CN100441744C - Method for manufacturing utensil for drinking water system made from lead-containing copper alloy, cast and lead-removed utensil for drinking water system, and utensil for drinking water system - Google Patents
Method for manufacturing utensil for drinking water system made from lead-containing copper alloy, cast and lead-removed utensil for drinking water system, and utensil for drinking water system Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN100441744C CN100441744C CNB2004800065636A CN200480006563A CN100441744C CN 100441744 C CN100441744 C CN 100441744C CN B2004800065636 A CNB2004800065636 A CN B2004800065636A CN 200480006563 A CN200480006563 A CN 200480006563A CN 100441744 C CN100441744 C CN 100441744C
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- lead
- water
- product
- utensil
- casting
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 105
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 59
- 229910000881 Cu alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 239000003651 drinking water Substances 0.000 title abstract 4
- 235000020188 drinking water Nutrition 0.000 title abstract 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 157
- 229910001868 water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 157
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 84
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 56
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- 238000009713 electroplating Methods 0.000 claims description 31
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 150000003016 phosphoric acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium hydroxide Inorganic materials [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 78
- 235000011121 sodium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 36
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 17
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 16
- 238000005238 degreasing Methods 0.000 description 14
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 13
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 13
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 12
- 235000011007 phosphoric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 12
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 11
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 7
- -1 alkylbenzene sodium sulfate Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 238000005488 sandblasting Methods 0.000 description 6
- KRVSOGSZCMJSLX-UHFFFAOYSA-L chromic acid Substances O[Cr](O)(=O)=O KRVSOGSZCMJSLX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- AWJWCTOOIBYHON-UHFFFAOYSA-N furo[3,4-b]pyrazine-5,7-dione Chemical compound C1=CN=C2C(=O)OC(=O)C2=N1 AWJWCTOOIBYHON-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- YEXPOXQUZXUXJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead(II) oxide Inorganic materials [Pb]=O YEXPOXQUZXUXJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- LRXTYHSAJDENHV-UHFFFAOYSA-H zinc phosphate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[Zn+2].[Zn+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O LRXTYHSAJDENHV-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 5
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Fluoride anion Chemical compound [F-] KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000003352 sequestering agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 229910018487 Ni—Cr Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- VNNRSPGTAMTISX-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium nickel Chemical compound [Cr].[Ni] VNNRSPGTAMTISX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 3
- HTUMBQDCCIXGCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Pb+2] HTUMBQDCCIXGCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008719 thickening Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910000165 zinc phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910000906 Bronze Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- JPVYNHNXODAKFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cu2+ Chemical compound [Cu+2] JPVYNHNXODAKFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene oxide Chemical compound C1CO1 IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 206010070834 Sensitisation Diseases 0.000 description 2
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000003929 acidic solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003945 anionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010974 bronze Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000001844 chromium Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper tin Chemical compound [Cu].[Sn] KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- GNTDGMZSJNCJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N divanadium pentaoxide Chemical compound O=[V](=O)O[V](=O)=O GNTDGMZSJNCJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WQYVRQLZKVEZGA-UHFFFAOYSA-N hypochlorite Chemical compound Cl[O-] WQYVRQLZKVEZGA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MOUPNEIJQCETIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead chromate Chemical compound [Pb+2].[O-][Cr]([O-])(=O)=O MOUPNEIJQCETIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RVPVRDXYQKGNMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead(2+) Chemical compound [Pb+2] RVPVRDXYQKGNMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PQXKHYXIUOZZFA-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium fluoride Chemical compound [Li+].[F-] PQXKHYXIUOZZFA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 230000008313 sensitization Effects 0.000 description 2
- ABTOQLMXBSRXSM-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon tetrafluoride Chemical compound F[Si](F)(F)F ABTOQLMXBSRXSM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PUZPDOWCWNUUKD-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium fluoride Chemical compound [F-].[Na+] PUZPDOWCWNUUKD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000001488 sodium phosphate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000162 sodium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000019832 sodium triphosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- UMGDCJDMYOKAJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiourea Chemical compound NC(N)=S UMGDCJDMYOKAJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K trisodium phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- BHHYHSUAOQUXJK-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc fluoride Chemical compound F[Zn]F BHHYHSUAOQUXJK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- IRPGOXJVTQTAAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,3,3,3-pentafluoropropanal Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C(F)(F)C=O IRPGOXJVTQTAAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZRNSSRODJSSVEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylpentacosane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(C)C ZRNSSRODJSSVEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZZGRDDIINJOLCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-chloro-2-ethyl-4-hydroxy-1h-pyrimidin-6-one Chemical compound CCC1=NC(O)=C(Cl)C(=O)N1 ZZGRDDIINJOLCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7553-56-2 Chemical compound [I] ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KLZUFWVZNOTSEM-UHFFFAOYSA-K Aluminum fluoride Inorganic materials F[Al](F)F KLZUFWVZNOTSEM-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 229910015900 BF3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001369 Brass Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910021594 Copper(II) fluoride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-N Dextrotartaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N EDTA Chemical compound OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CCN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UEZVMMHDMIWARA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Metaphosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(=O)=O UEZVMMHDMIWARA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 101710194948 Protein phosphatase PhpP Proteins 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 description 1
- NSOXQYCFHDMMGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrakis(2-hydroxypropyl)ethylenediamine Chemical compound CC(O)CN(CC(C)O)CCN(CC(C)O)CC(C)O NSOXQYCFHDMMGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethanolamine Chemical compound OCCN(CCO)CCO GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000005037 alkyl phenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- ILRRQNADMUWWFW-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium phosphate Chemical compound O1[Al]2OP1(=O)O2 ILRRQNADMUWWFW-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- LFVGISIMTYGQHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [NH4+].OP(O)([O-])=O LFVGISIMTYGQHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LDDQLRUQCUTJBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium fluoride Chemical compound [NH4+].[F-] LDDQLRUQCUTJBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052785 arsenic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N arsenic atom Chemical compound [As] RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OYLGJCQECKOTOL-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium fluoride Chemical compound [F-].[F-].[Ba+2] OYLGJCQECKOTOL-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910001632 barium fluoride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003637 basic solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical compound OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004327 boric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- WTEOIRVLGSZEPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N boron trifluoride Chemical compound FB(F)F WTEOIRVLGSZEPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010951 brass Substances 0.000 description 1
- MZJUGRUTVANEDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromine fluoride Chemical compound BrF MZJUGRUTVANEDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LVEULQCPJDDSLD-UHFFFAOYSA-L cadmium fluoride Chemical compound F[Cd]F LVEULQCPJDDSLD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- WUKWITHWXAAZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium difluoride Chemical compound [F-].[F-].[Ca+2] WUKWITHWXAAZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910001634 calcium fluoride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- IQBJFLXHQFMQRP-UHFFFAOYSA-K calcium;zinc;phosphate Chemical group [Ca+2].[Zn+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O IQBJFLXHQFMQRP-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 229910021563 chromium fluoride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- YCYBZKSMUPTWEE-UHFFFAOYSA-L cobalt(ii) fluoride Chemical compound F[Co]F YCYBZKSMUPTWEE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- GWFAVIIMQDUCRA-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(ii) fluoride Chemical compound [F-].[F-].[Cu+2] GWFAVIIMQDUCRA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- CTNMMTCXUUFYAP-UHFFFAOYSA-L difluoromanganese Chemical compound F[Mn]F CTNMMTCXUUFYAP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000003113 dilution method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- OMRRUNXAWXNVFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluoridochlorine Chemical compound ClF OMRRUNXAWXNVFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052732 germanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N germanium atom Chemical compound [Ge] GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 231100000206 health hazard Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000036571 hydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006703 hydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PNDPGZBMCMUPRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N iodine Chemical compound II PNDPGZBMCMUPRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011630 iodine Substances 0.000 description 1
- WBJZTOZJJYAKHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-K iron(3+) phosphate Chemical group [Fe+3].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O WBJZTOZJJYAKHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- SHXXPRJOPFJRHA-UHFFFAOYSA-K iron(iii) fluoride Chemical compound F[Fe](F)F SHXXPRJOPFJRHA-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002632 lipids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- ORUIBWPALBXDOA-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium fluoride Chemical compound [F-].[F-].[Mg+2] ORUIBWPALBXDOA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910001635 magnesium fluoride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NBVXSUQYWXRMNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N monofluoromethane Natural products FC NBVXSUQYWXRMNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QKCGXXHCELUCKW-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-[4-[4-(dinaphthalen-2-ylamino)phenyl]phenyl]-n-naphthalen-2-ylnaphthalen-2-amine Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC(N(C=3C=CC(=CC=3)C=3C=CC(=CC=3)N(C=3C=C4C=CC=CC4=CC=3)C=3C=C4C=CC=CC4=CC=3)C3=CC4=CC=CC=C4C=C3)=CC=C21 QKCGXXHCELUCKW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- LVIYYTJTOKJJOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel phthalocyanine Chemical compound [Ni+2].C12=CC=CC=C2C(N=C2[N-]C(C3=CC=CC=C32)=N2)=NC1=NC([C]1C=CC=CC1=1)=NC=1N=C1[C]3C=CC=CC3=C2[N-]1 LVIYYTJTOKJJOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052762 osmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SYQBFIAQOQZEGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N osmium atom Chemical compound [Os] SYQBFIAQOQZEGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002161 passivation Methods 0.000 description 1
- HWGNBUXHKFFFIH-UHFFFAOYSA-I pentasodium;[oxido(phosphonatooxy)phosphoryl] phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]P([O-])(=O)OP([O-])(=O)OP([O-])([O-])=O HWGNBUXHKFFFIH-UHFFFAOYSA-I 0.000 description 1
- VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-M perchlorate Inorganic materials [O-]Cl(=O)(=O)=O VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N perchloric acid Chemical compound OCl(=O)(=O)=O VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 1
- JRKICGRDRMAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-L persulfate group Chemical group S(=O)(=O)([O-])OOS(=O)(=O)[O-] JRKICGRDRMAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 150000003013 phosphoric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229940051841 polyoxyethylene ether Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229920000056 polyoxyethylene ether Polymers 0.000 description 1
- NROKBHXJSPEDAR-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium fluoride Chemical compound [F-].[K+] NROKBHXJSPEDAR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000012286 potassium permanganate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019353 potassium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- LJCNRYVRMXRIQR-OLXYHTOASA-L potassium sodium L-tartrate Chemical compound [Na+].[K+].[O-]C(=O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C([O-])=O LJCNRYVRMXRIQR-OLXYHTOASA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000002203 pretreatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052705 radium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- HCWPIIXVSYCSAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N radium atom Chemical compound [Ra] HCWPIIXVSYCSAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229940096017 silver fluoride Drugs 0.000 description 1
- REYHXKZHIMGNSE-UHFFFAOYSA-M silver monofluoride Chemical compound [F-].[Ag+] REYHXKZHIMGNSE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000017550 sodium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011775 sodium fluoride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013024 sodium fluoride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000011008 sodium phosphates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000011006 sodium potassium tartrate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MZSDGDXXBZSFTG-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;benzenesulfonate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 MZSDGDXXBZSFTG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- FVRNDBHWWSPNOM-UHFFFAOYSA-L strontium fluoride Chemical compound [F-].[F-].[Sr+2] FVRNDBHWWSPNOM-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910001637 strontium fluoride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229940095064 tartrate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- POWFTOSLLWLEBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrasodium;silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] POWFTOSLLWLEBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003475 thallium Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- CULOEOTWMUCRSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M thallium(i) fluoride Chemical compound [Tl]F CULOEOTWMUCRSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- FTBATIJJKIIOTP-UHFFFAOYSA-K trifluorochromium Chemical compound F[Cr](F)F FTBATIJJKIIOTP-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- UNXRWKVEANCORM-UHFFFAOYSA-I triphosphate(5-) Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])(=O)OP([O-])(=O)OP([O-])([O-])=O UNXRWKVEANCORM-UHFFFAOYSA-I 0.000 description 1
- 229960004418 trolamine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- SANRKQGLYCLAFE-UHFFFAOYSA-H uranium hexafluoride Chemical compound F[U](F)(F)(F)(F)F SANRKQGLYCLAFE-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- IGELFKKMDLGCJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N xenon difluoride Chemical compound F[Xe]F IGELFKKMDLGCJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OMQSJNWFFJOIMO-UHFFFAOYSA-J zirconium tetrafluoride Chemical compound F[Zr](F)(F)F OMQSJNWFFJOIMO-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- 239000004711 α-olefin Substances 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23F—NON-MECHANICAL REMOVAL OF METALLIC MATERIAL FROM SURFACE; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL; MULTI-STEP PROCESSES FOR SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL INVOLVING AT LEAST ONE PROCESS PROVIDED FOR IN CLASS C23 AND AT LEAST ONE PROCESS COVERED BY SUBCLASS C21D OR C22F OR CLASS C25
- C23F1/00—Etching metallic material by chemical means
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
- E03C—DOMESTIC PLUMBING INSTALLATIONS FOR FRESH WATER OR WASTE WATER; SINKS
- E03C1/00—Domestic plumbing installations for fresh water or waste water; Sinks
- E03C1/02—Plumbing installations for fresh water
- E03C1/04—Water-basin installations specially adapted to wash-basins or baths
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Domestic Plumbing Installations (AREA)
- Chemical Treatment Of Metals (AREA)
- ing And Chemical Polishing (AREA)
Abstract
A method allows the manufacture of a utensil for a drinking water system made from a lead-containing copper alloy, which reduces amount of lead eluted into water from the surface of the internal circumference of a passage for water and also exhibits excellent appearance. Before a cutting step (S30), a lead-removing step (S20) of immersing a cast article (10) in a lead-removing fluid to subject the surface of the external surface of the cast article (10) and the surface of the internal surface of a passage (10a) for water to a lead removal treatment.
Description
Technical field
The manufacture method, the water channel that the present invention relates to a kind of water appliance made from copper alloy containing lead take off plumbous product and water channel utensil with the casting of utensil.
Background technology
With in the utensil, from viewpoints such as erosion resistance, machinabilities, using copper alloy containing lead is bronze or brass etc. at water channels such as water tap part and running water pipes.In the past, the water channel of such made from lead-containing copper alloy is made by following mode with utensil.Promptly as shown in figure 12, at first, in casting process S90, obtain making with copper alloy containing lead, have the casting product water flowing road, that form the rough shape of water channel utensil that water passes through that allow.Then, in cutting process S92, the outside surface of these casting product is carried out machining obtain the cutting product.Then, in electroplating work procedure S94,, the outside surface of cutting product is applied the electrolytic coating of nickel chromium triangle etc., obtain electroplate mainly from ornamental viewpoint.
General electroplating work procedure S94 has cutting product is the pretreatment procedure S95 of pre-treatment and applies this electroplating work procedure S96 of electrolytic coating at the outside surface that cuts product behind this pretreatment procedure S95.In more detail, pretreatment procedure S95 has the degreasing process S95a that is impregnated in the alkali lye the internal surface to the outside surface that cuts product and water flowing road to carry out degreasing cutting product.The alkali lye of Shi Yonging here normally is dissolved in sodium hydroxide etc. the alkaline aqueous solution of water.As long as the product that will cut are impregnated in this alkali lye, just carry out degreasing corresponding to the pH value of alkali lye.In addition, also carry out plumbous removing by lead corrosion corresponding to the pH value of alkali lye.In addition, pretreatment procedure S95, except that this degreasing process S95a, in alkali lye, will cut in addition product as negative electrode further cut the degreasing of product outside surface catholyte operation S95b, clean cutting product and make the acid activity operation S95c of internal surface sensitization on the outside surface of the product of cutting and water flowing road and the washing step that between these operations, is provided with acidic solution.The water channel that obtains like this circulates in the water flowing road and is effectively used by water with utensil.
But, in recent years, because worry the Health hazard that causes by the lead that contains in the water, so wish further to reduce from the lead release of internal surface molten lead to water on the water flowing road of water appliance made from copper alloy containing lead.
Therefore, proposed in the TOHKEMY 2000-96268 communique (below be referred to as " patent documentation 1 ") before this electroplating work procedure S96 promptly to be impregnated into the manufacture method in the high alkali lye of pH value in the process of the degreasing process S95a of the pretreatment procedure S95 after cutting process S92.According to this manufacture method, can reduce to a certain extent from the lead release of internal surface molten lead to water on water flowing road.
In addition, proposed as shown in figure 13 among the WO02/36856A1 (below be referred to as " patent documentation 2 "), behind electroplating work procedure S94, electroplate be impregnated in the manufacture method of taking off splicer's preface S98 of taking off plumbous processing of the internal surface on the water flowing road of making electroplate in the active alkali lye.In addition, also proposed to take off splicer's preface S98 after, by adding in water based on the phosphoric acid or the treatment solution of phosphoric acid salt, the internal surface on the water flowing road forms the manufacture method of the protective membrane formation operation S99 of phosphorated protective membrane.According to these manufacture method, can more reliable reduction from the lead release of internal surface molten lead to water on water flowing road.
Summary of the invention
But,, be less than 0.007 (mg/l) with readjusting benchmark value with the stripping quantity of the relevant lead of utensil with water channel according to social requirement.From this point,, still be alarming from internal surface lead release of molten lead to water on water flowing road even made the water channel utensil according to above-mentioned patent documentation 1 described manufacture method.In addition, even make the water channel utensil, also preferably make from internal surface lead release of molten lead to water on water flowing road and more reduce according to above-mentioned patent documentation 2 described manufacture method.
In addition, by patent documentation 1 described manufacture method, if in degreasing process S95a, carry out dip treating to the high alkali lye of pH value, just before this electroplating work procedure S96 shown in Figure 12, remove delead by corrosion from the outside surface of cutting product and the internal surface on water flowing road, thereby be easy to generate concavo-convex at the outside surface of cutting product and the internal surface on water flowing road.Therefore, even apply electrolytic coating by this electroplating work procedure S96 at the outside surface of cutting product thereafter, still can be residual concavo-convex with the outside surface of utensil at water channel, thus water channel forms poor surface texture easily with the utensil outside surface.Damage water channel thus and used the attractive in appearance of utensil.If in order to keep water channel attractive in appearance with utensil, and the thickness of plating layer of the outside surface of thickening cutting product can be caused the manufacturing cost rise again.
The present invention proposes in view of above-mentioned practical situation in the past, and to solve in abundant minimizing in the lead release of internal surface molten lead to water on water flowing road, the water appliance made from copper alloy containing lead that can make good looking appearance is a problem.
The manufacture method of water appliance made from copper alloy containing lead of the present invention has following operation: obtain the casting process of the product of casting, these casting product with the manufacturing of copper alloy containing lead tool, have and allow water flowing road that water passes through and the rough shape that forms the water channel utensil; Outside surface to these casting product carries out the cutting process that machining obtains the product that cut; Outside surface at these cutting product applies the electroplating work procedure that electrolytic coating obtains electroplate, it is characterized in that, before above-mentioned cutting process, above-mentioned casting product are impregnated into and take off in the lead solution, carry out to the internal surface on the above-mentioned outside surface of these casting product and above-mentioned water flowing road do take off plumbous handle take off splicer's preface, wherein, the above-mentioned lead solution that takes off is a strong acid aqueous solution.
In manufacture method of the present invention, as taking off splicer's preface, the casting product after will casting before cutting process are impregnated into and take off in the lead solution, the internal surface on casting outside surface of product and water flowing road is done taken off plumbous processing.At this moment, with the casting product that copper alloy containing lead is made, when the internal surface on the water flowing road that allows current lead to took off plumbous the processing, outside surface also took off plumbous the processing.The internal surface on water flowing road, though owing to take off lead and produced concavo-convexly, the water channel that becomes behind the product also becomes fully less with the lead release of utensil molten lead in water.On the other hand, though outside surface because taking off lead has produced concavo-convexly, those are concavo-convex can to make its cunning that flattens by cutting process.Therefore, in the electroplating work procedure thereafter, can not present graceful outward appearance even do not thicken electrolytic coating yet.So also can not produce so much cost increases.
Therefore, manufacturing method according to the invention in the lead release of internal surface molten lead to water on water flowing road, can produce the water appliance made from copper alloy containing lead of good looking appearance in abundant minimizing.
The manufacture method of cleaning with acidiferous ablution pair and water contact part in addition, is disclosed in the pipe arrangement equipment of made from lead-containing copper alloy in the flat 11-29887 document of TOHKEMY.But this manufacture method because be to be cleaning of being done of object with cutting product, so be that the outside surface of pipe arrangement equipment is easy residual concavo-convex at product, becomes inaesthetic product.In addition, though this method is not limited in one and fixes on and do electroplating work procedure after cleaning, even if carried out electroplating work procedure, to the electrolytic coating of common thickness, also still be easily residual concavo-convex, cause the surface texture variation of the outside surface of this pipe arrangement equipment at the outside surface of pipe arrangement equipment.Therefore, this pipe arrangement equipment, identical with above-mentioned patent documentation 1 disclosed manufacture method, can cause damaging attractive in appearance.In addition, if the thickness of plating layer of the outside surface of back cutting product is cleaned in thickening, will cause manufacturing cost and go up.
Because lead is amphoteric metal, so can consider to take off lead solution with acidic solution or basic solution conduct.According to inventors' test-results, using strong acid aqueous solution is special ideal as taking off lead solution.As strong acid aqueous solution, can adopt aqueous hydrochloric acid, aqueous sulfuric acid, aqueous acetic acid etc.When taking off lead solution and being aqueous hydrochloric acid, by the chemical reaction soluble lead of following change 1 expression.
[changing 1]
Pb+2HCl→PbCl
2+H
2
If strong acid aqueous solution, be not only the lead of the internal surface existence on the outside surface of casting product and water flowing road so, even the lead that is present in the deep layer position of outside surface and internal surface can be removed also.
In addition, the internal surface on casting outside surface of product and water flowing road adheres to so-called casting skin or the oxide skin that has when casting.In addition, can remove at the residual casting sand of casting product outside surface, but but being difficult to remove by such sandblasting etc. casts the residual casting sand of product water flowing road internal surface by sandblasting (shot blast) etc.
Under practical situation, by general manufacture method, if enter cutting process to casting product outside surface immediately, cutter needs casting skin etc. is done machining at least, if at the remaining casting sand of outside surface, cutter will very fast abrasion.As for the machining of water flowing road internal surface, material such as casting skin only not, because also remaining a lot of casting sands, so the abrasion of cutter are more remarkable.For this reason, with general manufacture method, even only do the machining of outside surface, if do not do sandblasting etc. meticulously, the weather resistance of cutter will sharply descend.In addition, in the machining of water flowing road internal surface,, also need a lot of ways are thought in sandblasting etc. in order to remove casting sand as much as possible.
Relative therewith, the strong acid aqueous solution that takes off splicer's preface of the present invention, even the internal surface on outside surface and water flowing road remaining casting skin etc. and casting sand, also can dissolve casting skin etc., also remove casting sand thus.For this reason, in the cutting process of machining outside surface, cutter does not need to do the machining of casting skin etc., and can not wear away because of casting sand yet.The machining of water flowing road internal surface also is the same.In addition, the strong acid aqueous solution that takes off splicer's preface of the present invention, dissolving material such as casting skin and remove casting sand thus after, the plumbous processing taken off by the mother metal portion made from cupro lead.So, the internal surface on the outside surface of mother metal portion and water flowing road forms with mother metal portion low lead one, lower than the lead concentration of mother metal portion and contains floor.This low lead contains layer, because lower than the lead concentration of mother metal portion, though machinability has descended, because of low lead contains the low of machinability that layer causes, compares with the deterioration of the machinability that causes because of casting skin etc. and then because of casting sand, becomes problem hardly.Especially in cutting process, because mostly be that cutting process is carried out mother metal portion, so can not contain what substantial problem of low generation of the machinability of layer because of low lead.
In manufacture method of the present invention, identical with above-mentioned patent documentation 2, behind electroplating work procedure, electroplate is impregnated into second takes off in the lead solution, carry out to electroplate water flowing road internal surface do take off plumbous handle second to take off plumbous treatment process be more satisfactory.Thus, can further reduce from the lead release of internal surface molten lead to water on water flowing road.In addition, take off splicer's preface if carry out second behind electroplating work procedure, the outside surface of electroplate is protected by electrolytic coating, does not just carry out plumbous removing, so the further deleading of internal surface on the water flowing road of electrolytic coating never.Therefore, on the outside surface of electroplate, can not produce concavo-convexly, can not damage electrolytic coating yet, so can keep the good surface texture of water channel with the utensil outside surface.Therefore, this water channel can obtain good outward appearance with utensil.
Can consider to use acid solution or alkali lye takes off lead solution as second.But, with respect to copper with acid reaction because lead is amphoteric metal, can with acid-respons again can with alkali reaction, so it is more satisfactory taking off lead solution with alkali lye as second.It is more satisfactory particularly adopting active alkali lye.This activity alkali lye is the alkali lye of pH value in 12～14 scopes.Utilize the active alkali lye of pH value in this scope, the easy react with of the active therewith alkali lye of the lead of internal surface is so be easy to dissolving and remove this lead.Active alkali lye so mainly is the aqueous solution such as yellow soda ash, sodium hydroxide, sodium phosphate, water glass, tripoly phosphate sodium STPP, sodium orthosilicate, potassium hydroxide.
Second taking off lead solution and also can contain tensio-active agent like this.If second takes off and contains tensio-active agent in the lead solution, because can reduce this second surface tension of taking off lead solution, so can improve second impregnability and the wettability of taking off lead solution to the internal surface on water flowing road.For this reason, the lead that contains in this internal surface and second takes off lead solution chemical reaction takes place easily.
As tensio-active agent, can use anion surfactant or nonionic surface active agent.As anion surfactant, can adopt as higher fatty acid sodium, sulphonated oil, higher alcohol sulfate sodium, alkylbenzene sodium sulfate, senior alkyl ether sodium sulfovinate, alpha-olefin sodium sulfate etc.In addition, as nonionic surface active agent, can adopt as alkyl polyoxyethylene ether, alkyl phenyl Soxylat A 25-7, lipid acid ethylene oxide adduct, polytrimethylene glycol ethylene oxide adduct etc.
In addition, second takes off lead solution and also can contain sequestrant.Because sequestrant forms water miscible complex compound with plumbous react with, can easily remove the lead that is contained in water flowing road internal surface.
As sequestrant, can adopt as quadrol, thiocarbamide, tartrate, Rochelle salt, EDTA, trolamine etc.
And then second takes off lead solution can contain oxygenant.That is, active alkali lye is promptly second when taking off lead solution and being sodium hydroxide solution, if only remove the lead that contains in the internal surface of water flowing road with sodium hydroxide solution, is by the chemical reaction soluble lead shown in followingization 2.
[changing 2]
Pb+2NaOH→Na
2PbO
2+H
2
Relative therewith, if active alkali lye promptly second takes off and contains oxygenant in the lead solution, at first oxygenant forms plumbous oxide with the plumbous chemical reaction that takes place shown in followingization 3.
[changing 3]
2Pb+O
2→2PbO
And plumbous oxide is dissolved in active alkali lye and promptly second takes off lead solution, and the chemical reaction shown in followingization 4 takes place, and forms the oxidation lead salt.
[changing 4]
PbO+2NaOH→Na
2PbO
2+H
2O
Since compared with only with the reaction of above-mentionedization 2, above-mentionedization 3 and change 4 reaction and more promptly carry out, so, active alkali lye is second to take off when containing oxygenant in the lead solution, just can remove the lead that contains in the internal surface of water flowing road easilier.
As oxygenant, can adopt as between benzene sulfonic acid sodium salt, sodium paranitrobenzoate, hypochlorite, chlorinated lime, hydrogen peroxide, potassium permanganate, persulphate, perchlorate etc.
In the manufacture method of the present invention, second take off splicer's preface after, utilize and in water, to have added based on the phosphoric acid or the treatment solution of phosphoric acid salt, the protective membrane formation operation of carrying out forming at water flowing road internal surface the phosphorated protective membrane is more satisfactory.Form the protective membrane that forms in the operation at protective membrane and prevent plumbous further leaching.This protective membrane is in use as with primary zinc phosphate (Zn (H
2PO
4)
2) and phosphoric acid (H
3PO
4) when being the treatment solution of main component, by the material of following step generation.
At first, the made from lead-containing copper alloy workpiece is contacted with such treatment solution, like that, by phosphoric acid, copper dissolution is in treatment solution and produce cupric ion shown in followingization 5.
[changing 5]
Cu+2H
+→Cu
2++H
2
In addition, plumbous if this workpiece surface exists, like that, by phosphoric acid, lead also is dissolved in the treatment solution and produces lead ion shown in followingization 6.
[changing 6]
Pb+2H
+→Pb
2++H
2
Here, primary zinc phosphate like that, decomposes a part in treatment solution shown in followingization 7.
[changing 7]
Zn(H
2PO
4)
2→ZnPO
4 -+H
3PO
4+H
+
Therefore, cupric ion in the treatment solution and/or lead ion take place as followingization 8 and/or change the chemical reaction shown in 9, form the phosphorated protective membrane at workpiece surface.
[changing 8]
Cu
2++2ZnPO
4 -→Zn
2Cu(PO
4)
2
[changing 9]
Pb
2++2ZnPO
4 -→Zn
2Pb(PO
4)
2
In addition, remove Zn
2Cu (PO
4)
2And Zn
2Pb (PO
4)
2In addition, by Zn
3Pb (PO
4)
24H
2O or/and Zn (H
2PO
4)
2Nonactive crystallization also can form protective membrane.According to inventors' experimental result,, can prevent plumbous leaching by the protective membrane of such formation.
In addition, prevent in the method this plumbous leaching, use is added the solution that forms based on phosphoric acid or the material of phosphoric acid salt as treatment solution in water, phosphoric acid or phosphoric acid salt are with the chromium plating bath that contains the chromic acid that is made of the 6 valency chromium that are used to form chromium coating or containing the chromatedsolution that is useful on the chromic acid that carries out passivation compares and almost do not have toxicity.Therefore, for the ablution of the workpiece of cleaning contacted treatment solution or waste liquid is only done neutralization or dilution process just can be disposed these ablutions etc.For this reason, with patent documentation 1 with TOHKEMY 2000-96270 communique the disclosed disposal that contains the chromatedsolution of chromic acid compare, it is simpler that the management of ablution etc. also becomes.
The phosphoric acid that the present invention relates to a series of acid (P that to be Vanadium Pentoxide in FLAKES generate with hydration in various degree
2O
5NH
2O).For example, ortho-phosphoric acid (H
3PO
4(0.5P
2O
51.5H
2O)), metaphosphoric acid (HPO
3(0.5P
2O
50.5H
2O)) etc.
In addition, as the phosphoric acid salt that the present invention relates to, can adopt zinc phosphate class, manganous phosphate class, tertiary iron phosphate class, calcium zinc orthophosphate activated by thallium class etc.Can use primary zinc phosphate (Zn (H
2PO
4)
2) wait main component as the zinc phosphate class.In addition, also has sodium phosphate (NaH
2PO
4, Na
2HPO
4Deng), aluminum phosphate (Al (H
2PO
4)
3Deng), phosphoric acid ammonia (NH
4H
2PO
4Deng) etc.
The phosphoric acid of treatment solution of the present invention or phosphatic concentration are that 0.01～10.0 quality % is more satisfactory.According to inventors' experimental result as can be known, if phosphoric acid or phosphatic concentration are 0.01～10.0 quality %, just be easy to form the phosphorated protective membrane on the surface of workpiece.
It is more satisfactory containing fluorochemical in the chromium plating bath that the present invention uses.Because the lead chromate that forms in the chromium plating bath can pass through fluoride dissolution.As fluorochemical, can adopt zinc fluoride, aluminum fluoride, antimonic fluoride, Neutral ammonium fluoride, fluoridize sulphur, uranium fluoride, Chlorine fluoride, fluoridize osmium, cadmium fluoride, Potassium monofluoride, Calcium Fluoride (Fluorspan), xenon fluoride, silver fluoride, chromium fluoride, silicon fluoride, fluoridize germanium, cobaltous fluoride, oxyfluoride, fluoro-cyanogen, bromine fluoride, the Zirconium tetrafluoride hydrochlorate, fluostannate, strontium fluoride, thallium fluoride, fluoridize tantalate, Nitrogen trifluoride, ferric fluoride, cupric fluoride, Sodium Fluoride, fluoridize niobate, nickelous fluoride, barium fluoride, fluoridize arsenic, boron fluoride, fluoridize boric acid, magnesium fluoride, manganous fluoride, methyl fluoride, fuorine iodine, the fuorine iodine hydrochlorate, lithium fluoride, fluoridize phosphorus, fluoridize materials such as radium.As for example silicon fluoride of fluorochemical,, form lead silicofluoride with the chemical reaction of lead generation shown in followingization 10.Like this, can remove the lead that water flowing road internal surface contains.
[changing 10] PbCrO
4+ H
2SiF
6→ PbSiF
6+ H
2CrO
4
In addition, in the manufacture method of the present invention, also can be behind cutting process, cutting product be impregnated in taking off in the lead solution of other, carry out to the outside surface of cutting product and water flowing road internal surface do take off the lead processing take off splicer's preface.In other words, adopt the high alkali lye of pH value as other take off lead solution the time, identical with above-mentioned patent documentation 1, before this electroplating work procedure, promptly in the degreasing process behind cutting process, can be impregnated in the high alkali lye of pH value.Behind cutting process, if carry out other take off splicer's preface, just can further remove the outside surface of cutting product and the lead of water flowing road internal surface.But,, when the damage water channel is with the utensil aesthetic property, also need to thicken the electrolytic coating thickness of cutting product outside surface, thereby can cause the rise of manufacturing cost if be impregnated into the too high alkali lye of pH value.Should be noted that when therefore, adjusting the pH value.
In the manufacture method of the present invention,, just can obtain as the water tap part of water channel of the present invention with utensil if the casting product that the water tap part is used take off splicer's preface, cutting process and electroplating work procedure.In addition, if enter to casting product take off splicer's preface, just can obtain water channel of the present invention and take off the lead product with the casting of utensil.Plumbous product are taken off in this casting, it is in order to obtain outside surface is carried out applying at this outside surface after the machining water channel utensil of electrolytic coating, take off the lead product and before carrying out this machining, carried out taking off the plumbous water channel of handling with the casting of utensil, have following feature: by make with copper alloy containing lead, have allow water flowing road that water passes through, form described water channel with the mother metal portion of the rough shape of utensil and therewith the internal surface low lead that become one, lower than mother metal portion lead concentration content on the outside surface of mother metal portion and this water flowing road contain floor and constitute.It is more satisfactory that low lead contains layer not leaded.Because if low lead contains the lead-free word of layer, plumbous just hardly can stripping to by in the water of water channel with the water flowing road of utensil.This casting is taken off the outside surface of plumbous product after machining, by forming electrolytic coating, becomes water channel utensil of the present invention.This water channel utensil, be by having the mother metal portion that water flowing Lu Bingyong copper alloy containing lead that water is passed through is made, electrolytic coating that outside surface on the water flowing road forms and low lead that become one with mother metal portion in water flowing road inner surface side, lower than mother metal portion lead concentration content contain floor formation.In addition, passed through the water channel utensil of protective membrane formation operation, the internal surface on the water flowing road has the phosphorated protective membrane than the inner surface side that low lead contains in the course.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the process picture sheet of the manufacture method of the water appliance made from copper alloy containing lead that relates to of embodiment.
Fig. 2 is the longitudinal sectional drawing of the casting product that relate to of embodiment.
Fig. 3 is the amplification profile of the A portion of the casting product shown in Figure 2 that relate to of embodiment.
Fig. 4 is the longitudinal sectional drawing that plumbous product are taken off in casting that embodiment relates to.
Fig. 5 is the amplification profile that the A portion of plumbous product is taken off in casting shown in Figure 4 that embodiment relates to.
Fig. 6 is the longitudinal sectional drawing of the cutting product that relate to of embodiment.
Fig. 7 is the amplification profile of the A portion of the cutting product shown in Figure 6 that relate to of embodiment.
Fig. 8 is the longitudinal sectional drawing of the electroplate that relates to of embodiment.
Fig. 9 is the amplification profile of the A portion of the electroplate shown in Figure 8 that relates to of embodiment.
Figure 10 is the overall perspective view of the water tap part that relates to of embodiment.
Figure 11 is the process picture sheet of the manufacture method of the water appliance made from copper alloy containing lead that relates to of embodiment.
Figure 12 is the process picture sheet of the manufacture method of general water appliance made from copper alloy containing lead.
Figure 13 is the process picture sheet of manufacture method of the water appliance made from copper alloy containing lead of patent documentation 2.
Embodiment
Specific embodiments of the invention, test and variation are described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
(embodiment)
In the manufacture method of the water appliance made from copper alloy containing lead of embodiment, make the water channel utensil via operation S10 shown in Figure 1～S60.At first, in casting process S10, as shown in Figure 2, obtain making with JISCAC406 (6 kinds of bronze), have casting product 10 water flowing road 10a, that form water tap part rough shape that allow water pass through.At the outside surface of casting product 10 and the internal surface of water flowing road 10a, as shown in Figure 3, adhering to the 21a such as so-called casting skin when casting.In addition, though can remove with sandblasting etc. at the residual casting sand 21b of outside surface of casting product 10, remain in the casting sand 21b of the water flowing road 10a internal surface of casting product 10 very difficult as remove with sandblasting etc.
Then, shown in Figure 1 taking off among splicer's preface S20, carry out with casting product 10 be impregnated into the outside surface of the casting product 10 that take off in the lead solution and water flowing road 10a internal surface take off the lead processing.As taking off lead solution, working concentration is 5～7%, temperature be 40～60 ℃ aqueous hydrochloric acid as strong acid aqueous solution, will cast product 10 and impregnated in this aqueous hydrochloric acid 2～4 minutes.At this moment, casting product 10, when the internal surface of water flowing road 10a took off lead, outside surface was also carrying out taking off lead.Particularly because adopted strong acid aqueous solution as taking off lead solution, the lead of the internal surface of the water flowing road 10a of casting product 10 and outside surface existence not only, even the lead that is present in the internal surface depths of its outside surface and water flowing road 10a also can be removed.In addition,, can dissolve 21a such as casting skin, remove casting sand 21b thus even remaining 21a and casting sand 21b such as casting skin on the internal surface of outside surface and water flowing road 10a take off the aqueous hydrochloric acid of splicer's preface S20.
Thus, obtain casting shown in Figure 4 and take off plumbous product 20.This casting is taken off plumbous product 20 as shown in Figure 5, by make, have the mother metal portion 21 that makes rough shape water flowing road 10a, that form the water tap part that water passes through with copper alloy containing lead, with contain floor 22 at the inner surface side of water flowing road 10a and mother metal portion 21 that become one, lower low lead than mother metal portion's 21 lead concentration content, and contain layer 23 with the outside surface side low lead that become one, lower than mother metal portion's 21 lead concentration content of mother metal portion 21 and constitute.The low lead that forms water flowing road 10a internal surface contains floor 22, has produced concavo-convexly owing to take off lead, and still the stripping quantity of the lead in water becomes considerably less after becoming water tap part product.On the other hand, the low lead that forms outside surface contain layer 23 also because take off plumbous produce concavo-convex.According to the condition of strong acid aqueous solution, it is not leaded may to make low lead contain layer 22,23 yet.In addition, after taking off splicer's preface S20, carry out washing step.
Then, in cutting process S30 as shown in Figure 1, the outside surface that plumbous product 20 are taken off in casting is done the machining of about 1mm, obtains cutting product 30 shown in Figure 6.At this moment, adjust the size and dimension of valve seat and water port etc.Thus, as shown in Figure 7, contain layer 23 at the low lead that has produced concavo-convex outside surface side and fully cut and become level and smooth.In addition, removed 21a and the casting sand 21b such as casting skin that produces at casting process S10, so that cutting process S30 just becomes is easy by taking off splicer's preface S20.Promptly in the cutting process S30 of machining outside surface, cutter does not need 21a such as casting skin are done machining, and the abrasion because of casting sand 21b generation can not take place yet.The internal surface of machining water flowing road 10a also is same when adjusting valve seat etc.In addition, the low lead of outside surface side contains layer 23, because lower than the lead concentration of mother metal portion 21, institute is so that machinability reduces, but because of low lead contains the low of machinabilities that layer 23 produces, worsen with the machinability that produces because of 21a such as casting skin and then because of casting sand 21b and to compare, become problem hardly.Especially in cutting process S30, because cutting process S30 is cut to mother metal portion 21, so lowly can not produce what substantial problem because of what low lead contained machinabilities that layer 23 produces.
And, in electroplating work procedure S40 shown in Figure 1, the outside surface that cuts product 30 is applied electrolytic coating 24, obtain electroplate shown in Figure 8 40.This electroplating work procedure S40, identical with electroplating work procedure S94 in the past shown in Figure 12, comprise pretreatment procedure S95 and this electroplating work procedure S96.
Pretreatment procedure S95 comprises degreasing process S95a, catholyte operation S95b, acid activity operation S95c and the washing step that is provided with at these inter processes.At degreasing process S95a, cutting product 30 be impregnated in the degreasing of the internal surface of the outside surface that cut product 30 in the alkali lye of pH11 in 5 minutes and water flowing road 10a here.This alkali lye is to contain some g/l sodium hydroxide simultaneously, also contains the aqueous solution of tensio-active agent and sequestrant, and its temperature is 40 ℃.In addition, at catholyte operation S95b, in identical alkali lye, with the cutting product 30 behind the degreasing process S95a as negative electrode, to the cutting product 30 the further degreasing of outside surface.And then in acid activity operation S95c, the cutting product 30 with behind the clean catholyte operation S95b of the aqueous sulfuric acid of room temperature, pH2 make the outside surface of cutting product 30 and the internal surface sensitization of water flowing road 10a.In addition, at these inter processes, cut the washing of product 30 by washing step.
This electroplating work procedure S96 also has nickel electroplating work procedure and chromium electroplating work procedure.In the nickel electroplating work procedure, use nickel plating solution, the outside surface of the cutting product 30 behind acid activity operation S95c applies the nickel electrolytic coating.In addition, in the chromium electroplating work procedure, use chromium plating bath, the outside surface of the cutting product 30 behind the nickel electroplating work procedure is applied the chromium electrolytic coating.Contain sodium silicofluoride 5～10g/l in this chromium plating bath as fluorochemical.In this chromium electroplating work procedure,, make chromic acid chemical reaction take place, thereby remove the lead that contains at water flowing road 10a internal surface with plumbous by the chromic acid in the chromium plating bath.At this moment, the lead chromate that forms in chromium plating bath is by fluoride dissolution.Between these operations, also carry out washing step.
So because by take off splicer's preface S20 outside surface produce concavo-convex becoming smoothly through cutting process S30 thereafter, in electroplating work procedure S40, can not present good surface appearance even do not thicken electrolytic coating 24 yet.Therefore, so much cost can not take place increases.
And then, take off among splicer's preface S50 shown in Figure 1 second, electroplate 40 is impregnated into second took off in the lead solution 10 minutes, carry out the outside surface of electroplate 40 and water flowing road 10a internal surface take off plumbous the processing.Take off lead solution as second, can use the strong alkali aqueous solution of pH14.This second takes off lead solution, is the aqueous solution that contains sodium hydroxide 50g/l, and its temperature is 50 ℃.Thus, the stripping quantity from internal surface lead of stripping to water of water flowing road 10a can further reduce.In addition, behind electroplating work procedure S40, take off splicer's preface S50 if carry out second, the outside surface of electroplate 40 is protected by electrolytic coating 24 and can not be removed delead, can only further remove the lead of the internal surface that does not have the water flowing of electrolytic coating 24 road 10a.Therefore, do not produce concavo-convexly at the outside surface of electroplate 40, can not damage electrolytic coating 24 yet.In addition because second to take off lead solution be active alkali lye, so not with the copper reaction of copper alloy containing lead, only react with lead.
And the protective membrane that carries out as shown in Figure 1 forms operation S60.Form among operation S60 at this protective membrane, take off electroplate 40 behind splicer's preface S50 with second and be impregnated in the treatment solution 10 minutes.This treatment solution is the phosphoric acid (H of 0.9 quality %
3PO
4) aqueous solution, its temperature is 50 ℃.So, the copper and/or the lead of the internal surface of treatment solution and water flowing road 10a react, as shown in Figure 9, and at the internal surface formation phosphorated protective membrane 25 of water flowing road 10a.In addition, in the front and back of this protective membrane formation operation S60, also do washing.So just can obtain having the water tap part 50 (with reference to Figure 10) of the good outside surface of surface shape.
After this, the handgrip made from the same manner 51, not shown valve body etc. are installed, are formed water tap part shown in Figure 10 in water tap part main body 50.This water tap part; as shown in Figure 9; be by having water flowing road 10a that water passes through and the mother metal portion 21 of making made from copper alloy containing lead; the nickel chromium triangle electrolytic coating 24 that forms in the outside surface side of mother metal portion 21; contain floor 22 and constitute at the inner surface side of water flowing road 10a and mother metal portion 21 that become one, lower low lead at the phosphorated protective membrane 25 that contains the inside inner surface side of floor 22 than low lead than mother metal portion's 21 lead concentration content.Also can between mother metal portion 21 and nickel chromium triangle electrolytic coating 24, there be the low lead lower to contain layer 23 (with reference to Fig. 5) than the lead concentration of mother metal portion 21 than unfertile land is residual.This water tap part can make water circulate in the 10a of water flowing road and be effectively utilized.
(test)
According to JISS3200-7 (1997) " water channel utensil-leaching performance test method ", measured original liquid concentration (mg/l) by the lead of water tap part stripping.And, calculated plumbous stripping quantity (mg/l).The inner capacities of the water flowing road 10a of water tap part is that 155ml is bigger, is unfavorable for satisfying benchmark value.
As shown in table 1, in test example 1, use the water tap part of making according to the manufacture method of the foregoing description.In addition, in test example 2, used in the manufacture method of embodiment and taken off the water tap part of splicer's preface S50 and protective membrane formation operation S60 manufacturing by doing 2 times second continuously.Further, in test example 3, as shown in Figure 11, used in the manufacture method of embodiment and taken off the water tap part of splicer's preface S50 and protective membrane formation operation S60 manufacturing without second.
In addition, in comparative example, the water tap part that has used the general manufacture method of usefulness shown in Figure 12 to make.In addition, in comparative example 2, used in the manufacture method 2 of patent documentation shown in Figure 13 2 by implementing to take off in 10 minutes the water tap part that splicer's preface S98 makes.At this moment, second in the manufacture method of use the foregoing description taken off the lead solution deleading.And then comparative example 3 is identical with comparative example 2, has used by implementing to take off in 15 minutes the water tap part that splicer's preface S98 makes.In addition, comparative example 4 is identical with comparative example 2, has used the water tap part that took off splicer's preface S98 and 5 minutes protective membrane formation operation S99 manufacturing in twice 10 minutes by doing continuously.The result is as shown in table 1.
Table 1:
| Manufacture method | Plumbous original liquid concentration (mg/l) | Plumbous stripping quantity (mg/l) | Judge | |
| Test example 1 | Take off splicer's preface+second and take off splicer's preface+protective membrane formation operation | 0.020 | 0.003 | ○ |
| Test example 2 | Taking off the operation of splicer's preface+(second takes off splicer's preface+protective membrane forms operation) () implements 2 times | 0.009 | 0.001 | ◎ |
| Test example 3 | Only take off splicer's preface | 0.287 | 0.044 | × |
| Comparative example 1 | General manufacture method | 0.165 | 0.026 | × |
| Comparative example 2 | The manufacture method of patent documentation 2 { is taken off splicer's preface (10 minutes)+protective membrane and is formed operation (5 minutes) } | 0.070 | 0.011 | △ |
| Comparative example 3 | The manufacture method of patent documentation 2 { is taken off splicer's preface (15 minutes)+protective membrane and is formed operation (5 minutes) } | 0.060 | 0.009 | △ |
| Comparative example 4 | The manufacture method of patent documentation 2 { is taken off splicer's preface (10 minutes)+protective membrane and is formed operation (5 minutes) } operation of { } and implements 2 times | 0.050 | 0.008 | △ |
As shown in table 1, in the test example 1,2, plumbous stripping quantity is below benchmark value 0.007 (mg/l).Therefore as can be known, manufacture method according to test example 1,2, even have the water tap part of the big inner capacities that is unfavorable for satisfying the benchmark value scope, can keep the attractive in appearance of outward appearance making when the lead release of internal surface molten lead to water of water flowing road 10a fully reduces.In addition, the stripping quantity of the lead of test example 3 is more than 0.007 (mg/l), so be difficult to make plumbous stripping quantity to reduce to below 0.007 (mg/l) by taking off plumbous the processing separately.
In addition, about comparative example 2～4, as can be known: handle by taking off splicer's preface S98 for a long time or repeatedly, though plumbous stripping quantity near 0.007 (mg/l), does not also make plumbous stripping quantity reach enough few.Though by increase time and number of times plumbous stripping quantity is reduced to below 0.007 (mg/l), probably can increase the manufacturing cost that causes because of increasing of operation.In addition, in comparative example 1, plumbous stripping quantity does not satisfy benchmark value fully.
Therefore, as can be known: the manufacture method of using the water appliance made from copper alloy containing lead of embodiment, when the internal surface that makes water flowing road 10a lead release of molten lead in water satisfies benchmark value and reaches abundant minimizing like that, can produce the water appliance made from copper alloy containing lead of good appearance.
(variation)
As shown in figure 11, among the degreasing process S95a (with reference to Figure 11) of electroplating work procedure S40 behind cutting process S30, be impregnated into as other and take off in the high alkali lye of the pH value of lead solution, can cut thus the outside surface of product 30 and water flowing road 10a internal surface take off plumbous the processing.If that does other behind cutting process S30 takes off splicer's preface, can further remove the lead of the internal surface of the outside surface of cutting product 30 and water flowing road 10a.But,, in damage cutting product 30 aesthetic properties, need the thickness of the electrolytic coating 24 of thickening cutting product 30 outside surfaces, thereby can cause the rise of manufacturing cost if be impregnated into the too high alkali lye of pH value.Should be noted that when therefore, adjusting the pH value.
Above embodiment just illustrates, and without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, can carry out various changes and implement.
Industrial applicibility
The present invention, specifically be applicable to the tap part with and manufacture method.
Claims (7)
1. the manufacture method of a water appliance made from copper alloy containing lead has following operation: obtain the casting process of the product of casting, these casting product with the copper alloy containing lead manufacturing, have and allow water flowing road that water passes through and the rough shape that forms the water channel utensil; Outside surface to these casting product carries out the cutting process that machining obtains the product that cut; Outside surface at the cutting product applies the electroplating work procedure that electrolytic coating obtains electroplate, it is characterized in that,
Before above-mentioned cutting process, above-mentioned casting product are impregnated into take off in the lead solution, carry out to the internal surface on the above-mentioned outside surface of these casting product and above-mentioned water flowing road do take off plumbous handle take off splicer's preface, wherein, the above-mentioned lead solution that takes off is a strong acid aqueous solution.
2. the manufacture method of water appliance made from copper alloy containing lead as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, behind above-mentioned electroplating work procedure, carry out that above-mentioned electroplate is impregnated into second and take off in the lead solution, to the above-mentioned internal surface of this electroplate do take off plumbous handle second take off splicer's preface.
3. the manufacture method of water appliance made from copper alloy containing lead as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that, above-mentioned second to take off lead solution be active alkali lye.
4. as the manufacture method of claim 2 or 3 described water appliance made from copper alloy containing lead; it is characterized in that; above-mentioned second take off splicer's preface after; carry out by adding in water based on the phosphoric acid or the treatment solution of phosphoric acid salt, the protective membrane that the above-mentioned internal surface on above-mentioned water flowing road forms the phosphorated protective membrane forms operation.
5. the manufacture method of water appliance made from copper alloy containing lead as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that, the phosphoric acid of above-mentioned treatment solution or phosphatic concentration are 0.01～10.0 quality %.
6. a water channel takes off plumbous product with the casting of utensil, it is in order to obtain outside surface is carried out applying at this outside surface after the machining water channel utensil of electrolytic coating, take off plumbous product and before carrying out this machining, carried out taking off the plumbous water channel of handling with the casting of utensil, it is characterized in that, by with the copper alloy containing lead manufacturing, have allow the rough shape water flowing road, that form described water channel utensil that water passes through mother metal portion and contain floor at the outside surface side of this mother metal portion and this water flowing road inner surface side low lead that become one, lower than mother metal portion lead concentration content and constitute.
7. water channel as claimed in claim 6 takes off plumbous product with the casting of utensil, it is characterized in that, it is not leaded that above-mentioned low lead contains layer.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP069698/2003 | 2003-03-14 | ||
| JP2003069698A JP4430879B2 (en) | 2003-03-14 | 2003-03-14 | Method for producing lead-containing copper alloy water supply device, casting deleading product of water supply device, and water supply device |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1759205A CN1759205A (en) | 2006-04-12 |
| CN100441744C true CN100441744C (en) | 2008-12-10 |
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ID=32984624
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2004800065636A Expired - Lifetime CN100441744C (en) | 2003-03-14 | 2004-02-26 | Method for manufacturing utensil for drinking water system made from lead-containing copper alloy, cast and lead-removed utensil for drinking water system, and utensil for drinking water system |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP4430879B2 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN100441744C (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2004081257A1 (en) |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP5473781B2 (en) * | 2009-06-01 | 2014-04-16 | 株式会社Ｌｉｘｉｌ | Manufacturing method and processing method for lead-containing copper alloy water supply equipment |
| CN103143890A (en) * | 2013-03-04 | 2013-06-12 | 阮伟光 | Manufacturing method for low lead copper alloy bath utensil |
| JP2018165406A (en) * | 2018-04-20 | 2018-10-25 | 株式会社キッツ | Method for manufacturing water supply equipment made of copper alloy in faucet metal fitting or valve |
| CN114606503A (en) * | 2022-03-10 | 2022-06-10 | 杭州泛亚卫浴股份有限公司 | Tap inner cavity sticky sand removing liquid and sticky sand treatment method |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5919519A (en) * | 1994-05-17 | 1999-07-06 | Imi Yorkshire Fittings Limited | Potable water supply components |
| JPH11510217A (en) * | 1995-08-03 | 1999-09-07 | エウロパ メタリ ソチエタ ペル アチオニ | Piping member made of lead-containing copper alloy with low lead release and method for producing the same |
| WO2002036856A1 (en) * | 2000-10-31 | 2002-05-10 | Inax Corporation | Method for removing lead from plated cylindrical article made of lead-containing copper alloy and metal fitting for hydrant, and method for preventing leaching of lead from article made of lead-containing copper alloy and metal fitting for hydrant |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1999028536A1 (en) * | 1997-12-03 | 1999-06-10 | Toto Ltd. | Method of reducing elution of lead in lead-containing copper alloy, and city water service fittings made of lead-containing copper alloy |
-
2003
- 2003-03-14 JP JP2003069698A patent/JP4430879B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2004
- 2004-02-26 CN CNB2004800065636A patent/CN100441744C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2004-02-26 WO PCT/JP2004/002320 patent/WO2004081257A1/en active Application Filing
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5919519A (en) * | 1994-05-17 | 1999-07-06 | Imi Yorkshire Fittings Limited | Potable water supply components |
| JPH11510217A (en) * | 1995-08-03 | 1999-09-07 | エウロパ メタリ ソチエタ ペル アチオニ | Piping member made of lead-containing copper alloy with low lead release and method for producing the same |
| WO2002036856A1 (en) * | 2000-10-31 | 2002-05-10 | Inax Corporation | Method for removing lead from plated cylindrical article made of lead-containing copper alloy and metal fitting for hydrant, and method for preventing leaching of lead from article made of lead-containing copper alloy and metal fitting for hydrant |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1759205A (en) | 2006-04-12 |
| WO2004081257A1 (en) | 2004-09-23 |
| JP4430879B2 (en) | 2010-03-10 |
| JP2004277793A (en) | 2004-10-07 |
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