CN100437229C - Liquid crystal display using planar cholesteric liquid crystal as electric control delay wafer - Google Patents
Liquid crystal display using planar cholesteric liquid crystal as electric control delay wafer Download PDFInfo
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- CN100437229C CN100437229C CNB2004100394226A CN200410039422A CN100437229C CN 100437229 C CN100437229 C CN 100437229C CN B2004100394226 A CNB2004100394226 A CN B2004100394226A CN 200410039422 A CN200410039422 A CN 200410039422A CN 100437229 C CN100437229 C CN 100437229C
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a liquid crystal display which uses planar state cholesteric phase liquid crystal as an electric control delay wafer. The present invention which is used as a liquid crystal box of the electric control delay wafer is composed of an upper and a lower parallel glass base plates B1, B2, the periphery of the present invention is provided with a sealing ring, and the inner surfaces of the two base plates are provided with orientation layers Q1, Q2. The present invention is characterized in that each pels of the lower or the upper base plate of the liquid crystal box is provided with pluridentate comb-shaped electrodes G1, G2. The planar state cholesteric phase liquid crystal LC is chared in the liquid crystal box, the optical delay of which is controlled by an electric field which is generated by the pluridentate comb-shaped electrodes, the electric field intensity is changed, so that the optical delay is continuously changed between 0 to lambada /2. The outer surfaces of the two base plates of the liquid crystal box are respectively pasted with a polaroid of which the polarization direction is in an angle of 45 DEG with the direction of each comb-shaped electrode, and the polaroids are vertical with each other, namely that the liquid crystal display is formed. The liquid crystal display is matched with a light source with a thin film transistor matrix and time sequence with three primary colors, namely that the time sequence color liquid crystal display is formed.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of LCD of making automatically controlled retardation plate with plane attitude cholesteric liquid crystal.This automatically controlled retardation plate is made with plane attitude cholesteric liquid crystal, its core technology is: each pixel of (or on) substrate is provided with multiple tooth comb electrode under the liquid crystal cell, the transverse electric field that is parallel to substrate that the optical delay of liquid crystal is subjected to form between multiple tooth comb electrode is controlled, change electric field intensity, optical delay is changed between 0-λ/2 apace continuously.This electrically-controlled liquid crystal retardation plate is equipped with polaroid and can be made into LCD.This LCD is equipped with TFT and red, green, blue three primary colours sequential backlight, can make the sequential keyboard encoder colour liquid crystal display device.
Background technology
People wish colour liquid crystal display device can be truly, color image display apace, have the visual angle of broad and higher light utilization efficiency again, also want low price, can be suitable with CRT monitor.At present, because of being subjected to the slow-footed restriction of liquid crystal response, general thin film transistor active matrix (TFT) LCD (LCD) can only adopt spacing color mixed method, realizes colored the demonstration by the color filter film.Spacing color mixed method need be divided into 3 subpixel to each pixel, by the color filter film, produces 3 width of cloth primary colours images, utilizes the minimum of human eye to differentiate viewing angle characteristic synthetic color pixel on the retina of human eye then.TFT-LCD adopts spacing color mixed method to have following shortcoming:
1) pull at the TFT base, subpixel add up to three times of number of picture elements because each subpixel needs a transistor and an electric capacity at least, therefore, the sum of transistor and electric capacity also is three times of number of picture elements;
2) pull at the TFT base,, aperture opening ratio is reduced because subpixel increases and causes the pixel black surround to increase;
3) need be divided into the multidomain orientation in order to obtain bigger visual angle ， Mei Ma subpixel;
4) in order to make 3 width of cloth primary colours images combined color image on the human eye retina, the necessary and corresponding subpixel electrode alignment of TFT of each subpixel of colour filter film;
Therefore 5) because electric field produces between the upper and lower base plate respective electrode, requiring that box is thick must be very even;
6) the colour filter film costs an arm and a leg;
7) the colored displaying scheme of employing colour filter film, total light utilization efficiency only has an appointment 5%;
8) because number of picture elements increases to three times, the data line drive IC also needs to increase to three times;
9) general TFT-LCD adopts the TN liquid crystal more, and response speed is slower, and smear is arranged when showing animation.In sum, the process structure complexity of spacing color mixed method is made difficulty, costs an arm and a leg, and shows that animation has shortcomings such as smear.Therefore, the LCD based on existing color display technology all can not satisfy the requirement of people to colour liquid crystal display device.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of LCD of making automatically controlled retardation plate with plane attitude cholesteric liquid crystal.The optical delay of this automatically controlled retardation plate is parallel to the electric field controls of substrate, changes electric field intensity, and optical delay is changed between 0-λ/2 apace continuously.This automatically controlled retardation plate is equipped with polaroid and can be made into LCD.This LCD is equipped with TFT and red, green, blue three primary colours time sequence light source, can make many gray scales of sequential keyboard encoder full color LCD, solve that the response speed that existing colour liquid crystal display device exists is slow, light utilization efficiency is low, poor contrast and the colored cost high-technology problem that shows.
The objective of the invention is to realize: a kind of automatically controlled retardation plate by following technical proposals, a liquid crystal cell is arranged, this liquid crystal cell is provided with upper and lower two transparency carriers, this liquid crystal cell periphery is provided with O-ring seal, inside surface at upper and lower base plate respectively is coated with the oriented layer that the liquid crystal molecule tilt angle is set, and this tilt angle scope is 1 °～89 °; It is characterized in that: each pixel of following (or on) substrate of described liquid crystal cell is provided with two multiple tooth comb electrode G parallel to each other
1, G
2, another substrate of liquid crystal cell is a bare board of not establishing electrode; Be perfused with the cholesteric liquid crystal that is the plane attitude in liquid crystal cell, the screw axes of this liquid crystal molecule director are substantially perpendicular to the substrate of liquid crystal cell, are one dimension and distribute.The transverse electric field that is parallel to substrate that the optical delay of liquid crystal is subjected to form between multiple tooth comb electrode is controlled: when not powering up, the optical delay of liquid crystal is 0; Add one less than the electric field E that untwists
CElectric field E the time, with the variation of electric field intensity, the optical delay that can make liquid crystal changes between 0-λ/2 apace continuously.Outside surface at the upper and lower base plate of described liquid crystal cell respectively pastes a polarization direction and comb electrode angle at 45 and orthogonal polaroid, has promptly constituted the LCD of making automatically controlled retardation plate with plane attitude cholesteric liquid crystal.This LCD is equipped with TFT and red, green, blue three primary colours time sequential pulse light source, has promptly constituted the colour liquid crystal display device of making automatically controlled retardation plate with plane attitude cholesteric liquid crystal.This colour liquid crystal display device is synchronously changed fast by TFT control pixel voltage and three primary colours time sequential pulse light source, thereby changes color and the gray scale that sees through light, utilizes the eye storage characteristic of human eye, realizes that by the sequential mixed-color method many gray scales full color shows.
The manufacture method of this patent colour liquid crystal display device is as follows.
1, preparation mixed liquid crystal
The nematic liquid crystal ZLI-5400-100 and chiral material CB15, the R-1011 that adopt EM chemical company to produce are mixed with mixed liquid crystal in proportion, make its catoptrical central wavelength lambda drop on infrared spectral region, i.e. λ＞750nm.
2, make liquid crystal cell
A, on lower baseplate glass, make the transparent multiple tooth comb electrode of ITO with semiconductor technology, its profile signal is got space width 2～8 μ m of multiple tooth comb electrode as shown in Figure 4, and electrode width 1～3 μ m Fang Pu resistance covers the area that the total area equals a pixel less than 10 Ω.On the lower baseplate glass surface that makes multiple tooth comb electrode, the polyimide SE610 that coating NISSON company produces is as oriented layer;
B, solidify oriented layer, and oriented layer is carried out parallel friction, making its tilt angle is 6 °;
C, with the screen process press frame adhesive XN-21 that bites, and will not have the upper substrate of ITO electrode and lower baseplate glass to fit, get the thick 4 μ m of box.
3, perfusion liquid crystal
With priming by vacuum or capillarity method for filling, the mixed liquid crystal for preparing is filled liquid crystal cell, and seal by hot-press solidifying
4, heat treated makes the cholesteric liquid crystal screw axes be the plane attitude that one dimension distributes
Liquid crystal cell is put into stove, be heated to the clearing point temperature of mixed liquid crystal, continue 30 minutes, make it homogenizing, slowly cooling then is up to obtaining the plane attitude that one dimension distributes;
5, paste polaroid
In the outside of the upper and lower substrate of liquid crystal cell, each pastes a polaroid, and the angle of their polarization direction and comb electrode is 45 °, and orthogonal;
6, be equipped with TFT and red, green, blue three primary colours time sequential pulse light source, constitute the colour liquid crystal display device of making automatically controlled retardation plate with plane attitude cholesteric liquid crystal
One electrically-controlled liquid crystal retardation plate principle of work
In liquid crystal cell, the screw axes of plane attitude cholesteric liquid crystal director are vertical or approximately perpendicular to substrate, the liquid crystal molecule director is made Rotating with Uniform around screw axes, polarized light by the time can not produce optical path difference, thereby optical delay is zero.Select the pitch of cholesteric liquid crystal to make it at various angles reflect visible light not, a reflect near infrared light.
What the liquid crystal cell of this patent design was different with general liquid crystal cell is that each pixel of infrabasal plate is provided with two multiple tooth comb electrode G parallel to each other
1, G
2, its profile as shown in Figure 4.When multiple tooth comb electrode did not power up, the liquid crystal molecule director Rotating with Uniform in the liquid crystal cell did not produce optical delay to incident light.The intensity of the electric field that multiple tooth comb electrode produces is weakened to another substrate gradually by multiple tooth comb electrode place substrate, as shown in Figure 2.At E
CUnder the electric field E effect of＞E＞0, the liquid crystal molecule director is Rotating with Uniform no longer, but progressively tends to consistent with direction of an electric field with the enhancing of electric field, simultaneously the pitch lengthening.We call the B district to the zone of molecule director Rotating with Uniform, and the molecule director is called the A district because of the zone that is subjected to electric field influence roughly to trend towards direction of an electric field.In liquid crystal cell, the distribution of liquid crystal molecule director as shown in Figure 3.
When E=0, the thickness in A district is 0, and shown in Fig. 3 (a), optical delay is 0.When adding one less than the electric field E that untwists
CElectric field E, i.e. E
C＞E＞0 o'clock, along with the enhancing of electric field E, the thickness in A district increases, and the thickness in B district reduces, and as if the liquid crystal in the liquid crystal cell is divided into several layers, the thickness that makes the A district of i floor is d
Ai, then the closer to the liquid crystal layer of multiple tooth comb electrode, d
AiBig more, shown in Fig. 3 (b).In the A district, liquid crystal molecular orientation and direction of an electric field are roughly the same, incident light is by the polarization direction and the direction of an electric field angle at 45 of the linearly polarized photon of polaroid formation, and this polarized light will be decomposed into two components vertical with parallel with A district liquid crystal director (being direction of an electric field): vertical component is corresponding to the ordinary refraction index n of liquid crystal
0, parallel component is corresponding to the extraordinary ray refractive index n of liquid crystal
eGross thickness d by the A district
A=∑ d
AiThe optical delay that produces can be used optical path difference Δ n.d
ARepresent.Wherein, Δ n=n
e-n
0Claim birefraction.Refractive index n
0, n
eWith birefraction Δ n all be the function of optical wavelength, d
AChange with the voltage that is applied on the liquid crystal cell.At a certain wavelength X, regulation voltage changes d
A, make optical path difference Δ n.d
A=λ/2, then this liquid crystal cell has just become the automatically controlled retardation plate of half-wavelength of this wavelength light.If at red, green, blue three primary colours light wavelength λ
R, λ
G, λ
B, regulation voltage makes optical delay
Δn
R.d
AR＝λ
R/2
Δn
G.d
AG＝λ
G/2
Δn
B.d
AB＝λ
R/2
Then liquid crystal cell has just become the automatically controlled retardation plate of half-wavelength of red, green, blue three primary colours light.Certainly, also can optical delay be changed between 0～λ/2 rapidly, cooperate with polaroid up and down by regulation voltage, make by light do not pass through to fully pass through fully between variation, obtain different gray scales.
The B district no longer reduces when applied field E increases to a certain degree, but the A district continue to increase, up to greater than the electric field E that untwists
C, i.e. E＞E
CThe time, liquid crystal is untwisted to enter causes nematic phase, and liquid crystal molecule completely points to direction of an electric field, and shown in Fig. 3 (c), pitch is also grown to no vault along with adding, and its optical delay is Δ n.d, d is the thickness of whole liquid crystal cell here.Selection Δ n.d＞＞λ
R/ 2, then liquid crystal always works in the plane attitude.Again because electric field is strong away from the top of electrode at the bottom ratio near electrode, as shown in Figure 2, the optical delay amount of liquid crystal is mainly fixed by the thicker A district rhymed formula in bottom, shown in Fig. 3 (b), so the unevenness that box is thick is very little to the optical delay influence of liquid crystal, helps improving yield rate.
Two color display systems
The colour liquid crystal display device of making automatically controlled retardation plate with plane attitude cholesteric liquid crystal comprises liquid crystal cell, tft active matrix and time sequential pulse light source three parts that are provided with polaroid.
1) has the liquid crystal cell of polaroid
Liquid crystal cell is by two parallel transparency carrier B up and down
1, B
2Constitute, thick 3～10 μ m of box, the liquid crystal cell periphery is provided with O-ring seal, and each pixel of infrabasal plate is provided with two multiple tooth comb electrode G parallel to each other
1, G
2The comb electrodes spacing of multiple tooth comb electrode is 2～8 μ m, and the comb electrodes width is 1～3 μ m, comb electrodes thickness be 80～100nm ， Fang Pu resistance less than 10 Ω, total area coverage of each multiple tooth comb electrode equals the area of a pixel.Its profile signal as shown in Figure 4.The upper and lower base plate inside surface is provided with oriented layer, and outside surface respectively pastes a polarization direction and electric field angle at 45 and orthogonal polaroid PZ
1, PZ
2The perfusion cholesteric liquid crystal makes it be in the plane attitude in the liquid crystal cell.Its bragg reflection wavelength
λ＝
n p0cosθ (1)
Herein
nBe mean refractive index, p
0The intrinsic pitch of cholesteric liquid crystal during for making alive not, θ is the refraction angle of incident light in liquid crystal.In order to guarantee to maximum incident angle (90 °) also not the θ of reflect visible light be about 40 °, the apolegamy liquid crystal material
nAnd p
0, make satisfy λ=
np
0Cos θ ≈ 1000nm＞750nm (infrared light wavelength), then attitude cholesteric liquid crystal in plane all will drop on infrared spectral region to the Bragg reflection optical of various incident angles, and reflect visible light not.
When not powering up, promptly under the null field situation, liquid crystal molecule director Rotating with Uniform in the liquid crystal cell, A district thickness is zero, and light does not produce optical path difference only by the B district, and optical delay is zero.Incident light is by polaroid PZ
1After, produce the linearly polarized photon at polarization direction and electric field angle at 45, behind liquid crystal layer B district, the polarization direction remains unchanged, and still is PZ
1The polarization direction.Because polaroid PZ
1And PZ
2The polarization direction vertical mutually, so polarized light can not pass through polaroid PZ
2, be dark attitude.
When powering up, under electric field action, the liquid crystal molecule director of liquid crystal layer tends to consistent with direction of an electric field because of influenced by electric field force, the A district occurs, and light causes optical delay by the A district.At a certain wavelength X regulation voltage, making optical delay is λ/2, so liquid crystal cell has just become λ/2 wave plates.Incident light is by polaroid PZ
1Produce the polarized light at polarization direction and electric field angle at 45, pass liquid crystal A district after, half-twist angle, polarization direction is with polaroid PZ
2The polarization direction unanimity, so polarization luminous energy is fully by polaroid PZ
2, be bright attitude.If at red, green, blue three primary colours light wavelength λ
R, λ
G, λ
B, regulation voltage makes light delay be respectively λ
R/ 2, λ
G/ 2 and λ
B/ 2, then liquid crystal cell has just become the half-wave plate of red, green, blue three primary colours light.Regulation voltage, making optical delay is λ
R/ 4, λ
G/ 4 and λ
B/ 4, then liquid crystal cell has just become λ/4 wave plates of red, green, blue three primary colours light.Therefore, optical delay is changed apace continuously between 0～λ/2, thereby obtain the light that sees through of different colours and different gray scales by regulation voltage.
Certainly, utilize the automatically controlled retardation plate of this quick response can also design different LCD, photoswitch and other all application.
2) tft active matrix
In this patent, control the optical delay amount of each pixel by the non-homogeneous transverse electric field (see figure 2) of multiple tooth comb electrode generation, picture intelligence voltage is provided for each pixel by TFT, and synchronously change fast with red, green, blue three primary colours sequential backlight, change the color and the gray scale that see through light, utilize the eye storage characteristic of human eye, realize that by the sequential mixed-color method many gray scales full color shows.
3) time sequential pulse light source
This patent adopt to be sent out the light emitting diode (LED) of red, green, blue three primary colours light and is made the time sequential pulse light source, also can adopt other luminophors such as OLED to make the time sequential pulse light source.The switching time of LED, its structure as shown in Figure 5 less than 1 μ s.Press the order of red, green, blue on backlight the LED group is installed, under sequential circuit control, order is lighted red, green, blue LED group, and it is backlight to produce the red, green, blue time sequential pulse.The design of sequential circuit should guarantee sequential backlight with TFT on red, green, blue three frame image signal voltages synchronously change fast.
Three adopt the sequential keyboard encoder colour liquid crystal display device of automatically controlled retardation plate
Adopt in the sequential keyboard encoder colour liquid crystal display device of automatically controlled retardation plate at this patent, by red, green, blue three primary colours time sequential pulse light source, under the clock signal of certain frequency drives, produce the light pulse of red, green, blue three primary colours successively, and cooperate the TFT synchronous operation, sequentially appear on the same pixel.In the enough short time, because the persistence of vision of human eye, the image of these three kinds of light occurs simultaneously on retina, so obtained the color effect after the three primary colours addition.
The colour that obtains the three primary colours addition for the persistence of vision that utilizes human eye shows, at first requires the slewing rate of time sequential pulse light source and TFT must be very fast, and this can accomplish technically.The more important thing is that response speed of liquid crystal is fast.The response time of the electrically-controlled liquid crystal retardation plate that we invent, so fast response speed was enough to guarantee to utilize the sequential mixed-color method to realize colored the demonstration less than 1ms.
The response time τ ∝ η p of cholesteric liquid crystal
2, wherein, η is the coefficient of viscosity of liquid crystal, p is the pitch of liquid crystal.Configuration is during liquid crystal, because along with the increase of chiral material addition, η increases, substantially, η ∝ 1/p, so
τ∝p (2)
That is to say, the response time of liquid crystal and cholesteric liquid crystal pitch roughly be directly proportional.
The front is mentioned, and this patent is by the apolegamy liquid crystal material
n(≈ 1.6) and p
0, can make reflected light drop on infrared spectral region, not reflect visible light.By λ=
np
0=1000nm can try to achieve p
0=0.625 μ m.General box is thick to be the about 24 μ m of pitch of the TN liquid crystal of 6 μ m, about 30ms of response time, the pitch of this patent is 1/40th of the thick TN liquid crystal cell pitch that equals 6 μ m of box, therefore, the response time τ of this patent is also thick than box to be fast approximately 40 times of the response time of the TN LCD of 6 μ m, and promptly the liquid crystal response time of this patent is less than 1ms.So fast response speed is enough to be used for realizing the colored demonstration of sequential keyboard encoder colour mixture.
This patent colour liquid crystal display device compared with prior art has the following advantages.
1, the colour liquid crystal display device of this patent adopts the sequential mixed-color method to realize that full color shows that red, green, blue three primary colours pulsed light illuminates same pixel in proper order, rather than each pixel is divided into three subpixel.Compare with the TFT-LCD that adopts the color filter film, saved 2/3 the thin film transistor (TFT) and the electric capacity of respective numbers;
2, the colour liquid crystal display device of this patent need not expensive color filter film, has avoided the absorption of color filter film to light, and total light utilization efficiency is about 10%, and is higher than the light utilization efficiency (5%) of general TFT-LCD;
Therefore 3, the used liquid crystal of this patent is the plane attitude cholesteric liquid crystal at wide visual angle, rather than the little TN in visual angle, does not need Mei Ma subpixel to be divided into multidomain and is orientated and obtains wide visual angle;
4, the colour liquid crystal display device of this patent is to allow three width of cloth primary colours picture sequences appear on the human eye retina, utilize the eye storage characteristic combined color image of human eye, and do not need to make the colour filter film each subpixel must and the corresponding subpixel electrode alignment of TFT, saved complicated pixel alignment process, technology is simple, and cost of manufacture is low;
5, only be located on the substrate owing to multiple tooth comb electrode, another substrate is a bare board, multiple tooth comb electrode is made by semiconductor technology, the space width high conformity, the electric field intensity that produces is to cause the light delay amount, is weakened gradually to another substrate by its place substrate, and it is less that the light delay amount is influenced by the homogeneity of thickness of liquid crystal box, therefore this patent is less demanding to the thick uniformity coefficient of box, helps improving yield rate;
6, this patent adopts the sequential mixed-color method to realize that full color shows that number of picture elements has reduced 2/3, and the data line drive IC has also reduced 2/3;
7, the response speed of this patent colour liquid crystal display device is very fast, does not have smear when showing animation;
9, the multiple tooth comb electrode of this patent colour liquid crystal display device is made of existing IC technology, guarantees the spacing accuracy uniformity easily, thereby obtains electric field and alive consistance easily;
10, the dark attitude of this patent colour liquid crystal display device is when multiple tooth comb electrode does not power up, and passes through polaroid PZ by incident light
1The polarized light that produces, behind the liquid crystal that does not have light delay, the polarization direction is constant, and light can't pass polarization direction and PZ
1Vertical polaroid PZ
2Present, therefore, dark attitude is very dark.Bright attitude is because monochromatic incident light passes through polaroid PZ
1The polarized light that produces passes the optical delay that liquid crystal has produced λ/2, and the polarization direction has rotated 90 ° of angles, with polaroid PZ
2The polarization direction in full accord, luminous energy is all by polaroid PZ
2, therefore, bright attitude is very bright.The dark very dark and bright attitude of attitude is very bright, so, the contrast height.
Based on above reason, the colour liquid crystal display device image quality that adopts the art of this patent to make is good, and cost is low, makes low price easily.
Description of drawings
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples patent of the present invention is described further.
Fig. 1, make the liquid crystal display device structure synoptic diagram of automatically controlled retardation plate with plane attitude cholesteric liquid crystal
The electric force lines distribution figure of Fig. 2, the non-homogeneous transverse electric field that produces by multiple tooth comb electrode
Liquid crystal molecule director distribution synoptic diagram in Fig. 3, the liquid crystal cell
The profile synoptic diagram of Fig. 4, multiple tooth comb electrode
Fig. 5, red, green, blue three primary colours time sequential pulse light source synoptic diagram
Embodiment
Referring to Fig. 1, that this figure illustrates is an embodiment who makes the LCD of automatically controlled retardation plate with plane attitude cholesteric liquid crystal.In this embodiment, a liquid crystal cell is arranged, this liquid crystal cell is provided with upper and lower two transparency carrier B
1, B
2, this transparency carrier useable glass or other materials are made.The thick 4 μ m of the box of this liquid crystal cell, periphery is provided with O-ring seal.Oriented layer Q with tilt angle is set on the inside surface of two transparency electrodes
1, Q
2, the effect of this one deck is to make surperficial liquid crystal layer have certain orientation and tilt angle, and the oriented layer material of present embodiment is a polyimide, and tilt angle is about 3 °.
On the infrabasal plate inside surface of one of described two transparency carriers, corresponding each pixel is provided with the multiple tooth comb electrode G that makes with tin indium oxide materials such as (ITO)
1, G
2, another substrate is a bare board of not establishing electrode.Described multiple tooth comb electrode G
1, G
2Space width 4 μ m, electrode width 2 μ m ， Fang Pu resistance are less than 10 Ω, the covering total area of each multiple tooth comb electrode equals the area of a pixel, the signal of its profile is as shown in Figure 4.The intensity of the non-homogeneous transverse electric field that this multiple tooth comb electrode produces is weakened to another substrate gradually by multiple tooth comb electrode place substrate, and its electric force lines distribution as shown in Figure 2.
Be filled with the cholesteric liquid crystal LC that is the plane attitude in the liquid crystal cell, its screw axes are substantially perpendicular to the transparency carrier of liquid crystal cell, are one dimension and distribute.Select liquid crystal material, make its not reflect visible light, thereby the effect of incident light is equivalent to an optical delay sheet, its optical delay amount is parallel to the electric field controls of substrate.Under the electric field action that is parallel to base plate for liquid crystal cell that multiple tooth comb electrode produces, the distribution of the liquid crystal molecule director in the liquid crystal cell as shown in Figure 3.When not powering up (E=0), liquid crystal does not have delay to incident light, at E
CUnder the electric field E effect of＞E＞0, liquid crystal molecule director trend is consistent with direction of an electric field, and along with the enhancing that applies electric field E, the light delay amount strengthens.
Outside surface at two transparency carriers respectively pastes a polarization direction and electric field angle at 45 and orthogonal polaroid PZ
1, PZ
2, constitute the achromaticity LCD.This achromaticity LCD is equipped with TFT and red, green, blue three primary colours sequential backlight, constitutes colour liquid crystal display device.Voltage and red, green, blue three primary colours sequential backlight that this colour liquid crystal display device is controlled each pixel by the TFT matrix synchronously change fast, change the color and the gray scale that see through light, utilize the eye storage characteristic of human eye, realize that by the sequential mixed-color method many gray scales full color shows.
Claims (6)
1, a kind ofly makes the LCD of automatically controlled retardation plate, respectively paste a polaroid PZ by the outside of upper and lower two parallel transparency carriers of a liquid crystal cell and liquid crystal cell with plane attitude cholesteric liquid crystal
1, PZ
2Constitute, this liquid crystal cell periphery is provided with O-ring seal, inside surface at upper and lower transparency carrier respectively is coated with the oriented layer that the liquid crystal molecule tilt angle is set, and it is characterized in that: each pixel following or upward one of them transparency carrier of described liquid crystal cell is provided with the electrode G of two multiple tooth pectinations parallel to each other
1, G
2, another transparency carrier of liquid crystal cell is a bare board of not establishing electrode; Be perfused with the cholesteric liquid crystal that is the plane attitude in liquid crystal cell, the screw axes of this liquid crystal molecule director are substantially perpendicular to the transparency carrier of liquid crystal cell, are one dimension and distribute; For incident light, liquid crystal cell is equivalent to a not quick automatically controlled retardation plate of reflect visible light, and the transverse electric field that is parallel to transparency carrier that its optical delay is produced by multiple tooth comb electrode is controlled the polaroid PZ on the outside surface of this upper and lower transparency carrier
1, PZ
2Polarization direction and multiple tooth comb electrode angle at 45 and orthogonal.
2, LCD according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the thickness of liquid crystal cell is 2-10 μ m.
3, LCD according to claim 1 is characterized in that: when multiple tooth comb electrode did not power up, liquid crystal was equivalent to a uniform dielectric, and optical delay is zero; When multiple tooth comb electrode adds one less than the electric field E that untwists
CElectric field E the time, liquid crystal is equivalent to a quick automatically controlled retardation plate, optical delay is with optical path difference Δ n.d
ARepresent, wherein d
ABe the gross thickness of the liquid crystal molecule director liquid crystal region consistent with direction of an electric field, Δ n is the liquid crystal birefringence rate; Optical delay increases with the enhancing of applied field, can change continuously apace between 0-λ/2.
4, LCD according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the mean refractive index of the plane attitude cholesteric liquid crystal in the liquid crystal cell
nIntrinsic pitch p when not powering up
o, satisfy approximate formula
λ＝
np
o≥800nm
The reflection wavelength of LCD drops on infrared spectral region, not reflect visible light.
5, LCD according to claim 1 is characterized in that: when not powering up, incident light is by polaroid PZ
1The linearly polarized light that the back produces does not have optical delay through behind the liquid crystal, and the polarization direction remains unchanged, fully can not be by the polaroid PZ vertical with its polarization direction
2, display is complete dark attitude; When powering up, regulation voltage, making wavelength is that the optical delay of the incident light of λ is λ/2, this wavelength incident light is by polaroid PZ
1The linearly polarized light that the back produces has rotated 90 ° of angles through liquid crystal rear polarizer direction, all by the polaroid PZ parallel with its polarization direction
2, display is complete bright attitude, so the contrast of display is higher.
6, LCD according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: this LCD cooperates with tft active matrix and red, green, blue three primary colours time sequential pulse light source, can form color display system, change fast by TFT control pixel voltage and red, green, blue three primary colours sequential phototiming ground, utilize the persistence of vision of human eye to realize that sequential colour mixture full color shows.
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| CN109270739A (en) * | 2018-11-08 | 2019-01-25 | 河北工业大学 | A kind of phase delay chip |
| CN112979874B (en) * | 2021-02-26 | 2021-11-12 | 北京大学 | Preparation method and application of polymer dispersed liquid crystal film containing terpenoid |
| CN114994964A (en) * | 2022-05-23 | 2022-09-02 | 南京大学 | Planar optical device, preparation method thereof and detection device |
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| US5278684A (en) * | 1986-12-11 | 1994-01-11 | Fujitsu Limited | Parallel aligned chiral nematic liquid crystal display element |
| CN1125986A (en) * | 1993-06-21 | 1996-07-03 | 卡斯西部储备大学 | Cholesteric liquid crystal devices |
| JP2001100256A (en) * | 1999-09-28 | 2001-04-13 | Fujitsu Ltd | Liquid crystal display device |
| JP2003186032A (en) * | 2001-12-14 | 2003-07-03 | Minolta Co Ltd | Liquid crystal display device |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5278684A (en) * | 1986-12-11 | 1994-01-11 | Fujitsu Limited | Parallel aligned chiral nematic liquid crystal display element |
| CN1125986A (en) * | 1993-06-21 | 1996-07-03 | 卡斯西部储备大学 | Cholesteric liquid crystal devices |
| JP2001100256A (en) * | 1999-09-28 | 2001-04-13 | Fujitsu Ltd | Liquid crystal display device |
| JP2003186032A (en) * | 2001-12-14 | 2003-07-03 | Minolta Co Ltd | Liquid crystal display device |
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| CN1655023A (en) | 2005-08-17 |
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