CN100441634C - Preparation method of conductive high polymer and carbon nanotube composite electrode material - Google Patents
Preparation method of conductive high polymer and carbon nanotube composite electrode material Download PDFInfo
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- CN100441634C CN100441634C CNB2006101052691A CN200610105269A CN100441634C CN 100441634 C CN100441634 C CN 100441634C CN B2006101052691 A CNB2006101052691 A CN B2006101052691A CN 200610105269 A CN200610105269 A CN 200610105269A CN 100441634 C CN100441634 C CN 100441634C
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Abstract
The invention discloses a making method of composite electrode material of conductive macromolecular and carbon nanometer pipe, which is characterized by the following: dispersing normal surface activator of carbon nanometer pipe in the polymeric solution; improving the specific capacity of composite material as well as coordinating effect; adsorbing bulk compaction and bulking at discharge time through hollow structure of carbon nanometer pipe; improving conductivity and reducing resistance of composite material.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of novel electron material preparation method, particularly relate to the preparation method of a kind of conducting polymer and carbon nano-tube combination electrode material.
Background technology
Along with serious day by day to environment and ecological impact of the progressively exhausted of petrochemical industry resource and it, save and the high effect cleaning use energy more and more comes into one's own.Ultracapacitor (electrochemical capacitor) is subjected to paying close attention to widely as one of high-efficiency energy-storage and energy transformation device.Electrode materials is the deciding factor of ultracapacitor performance.Owing to there is the different states of oxidation, conducting polymer (polypyrrole, polyaniline, Polythiophene, polyhenylene, and their derivative equiconjugate superpolymer) can be used as the electrode materials of oxidation-reduction type ultracapacitor.Compare with the electrode materials (carbon material and metal oxide) of the common ultracapacitor of other two class, conducting polymer composite (being also referred to as conduction high polymer) is than carbon material (gac, carbon fiber and carbon nanotube) have higher specific storage and specific energy (Specific Energy), have lower cost than metal oxide (as ruthenium oxide).Can be simpler during by electrochemical production conducting polymer composite electrode for capacitors than carbon material and metal oxide materials technology.Therefore, conducting polymer composite is the electrode material for super capacitor that a class has practical value very much.
Yet, conductive high molecular electrode material follows doping that ion is deviate to enter electrolytic solution (to the ion dedoping) in the polymkeric substance grid when discharge, this can cause the volumetric shrinkage of polymkeric substance, at when charging embedded polymer thing grid and reduce the capacity of polymkeric substance, and repeatedly pucker ﹠ bloat can cause the polymeric film defective to increase and influence the cyclical stability of electrode to ion in influence.Polymkeric substance specific conductivity when discharge condition (dedoping state) can sharply descend, and this will increase the internal resistance of electrical condenser greatly.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of volumetric properties and the conducting polymer of cyclical stability and preparation method of carbon nano-tube combination electrode material that can strengthen conducting polymer.
For achieving the above object, the technical solution used in the present invention is: at first with carbon nanotube sonic oscillation 5min～2h in the surfactant soln of 0.01～0.6mol/L, make the dispersion liquid A of carbon nanotubes 0.01～0.1wt%; It is 0.01mol/L～0.6mol/L that next adding conductive high polymer monomer in the diluting soln of dispersion liquid A or dispersion liquid A makes conductive high polymer monomer concentration; And then add to support ionogen and make that to support electrolytical concentration be that 0mol/L～0.3mol/L makes solution B; At last working electrode and counter electrode are placed solution B, on working electrode, apply 0.1～10mA/cm
2Current density is carried out electrochemical polymerization, promptly obtains the composite membrane of layer of even conducting polymer/carbon nanotube after polymerization is finished on working electrode, and the thickness of this composite membrane is that the polymerization electric current multiply by polymerization time and controls by the polymerization electric weight.
Carbon nanotube of the present invention is Single Walled Carbon Nanotube or multi-walled carbon nano-tubes; Tensio-active agent is an anion surfactant: Witco 1298 Soft Acid root solution or p-methyl benzenesulfonic acid root solution, and its positively charged ion is hydrogen ion, sodium ion or potassium ion; Or cats product: tetra-allkylammonium solution, alkyl are ethyl or butyl, and negatively charged ion is perchlorate, chlorion or bromide anion; Conductive high polymer monomer is pyrroles, aniline, thiophene or their derivative methylpyrrole or ethene dioxythiophene; The support ionogen is muriate, perchlorate or nitrate.
The present invention utilizes the high conductivity and the hollow structure of carbon nanotube, strengthen the volumetric properties and the cyclical stability of conducting polymer by preparation conducting polymer and carbon mano-tube composite, because carbon nanotube is reunited easily, be difficult in solution, disperse, the present invention at first uses the surfactant-dispersed carbon nanotube, adds monomer again and carries out chemistry or electrochemical polymerization and prepare polymer moon carbon nanotube matrix material as electrode material for super capacitor.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the electromicroscopic photograph of polypyrrole/carbon nano tube compound material;
Fig. 2 (a) and (b) provided the cyclic voltammetry curve of simple polypyrrole film and polypyrrole/carbon mano-tube composite respectively, wherein X-coordinate is a current potential, ordinate zou is an electric current;
Fig. 3 is simple polypyrrole film (1) and polypyrrole/carbon nano tube compound material (2) specific storage under different scanning rates, and wherein X-coordinate is a scanning speed, and ordinate zou is a specific storage.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the present invention is described in further detail.
Embodiment 1: at first with Single Walled Carbon Nanotube sonic oscillation 5 minutes in the dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid solution of 0.6mol/L, make the dispersion liquid A of carbon nanotubes 0.01wt%; It is that 0.6mol/L makes solution B that next adding conductive high polymer monomer pyrroles in the diluting soln of A solution or A makes conductive high polymer monomer pyrroles's concentration; At last working electrode and counter electrode are placed solution B, on working electrode, apply 10mA/cm
2Current density is carried out electrochemical polymerization, can obtain the composite membrane of layer of even conducting polymer/carbon nanotube after polymerization is finished on working electrode, and the thickness of this composite membrane can be that the polymerization electric current multiply by polymerization time and controls by the polymerization electric weight.
Embodiment 2: at first with multi-walled carbon nano-tubes sonic oscillation 20 minutes in the Sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate solution of 0.2mol/L, make the dispersion liquid A of carbon nanotubes 0.05wt%; It is 0.05mol/L that next adding conductive high polymer monomer aniline in the diluting soln of A solution or A makes the concentration of conductive high polymer monomer aniline; And then adding muriate, to make muriatic concentration be that 0.1mol/L makes solution B; At last working electrode and counter electrode are placed solution B, on working electrode, apply 8mA/cm
2Current density is carried out electrochemical polymerization, can obtain the composite membrane of layer of even conducting polymer/carbon nanotube after polymerization is finished on working electrode, and the thickness of this composite membrane can be that the polymerization electric current multiply by polymerization time and controls by the polymerization electric weight.
Embodiment 3: at first with Single Walled Carbon Nanotube sonic oscillation 50 minutes in the toluene sulfonic acide potassium solution of 0.4mol/L, make the dispersion liquid A of carbon nanotubes 0.08wt%; It is 0.2mol/L that next adding conductive high polymer monomer thiophene in the diluting soln of A solution or A makes the concentration of conductive high polymer monomer thiophene; And then adding perchlorate, to make the concentration of perchlorate be that 0.05mol/L makes solution B; At last working electrode and counter electrode are placed solution B, on working electrode, apply 5mA/cm
2Current density is carried out electrochemical polymerization, can obtain the composite membrane of layer of even conducting polymer/carbon nanotube after polymerization is finished on working electrode, and the thickness of this composite membrane can be that the polymerization electric current multiply by polymerization time and controls by the polymerization electric weight.
Embodiment 4: at first with multi-walled carbon nano-tubes sonic oscillation 45 minutes in the toluene sulfonic acide solution of 0.01mol/L, make the dispersion liquid A of carbon nanotubes 0.04wt%; It is 0.4mol/L that next adding conductive high polymer monomer methylpyrrole in the diluting soln of A solution or A makes the concentration of conductive high polymer monomer methylpyrrole; And then adding nitrate, to make the concentration of nitrate be that 0.2mol/L makes solution B; At last working electrode and counter electrode are placed solution B, on working electrode, apply 3mA/cm
2Current density is carried out electrochemical polymerization, can obtain the composite membrane of layer of even conducting polymer/carbon nanotube after polymerization is finished on working electrode, and the thickness of this composite membrane can be that the polymerization electric current multiply by polymerization time and controls by the polymerization electric weight.
Embodiment 5: at first with Single Walled Carbon Nanotube sonic oscillation 1h in the perchloric acid tetraethyl ammonium solution of 0.05mol/L, make the dispersion liquid A of carbon nanotubes 0.09wt%; It is 0.01mol/L that next adding conductive high polymer monomer ethene dioxythiophene in the diluting soln of A solution or A makes the concentration of conductive high polymer monomer ethene dioxythiophene; And then adding muriate, to make muriatic concentration be that 0.3mol/L makes solution B; At last working electrode and counter electrode are placed solution B, on working electrode, apply 1mA/cm
2Current density is carried out electrochemical polymerization, can obtain the composite membrane of layer of even conducting polymer/carbon nanotube after polymerization is finished on working electrode, and the thickness of this composite membrane can be that the polymerization electric current multiply by polymerization time and controls by the polymerization electric weight.
Embodiment 6: at first with multi-walled carbon nano-tubes sonic oscillation 1.5h in the TBAP solution of 0.08mol/L, make the dispersion liquid A of carbon nanotubes 0.06wt%; It is 0.05mol/L that next adding conductive high polymer monomer pyrroles in the diluting soln of A solution or A makes conductive high polymer monomer pyrroles's concentration; And then adding muriate, to make muriatic concentration be that 0.3mol/L makes solution B; After working electrode and counter electrode are placed solution B, on working electrode, apply 0.5mA/cm
2Current density is carried out electrochemical polymerization, can obtain the composite membrane of layer of even conducting polymer/carbon nanotube after polymerization is finished on working electrode, and the thickness of this composite membrane can be that the polymerization electric current multiply by polymerization time and controls by the polymerization electric weight.
Embodiment 7: at first with Single Walled Carbon Nanotube sonic oscillation 1.2h in the etamon chloride solution of 0.3mol/L, make the dispersion liquid A of carbon nanotubes 0.02wt%; It is 0.3mol/L that next adding conductive high polymer monomer aniline in the diluting soln of A solution or A makes conductive high polymer monomer pyrroles's concentration; And then adding perchlorate, to make the concentration of perchlorate be that 0.15mol/L makes solution B; At last working electrode and counter electrode are placed solution B, on working electrode, apply 0.1mA/cm
2Current density is carried out electrochemical polymerization, can obtain the composite membrane of layer of even conducting polymer/carbon nanotube after polymerization is finished on working electrode, and the thickness of this composite membrane can be that the polymerization electric current multiply by polymerization time and controls by the polymerization electric weight.
Embodiment 8: at first with multi-walled carbon nano-tubes sonic oscillation 2h in the Tetrabutylammonium bromide solution of 0.05mol/L, make the dispersion liquid A of carbon nanotubes 0.1wt%; It is 0.08mol/L that next adding conductive high polymer monomer ethene dioxythiophene in the diluting soln of A solution or A makes the concentration of conductive high polymer monomer ethene dioxythiophene; And then adding nitrate, to make the concentration of nitrate be that 0.25mol/L makes solution B; At last working electrode and counter electrode are placed solution B, on working electrode, apply 0.8mA/cm
2Current density is carried out electrochemical polymerization, can obtain the composite membrane of layer of even conducting polymer/carbon nanotube after polymerization is finished on working electrode, and the thickness of this composite membrane can be that the polymerization electric current multiply by polymerization time and controls by the polymerization electric weight.
Referring to Fig. 1, as can be seen from the figure carbon nanotube is coated by polypyrrole, and can connect together large-area polypyrrole, can effectively increase the electron conduction of mixture like this.In this matrix material, carbon nanotube not only can be contributed the electric double layer capacitance amount, improves the electroconductibility of mixture, and its hollow structure can absorb volumetric shrinkage and the expansion that causes when polymer discharges and recharges, so mixture has charge-discharge characteristic faster.
Referring to Fig. 2, from Fig. 2 (a) as can be seen, when scanning speed was 10mV/s, the polypyrrole film electrode showed comparatively ideal ultracapacitor cyclic voltammetry curve (near rectangle), but along with the increase of scanning speed, polypyrrole film just shows the cyclic voltammetry curve of similar resistance gradually.Yet the mixture of polypyrrole/carbon nanotube still shows the cyclic voltammetry curve of comparatively ideal ultracapacitor when scanning speed is 200mV/s, shown in Fig. 2 (b).When scanning speed is 10mV/s, the specific storage of the mixture of polypyrrole/carbon nanotube surpasses 200F/g, when scanning speed is 200mV/s, it is 71.1% of 10mV/s that specific storage still has scanning speed, and polypyrrole film is when scanning speed is 200mV/s merely, and it is 13.6% of 10mV/s that specific storage only has scanning speed.As shown in Figure 3.Therefore, the conducting polymer that makes/carbon nanotube electrode material has high conductivity, height ratio capacity and super-quick charging discharge capability, and have stability preferably.Therefore this composite materials can make high-energy-density, high-specific-power and long-life ultracapacitor.
Claims (5)
1, the preparation method of conducting polymer and carbon nano-tube combination electrode material is characterized in that:
1) at first with carbon nanotube sonic oscillation 5min～2h in the surfactant soln of 0.01～0.6mol/L, makes the dispersion liquid A of carbon nanotubes 0.01～0.1wt%;
Secondly 2) adding conductive high polymer monomer in the diluting soln of dispersion liquid A or dispersion liquid A, to make conductive high polymer monomer concentration be 0.01mol/L～0.6mol/L; And then add to support ionogen and make that to support electrolytical concentration be that 0mol/L～0.3mol/L makes solution B;
3) at last working electrode and counter electrode are placed solution B, on working electrode, apply 0.1～10mA/cm
2Current density is carried out electrochemical polymerization, promptly obtains the composite membrane of layer of even conducting polymer/carbon nanotube after polymerization is finished on working electrode, and the thickness of this composite membrane is that the polymerization electric current multiply by polymerization time and controls by the polymerization electric weight.
2, the preparation method of conducting polymer according to claim 1 and carbon nano-tube combination electrode material is characterized in that: said carbon nanotube is Single Walled Carbon Nanotube or multi-walled carbon nano-tubes.
3, the preparation method of conducting polymer according to claim 1 and carbon nano-tube combination electrode material, it is characterized in that: said tensio-active agent is an anion surfactant: Witco 1298 Soft Acid root solution or p-methyl benzenesulfonic acid root solution, and its positively charged ion is hydrogen ion, sodium ion or potassium ion; Or cats product: tetra-allkylammonium solution, alkyl are ethyl or butyl, and negatively charged ion is perchlorate, chlorion or bromide anion.
4, the preparation method of conducting polymer according to claim 1 and carbon nano-tube combination electrode material is characterized in that: said conductive high polymer monomer is pyrroles, aniline, thiophene or their derivative methylpyrrole or ethene dioxythiophene.
5, the preparation method of conducting polymer according to claim 1 and carbon nano-tube combination electrode material is characterized in that: said support ionogen is muriate, perchlorate or nitrate.
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| CN101659789B (en) * | 2008-08-29 | 2012-07-18 | 清华大学 | Preparation method for carbon nano tube/conducting polymer composite material |
| CN101546652B (en) * | 2009-05-06 | 2011-11-30 | 北京科技大学 | Method for improving electric capacity of anode of electrochemical capacitor of organic system |
| CN101937776B (en) * | 2010-07-14 | 2011-12-21 | 清华大学 | Super capacitor |
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| CN102020845B (en) * | 2010-11-25 | 2012-05-23 | 武汉大学 | Preparation method of conductive polyaniline polypyrrole composite membrane |
| CN102516539B (en) * | 2011-12-15 | 2013-09-25 | 河海大学 | Method for preparing polypyrrole/ multi-wall carbon nano tube composite material with core-shell structure |
| CN102660754A (en) * | 2012-05-16 | 2012-09-12 | 上海大学 | Preparation method of polypyrrole carbon nanotube composite with high specific capacitance |
| CN103059343B (en) * | 2012-10-15 | 2014-04-16 | 苏州大学 | Modified carbon nanotube and preparation method thereof |
| CN103196965B (en) * | 2013-03-18 | 2016-01-20 | 北京科技大学 | A kind of method preparing carbon nano-tube composite conducting hydrogel coating modified electrode |
| CN103346021A (en) * | 2013-06-27 | 2013-10-09 | 中国铝业股份有限公司 | Mixed type electrochemical capacitor |
| CN107221449B (en) * | 2017-06-28 | 2019-06-21 | 无锡智高点技术研发有限公司 | A kind of electrode material of supercapacitor and preparation method thereof |
| CN108299824A (en) * | 2018-03-08 | 2018-07-20 | 查公祥 | A kind of hard carbon nanotube conductive thin film and preparation method thereof |
| CN108666143B (en) * | 2018-05-03 | 2020-02-14 | 河北工业大学 | Preparation method of polyaniline-titanium dioxide nanotube array composite electrode |
| CN110724840B (en) * | 2019-10-23 | 2022-03-15 | 东华理工大学 | Preparation method of polyaniline/N-doped graphitized carbon composite conductive membrane electrode |
| CN111223678A (en) * | 2020-01-08 | 2020-06-02 | 重庆电子工程职业学院 | Method for preparing PPy flexible capacitor film conductor with porous structure |
| CN114974923B (en) * | 2021-07-05 | 2024-01-23 | 上海派景新能源科技有限公司 | Electrode material for super capacitor and preparation method thereof |
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| CN1268774A (en) * | 1999-12-17 | 2000-10-04 | 南京大学 | High-strength macroreluctance conductive polymerized film and its preparation method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN1268774A (en) * | 1999-12-17 | 2000-10-04 | 南京大学 | High-strength macroreluctance conductive polymerized film and its preparation method |
| CN1594433A (en) * | 2004-07-13 | 2005-03-16 | 南京大学 | Poly-3,4-ethylenedioxy thiophene/multi-wall carbon nanotube compositions and their preparation process and use |
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