CN100455685C - High manganese easy cutting copper zinc alloy - Google Patents
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Abstract
The present invention relates to one kind of free machining high manganese Cu-Zn alloy, which consists of Cu 45- 70 wt%, Mn 7-30 wt%, Pb 0.2-4 wt%, X 0.0001-2 wt%, and Zn and inevitable impurity for the rest; where, X is at least one of elements Fe, As, P, B, Cr, Li, Ni, Sn, Al. The free machining high manganese Cu-Zn alloy has free machining performance similar to that of lead brass, lowered material cost and excellent plastic working performance, and may be used in producing plastic worked product and cast product.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of high manganese easy cutting copper zinc alloy.
Background technology
Easily the cutting leaded brass is to be the traditional copper alloy of major components, interpolation lead with copper, zinc, all there is the alloy designations of series countries in the world, U.S. ASTM standard has been taken in the standard of 22 heterogeneities, CNS GB/T5231-2001 also takes in 11 standards, its Application Areas is very extensive, the brass material of the amount of being to use maximum occupies critical role.It is to improve the mechanical property of free-cutting brass and the alloy of corrosion resistance that publication number is respectively the patent application of TW509727b, EP0903416, JP7197152, US5445687 disclosed, it is on the basis of original free-cutting brass, adds the copper alloy of 2～5 kinds of a small amount of other element inventions.Because the major components of such alloy still is copper and zinc, and the resource of copper, zinc is more and more in short supply at present, price is also more and more higher, make material cost high, therefore, a kind of good cutting ability, good mechanical performance and corrosion resistance that had both had free-cutting brass of urgent hope exploitation, price is cheap relatively again, be easy to press working, the alloy of alternative easy cutting leaded brass.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention provides a kind of good cutting ability, good mechanical performance and corrosion resistance that had both had free-cutting brass, and price is cheap relatively again is easy to the high manganese easy cutting copper zinc alloy that press working becomes various states.
Technical scheme of the present invention is: this high manganese easy cutting copper zinc alloy, and its weight percent consists of: Cu 45～70%, and Mn 7～30%, and Pb 0.2～4%, and X 0.0001～2%, and surplus is zinc and unavoidable impurities; Wherein X is at least a in Fe, As, P, B, Cr, Li, Ni, Sn, nine kinds of elements of Al.
The one of preferred of the weight percent component of high manganese easy cutting copper zinc alloy of the present invention is: Cu 55～64%, and Mn 12～25%, and Pb 0.5～4%, and X 0.001～2%, and surplus is zinc and unavoidable impurities.This preferred ingredient alloy cutting ability is similar with common lead brass, can carry out heat, cold pressure processing, compares with common free-cutting brass, and intensity, hardness improve, and is insensitive to the ammonia cure experiment.The copper zinc alloy of this preferred ingredient, further preferred weight percent component is Cu 58～63%, and Mn 15～22%, and Pb 1～3.8%, and X 0.001～1.5%, and surplus is zinc and unavoidable impurities; Another preferred weight percent component is Cu 55～57%, and Mn 15～25%, and Pb 0.5～3.8%, and X 0.001～1.5%, and surplus is zinc and unavoidable impurities.
What the weight percent component of high manganese easy cutting copper zinc alloy of the present invention was preferred two is: Cu 65～70%, and Mn 7～20%, and Pb 0.2～2.5%, and X 0.001～2%, and surplus is zinc and unavoidable impurities.The copper content and the U.S. ASTM standard C33000 series alloy of this preferred ingredient are approaching, the manganese instead of zinc with 7～20%, and every performance index of alloy change little, still have higher unit elongation, and cold-forming property is good.After adding manganese, insensitive to the ammonia cure experiment.
What the weight percent component of high manganese easy cutting copper zinc alloy of the present invention was preferred three is: Cu 45～54%, and Mn 15～30%, and Pb 0.5～3%, and X 0.001～2%, and surplus is zinc and unavoidable impurities.The alloy of this preferred ingredient, intensity, hardness height, hot workability is good.Because copper content is low, has lower cost.The alloy of this preferred ingredient, further preferred weight percent component is Cu 45～54%, and Mn 20～30%, and Pb 1～3%, and X 0.001～1.5%, and surplus is zinc and unavoidable impurities.
High manganese easy cutting copper zinc alloy of the present invention is selected higher manganese content, is because the alloying advantage of manganese and the price of manganese.The atomic radius of manganese and copper, zinc are approaching, are displaced type sosoloid, and is similar with the effect of zinc, plays the solution strengthening effect, improves intensity, the hardness of alloy, in the reasonable proportioning scope, has the extension property of similar easy cutting leaded brass.Manganese is being in the alloy of main alloy element with zinc, and the zinc equivalent coefficient of manganese is 0.5, and the effect of instead of copper is arranged, and enlarges alpha phase zone.Manganese content is too low, and economy is not obvious, and manganese content is too high, will surmount the purpose of alloy of the present invention, so the manganese content of alloy selects 7～30wt%.
Pb is the important element that improves the alloy cutting ability, in free-cutting copper alloy, exists mutually so that free is independent, and in alloy of the present invention, also be to be free state to exist, the existing cutting lubrication of the plumbous particle of free makes smear metal be fragmental again.But the alloy high speed cutting obtains smooth finish surface.Even add a small amount of lead, cutting ability is improved also obvious, and suitable proportioning is 0.2～4wt%.
X represents at least a in Fe, As, P, B, Cr, Li, Ni, Sn, nine kinds of elements of Al in the described alloy of the present invention, its weight percent composition is Fe 0.001～0.5% more preferably, As 0.02～0.06%, P 0.005～0.04%, and B 0.001～0.02%, and Cr 0.1～0.6%, Li 0.0001～0.1%, Ni 0.001～2%, and Sn 0.001～1%, at least a among the Al 0.001～1.5%; The total amount of X is no more than 2%.
X represents at least a in Fe, As, P, B, Cr, Li, Ni, Sn, nine kinds of elements of Al, and its effect is respectively:
Fe: small amounts of iron energy refinement cast structure and recrystallized structure, improve processing characteristics, a little improves intensity, preferred 0.001～0.5wt% scope in the alloy of the present invention, content is too high, separates out thick rich iron phase, influences cold working.
As: the anti-Dezincification corrosion to brass has good effect, and suitable addition is 0.02～0.06wt% preferably.
P: be generally used for the deoxidation of copper and copper alloy, increase the flowability of melt, the effect that improves Dezincification corrosion and cutting ability is arranged in brass, content is not obvious less than the 0.005wt% effect, no longer increase preferred usual amounts 0.005～0.04wt%. greater than the 0.04wt% effect
B: separately or and the As combined action, have outstanding anti-Dezincification corrosion effect.Optimum content 0.001～0.02wt%.
Cr: the intensity and the wear resistance that increase alloy.The too low effect of content is not obvious, the too high founding degradation of content, suitable preferred proportion 0.1～0.6wt%.
Li: deoxidation prevents that casting from producing pore and pin hole.Because this element is easy oxidization burning loss in melt, control preferable range 0.0001～0.1wt%.
Ni: improve the cold-forming property of alloy, gain in strength, greater than 2%, hardness increases, poor processability, preferred 0.001～2wt%.
Sn: improve corrosive nature, gain in strength and wear resistance.Preferred 0.001～1wt%.
Al: improve the mechanical properties such as intensity, hardness of alloy, can form the oxide film of one deck densification, increase corrosion resisting property, delay variable color, improve anti-stress corrosiveness and improve Dezincification corrosion at alloy surface.The zinc equivalent coefficient height of aluminium significantly dwindles alpha phase zone, reduces cold-forming property, can select according to different copper content and working method.
Compared with prior art, high manganese easy cutting copper zinc alloy of the present invention is a purpose with economy and suitability, has the free cutting property of similar leaded brass; Alloy contains the manganese of higher composition, partly substitutes the effect of zinc-copper, and the alloy materials cost is descended; The pressure machining characteristics of alloy is good, wherein one of preferred ingredient and two alloy, both can carry out hot-work and also can carry out cold working, three alloy of preferred group branchs, hot-work suits.Alloy of the present invention can be used for manufacturing structure spare and web member, and the occasion that is specially adapted to cut is as screw, nut and need the part etc. of boring.Manifest silvery white after the alloy polishing, need the white daily necessities parts of surface plating for making, both be easy to processing, still expose white colour after can also making the coating wearing and tearing, sense organ is good.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment the present invention is described in further detail.
Embodiment of the invention alloy sample preparation method is: ingot casting-railway carriage of batching-Medium frequency induction melting-casting φ 70-hot extrusion φ 12mm rod base-stretching, its flow process is produced identical with conventional lead brass alloy substantially.Comparative sample adopts the Winn bronze with the U.S. under the processing condition, and the trade mark is respectively C36000, C33000 alloy.
The concrete component content of each embodiment of high manganese easy cutting copper zinc alloy of the present invention is listed in table 1 (videing infra).
Consider shape evaluation as cast condition cutting ability to be worth doing according to car during the ingot casting railway carriage, concrete grammar is, with comparative sample C36000 is 100% (C36000 is that universally acknowledged machinability is decided to be 100% Winn bronze), the invention alloy comprehensively compares according to form, the size of smear metal, draws the machinability rating of each invention alloy phase for C36000; Extrusion billet sampling and testing pulling force, hardness; Extrusion billet stretches, and the test working modulus is 19.4% o'clock a mechanical property.Ammonia cure experimental evidence CNS GB/T 10567.2-1997 " copper and copper alloy processing material residual stress method of inspection ammonia cure test method(s) " carries out.The performance test of each embodiment of high manganese easy cutting copper zinc alloy of the present invention is shown in table 2 (seeing page 5).
Table 1 embodiment of the invention alloy compositions (wt%)
| Embodiment | Cu | Mn | Pb | Al | Ni | Sn | Cr | Fe | As | B | Li | P | Zn |
| 1 | 45 | 30 | 1 | 0.5 | - | - | - | - | - | - | 0.002 | - | Surplus |
| 2 | 45 | 20 | 0.5 | 1.5 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | Surplus |
| 3 | 50 | 25 | 2 | 0.001 | - | - | - | - | - | - | 0.1 | 0.04 | Surplus |
| 4 | 54 | 15 | 3 | - | 1.4 | - | - | - | - | - | - | 0.015 | Surplus |
| 5 | 55 | 20 | 0.5 | - | - | - | - | - | - | 0.0013 | 0.0015 | - | Surplus |
| 6 | 55 | 15 | 3 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 0.01 | Surplus |
| 7 | 57 | 25 | 3.8 | - | 1.8 | - | - | - | - | - | - | 0.02 | Surplus |
| 8 | 58 | 15 | 1 | - | - | - | 0.1 | 0.001 | - | - | - | - | Surplus |
| 9 | 59 | 15 | 2.8 | - | - | - | - | 0.001 | - | - | - | - | Surplus |
| 10 | 60 | 22 | 3 | - | - | 0.2 | - | 0.1 | - | - | - | - | Surplus |
| 11 | 61 | 18 | 3.8 | - | - | 0.05 | - | - | 0.06 | - | 0.004 | - | Surplus |
| 12 | 60 | 12 | 2.5 | - | 0.5 | - | 0.6 | - | 0.02 | 0.012 | - | - | Surplus |
| 13 | 62 | 15 | 3.0 | - | - | - | - | - | - | 0.001 | - | 0.007 | Surplus |
| 14 | 63 | 20 | 2.5 | - | 1.8 | - | - | 0.01 | - | - | - | - | Surplus |
| 15 | 65 | 20 | 2.5 | 0.2 | - | - | - | 0.005 | - | - | - | 0.005 | Surplus |
| 16 | 67 | 15 | 0.5 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | Surplus |
| 17 | 70 | 15 | 1.5 | 1.5 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | Surplus |
| 18 | 70 | 15 | 1.5 | - | - | - | - | 0.01 | - | - | - | - | Surplus |
| 19 | 70 | 7 | 0.2 | 0.8 | - | 1 | - | - | 0.03 | - | - | - | Surplus |
| C36000 | 61 | - | 3 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | Surplus |
| C33000 | 67 | - | 0.5 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | Surplus |
From table 2 (videing infra) as seen, with respect to C36000 and C33000, the intensity of alloy of the present invention and hardness improve, and the pressure machining characteristics of alloy is good; Machinability can reach more than 80% of traditional Winn bronze C36000, and the alloy that has even can reach 100% illustrates the cutting ability excellence of alloy of the present invention; Behind stress etching experiment, the trade mark is that traditional Winn bronze of C36000 and C33000 all has cracking phenomena, and alloy surface of the present invention does not have visible crack, illustrates that alloy anticorrosion stress-resistant performance of the present invention is more excellent.
Wherein, embodiment 13 and No. 18 alloys have also been carried out the cutting force test, experiment condition is: diameter of work: φ 10.32mm, cutting is counted: 4 points, the speed of mainshaft: 1120r/min, cutting speed: 36.3107m/min, the amount of feed: 0.1mm/r, back engagement of the cutting edge: 0.8mm.The machinability test result sees Table shown in 3 (the videing infra).
Table 2 embodiment of the invention 1 alloy performance test result
Table 3 alloy cutting force of the present invention test result
| Sample number into spectrum | Tangential force (N) | Axial force (N) | Radial force (N) |
| No. 13 alloys of embodiment | 112.7480 | 101.9713 | 77.6808 |
| No. 18 alloys of embodiment | 133.7571 | 77.0792 | 51.1476 |
| Contrast sample C36000 | 98.4577 | 112.1325 | 80.4297 |
As can be seen from Table 3, the axial force of embodiment and radial force be less than the contrast sample, if draw machinability with the tangential force that contrasts sample C36000 alloy divided by the tangential force of embodiment alloy, No. 13 alloy is 87.33%, No. 18 alloy is 73.61%, and the comprehensive cutting ability of alloy is good.
Also embodiment 9 and No. 16 alloys have been carried out the Dezincification corrosion experiment.Dezincification corrosion experimental evidence CNS GB10119-88 " mensuration of brass Dezincification corrosion resistant performance " carries out, and the test sample carries out with the parallel condition of contrast sample, and test result is listed in table 4.
Table 4 alloy Dezincification corrosion of the present invention result
| Sample | No. 9 alloys of embodiment | Contrast sample C36000 | No. 16 alloys of embodiment | Contrast sample C33000 |
| Depth of corrosion (mm) | ≤0.26 | ≤0.41 | ≤0.37 | ≤0.41 |
As seen from Table 4, the anti dezincification character of high manganese easy cutting copper zinc alloy of the present invention is better than C36000 and C33000 Winn bronze.
In addition, we also No. 20 alloy formulas of the embodiment shown in the employing table 5 carry out the horizontal casting blank, drawn-strip off the skin-anneal-pickling-tensile operational path is produced wire rod (flow process substantially identical with the alloy production of routine).The mechanical property of different states sees Table 6.
Table 5 alloy compositions of the present invention (wt%)
| Embodiment | Cu | Mn | Pb | Ni | Fe | Zn |
| 20 | 63 | 12 | 1 | 1 | 0.1 | Surplus |
Table 6 alloy mechanical property of the present invention
The alloy at room temperature metallographic microstructure is α+a small amount of β+Pb phase constitution.
According to GB/T 10567.2-1997 " copper and copper alloy processing material residual stress method of inspection ammonia cure test method(s) " standard, φ 2.3 hard aspect product are carried out the anti-stress corrosion performance test, find alloy material surface flawless, crackle appears in same specification contrast sample H62 alloy wire.
Take all factors into consideration various experimental results, high manganese easy cutting copper zinc alloy of the present invention has the free cutting property of similar leaded brass; Alloy contains the manganese of higher composition, has the effect that partly substitutes zinc-copper, and the alloy materials cost is descended; The pressure machining characteristics of alloy is good, can be used for production press working product and also can be used to produce cast article.
The foregoing description is used for explaining the present invention, rather than limits the invention, and in spirit of the present invention and claim protection domain, any modification and change to the present invention makes all fall into protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1, a kind of high manganese easy cutting copper zinc alloy is characterized in that: its weight percent consists of: Cu 45～70%, Mn7～30%, and Pb 0.2～4%, and X 0.0001～2%, and surplus is zinc and unavoidable impurities; Wherein X is at least a in Fe, As, P, B, Cr, Li, Ni, Sn, nine kinds of elements of Al.
2, high manganese easy cutting copper zinc alloy according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the weight percent of each element consists of in the described alloy: Cu 55～64%, and Mn 12～25%, and Pb 0.5～4%, X 0.001～2%, and surplus is zinc and unavoidable impurities.
3, high manganese easy cutting copper zinc alloy according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: the weight percent of each element consists of in the described alloy: Cu 58～63%, and Mn 15～22%, and Pb 1～3.8%, X 0.001～1.5%, and surplus is zinc and unavoidable impurities.
4, high manganese easy cutting copper zinc alloy according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: the weight percent of each element consists of in the described alloy: Cu 55～57%, and Mn 15～25%, and Pb 0.5～3.8%, X 0.001～1.5%, and surplus is zinc and unavoidable impurities.
5, high manganese easy cutting copper zinc alloy according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the weight percent of each element consists of in the described alloy: Cu 65～70%, and Mn 7～20%, and Pb 0.2～2.5%, X 0.001～2%, and surplus is zinc and unavoidable impurities.
6, high manganese easy cutting copper zinc alloy according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the weight percent of each element consists of in the described alloy: Cu 45～54%, and Mn 15～30%, and Pb 0.5～3%, X 0.001～2%, and surplus is zinc and unavoidable impurities.
7, high manganese easy cutting copper zinc alloy according to claim 6, it is characterized in that: the weight percent of each element consists of in the described alloy: Cu 45～54%, and Mn 20～30%, and Pb 1～3%, X 0.001～1.5%, and surplus is zinc and unavoidable impurities.
8, according to claim 1,2,5 or 6 described high manganese easy cutting copper zinc alloys, it is characterized in that: the weight percent content of described alloying constituent X is Fe 0.001～0.5%, As 0.02～0.06%, P 0.005～0.04%, and B 0.001～0.02%, and Cr 0.1～0.6%, Li 0.0001～0.1%, Ni 0.001～2%, and Sn 0.001～1%, at least a among the Al 0.001～1.5%; The total amount of X is no more than 2%.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US8568656B2 (en) | 2010-03-02 | 2013-10-29 | Xiamen Lota International Co., Ltd. | Environment-friendly manganese brass alloy and manufacturing method thereof |
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| CN103555994B (en) * | 2013-10-18 | 2015-10-07 | 苏州天兼新材料科技有限公司 | A kind of alloy pig with superior plasticity of forging and manufacture method thereof |
| CN109882861A (en) * | 2017-12-06 | 2019-06-14 | 江苏赛尔亚环保科技有限公司 | A kind of incinerator burner material |
| CN110904357A (en) * | 2019-12-17 | 2020-03-24 | 贵溪华泰铜业有限公司 | Method for processing special-shaped copper pipe |
| CN112063882B (en) * | 2020-09-15 | 2021-10-12 | 九牧厨卫股份有限公司 | Lead-free copper alloy for casting and preparation method thereof |
| CN115927906A (en) * | 2022-11-23 | 2023-04-07 | 宁波博威合金材料股份有限公司 | Low-nickel-zinc cupronickel alloy and preparation method thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1058236A (en) * | 1991-07-25 | 1992-01-29 | 宁波市江东铜材厂 | Easy cut rare earth leaded brass |
| CN1557981A (en) * | 2004-01-15 | 2004-12-29 | 宁波博威集团有限公司 | Non-lead free cutting antimony yellow copper alloy |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1058236A (en) * | 1991-07-25 | 1992-01-29 | 宁波市江东铜材厂 | Easy cut rare earth leaded brass |
| CN1557981A (en) * | 2004-01-15 | 2004-12-29 | 宁波博威集团有限公司 | Non-lead free cutting antimony yellow copper alloy |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US8568656B2 (en) | 2010-03-02 | 2013-10-29 | Xiamen Lota International Co., Ltd. | Environment-friendly manganese brass alloy and manufacturing method thereof |
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