CN100462465C - Titanium-zirconium-niobium-tin high-temperature shape memory alloy material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Titanium-zirconium-niobium-tin high-temperature shape memory alloy material and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN100462465C CN100462465C CNB2007101755085A CN200710175508A CN100462465C CN 100462465 C CN100462465 C CN 100462465C CN B2007101755085 A CNB2007101755085 A CN B2007101755085A CN 200710175508 A CN200710175508 A CN 200710175508A CN 100462465 C CN100462465 C CN 100462465C
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- titanium
- zirconium
- niobium
- shape memory
- alloy material
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Images
Landscapes
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a Ti-Zr-Nb-Sn high temperature shape memory alloy material, which consists of 30 to 40atpercent Zr, 0.2 to 10atpercent Nb, 5 to 10atpercent Sn and residual Ti. And the content of all components account for 100percent. The transformation temperature of the alloy material is 201 to 880DEG C, and the shape memory effect is more than 1.50percent; the yield strength at 20DEG C is 350 to 750Mpa and the deformation rate is 12 to 30percent.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of titanium-zirconium-niobium-tin high-temperature shape memory alloy material, by in titanium-zirconium alloy, add niobium and tin element can be in a big way in 201～880 ℃ of martensitic transformation temperatures of adjusting alloys, the high-temperature shape-memory ability of raising alloy.
Background technology
The shape memory alloy that generally martensitic transformation temperature is higher than 200 ℃ is called high-temperature shape memory alloy, and this class material is widely used in fields such as aerospace, fire-fighting, chemical industry and nuclear industry because of its shape memory effect and higher transformation temperature.
Binary TiZr alloy is the high-temperature shape memory alloy with better over-all properties, and its martensitic transformation temperature does not coexist with composition and changes in 600～800 ℃ of scopes, has the shape-memory properties greater than 1%.Ti element and Zr element belong to IVA family together, have similar physical properties and chemical property.For example, the transformation of high temperature bcc to low temperature hcp all takes place in solid phase area in Ti element and Zr element.Based on binary TiZr alloy, when Zr content surpasses 30 at%, there is the martensitic transformation of comparatively high temps to take place, can cause the high temperature memory effect of alloy.
For the Ti-Zr-Nb series titanium alloy, a kind of super elasticity low modulus titanium alloy is disclosed in Granted publication CN1298874C, this alloy composition is 20～35wt%Nb, 2～12wt%Zr, surplus is Ti and unavoidable impurities element.Under room temperature and human body temperature condition, have super-elasticity greater than 2%, less than 60Gpa Young's modulus and high damping properties, but yet there are no relevant report for the relevant high temperature memory performance of Ti-Zr-Nb series titanium alloy.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to propose a kind of TiZrNbSn high-temperature shape memory alloy material, can in a big way, adjust the martensitic transformation temperature of alloy, improve the high-temperature shape-memory ability of alloy by in titanium-zirconium alloy, adding niobium and tin element.This alloy can be used as transformation temperature and is higher than 200 ℃ high-temperature shape memory alloy application, compares with present typical high temperature shape memory alloy TiNiPd, and cost advantage is obvious.
A kind of titanium-zirconium-niobium-tin high-temperature shape memory alloy material of the present invention, form by the zirconium (Zr) of 30at%～40at%, the niobium (Nb) of 0.2at%～10at%, the tin (Sn) of 5at%～10at% and the titanium (Ti) of surplus, and the content sum of above-mentioned each composition is 100%.
Described titanium-zirconium-niobium-tin high-temperature shape memory alloy material, its component are Ti
54Zr
32Nb
10Sn
4Perhaps Ti
60Zr
31Nb
2Sn
7Perhaps Ti
40Zr
40Nb
10Sn
10
Described titanium-zirconium-niobium-tin high-temperature shape memory alloy material, its transformation temperature is at 201 ℃～880 ℃, and shape memory effect is greater than 1.50%; Yield strength in the time of 20 ℃ is 350MPa～750MPa, and deformation rate is 12～30%.
The preparation method of a kind of titanium-zirconium-niobium-tin high-temperature shape memory alloy material of the present invention comprises the following steps:
(1) taking by weighing purity by TiZrNbSn chemical ingredients proportioning is that 99.9% titanium (Ti), purity are that 99.9% zirconium (Zr), purity are that 99.9% niobium (Nb) and purity are 99.9% tin (Sn);
(2) the above-mentioned titanium that takes by weighing, zirconium, niobium, tin raw material are put into non-consumable arc furnace, be evacuated to 2 * 10
-3Pa～5 * 10
-3Pa charges into high-purity argon gas to 1.01 * 10
5Pa is smelted into the TiZrNbSn ingot at 1700 ℃～2000 ℃ then;
(3) the above-mentioned TiZrNbSn ingot that makes is put into vacuum heat treatment furnace and heat-treat, in vacuum tightness 2 * 10
-3Pa～5 * 10
-3Pa, 850 ℃～900 ℃ insulation is after 1～2 hour down for thermal treatment temp, and quenching-in water promptly obtains the TiZrNbSn high-temperature shape memory alloy material.
The advantage of TiZrNbSn high-temperature shape memory alloy material of the present invention: on TiZr alloy basis, can in a big way, adjust the martensitic transformation temperature of alloy, improve the high-temperature shape-memory ability of alloy by adding niobium and tin element.This class alloy phase change temperature is at 201 ℃～880 ℃, and shape memory effect is greater than 1.50%; Yield strength in the time of 20 ℃ is 350MPa～750MPa, and deformation rate is 12～30%.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is Ti
54Zr
32Nb
10Sn
4The compression testing result curve figure of cylinder sample in the time of 20 ℃.
Figure 1A is Ti
60Zr
31Nb
2Sn
7The graphic representation of DSC.
Fig. 2 is Ti
60Zr
31Nb
2Sn
7The compression testing result curve figure of cylinder sample in the time of 20 ℃.
Fig. 2 A is Ti
60Zr
31Nb
2Sn
7The deformation rate graphic representation of cylinder sample in the time of 20 ℃.
Fig. 3 is Ti
40Zr
40Nb
10Sn
10The compression testing result curve figure of cylinder sample in the time of 20 ℃.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.
The present invention is a kind of titanium-zirconium-niobium-tin high-temperature shape memory alloy material, form by the zirconium (Zr) of 30at%～40at%, the niobium (Nb) of 0.2at%～10at%, the tin (Sn) of 5at%～10at% and the titanium (Ti) of surplus, and the content sum of above-mentioned each composition is 100%.
The preparation method and the step of titanium-zirconium-niobium-tin high-temperature shape memory alloy material of the present invention are as follows:
(1) taking by weighing purity by TiZrNbSn chemical ingredients proportioning is that 99.9% titanium, purity are that 99.9% zirconium, purity are that 99.9% niobium (Nb) and purity are 99.9% tin;
(2) above-mentioned titanium, zirconium, niobium and tin raw material are put into non-consumable arc furnace, be evacuated to 2 *
10
-3Pa～5 * 10
-3Pa charges into high-purity argon gas to 1.01 * 10
5Pa is smelted into the TiZrNbSn ingot at 1700 ℃～2000 ℃ then;
(3) the above-mentioned TiZrNbSn ingot that makes is put into vacuum heat treatment furnace and heat-treat, in vacuum tightness 2 * 10
-3Pa～5 * 10
-3Pa, the insulation after 1～2 hour down of 850 ℃～900 ℃ of thermal treatment temps, quenching-in water promptly obtains the titanium-zirconium-niobium-tin high-temperature shape memory alloy material of requirement of the present invention.
Adopt wire cutting method, in the above-mentioned titanium-zirconium-niobium-tin high-temperature shape memory alloy that makes, cut and be of a size of 1 * 1 * 3mm
3Rectangular parallelepiped as the phase transformation specimen, adopt Perkin-Elmer DSC-7 type differential scanning calorimetry instrument to measure martensitic transformation temperature; Cut diameter d=5mm, the right cylinder of height h=8mm adopts MTS-880 type universal material experimental machine to carry out compression pressure-strain testing as the Mechanics Performance Testing sample, and compressive strain speed is 0.02mm/min, and temperature is a room temperature.After being compressed to different prestrains, be heated to the above recovery of shape of transformation temperature, measure the recovery of shape strain behind the cool to room temperature, getting wherein, maximum value is the high-temperature shape-memory effect.
Compare with binary TiZr alloy, TiZrFe and the performance perameter of TiNbZrSn alloy and have higher transformation temperature and phase transformation range in order to verify titanium-zirconium-niobium-tin high-temperature shape memory alloy material of the present invention, the inventor adopt the processing condition of identical embodiment prepare disclosed Ti-among binary TiZr alloy, TiZrFe and the Granted publication CN1298874C (20～35wt%) Nb-(and 2～12wt%) Zr-Sn alloys, the contrast of its performance perameter is as shown in the table:
| Alloy | Yield strength (MPa) in the time of 20 ℃ | Deformation rate (%) | Shape memory effect (%) | Transformation temperature (℃) |
| Ti-Zr-Nb-Sn | 350～750 | 12～30％ | >1.5 | 201～880 |
| TiZrFe | 150～300 | ≥12 | >1.1％ | 0～600 |
| TiZr | 450～700 | ≥15 | >1.0％ | 660～880 |
| Ti-(20～35wt％)Nb- (2～12wt％)Zr-Sn | <500 | >24 | — | — |
TiZrNbSn high-temperature shape memory alloy material of the present invention is compared with binary TiZr alloy material, transformation temperature can be regulated arbitrarily in 201 ℃～880 ℃ scopes, make it can be by regulating the temperature condition that composition reaches a high temperature and uses, better than binary TiZr memorial alloy memory performance, lower than TiNiPd high temperature shape memory alloy cost.
Embodiment 1:System Ti
54Zr
32Nb
10Sn
4Alloy material
(1) presses Ti
54Zr
32Nb
10Sn
4It is that 99.9% titanium, purity are that 99.9% zirconium, purity are that 99.9% niobium and purity are 99.9% tin that composition takes by weighing purity;
(2) above-mentioned titanium, zirconium, niobium and block tin shape raw material are put into non-consumable arc furnace, be evacuated to 5 * 10
-3Pa charges into high-purity argon gas to 1.01 * 10
5Pa is being smelted into the TiZrNbSn ingot then more than 1800 ℃;
(3) vacuum heat treatment furnace that the above-mentioned TiZrNbSn ingot that makes is put into is heat-treated, in vacuum tightness 5 * 10
-3Pa, the insulation after 1 hour down of 900 ℃ of thermal treatment temps, quenching-in water promptly obtains the Ti of requirement of the present invention
54Zr
32Nb
10Sn
4High-temperature shape memory alloy material.
Adopt wire cutting method, at the above-mentioned Ti that makes
54Zr
32Nb
10Sn
4Cut in the alloy material and be of a size of 1 * 2 * 2mm
3Rectangular parallelepiped as the phase transformation specimen, adopting Perkin-Elmer DSC-7 type differential scanning calorimetry instrument to measure its martensitic transformation temperature is 553 ℃ (shown in Figure 1A).Cut diameter d=5mm, the right cylinder of height h=8mm adopts MTS-880 type universal material experimental machine to carry out compression pressure-strain testing as the compression experiment sample, and compressive strain speed is 0.02mm/min, and temperature is a room temperature.It is compressed to 10% stress-strain curves see shown in Figure 1, the compression yield strength 493MPa in the time of 20 ℃, compression maximum distortion rate is 23.8%.By in 6%～12% scope, applying different prestrains, be heated to the above recovery of shape of transformation temperature then, measure the recovery of shape strain, be that to obtain its maximum shape memory effect at 10% o'clock be 2.1% in prestrain.
Embodiment 2:System Ti
60Zr
31Nb
2Sn
7Alloy material
(1) presses Ti
60Zr
31Nb
2Sn
7It is that 99.9% titanium, purity are that 99.9% zirconium, purity are that 99.9% niobium and purity are 99.9% tin that composition takes by weighing purity;
(2) above-mentioned titanium, zirconium and block tin shape raw material are put into non-consumable arc furnace, be evacuated to 5 * 10
-3Pa charges into high-purity argon gas to 1.01 * 10
5Pa is smelted into the TiZrNbSn ingot at 2000 ℃ then;
(3) vacuum heat treatment furnace that the above-mentioned TiZrNbSn ingot that makes is put into is heat-treated, in vacuum tightness 5 * 10
-3Pa, the insulation after 1 hour down of 900 ℃ of thermal treatment temps, quenching-in water promptly obtains the Ti of requirement of the present invention
60Zr
31Nb
2Sn
7High-temperature shape memory alloy material.
Performance test methods is identical with embodiment 1, Ti
60Zr
31Nb
2Sn
7High-temperature shape memory alloy be compressed to 10% stress-strain curves see shown in Figure 2, the compression yield strength 744MPa in the time of 20 ℃, compression maximum distortion rate 27% (shown in Fig. 2 A).By in 6%～12% scope, applying different prestrains, be heated to the above recovery of shape of transformation temperature then, measure the recovery of shape strain, be that to obtain its shape memory effect at 10% o'clock be 1.50% in prestrain.
Embodiment 3: system Ti
40Zr
40Nb
10Sn
10Alloy material
(1) presses Ti
40Zr
40Nb
10Sn
10It is that 99.9% titanium, purity are that 99.9% zirconium, purity are that 99.9% niobium and purity are 99.9% tin that composition takes by weighing purity;
(2) above-mentioned titanium, zirconium and block tin shape raw material are put into non-consumable arc furnace, be evacuated to 5 * 10
-3Pa charges into high-purity argon gas to 1.01 * 10
5Pa is smelted into the TiZrNbSn ingot at 2100 ℃ then;
(3) vacuum heat treatment furnace that the above-mentioned TiZrNbSn ingot that makes is put into is heat-treated, in vacuum tightness 5 * 10
-3Pa, the insulation after 1 hour down of 850 ℃ of thermal treatment temps, quenching-in water promptly obtains the Ti of requirement of the present invention
40Zr
40Nb
10Sn
10High-temperature shape memory alloy material.
Performance test methods is identical with embodiment 1, Ti
40Zr
40Nb
10Sn
10High-temperature shape memory alloy be compressed to 10% stress-strain curves see shown in Figure 3, the compression yield strength 375MPa in the time of 20 ℃.By in 6%～12% scope, applying different prestrains, be heated to the above recovery of shape of transformation temperature then, measure the recovery of shape strain, be that to obtain its shape memory effect at 10% o'clock be 2.89% in prestrain.
Claims (6)
1. titanium-zirconium-niobium-tin high-temperature shape memory alloy material, it is characterized in that: form by the zirconium (Zr) of 30at%～40at%, the niobium (Nb) of 0.2at%～10at%, the tin (Sn) of 5at%～10at% and the titanium (Ti) of surplus, and the content sum of above-mentioned each composition is 100%.
2. titanium-zirconium-niobium-tin high-temperature shape memory alloy material according to claim 1 is characterized in that: this titanium-zirconium-niobium-tin high-temperature shape memory alloy material is Ti
54Zr
32Nb
10Sn
4
3. titanium-zirconium-niobium-tin high-temperature shape memory alloy material according to claim 1 is characterized in that: this titanium-zirconium-niobium-tin high-temperature shape memory alloy material is Ti
60Zr
31Nb
2Sn
7
4. titanium-zirconium-niobium-tin high-temperature shape memory alloy material according to claim 1 is characterized in that: this titanium-zirconium-niobium-tin high-temperature shape memory alloy material is Ti
40Zr
40Nb
10Sn
10
5. titanium-zirconium-niobium-tin high-temperature shape memory alloy material according to claim 1 is characterized in that: this titanium-zirconium-niobium-tin high-temperature shape memory alloy material transformation temperature is at 201～880 ℃, and shape memory effect is greater than 1.50%; Yield strength in the time of 20 ℃ is 350MPa～750MPa, and deformation rate is 12～30%.
6. method for preparing titanium-zirconium-niobium-tin high-temperature shape memory alloy material as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that the following step is arranged:
The first step: taking by weighing purity by the TiZrNbSn composition proportion is that 99.9% titanium (Ti), purity are that 99.9% zirconium (Zr), purity are that 99.9% niobium (Nb) and purity are 99.9% tin (Sn);
Second step: the above-mentioned titanium that takes by weighing (Ti), zirconium (Zr), niobium (Nb), tin (Sn) raw material are put into non-consumable arc furnace, be evacuated to 2 * 10
-3Pa～5 * 10
-3Pa charges into high-purity argon gas to 1.01 * 10
5Pa is smelted into the TiZrNbSn ingot at 1700 ℃～2000 ℃ then;
The 3rd step: the above-mentioned TiZrNbSn ingot that makes is put into vacuum heat treatment furnace heat-treat, in vacuum tightness 2 * 10
-3Pa～5 * 10
-3Pa, 850 ℃～900 ℃ insulation is after 1～2 hour down for thermal treatment temp, and quenching-in water promptly obtains the TiZrNbSn high-temperature shape memory alloy material.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2007101755085A CN100462465C (en) | 2007-09-30 | 2007-09-30 | Titanium-zirconium-niobium-tin high-temperature shape memory alloy material and preparation method thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2007101755085A CN100462465C (en) | 2007-09-30 | 2007-09-30 | Titanium-zirconium-niobium-tin high-temperature shape memory alloy material and preparation method thereof |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN101121985A CN101121985A (en) | 2008-02-13 |
| CN100462465C true CN100462465C (en) | 2009-02-18 |
Family
ID=39084482
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2007101755085A Expired - Fee Related CN100462465C (en) | 2007-09-30 | 2007-09-30 | Titanium-zirconium-niobium-tin high-temperature shape memory alloy material and preparation method thereof |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN100462465C (en) |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20150083281A1 (en) * | 2007-12-26 | 2015-03-26 | General Electric Company | High temperature shape memory alloy actuators |
| CN102690976B (en) * | 2012-05-22 | 2013-09-18 | 北京航空航天大学 | Titanium-zirconium-niobium-iron shape memory alloy and preparation method thereof |
| CN107828988B (en) * | 2017-12-11 | 2020-01-10 | 北京科技大学 | Low-cost Ti-Zr-based high-temperature shape memory alloy and preparation method thereof |
| CN113481409B (en) * | 2021-07-02 | 2022-04-22 | 中南大学 | Biomedical zirconium-based nickel-free low-magnetization-rate shape memory alloy, preparation method thereof and biomedical material |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1648268A (en) * | 2003-12-25 | 2005-08-03 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | Super elasticity low modulus titanium alloy and preparing and processing method |
| CN1693504A (en) * | 2005-05-13 | 2005-11-09 | 王新敏 | Shape memory alloy and its preparation method |
| WO2006082682A1 (en) * | 2005-02-01 | 2006-08-10 | Japan Basic Material Co., Ltd | Ti-Nb-Zr BASED ALLOY |
| US20070137742A1 (en) * | 2003-12-25 | 2007-06-21 | Yulin Hao | Titanium alloy with extra-low modulus and superelasticity and its producing method and processing thereof |
-
2007
- 2007-09-30 CN CNB2007101755085A patent/CN100462465C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1648268A (en) * | 2003-12-25 | 2005-08-03 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | Super elasticity low modulus titanium alloy and preparing and processing method |
| US20070137742A1 (en) * | 2003-12-25 | 2007-06-21 | Yulin Hao | Titanium alloy with extra-low modulus and superelasticity and its producing method and processing thereof |
| WO2006082682A1 (en) * | 2005-02-01 | 2006-08-10 | Japan Basic Material Co., Ltd | Ti-Nb-Zr BASED ALLOY |
| CN1693504A (en) * | 2005-05-13 | 2005-11-09 | 王新敏 | Shape memory alloy and its preparation method |
Non-Patent Citations (4)
| Title |
|---|
| Ti-22Nb-6Zr（at％）合金的超弹性和形状记忆效应. 邓辉，戴品强，许伟长，洪春福.热加工工艺，第36卷第8期. 2007 |
| Ti-22Nb-6Zr（at％）合金的超弹性和形状记忆效应. 邓辉，戴品强，许伟长，洪春福.热加工工艺，第36卷第8期. 2007 * |
| 高温形状记忆合金. 张婕，周乐文，姜东慧，蒋传贵，胡新，文飞.贵金属，第22卷第4期. 2001 |
| 高温形状记忆合金. 张婕，周乐文，姜东慧，蒋传贵，胡新，文飞.贵金属，第22卷第4期. 2001 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN101121985A (en) | 2008-02-13 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| RU2720276C2 (en) | Thermomechanical processing of nickel-titanium alloys | |
| CN104032188B (en) | One has wide temperature range hyperelastic titanium zirconium niobium tantalum shape memory alloy and preparation method thereof | |
| Liu et al. | Mechanical properties and cytocompatibility of oxygen-modified β-type Ti–Cr alloys for spinal fixation devices | |
| CN106367634A (en) | Method for increasing strength and toughness of titanium alloys | |
| CN107828988B (en) | Low-cost Ti-Zr-based high-temperature shape memory alloy and preparation method thereof | |
| Yuan et al. | Effect of directional solidification and porosity upon the superelasticity of Cu–Al–Ni shape-memory alloys | |
| CN100462465C (en) | Titanium-zirconium-niobium-tin high-temperature shape memory alloy material and preparation method thereof | |
| Lou et al. | Effects of high O contents on the microstructure, phase-transformation behaviour, and shape-recovery properties of porous NiTi-based shape-memory alloys | |
| CN100540704C (en) | A kind of titanium-zirconium-base ternary shape memory alloy material and preparation method thereof | |
| CN109047348A (en) | A kind of low elastic modulus superelastic nickel-titanium alloy wire material processing method | |
| CN110238401A (en) | A kind of method that powder rolling prepares high-compactness Fine Grain Ti Alloy | |
| CN102690976B (en) | Titanium-zirconium-niobium-iron shape memory alloy and preparation method thereof | |
| Qu et al. | Martensitic transformation, shape memory effect and superelasticity of Ti–x Zr–(30–x) Nb–4Ta alloys | |
| Park et al. | Effects of Cr and Sn additives on the martensitic transformation and deformation behavior of Ti-Cr-Sn biomedical shape memory alloys | |
| CN101285139A (en) | Titanium-tantalum-zirconium shape memory alloy with low elastic modulus and method for preparing same | |
| CN101020976A (en) | Shape memory Ni-Mn-Fe-Ga alloy material | |
| CN100432256C (en) | Titanium-zirconium-iron shape memory alloy material | |
| CN103509959A (en) | Preparation method of biomedical low elastic modulus titanium tantalum niobium zirconium silicon alloy | |
| TWI516318B (en) | Rolling plate of titanium alloy head and its manufacturing method | |
| Mercier et al. | Mechanical properties of the cold-worked martensitic NiTi type alloys | |
| Zhentao et al. | Shape memory effect and superelastic property of a novel Ti-3Zr-2Sn-3Mo-15Nb alloy | |
| EP3489375A1 (en) | Ternary ti-zr-o alloys, methods for producing same and associated utilizations thereof | |
| CN115198163B (en) | Preparation method of multi-nano-phase reinforced ODS alloy with tensile plasticity | |
| TWI663261B (en) | Composition of titanium alloys with low young's modulus | |
| Liang et al. | Deformation mechanisms of a ZrTiAlV alloy with two ductile phases |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| C17 | Cessation of patent right | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20090218 Termination date: 20091030 |