CN1004514B - Method for measuring profile accuracy for large gear whee/on site - Google Patents
Method for measuring profile accuracy for large gear whee/on site Download PDFInfo
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- CN1004514B CN1004514B CN85102874.8A CN85102874A CN1004514B CN 1004514 B CN1004514 B CN 1004514B CN 85102874 A CN85102874 A CN 85102874A CN 1004514 B CN1004514 B CN 1004514B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000009897 systematic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
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- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a measuring method for a gear, particularly to a method for measuring the gear form precision of the large gear on a machine tool in situ. The method is realized by processing four additional systems of the machine tool of the gear. The four additional systems are a gear form sensor system, an angular displacement sensor system, a turning error sensor system and a controlling and data processing system. The method can realize the gear form precision of the large gear measurement with high precision on various machine tools in situ.
Description
The present invention relates to a kind of measuring method and device of the form of gear tooth, more particularly it relates to a kind of method and apparatus of measuring the large gear profile of tooth on lathe on the spot.
In the prior art, many effective ways are arranged in order to measure middle-size and small-size tooth-formation of gear.But to large gear, because the increase of size, weight, measure and get up to have many difficulties, adopt large-scale desk-top instrument, though can obtain higher measuring accuracy, but instrument cost height, the size of tested gear, weight range are subjected to the restriction of Instrument specification, and are difficult to this large-scale desk-top instrument is used for processing site; Adopt the small portable instrument, though use easily, it is not high to align precision when installing at the scene, influences measuring reliability.One piece of article that is entitled as " a kind of new gear wheel measuring system " has proposed a kind of measuring system on the spot in international gear in Tokyo in 1981 and the power transmission academic discussion collected works, this system realizes by add a few part backup systems on hobbing machine the measurement of gear wheel profile of tooth, backup system comprises that with diameter be the outer round surface that 2200 millimeters ultra-large type annular magnetic scale is installed in gear hobbing machine worktable, in order to measure the angular displacement of tested gear; A profile of tooth sensor is in order to measure the straight-line displacement at the gauge head of rolling circle tangential direction motion; Control and data processing equipment, control automatic measurements and calculations error for one.This system has realized rolling measurement automatically on the spot on the bed, but when surveying the gear angular displacement, for avoiding because on the structure that causes greatly of size and the difficulty on the precision, do not adopt ready-made angular displacement sensor, but special ultra-large type annular magnetic scale and worktable are integrated, technologies such as the manufacturing of this ultra-large type magnetic scale, installation, record magnetic, adjustment are much more difficult with respect to adopting ready-made angular displacement sensor, and are difficult to make one and are attached on gear cutting machine, lathe, grinding machine and other type lathe general.In addition particularly importantly, measure on the spot and on machining tool, carry out, the turn error that has comprised lathe in the tooth error of measuring, above-mentioned measuring system does not manage to eliminate this error effect, the reliability of measurement result will depend on the rotating accuracy of lathe to a great extent like this, and concerning general lathe, turn error can not be ignored the influence of the tooth error surveyed.
The objective of the invention is, by the additional simple aided measurement device of several parts on lathe, be implemented on all kinds lathe, profile of tooth to all size, all kinds gear wheel is measured on the spot, and manage to eliminate effectively of the influence of the systematic error of machine tool rotary sum of errors aided measurement device to measurement result, with the high precision that obtains to measure on the spot.
Design of the present invention is, leans against on the lathe additional four part servicing units and realizes gear wheel profile of tooth high-acruracy survey on the spot.Its method is
(1) additional on gear cutting machine:
A profile of tooth sensor device makes the profile of tooth gauge head move along tested rolling circle tangential direction, is used to measure the displacement X of profile of tooth gauge head;
An angle displacement transducer apparatus is used to measure the angle of revolution θ of above-mentioned tested gear;
A turn error sensor device, be used to measure above-mentioned tested gear when revolution axial movement value △ Z and the radial beat eccentricity △ X on tooth profile measurement error sensitive direction, be used to compensate the dynamic rotation error of above-mentioned lathe;
Control and data processing equipment, be used to calculate tooth error for one;
(2) give the systematic error of elder generation, be used to compensate its static error at above-mentioned control and above-mentioned profile of tooth of data processing device for storage and angle displacement transducer apparatus;
(3) rotate above-mentioned system under test (SUT), drive the motion of above-mentioned profile of tooth gauge head, detect above-mentioned X, θ, △ Z, each signal of △ X is sent into above-mentioned control and data processing equipment, according to giving the said system error of storage earlier, carry out static state and dynamic error compensation, calculate tested tooth-formation of gear error then.
The specialized equipment of realizing above-mentioned measuring method comprises:
(1) profile of tooth sensor device, its additional being installed on the said gear machining tool, it is by linear rolling track.Can make parallel mobile profile of tooth gauge head along this guide rail, measure linear displacement transducer and the base of the displacement X of profile of tooth gauge head and form; The signal X that records sends into control and data processing equipment;
(2) angle displacement transducer apparatus, it is additional be installed in the same axis of tested gear on, it comprises angular displacement sensor fixture, angular displacement sensor movement parts and precision bearing; Any one is mounted to tested gear and turns round synchronously in above-mentioned angular displacement sensor movement parts and the fixture, measures the rotational angle theta of tested gear by the relative motion between above-mentioned movement parts and the fixture, and sends into control and data processing equipment;
(3) turn error sensor device, it is installed on the gear cutting machine, and it comprises at least two linear movement pick-ups; Axial movement value △ Z and radial beat eccentricity △ X when recording the revolution of tested gear send into control and data processing equipment.
(4) control and data processing equipment, it comprises signal processor, robot calculator and output device thereof.
Effect of the present invention is, by the additional simple servicing unit of several parts on lathe, all kinds have been realized on all kinds lathe, measuring on the spot, the purpose of all size large gear profile of tooth, and, make and use measuring method on the spot provided by the invention can obtain higher measuring accuracy reliably owing to managed to eliminate effectively of the influence of the systematic error of machine tool rotary sum of errors aided measurement device to measurement result.
Accompanying drawing 1 is the first embodiment of the invention synoptic diagram.
Accompanying drawing 2 is second embodiment of the invention synoptic diagram.
Accompanying drawing 3 is synoptic diagram that angular displacement sensor and tested gear parallel shafts are installed.
Accompanying drawing 4 is synoptic diagram that angular displacement sensor is installed on the transmission shaft of being drawn by machine tool chief axis.
With reference to above-mentioned each accompanying drawing most preferred embodiment of the present invention is elaborated below.
Embodiment shown in Figure 1 is in horizontal situation of rolling measurement axis gear on bed or the lathe, adds four part servicing units, the one, profile of tooth sensor device on bed or the lathe horizontal rolling; Wherein linear inductosyn scale 2 is fixed on the suitable position of lathe by base 5, make the rolling guide 14 on the base 5 vertical with machine tool chief axis, line inductosyn slide rule 1 is connected as a single entity by slide plate 3 and profile of tooth gauge head 4, form the device of an energy along the rolling guide translation on the base 5, the profile of tooth gauge head 4 that contacts with tested gear 12 flank of tooth keeps moving along tested gear 12 basic circle tangential directions, and weight 24 usefulness are so that profile of tooth gauge head 4 keeps certain pressure with tested gear 12 flank of tooth; The 2nd, the angle displacement transducer apparatus: it adopts high-precision bearing 6 to connect round induction synchrometer stator 8 and round induction synchrometer rotor 7, form a round induction synchrometer device, with this device install to tail stock for machine tool special top 22 on, round induction synchrometer rotor 7 can drive revolution synchronously by the magnetic driving lever 21 that is contained on the tested gear 12; The 3rd, turn error sensor: utilize 12 of tested gears to go up original basic circle cylinder a and datum end face b, each reference field a, b keep in touch each with it with an inductance probe 11, on basic circle cylinder a, inductance probe 11 contacts with the basic circle cylinder on the sensitive direction of influence measurement tooth error; The 4th, control and data processing equipment: it mainly comprises signal processor 15, robot calculator 16 and output device 17 thereof; When above-mentioned servicing unit manufacturing is debugged, the systematic error of tooth error sensor device and angle displacement transducer apparatus is measured and deposited in the robot calculator 16 by the fixed zero method.During measurement, tested gear 12 revolutions, simultaneously by line inductosyn 1,2 detect the displacement X of profile of tooth gauge head 4, by round induction synchrometer 7,8 detect the rotational angle theta of tested gear 12, by inductance probe 11 detect tested gear 12 with inductance probe 11 contact points on axial movement value △ Z and the radial beat eccentricity △ X on profile of tooth gauge head 4 direction of motion, control and data processing equipment detect above-mentioned three road signals automatically synchronously, through signal Processing, deposit in the robot calculator 16, by the data of robot calculator 16, do and set out according to input in systematic error of giving the servicing unit of storing earlier and the measurement, static compensation also calculates actual tooth error.
Referring to the accompanying drawing 2 of second embodiment of the invention, this embodiment is in the vertical situation of measuring the gear ring gear on the bed of rolling.Rolling additional four part servicing units on the bed: the one, the profile of tooth sensor device, its center line inductosyn scale 2 is fixed on the suitable position that rolls bed by base 5, make rolling guide on the base 5 with to roll a main shaft vertical, line inductosyn slide rule 1 is connected as a single entity by slide plate 3 and profile of tooth gauge head 4, form the device of an energy along the rolling guide translation on the base 5, the profile of tooth gauge head 4 that contacts with tested gear 12 flank of tooth keeps moving along tested gear 12 basic circle tangential directions; The 2nd, the angle displacement transducer apparatus, it adopts high-precision bearing to connect round induction synchrometer stator 8 and round induction synchrometer rotor 7, form a device, this device is contained on the mandrel 32 that is fixed in the worktable tapered sleeve 33, fixed arm 43 limits round induction synchrometer stator 8 and does not rotate with mandrel 32; The 3rd, the turn error sensor device: the annulus 31 that will have basic circle cylinder a and datum end face b is loaded on the mandrel 32, and each reference field a, b have an inductance probe 11 to keep in touch with it.On basic circle cylinder a, inductance probe 11 contacts with basic circle cylinder a on the sensitive direction of influence measurement tooth error; The 4th, control and data processing equipment: it mainly comprises signal processor 15, robot calculator 16 and output device 17 thereof, when above-mentioned servicing unit manufacturing is debugged, the systematic error of tooth error sensor device and angle displacement transducer apparatus is measured and deposited in the robot calculator 16 by the fixed zero method.During measurement, tested gear 12 revolutions, simultaneously by line inductosyn 1,2 detect the displacement X of profile of tooth gauge head 4, by round induction synchrometer 7,8 detect the corner of tested gear 12, detect reference field a by inductance probe 11, b with inductance probe 11 contact points on axial string momentum △ Z and along the radial beat eccentricity △ X of profile of tooth gauge head 4 direction of motion, control and data processing equipment detect above-mentioned three road signals automatically synchronously, through signal Processing, deposit in the robot calculator 16, by the data of computing machine 16, set out according to input in systematic error of giving the servicing unit of storing earlier and the measurement, static compensation also calculates actual tooth error.
As further feature of the present invention, in the turn error sensor device,, then directly utilize (as Fig. 1) if on the tested gear basic circle cylinder a and datum end face b are arranged; If do not have, mandrel 32(such as Fig. 2 that the annulus 31 that then will have basic circle cylinder a and a datum end face b is contained on the tested gear 12 or installs on the machine tool chief axis or with the machine tool chief axis coaxial cable).The diagonal displacement sensor device if tested gear axle diameter is not too big, can be installed in the angle displacement transducer apparatus on the gear mandrel; The shaft gear bigger to diameter, angle displacement transducer apparatus can be contained on special top 22, and gear 12 drives angular displacement sensor movement parts 7 by driving lever 21 and rotates (with reference to figure 1); To the gear ring gear, the angle displacement transducer apparatus can be installed in the coaxial mandrel 32 of platen on (with reference to figure 2); When above-mentioned way can't realize, the angular displacement of tested gear can be passed to by fricton-tight steel band 52 and be installed on special, parallel with the machine tool chief axis rotation axis 53 (with reference to figure 3), the angle displacement transducer apparatus is contained in the rotating shaft 53; If the angular displacement of machine tool chief axis can be drawn, the angular motion of machine tool chief axis can be guided on the transmission shaft 42 with the main shaft coaxial cable by accurate shaft coupling 40, the angle displacement transducer apparatus is contained in (with reference to figure 4) on this transmission shaft 42.Compensation for the systematic error of profile of tooth sensor device and angle displacement transducer apparatus can adopt the fixed zero method to realize by robot calculator.The profile of tooth sensor can adopt line inductosyn, long grating or magnetic scale; Angular displacement sensor can adopt round induction synchrometer, circle grating or magnetic drum; The turn error sensor can adopt inductance probe or capacitive transducer.
Claims (31)
1, a kind of on gear cutting machine the method for prototype gear profile of tooth on the spot, this method comprises:
(1) additional on gear cutting machine:
A profile of tooth sensor device makes the profile of tooth gauge head move along tested rolling circle tangential direction, is used to measure the displacement X of profile of tooth gauge head;
An angle displacement transducer apparatus is used to measure the angle of revolution θ of above-mentioned tested gear;
A turn error sensor device, axial movement value △ Z when being used to measure above-mentioned tested gear revolution and the radial beat eccentricity △ X on the tooth profile measurement error sensitive direction are used to compensate the dynamic rotation error of above-mentioned lathe;
Control and data processing equipment, be used to calculate tooth error for one;
(2) give the systematic error of elder generation, be used to compensate its static error at above-mentioned control and above-mentioned profile of tooth of data processing device for storage and angle displacement transducer apparatus;
(3) rotate above-mentioned tested gear, drive above-mentioned profile of tooth gauge head motion, detect above-mentioned X, θ, △ Z, each signal of △ X are sent into above-mentioned control and data processing equipment, according to giving the said system error of storage earlier, carry out static state and dynamic error compensation, calculate tested tooth-formation of gear error then.
2,, it is characterized in that the turn error sensor device draws axial movement value △ Z and the radial beat eccentricity △ X of tested gear when turning round by datum end face and the basic circle cylinder that measurement is installed on the tested gear according to the described measuring method of claim 1.
3,, it is characterized in that the turn error sensor device is installed in datum end face being arranged and have the annulus of basic circle cylinder to draw axial movement value △ Z and the radial beat eccentricity △ X of tested gear when turning round on the tested gear by measurement according to the described measuring method of claim 1.
4,, it is characterized in that the turn error sensor device draws axial movement value △ Z and the radial beat eccentricity △ X of tested gear when turning round by datum end face and the basic circle cylinder of measuring on the machine tool chief axis that tested gear is installed according to the described measuring method of claim 1.
5,, it is characterized in that axial movement value △ Z and radial beat eccentricity △ X when the turn error sensor device is installed in the annulus that datum end face and basic circle cylinder are arranged on the machine tool chief axis that tested gear is housed and draws tested gear revolution by measurement according to the described measuring method of claim 1.
6, according to the described measuring method of claim 1, it is characterized in that above-mentioned turn error sensor device by measurement be installed in the coaxial mandrel of the machine tool chief axis that tested gear is housed on the annulus that datum end face and basic circle cylinder are arranged draw axial movement value △ Z and the radial beat eccentricity △ X of tested gear in when revolution.
7, a kind of specialized equipment according to the described prototype gear profile of tooth of claim 1 method, it comprises:
(1) profile of tooth sensor device, its additional being installed on the said gear machining tool, it by linear rolling track (2), (3), (14), can make parallel mobile profile of tooth gauge head (4) along this guide rail, linear displacement transducer (1), (2) and the base (5) of measuring the displacement X of profile of tooth gauge head form; The above-mentioned displacement X that records sends into control and data processing equipment (15) (16) (17);
(2) angle displacement transducer apparatus, it is additional be installed in the same axis of tested gear on, it comprises angular displacement sensor fixture (8), angular displacement sensor movement parts (7) and precision bearing (6); Any one is mounted to tested gear and turns round synchronously in above-mentioned angular displacement sensor movement parts (7) and the fixture (8), by the relative motion between above-mentioned movement parts (7) and the fixture (8), measure the rotational angle theta of tested gear, and send into control and data processing equipment (15), (16) (17);
(3) turn error sensor device, it is installed on the gear cutting machine, it comprises at least two linear displacement transducers (11), and axial movement value △ Z when recording the revolution of tested gear and radial beat eccentricity △ X send into control and data processing equipment (15), (16), (17);
(4) control and data processing equipment, it comprises signal processor (15), robot calculator (16) and output device (17) thereof.
8,, it is characterized in that above-mentioned angle displacement transducer apparatus is additional to be installed on the tested gear mandrel by the specialized equipment of the described prototype gear profile of tooth of claim 7.
9,, it is characterized in that above-mentioned angle displacement transducer apparatus is additional to be installed on the mandrel (32) that is positioned at tested Gear axis position by the specialized equipment of the described prototype gear profile of tooth of claim 7.
10,, it is characterized in that above-mentioned angle displacement transducer apparatus is additional to be installed on special top (22) by the described prototype gear profile of tooth of claim 7 specialized equipment.
11,, it is characterized in that above-mentioned angle displacement transducer apparatus is additional to be installed on the transmission shaft (42) of drawing from machine tool chief axis with accurate shaft coupling (40) by the described prototype gear profile of tooth of claim 7 specialized equipment.
12,, it is characterized in that above-mentioned angle displacement transducer apparatus is additional to be installed on the axis parallel with tested gear by the specialized equipment of the described prototype gear profile of tooth of claim 7.
13, press the specialized equipment of the described prototype gear profile of tooth of claim 12, it is characterized in that above-mentioned angle displacement transducer apparatus is installed in additional and the rotating shaft gear cutting machine spindle parallel (53), the angular motion of tested gear is passed to above-mentioned angle displacement transducer apparatus by fricton-tight steel band (52).
14, by the specialized equipment of the described prototype gear profile of tooth of claim 7, it is characterized in that the linear displacement transducer of profile of tooth (1) is measured in above-mentioned being used to, (2) are a kind of line inductosyns.
15, by the specialized equipment of the described prototype gear profile of tooth of claim 7, it is characterized in that the above-mentioned linear displacement transducer that is used for the profile of tooth sensor (1), (2) are a kind of long gratings.
16, by the specialized equipment of the described prototype gear profile of tooth of claim 7, it is characterized in that the above-mentioned linear displacement transducer that is used for the profile of tooth sensor (1), (2) is characterized in that a kind of magnetic scale.
17, by the specialized equipment of the described prototype gear profile of tooth of claim 7, it is characterized in that above-mentioned angular displacement sensor is a kind of round induction synchrometer.
18, by the specialized equipment of the described prototype gear profile of tooth of claim 7, it is characterized in that above-mentioned angular displacement sensor is a kind of round grating.
19, by the specialized equipment of the described prototype gear profile of tooth of claim 7, it is characterized in that it is a kind of inductance probe that the linear movement pick-up of turn error (11) is measured in above-mentioned being used to.
20, by the specialized equipment of the described prototype gear profile of tooth of claim 7, it is characterized in that it is a kind of capacitive transducer that the linear displacement transducer of turn error (11) is measured in above-mentioned being used to.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN85102874.8A CN1004514B (en) | 1985-04-01 | 1985-04-01 | Method for measuring profile accuracy for large gear whee/on site |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN85102874.8A CN1004514B (en) | 1985-04-01 | 1985-04-01 | Method for measuring profile accuracy for large gear whee/on site |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN85102874A CN85102874A (en) | 1987-01-10 |
| CN1004514B true CN1004514B (en) | 1989-06-14 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN85102874.8A Expired CN1004514B (en) | 1985-04-01 | 1985-04-01 | Method for measuring profile accuracy for large gear whee/on site |
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| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1004514B (en) |
Families Citing this family (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102927952B (en) * | 2012-06-26 | 2015-04-22 | 沈阳黎明航空发动机(集团)有限责任公司 | Method for detecting diameter of outer wall of tapered case of aviation engine on line |
| CN104266574B (en) * | 2014-10-13 | 2017-08-25 | 江苏微特利电机股份有限公司 | Glitch detection machine |
| CN105423883A (en) * | 2016-01-25 | 2016-03-23 | 苏州市尚科产品检测中心 | High-precision detector for automatically detecting coaxiality and jitter of detection bar |
| CN106247927B (en) * | 2016-08-09 | 2019-08-20 | 电子科技大学 | A kind of negative cruvature ruled surface measuring device for surface roughness and method |
| CN107063678B (en) * | 2016-10-27 | 2019-08-09 | 大连理工大学 | One kind is from base standard gear and its measurement method |
| CN107529473B (en) * | 2017-08-28 | 2023-12-08 | 中国科学院西安光学精密机械研究所 | Cylinder zoom cam machining precision detection device and application method thereof |
| CN111037006A (en) * | 2019-12-24 | 2020-04-21 | 大连德迈仕精密科技股份有限公司 | Method for machining and measuring miniature precise helical gear by taking mandrel as machining reference |
-
1985
- 1985-04-01 CN CN85102874.8A patent/CN1004514B/en not_active Expired
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| CN85102874A (en) | 1987-01-10 |
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