 2009-05-19 2010-11-24 中兴通讯股份有限公司 一种双归保护域外地址刷新***及方法
CN101938395B (zh) 2009-07-03 2014-08-13 中兴通讯股份有限公司 一种以太环网的单环地址刷新方法及***
CN102035710B (zh) * 2009-09-24 2014-04-09 中兴通讯股份有限公司 一种阻塞端口信息更新的方法及***
CN102142931B (zh) * 2011-01-22 2013-07-10 北京华为数字技术有限公司 一种防止e-trunk丢包的方法、装置和***
CN102123085B (zh) * 2011-02-16 2014-03-19 杭州华三通信技术有限公司 上行链路的切换控制方法以及切换控制装置
WO2014139175A1 (zh) * 2013-03-15 2014-09-18 华为技术有限公司 双上行相切环收敛的方法、设备和***
CN103685079A (zh) * 2014-01-02 2014-03-26 武汉迈威实达软件有限公司 自适应的以太网单环网算法
CN105338127B (zh) * 2014-07-18 2018-12-07 华为技术有限公司 媒体接入控制mac地址表更新方法、交换机及***
CN105897578B (zh) * 2014-09-11 2019-07-02 姬磊 一种快速自愈的变电站环网协议实现方法
WO2016085374A1 (en) * 2014-11-26 2016-06-02 Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson (Publ) Method and a first device for managing data frames in switched networks
CN104539505A (zh) * 2015-01-15 2015-04-22 盛科网络（苏州）有限公司 Eaps通过统计错误报文实现自动切换的方法及***
CN105045674B (zh) * 2015-09-15 2018-11-20 浪潮(北京)电子信息产业有限公司 一种链路切换方法和***
CN116094990B (zh) * 2023-01-19 2024-06-14 重庆长安汽车股份有限公司 基于mac地址转发表的软件优化方法、装置及电子设备

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS6171742A (ja) * 1984-09-14 1986-04-12 Nec Corp ル−プネツトワ−クにおける伝送路制御方式
JPH0787065A (ja) * 1993-09-16 1995-03-31 Fujitsu Ltd データ切替え器
US6038678A (en) * 1996-09-20 2000-03-14 Hitachi, Ltd. Path switching method, path switching apparatus and nodes of UPSR
CN1281302A (zh) * 1999-07-15 2001-01-24 深圳市华为技术有限公司 多安全机制下的同步触发复用段保护倒换和检测方法
CN1499780A (zh) * 2002-10-31 2004-05-26 ���ֿ˰뵼��V.N.���޹�˾ 具有高可行性的以太网背板结构
CN1682461A (zh) * 2002-09-10 2005-10-12 艾利森电话股份有限公司 保护链接监控***
US20060083264A1 (en) * 2004-10-14 2006-04-20 Jordan Patrick D System and method for time synchronizing nodes in an automotive network using input capture

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS6171742A (ja) * 1984-09-14 1986-04-12 Nec Corp ル−プネツトワ−クにおける伝送路制御方式
JPH0787065A (ja) * 1993-09-16 1995-03-31 Fujitsu Ltd データ切替え器
US6038678A (en) * 1996-09-20 2000-03-14 Hitachi, Ltd. Path switching method, path switching apparatus and nodes of UPSR
CN1281302A (zh) * 1999-07-15 2001-01-24 深圳市华为技术有限公司 多安全机制下的同步触发复用段保护倒换和检测方法
CN1682461A (zh) * 2002-09-10 2005-10-12 艾利森电话股份有限公司 保护链接监控***
CN1499780A (zh) * 2002-10-31 2004-05-26 ���ֿ˰뵼��V.N.���޹�˾ 具有高可行性的以太网背板结构
US20060083264A1 (en) * 2004-10-14 2006-04-20 Jordan Patrick D System and method for time synchronizing nodes in an automotive network using input capture

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN101035047A (zh) 2007-09-12

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CN100466584C (zh) 环网保护的处理方法
CN102045229B (zh) 一种以太多环网的拓扑管理方法和***
CN101610193B (zh) 以太环网自动发现及生成环的方法
CN101588304B (zh) 一种vrrp的实现方法和设备
CN102148677B (zh) 一种更新地址解析协议表项的方法及核心交换机
CN102035676A (zh) 基于arp协议交互的链路故障检测与恢复的方法和设备
CN101072154B (zh) 以太环网切换方法
CN101141381B (zh) 网络节点及其所在环网减少媒介接入控制地址学习的方法
CN104869057A (zh) 开放流交换机优雅重启处理方法、装置及开放流控制器
CN106789521B (zh) 一种环网故障倒换方法及环节点
CN102412984B (zh) 一种转发表项的管理方法和设备
CN101442465A (zh) 一种以太环网故障切换中的地址更新方法
CN102035711A (zh) 一种以太环网保护中防止地址表重复刷新的方法及***
CN101483571A (zh) 一种rrpp的配置方法、***及设备
CN102035710A (zh) 一种阻塞端口信息更新的方法及***
CN100444571C (zh) 决定桥角色的方法和***
JP2012529201A (ja) アドレスのリフレッシュ方法及びシステム
CN105075196A (zh) 控制器、通信***、路径切换方法和程序
CN100550811C (zh) 弹性分组环网络节点进行工作模式切换的方法和***
CN104160667A (zh) 双上行相切环收敛的方法、设备和***
US9967137B2 (en) System and method for protecting virtual circuits in dynamic multi-domain environment
CN101425952B (zh) 保障以太环网可靠运行的方法及装置
CN105763483A (zh) 一种报文发送方法和装置
CN101188541A (zh) 弹性分组环rpr桥冗余保护方法和***
CN101262400A (zh) 一种桥模式弹性分组环冗余保护的方法和***

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
C06 Publication
PB01 Publication
C10 Entry into substantive examination
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
C14 Grant of patent or utility model
GR01 Patent grant