CN100462279C

CN100462279C - Chassis of electric vehicle

Info

Publication number: CN100462279C
Application number: CNB2007100784767A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 舒红宇; 傍島重憲
Original assignee: Big Letter Ltd Co; Chongqing University
Current assignee: Big Letter Ltd Co; Chongqing University
Priority date: 2007-05-15
Filing date: 2007-05-15
Publication date: 2009-02-18
Anticipated expiration: 2027-05-15
Also published as: CN101028848A

Abstract

A chassis of a personal electric vehicle used to replace walking has a rear end supported by two back wheels via a swinging regulation mechanism, and a front end supported by one or two front wheels. The swinging center of said swinging regulation mechanism is located on the chassis in such state that it is parallel to the axis of back wheel and perpendicular to the running direction of the vehicle. Said back wheels are installed to the far end of a swinging arm on said swinging regulation mechanism. Said swinging regulation can increase or decrease the distance between front and back wheels.

Description

A kind of underframe of electric cycle

Technical field

The present invention relates to electric cycle, relate in particular to the Undercarriage structure of electric cycle.

Background technology

Battery-driven car is as one of vehicle, because environmental protection, simple in structure, the operation simple and easy, and more and more cause people's attention. in especially having, short travelled distance, low-tach, single four-wheel of riding or three-wheel electric cycle, bring great convenience for especially the elderly or individuals with disabilities's etc. traffic.

At present in these electric cycle products, mainly contain two types. a kind of is that its front and back wheel wheelbase is grown (generally greater than 800 millimeters) and had the outdoor type electric cycle that turns to road wheel. it mainly out of doors garden path, the road in the sub-district or on operating range not far highway and footway, for uses such as the elderly or individuals with disabilities. because its wheelbase is longer, when uphill/downhill, braking or acceleration, the accident of tumbling before and after being not easy to occur; But it is also longer because of its wheelbase, corresponding turn radius is just bigger, space occupied when just turning is bigger, thereby be not suitable in indoor narrower space, moving. for example, the elderly or individuals with disabilities are at home, in the supermarket, just easily not using this outdoor type electric cycle. another kind is that the front and back wheel wheelbase is lacked (generally below 600 millimeters), and have an indoor type electric cycle (also claiming electric wheel-chair vehicle) of inertia road wheel. turning to of this indoor type electric cycle is to rely on the velocity contrast of the drive wheel of two individual drive to be realized. when the speed of two drive wheels identical, but during its switched in opposite, this electric wheel-chair vehicle can also rotate by the original place and realize turning. because its front and back wheel wheelbase is shorter, so space occupied when turning is minimum, the elderly or individuals with disabilities are at home, in the supermarket, yet just can use freely fully., it is same because its front and back wheel wheelbase is shorter, when the elderly or individuals with disabilities use this electric wheel-chair vehicle out of doors, at uphill/downhill, under braking or the acceleration situation, the accident of tumbling before and after as easy as rolling off a log the appearance. therefore, in the type electric cycle design indoors, tumbling before and after preventing is a main problem. at present a lot of about the invention of the anti-tipping structure of indoor type electric cycle, the main thought of invention is on the basis of former indoor type electric cycle, increase anti-tipping wheel, as the patent No. is US 6,938,923 B2, name is called the US Patent of electric wheel-chair vehicle (Power Wheelchair). and tumble forward for preventing this car, its center of gravity is moved after relatively; For preventing to tumble backward, this car has installed anti-tip wheel additional in the drive wheel back. and this drive wheel is installed in same suspension arm with anti-tip wheel and links to each other with the support body of electric wheel-chair vehicle by hinge together, when the drive wheel up-and-down movement, can drive the rightabout up-and-down movement of anti-dumping crop rotation, thereby reduce the possibility of turning over behind the wheel Wheel-chair.The possibility of tumbling before and after though the electric wheel-chair vehicle of above-mentioned band anti-tip wheel can reduce, but the wheelbase of wheel is shorter owing to travel in front and back, and anti-tip wheel is not to contact with ground all the time as the wheel that travels, so, in braking, accelerator, there is the bigger front and back luffing of electric wheel-chair vehicle again, and makes the occupant extremely uncomfortable.In addition, increased this anti-tip wheel after, when rotating in its original place of needs, occupied activity space also increases to some extent.So, just occurred not solving in the prior art, not only needed to prevent effectively to tumble, but also do not think to increase excessively the difficult problem in its turning space.

Summary of the invention

At the deficiencies in the prior art, the objective of the invention is, provide a kind of its turning space that both can reduce, the underframe of the electric cycle of tumbling before and after effectively preventing again when needing.

Solveing the technical problem, is a kind of like this underframe of electric cycle.Its aspect same as the prior art is, the rear end of this underframe is supported on two trailing wheels, and the front end of this underframe is supported on the front-wheel.This front-wheel can be one or two (inertia) road wheel, also can be one or two wheel flutter (what have also is drive wheel simultaneously).Its improvements are that trailing wheel of the present invention supports this underframe by a swing regulation mechanism.The center of oscillation of this swing regulation mechanism is positioned on this underframe with the axis that is parallel to this trailing wheel and perpendicular to the state of this electric cycle direction of travel, and this trailing wheel is installed in the swing arm of this swing regulation mechanism and is positioned at a end away from the center of oscillation of this swing regulation mechanism.That is to say that the trailing wheel among the present invention can be done swing and regulate under the driving of swing regulation mechanism.After this did back pendulum adjusting, the front and back wheel wheelbase of its electric cycle is lengthening just; After crop rotation forward swing in back was regulated, the front and back wheel wheelbase of its electric cycle just shortened.

Compare with outdoor type electric cycle of the prior art, because the present invention can shorten wheelbase between the front and back wheel by oscillation adjustment, therefore, it has turn radius to reduce, when spin in the needs original place, the advantage that occupied space is little so just can make things convenient for the elderly or individuals with disabilities, use freely in the supermarket at home.Compare with indoor type electric cycle of the prior art, because the present invention can be by extend wheelbase between the front and back wheel of oscillation adjustment, therefore, it have again can be big at motion space, uphill/downhill is more outdoor travel with higher speed and be not easy to occur before and after the advantage of tumbling.With the patent No. be US 6,938, the electric wheel-chair vehicle of 923 B2 (Power Wheelchair) is compared, owing to do not had that under any circumstance all to exist but be not the anti-tip wheel that whenever can both contact with ground, so, the present invention is at the wheelbase of lengthening between the front and back wheel, when using as the outdoor type electric cycle, just eliminated that the prior art exists the sort of brake, bigger front and back luffing in the accelerator, and make the extremely uncomfortable problem of occupant; Shorten wheelbase between the front and back wheel, when using as the indoor type electric cycle, just overcome the inadequately little defective of the sort of turn radius that the prior art exists again. in brief, the advantage of the existing outdoor type electric cycle of the present invention, again the advantage of indoor type electric cycle arranged.

The present invention is further illustrated below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1---use the structural representation of a kind of electric cycle of the present invention

Fig. 2---the A among Fig. 1 is to view (having omitted seat)

Fig. 3---another uses the structural representation of electric cycle of the present invention

Fig. 4---the B among Fig. 3 is to view (having omitted seat)

Fig. 5---the partial enlarged drawing in I zone among Fig. 1

Fig. 6---the partial enlarged drawing in II zone among Fig. 2

Fig. 7---the partial enlarged drawing in III zone among Fig. 3

Fig. 8---the partial enlarged drawing in IV zone among Fig. 4

Amplification, the cutaway view of worm gear screw rod retarder among Fig. 9---Fig. 1 (or Fig. 3)

The specific embodiment

A kind of underframe of electric cycle is (with reference to figure 1, Fig. 5 and Fig. 3, Fig. 7), what it was same as the prior art is, the rear end of this underframe 1 is supported on two trailing wheels 4. when the front end of this underframe is to be bearing on one or two (inertia) road wheel 2, these two trailing wheels 4 are driven by their drive motor 3 separately, and control two drive wheels that turn to speed discrepancy between them. when the front end of this underframe is to be bearing on one or two wheel flutter, these two trailing wheels 4 are by a drive motor, and two drive wheels that drive by diff. because obvious, this specific embodiment is that drive wheel and two front-wheels are that the underframe that road wheel supports is that example gives to describe in detail with two trailing wheels only. certainly, on this underframe 1, also be fixed with the seat frame that bicycle seat is installed, give the outdoor type electric cycle of mount pad etc. of the storage battery of each drive motor 3 power supply, or the due structure of indoor type electric cycle.In the present invention, this trailing wheel 4 supports this underframe 1 by a swing regulation mechanism.The center of oscillation of this swing regulation mechanism is positioned on this underframe 1 with the axis that is parallel to this trailing wheel 4 and perpendicular to the state of this electric cycle direction of travel, and this trailing wheel 4 is installed in the swing arm 5 of this swing regulation mechanism and is positioned at a end away from the center of oscillation of this swing regulation mechanism.Obviously, do not have bigger change in order to guarantee the electric walk instead vehicle seats as much as possible at adjusting inclined back and forth degree, the maximum angle (θ/2) that this swing arm swing is regulated should be near equating.It is equally evident that, when trailing wheel 4 and road wheel 2 are in the maximum axle spacing position, should be suitable with the wheelbase of existing outdoor type electric cycle, when trailing wheel 4 and road wheel 2 are in minimum wheelbase position, should be suitable with the wheelbase of existing indoor type electric cycle.

In this specific embodiment, this swing regulation mechanism comprises the worm type of reduction gearing 7 that two ends all have the axis of output shaft 6 and these two output shafts 6 all to overlap with described center of oscillation.Swing arm 5 or directly with these two output shafts 6 or by coupler or universal-joint and this two output shaft 6 bonded assemblys prolongations spool (with reference to figure 2, Fig. 4) of being fixed together.That is to say that when the output shaft of existing worm gear screw rod retarder has long enough, when perhaps designing the sufficiently long worm gear screw rod of its output shaft retarder for the present invention specially, its swing arm 5 is directly to be fixedly connected on the output shaft 6.When the output shaft of existing worm gear screw rod retarder falls short of, perhaps consider and when designing worm gear screw rod retarder for the present invention specially according to other conditions, its output shaft also designs to such an extent that fall short of, and its swing arm 5 is fixedly connected on output shaft 6 bonded assemblys and prolongs on the axle.In view of afterwards a situation is very obvious, so in Fig. 2, Fig. 4, Fig. 6 and Fig. 8, all only draw out the structure of the previous case.Obviously, in order to reduce unnecessary transmission device, the drive motor 3 of two trailing wheels 4 is installed in respectively in each self-corresponding swing arm 5.

In this specific embodiment (with reference to figure 2, Fig. 6), the arm hub 51 of swing arm 5 is on the axle head (perhaps prolonging the axle head of axle) that directly is socketed in the output shaft 6 of each self-corresponding worm type of reduction gearing 7, and the bearing 8 at output shaft 6 positions (the perhaps prolongation axial region position of close this axle head) that support near this axle head is installed on this routine underframe 1.In most of the cases, this bearing 8 selects for use antifriction-bearing box better and preferably select cylindrical bearing for use, and preferably this bearing 8 is installed in the bearing seat 19 that is fixed on the underframe 1.

In this specific embodiment (with reference to figure 4, Fig. 8), the output shaft 6 of worm type of reduction gearing 7 is to have tensionally elastic output shaft; The arm hub 51 of swing arm 5 is to be socketed on the axle head (perhaps prolong axle axle head) of the output shaft 6 of each self-corresponding worm type of reduction gearing 7 by each vibration damping.Described vibration damping cover constitutes by circumferentially being fixedly mounted near each plain bearing housing 9 on the underframe 1 of output shaft 6 corresponding positions of this axle head prolongation axle corresponding position of this axle head (perhaps near) and the plain bearing inner ring 10 that circumferentially is fixed on this output shaft 6 (perhaps prolonging axle).The front end of this plain bearing inner ring 10 extends the swing arm coupling end 101 that has to have an axle collar, and the external diameter of this axle collar equates with the external diameter of this plain bearing housing 9.This axle collar is axial limiting faces to this arm hub 51 facing to the shaft shoulder face of arm hub 51 1 sides, between the opposite face of this axle collar facing to the shaft shoulder face of these plain bearing housing 9 one sides and plain bearing housing 9 a pair of friction damping sheet 11 is installed; Extend the rear end of this plain bearing inner ring 10 one section friction force adjustable side, the periphery of this friction force adjustable side screwed on a setting nut (12) and a jam nut (13).Between the relative both ends of the surface of this setting nut 12 and this plain bearing housing 9, one group of diaphragm spring 14 and a pair of friction damping sheet 11 are installed successively.

In conjunction with aforesaid introduction to preceence of the present invention, increasing by a cover swing regulation mechanism on the underframe of electric cycle is the ten minutes nothing the matter.For example, the swing arm of this swing regulation mechanism can be the fork in four bars (or saying four connecting rods) mechanism, and the corresponding design of maximum angle that swing is regulated is located at two dead points of this fork; Again for example, this swing regulation mechanism can be the deformation mechanism of four-bar mechanism, chute promptly is set in swing arm, and the slide block in the chute is the nut in the leading screw and nut mechanism, rotates to drive its nut and then drive swing arm by the rotating of screw mandrel and carries out oscillation adjustment.Two end positions of screw mandrel rotating, the maximum angle that corresponding fork swing is regulated.Obviously, to the driving of these swing regulation mechanisms, both can be manually, also can be to drive by propulsions source such as motors.Disclose so far, those skilled in the art can reproduce fully that the present invention is this to have combined the underframe of existing electric wheel-chair vehicle and outdoor type electric cycle advantage.So the above-mentioned specific embodiment also is the summation of following example.Content identical with this summation part in following example is not given unnecessary details.

Embodiment 1:

This example is on the basis of summation part, for for convenience detach make further improved for example.In this example, the arm hub 51 of swing arm 5 is that state with free-running fit is socketed in the axle head (with reference to figure 2, Fig. 6) of described output shaft 6 (or prolonging axle) or is socketed in (with reference to figure 4, Fig. 8) on the swing arm coupling end 101 of described plain bearing inner ring 10 with the state of free-running fit; On this arm hub 51, intert and be equipped with on the axle head that its front end can insert described output shaft 6 (or prolonging axle) or the anticreep pin 15 in the location pit on the swing arm coupling end 101 of plain bearing inner ring 10.Insert the anticreep pin 15 in this location pit, be by the circle of one between these anticreep pin 15 waists retaining annular groove 151 and the spring latch lock mechanism 152 (with reference to figure 6) that cooperates with this retaining annular groove 151 or compress the retaining spring 16 (with reference to figure 8) that one on this anticreep pin 15 enclose on the axle collar shoulder face by one and prevent that this anticreep pin 15 from withdrawing from.

Further, above-mentioned arm hub 51 can also be by feather key (or passing through spline), is socketed in the axle head of output shaft 6 (or prolong axle) or is socketed on the swing arm coupling end 101 of plain bearing inner ring 10.

After customized design becomes described clearance fit relationship and increased anticreep pin 15, when the user need go on a long journey, just can disassemble swing arm 5 and trailing wheel 4 thereof from underframe 1 easily, take away yet they are placed on respectively in the boot of este wagon.Obviously, other parts of this electric cycle also should disassemble easily.

It is equally evident that, design described feather key (or spline) after, just reduce widely even eliminated fully the circumferential shearing force of this anticreep pin 15, have just had naturally in its reliability and service life to promote and prolong.

Further saying, in order further to improve the traveling comfort of underframe of the present invention, in this specific embodiment, is that the arm body portion of swing arm 5 is made by spring plate at least.That is to say that this swing arm is assembled by three parts.This three part is, the axle sleeve that trailing wheel 4 is installed in the arm hub 51 of swing arm 5 upper ends, the middle arm body section of being made by spring plate and lower end.Wherein, arm hub 51 and the axle sleeve that trailing wheel 4 is installed can be same as the prior art requires selection.

It is beyond any doubt that for the convenience of the users, worm gear screw rod retarder 7 wherein is designed to the best of dynamic source driving.In this specific embodiment (with reference to figure 9), the input shaft 71 of worm type of reduction gearing 7 perhaps links by a coupler or by gear drive 17, chain drive or belt gear and an output shaft of regulating drive motor 18.Obviously, the input shaft 71 of worm gear screw rod retarder 7 and the concrete connection structure of the output shaft of regulating drive motor 18 should be determined according to various concrete vehicles, different designs requirement and other conditions.Gear drive 17 in this example is retarders.

It is equally evident that the limit switch to the maximum angle of swing arm 5 swings adjusting also should be installed in the appropriate location on underframe 1.Described adjusting drive motor 18 can also be a stepping motor.

Claims

1. the underframe of an electric cycle, the rear end of this underframe (1) is supported on two trailing wheels (4), it is characterized in that, and described trailing wheel (4) supports described underframe (1) by a swing regulation mechanism; The center of oscillation of this swing regulation mechanism is positioned on this underframe (1) with the axis that is parallel to this trailing wheel (4) and perpendicular to the state of this electric cycle direction of travel, and the swing arm (5) that this trailing wheel (4) is installed in this swing regulation mechanism is gone up and is positioned at a end away from the center of oscillation of this swing regulation mechanism;

Described swing regulation mechanism comprises the worm type of reduction gearing (7) that two ends all have the axis of output shaft (6) and these two output shafts (6) all to overlap with described center of oscillation; Described swing arm (5) or directly with these two output shafts (6) or spool be fixed together by coupler or universal-joint and the prolongation of this two output shafts (6) bonded assembly;

The arm hub (51) of described swing arm (5) be directly be socketed in each self-corresponding worm type of reduction gearing (7) output shaft (6) axle head or prolong on the axle head of axle, be equipped with on the described underframe (1) and support near output shaft (6) position of this axle head or near the bearing (8) of the prolongation axial region position of this axle head;

The output shaft (6) of described worm type of reduction gearing (7) is to have tensionally elastic output shaft; The arm hub (51) of described swing arm (5) be by each vibration damping be socketed in each self-corresponding worm type of reduction gearing (7) output shaft (6) axle head or prolong on the axle head of axle; Described vibration damping cover is by circumferentially being fixedly mounted near output shaft (6) corresponding position of this axle head or near each plain bearing housing (9) on the described underframe (1) of the prolongation axle corresponding position of this axle head with circumferentially be fixed on this output shaft (6) or the plain bearing inner ring (10) that prolongs on the axle constitutes; The front end of this plain bearing inner ring (10) extends the swing arm coupling end (101) that has to have an axle collar, and the external diameter of this axle collar equates with the external diameter of this plain bearing housing (9); This axle collar is axial limiting faces to this arm hub (51) facing to the shaft shoulder face of described arm hub (51) one sides, between the opposite face of this axle collar facing to the shaft shoulder face of these plain bearing housing (9) one sides and plain bearing housing (9) a pair of friction damping sheet (11) is installed; Extend the rear end of this plain bearing inner ring (10) one section friction force adjustable side, the periphery of this friction force adjustable side screwed on a setting nut (12) and a jam nut (13) are equipped with one group of diaphragm spring (14) and described friction damping sheet (11) successively between this setting nut (12) both ends of the surface relative with this plain bearing housing (9).

2. according to the underframe of the described electric cycle of claim 1, it is characterized in that, the arm hub (51) of described swing arm (5), be that state with free-running fit is socketed in described output shaft (6), or the axle head of prolongation axle, or be socketed in the state of free-running fit on the swing arm coupling end (101) of described plain bearing inner ring (10), go up to intert at this arm hub (51) and its front end is installed can inserts described output shaft (6), or prolong on the axle head of axle, anticreep pin (15) in the location pit on the swing arm coupling end (101) of perhaps described plain bearing inner ring (10); Insert the anticreep pin (15) in this location pit, be by the circle retaining annular groove (151) of one between this anticreep pin (15) waist and the spring latch lock mechanism (152) that cooperates with this retaining annular groove (151) or compress the retaining spring (16) that one on this anticreep pin (15) enclose on the axle collar shoulder face by one and prevent that this anticreep pin (15) from withdrawing from.