CN100436607C - Quenching process and its quenching device for bearing internal and external rings - Google Patents
Quenching process and its quenching device for bearing internal and external rings Download PDFInfo
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- CN100436607C CN100436607C CNB2006100769334A CN200610076933A CN100436607C CN 100436607 C CN100436607 C CN 100436607C CN B2006100769334 A CNB2006100769334 A CN B2006100769334A CN 200610076933 A CN200610076933 A CN 200610076933A CN 100436607 C CN100436607 C CN 100436607C
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Abstract
The present invention relates to heat treatment technology and a device, particularly to quenching technology of an inner and an outer sleeve rings of a bearing and a quenching press thereof. The steps of the quenching technology are a sheathing and heating step, a quenching and charging step, a step for simultaneously quenching an inner and an outer rings of a bearing and a sheathing and discharging step. A special quenching device comprises a quenching device of the inner ring and the outer ring of a bearing and a manipulator used for grabbing the outer ring of a bearing, wherein the quenching press is sheathed outside a bearing, and a fixed die is used. The quenching device is sheathed in the bearing, and an expansion type die is used. The quenching is closed immersed quenching. The present invention has the characteristics of simple and practical quenching technology and high economic benefit. The quenching device has the advantages of simple structure and good technological applicability. When a workpiece is quenched, the inner and the outer surfaces are simultaneously immersed with oil and cooled, the inner and the outer sleeves of the bearing are uniformly cooled, and the uniform hardness and the little deformation of the inner and the outer sleeves of the bearing are ensured. The suspended manipulator is installed for charging, the operation safety is improved, and the present invention has the advantages of small occupation area and high space utilization rate. The quenching press is especially suitable for matching with mass heat treatment production lines.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of thermal treatment unit, particularly a kind of bearing inner and outer ring quenching apparatus.
Background technology
In the bearing course of processing, need carry out the repeatedly speed-raising of quench treatment, particularly China railways to bearing enclose, also more and more higher to the requirement of railway bearing.Railway bearing Internal and external cycle finished product is required depth of case 1.5-2.3mm, hardness 60-64HRC behind the workpiece surface Q-tempering, centre hardness 35-45HRC.Because the bearing steel distorsion during quenching is big, shrink seriously, so that cause in following process that cementation zone is shallow partially even processed to be fallen, perhaps because distortion is inhomogeneous, casting skin processing in subregion is not fallen and cause batch to be scrapped.Simultaneously, when the bearing inner and outer ring is heated, all adopt inner and outer ring is heated respectively at present, the utilization ratio of heating installation is very low, has wasted a large amount of energy.
Big for solving distorsion during quenching, shrink serious problem, people have done a large amount of work, the inventor has just applied for that on July 28th, 2004 " overcoat Quenching press in a kind of multi-work-station bearing " patent No. is 2004200886806.9 utility model patent, the technical scheme of this patent comprise base, column, supporting beam, up and down power cylinder, up and down slide block, go up lower main axis, mould, guide rail, cooling fuel tank up and down.Base, column and supporting beam are installed and fixed into one, and last power cylinder is installed on the supporting beam, and are connected with last main shaft with top shoe, and mold is installed on the main shaft.Following power cylinder is installed on the base, and is connected with lower main axis with sliding block, and bed die is installed on the lower main axis.The utility model can reduce quenching deformation when guaranteeing the workpiece quenching hardness, reduce spillage of material and scrap rate, shortens grinding man-hour, improves work efficiency, reduces labour intensity, realizes the serialization of multi-work-station quenching process.The inventor improves quenching technology and Quenching press on above-mentioned patent basis at present.
Summary of the invention
One of purpose of the present invention provides a kind of new quenching technology, the inside and outside lasso of bearing is carried out the suit heating, soon bearing inner race is placed in the bearing outer ring and heats simultaneously, then the inside and outside lasso of bearing being put into the inside and outside cover quenching apparatus of bearing respectively quenches simultaneously, suit discharging has then improved the heating efficiency of heating installation.
Two of purpose of the present invention provides a kind of lathe that will have the quenching function and reasonably combines, can be simultaneously to two cover railway bearings promptly in two overcoats, four cover carry out the while quench treatment, and can realize the inside and outside ring quenching equipment of railway bearing that finish automatically the location, quenching, the demoulding etc. of workpiece.
For realizing purpose of the present invention, the technical scheme that is adopted is: a kind of bearing inner and outer ring quenching technology, and the step of this quenching technology is:
The heating of a, suit: the bearing inner race that will need to quench is put into the outer ring of bearing, by process furnace the inside and outside circle of bearing is heated simultaneously:
B, the charging of quenching: the inside and outside circle of the bearing after will heating is put into the inside and outside circle quenching apparatus of bearing respectively;
C, bearing enclose is quenched simultaneously: the inside and outside circle of bearing is positioned fixing the quenching by the inside and outside circle quenching apparatus of bearing;
D, discharging: the inside and outside circle of the bearing after the quenching from quenching apparatus behind the automatic material separator, bearing outer ring is enclosed within bearing inner race again after, the suit discharging.
Above-mentioned quenching charging process is to put into the bearing outer ring quenching apparatus after by mechanical manipulator bearing outer ring being picked up.
Be used in the special bearing of bearing inner and outer ring quenching technology, the outside race quenching apparatus, this equipment comprises in the bearing, outer ring quenching apparatus base, quenching mould, column and the crossbeam that is installed on the column, it is characterized in that on the base of bearing outside Quenching press, being equipped with movably box worktable, bearing outside quenching bed die is installed on box worktable, on the base of bearing outside quenching bed, be fixed with column, be fixed with crossbeam on the column, on crossbeam, be connected with moved cross beam moving up and down by oil cylinder, the cooling oil cover is fixed on the moved cross beam, the lower surface of cooling oil cover is equipped with sealing-ring, in the cooling oil cover, be equipped with box worktable on the corresponding bearing outside quenching of bed die mold, mold links to each other with oil cylinder on being fixed on moved cross beam, side at box worktable is equipped with cooling-oil inlet, and cooling-oil inlet is corresponding with the outlet on the cooling oil transfer lime; Extension on crossbeam is equipped with guide rail, the mechanical manipulator that is used for the grip axes bearing outer-ring that can move along track is installed on track, be fixed with the bearing inner sleeve quenching apparatus below in bearing outside Quenching press one side mechanical manipulator moving range, liftable bearing inner sleeve quenching mould is installed in the worktable of bearing inner sleeve quenching apparatus.
The above-mentioned bearing outside quenching bed die that is installed on the box worktable is two covers.
The mobile of above-mentioned mechanical manipulator is to move by the mobile seat of cylinder drive that moves horizontally that is installed on the crossbeam, on mobile the vertical-lift cylinder is installed, and vertical-lift cylinder one end is fixed on the mobile seat, and the other end links to each other with mechanical manipulator.
The liftable bearing inner sleeve quenching mould of installing in the worktable of above-mentioned bearing inner sleeve quenching apparatus comprise by the tensioner cone and with the supporting tensioner cover of tensioner cone, in the thermal treatment casing that forms by worktable, be equipped with casing is divided into, the dividing plate of following two chambers, oil cylinder that drive moved up and down by quench part and the tensioner oil cylinder that is connected with tensioner cone in the quenching mould are installed on the lower plane of dividing plate, the piston rod of oil cylinder stretches out dividing plate and is fixedly linked with lifter plate in the upper chamber, plane and quenching mould corresponding section have the hole on lifter plate and thermal treatment casing, on lifter plate, be fixed with the part supporting base with the position of opening corresponding position, the fixedly bearing of quenching mould is installed on plane on the dividing plate, the piston rod of oil cylinder passes bearing and is connected with tensioner cone in the quenching mould, on the thermal treatment casing lower chambers cooling liquid inlet is installed, in thermal treatment casing upper chamber, cooling liquid outlet is installed, cooling fluid is entered having on the dividing plate, the passage of lower chambers.
The quantity of above-mentioned oil cylinder and the quenching mould that is connected with the tensioner oil cylinder is two covers, and plane and quenching mould corresponding section have two holes on lifter plate and the thermal treatment casing that formed by worktable.
In the above-mentioned thermal treatment casing upper chamber that forms by worktable, have the overflow weir that is used for overflow.
Characteristics of the present invention are: 1, quenching technology is simple, practical, the economic benefit height.The heating of suit in this quenching technology can improve one times of the heating efficiency of hot-treatment heating equipment and rate of heating, and the heating cost that simultaneously low heating device can be arranged is more than one times, for bearing in enormous quantities processing enterprise, economic benefit highly significant.2, the quenching apparatus that matches in above-mentioned technology has simple in structurely, and the technology suitability is good, and accurate work piece positioning has improved working efficiency and quality that the inside and outside cover of bearing quenches; 3, workpiece is when quenching, and cool off interior outside immersion oil simultaneously, and the inside and outside cover cooling of bearing has evenly so just guaranteed that the inside and outside cover hardness of bearing is even, distortion is little; 4,, improved the security of operation, and made the floor space of this programme little, the space availability ratio height by last suspension mechanical manipulator material loading; 5, this Quenching press can quench to two cover railway bearings simultaneously, is fit to very much the supporting use with heat-treatment production line in enormous quantities.
Description of drawings
Accompanying drawing 1 is the structural representation of reality of the present invention;
Accompanying drawing 2 is the structural representation of bearing outside Quenching press of the present invention;
Accompanying drawing 3 is the structural representation of bearing inner sleeve quenching apparatus worktable of the present invention.
Embodiment
One cover railway bearing is made up of cover and an overcoat in two, to in it, when outside race is quenched, be contained in the bearing outside after two bearing inner sleeves have been piled up, send in the continuous furnace and heat, in the railway bearing after the heating, outside race is transported on the worktable 26 of bearing inner sleeve quenching apparatus as shown in Figure 1 by the quick travel roller-way, by the mechanical manipulator 22 on the guide rail 18 that is installed in the extension on the crossbeam 3 bearing outside 7 is picked up, be moved to the left along guide rail, put into the bearing outside quenching bed die 15 that is installed on the box worktable 14 and quench, two cover bearing inner sleeves 23 quench by the bearing inner sleeve quenching apparatus that is installed in the right side.
After quench finishing, after by mechanical manipulator 22 bearing outside 7 being picked up, be sleeved on discharging behind the bearing inner sleeve.
Fig. 1,2, in 3, the 1-oil cylinder, 2-cooling oil transfer lime, the 3-crossbeam, the 4-oil cylinder, the 5-mold, 6-cooling oil cover, the 7-bearing outside, the 8-column, the 9-outlet, the 10-cylinder, the 11-base, the 12-cooling-oil inlet, the 13-inner chamber, the box worktable of 14-, the 15-bed die, the 16-sealing-ring, the 17-moved cross beam, the 18-guide rail, 20-moves seat, 21-vertical-lift cylinder, the 22-mechanical manipulator, the 23-bearing inner sleeve, 24-moves horizontally cylinder, the 25-column, the 26-worktable, 27-part supporting base, the 28-lifter plate, the 29-piston rod, 30-tensioner cone, 31-tensioner cover, 32-upper chamber, the 33-overflow weir, the 34-hole, 35-tensioner oil cylinder, the 36-passage, the 37-lower chambers, the 38-cooling liquid inlet, the 39-oil cylinder, the 40-dividing plate, the 41-bearing, the 42-outlet
The quenching process of bearing inner sleeve as shown in Figure 3, the worktable 26 of bearing inner sleeve quenching apparatus is a body structure, heated bearing inner sleeve 23 is transported on the worktable 26, at this moment be fixed on the lifter plate 28 the piston rod 29 of part supporting base 27 by oil cylinder 39 by on lift planar position of opening on the worktable 26, the last plane of supporting base is concordant with the last plane of worktable, bearing inner sleeve is placed on the part supporting base, at this moment piston rod 29 descends, drive lifter plate and part supporting base and descend, the tensioner cone 30 of quenching mould is passed in lifter plate 28 and the part supporting base intermediary hole.Because the frustum on tensioner cone 30 tops can make bearing inner sleeve be overlapped in 31 by the tensioner that automatic capturing is inserted in the quenching mould.When oil cylinder 39 dropped to position, the end, as the position as shown in the right side view of Fig. 3, at this moment the piston rod of tensioner oil cylinder 35 moved down, because the piston rod of tensioner oil cylinder 35 links to each other with the tensioner cover, the tensioner cover was strutted, with workpiece 23 location clampings.Cooling liquid inlet 38 and the passage 36 dividing plate 40 on of cooling fluid by being installed in worktable one side enters in the upper chamber 32 in the worktable, the cooling fluid inner face that covers into workpiece by the hole 34 of opening on lower chambers 37, the bearing 41 and tensioner simultaneously, quenched in the interior outside of bearing inner sleeve simultaneously, the cooling fluid that exceeds spillwag chute turns back in the oil sump by overflow weir 33.Quench after the end, the cooling fluid in the worktable is returned in the oil sump by exporting 42.The piston rod of tensioner oil cylinder moves up, tensioner cover withdrawal, and piston rod 29 moves up simultaneously, with the last plane of bearing inner sleeve elevate a turnable ladder to worktable, finishes the quenching process to workpiece by lifter plate 28 and part supporting base 27.
As shown in Figure 3, the technical program is made up of two cover quenching mould, and the medullary ray left side is for getting the workpiece station in the quenching process, and the medullary ray right side is a quench station in the quenching process.When cover carried out thermal treatment in to railway bearing, this device can be handled cover in four simultaneously, two covers in the mould of left side, two covers in the mould of right side.
The quenching process of bearing outside as shown in Figure 1, 2, after bearing outside 7 was picked up by mechanical manipulator 22, mechanical manipulator was moved to the left along guide rail 18, this moment box worktable 14 in waiting position shown in Figure 2.The bearing outside quenching bed die of installing on the box worktable 14 15 put into bearing outside by mechanical manipulator, box then worktable 14 moves right under cylinder 10 effects that are fixedly mounted on the base 11, make the bearing outside quenching mold 5 that is fixed in the cooling oil cover 6 with its on same axis, 9 airtight cooperations of outlet on the cooling-oil inlet 12 that simultaneously box worktable one side is installed and the cooling oil transfer lime 2.On the base 11 of bearing outside quenching bed, be fixed with column 8, be fixed with crossbeam 3 on the column, on crossbeam 3, be connected with moved cross beam 17 moving up and down by oil cylinder 1, cooling oil cover 6 is fixed on the moved cross beam 17, the lower surface of cooling oil cover 6 is equipped with sealing-ring 16, and mold 5 links to each other with oil cylinder 4 on being fixed on moved cross beam 17.When box worktable 14 after moving into place, oil cylinder 1 drives cooling oil cover 6 and moves down, make the last plane formation sealing of sealing-ring 16 with the box worktable 14 of cooling oil cover 6 lower surfaces, bearing outside quenching mold 5 insertion bearing outsides and bearing outside quenching bed die 15 locate bearing outside, compress simultaneously, at this moment cooling oil is entered in box worktable 14 inner chambers 13 by cooling oil transfer lime 2, outlet 9 and cooling-oil inlet 12, enters 6 pairs of bearing outsides of cooling oil cover by the hole of opening on the plane on the box worktable 14 and carries out quench treatment; Quench after the end, cooling oil is discharged cooling oil by the backflow oil-release valve that is installed on the worktable 14.After cooling oil cover 6 moved up and puts in place, box worktable was moved to the left, and after bearing outside grasped by mechanical manipulator 22, moving right was enclosed within bearing outside on the bearing inner sleeve again, and the circulation of quenching is finished in the suit discharging.
The mobile of mechanical manipulator 22 is to move by the mobile seat 20 of cylinder 24 drives that moves horizontally that is installed on the crossbeam 3, on mobile seat 20, vertical-lift cylinder 21 is installed, vertical-lift cylinder 21 1 ends are fixed on and move on the seat 20, and the other end links to each other with mechanical manipulator 22 and can make mechanical manipulator finish the action that moves up and down.For improving the stability of crossbeam 3, column 25 is installed at the crossbeam right-hand member.
Claims (6)
1, a kind of railway bearing inner and outer ring quenching apparatus, this equipment comprises in the bearing, outer ring quenching apparatus base, quenching mould, column and the crossbeam that is installed on the column, it is characterized in that on the base (11) of bearing outside Quenching press, movably box worktable (14) being installed, bearing outside quenching bed die (15) is installed on box worktable (14), on the base (11) of bearing outside quenching bed, be fixed with column (8), be fixed with crossbeam (3) on the column, upward be connected with moved cross beam moving up and down (17) at crossbeam (3) by oil cylinder (1), cooling oil cover (6) is fixed on the moved cross beam (17), the lower surface of cooling oil cover (6) is equipped with sealing-ring (16), in cooling oil cover (6), be equipped with box worktable (14) on bed die (15) corresponding bearing outside quenching mold (5), mold (5) links to each other with oil cylinder (4) on being fixed on moved cross beam (17), side at box worktable (14) is equipped with cooling-oil inlet (12), and cooling-oil inlet is corresponding with the outlet (9) on the cooling oil transfer lime (2); Extension on crossbeam (3) is equipped with guide rail (18), the mechanical manipulator that is used for grip axes bearing outer-ring (7) (22) that can move along track is installed on track (18), below in bearing outside Quenching press one side mechanical manipulator (22) moving range is fixed with the bearing inner sleeve quenching apparatus, in the worktable (26) of bearing inner sleeve quenching apparatus liftable bearing inner sleeve quenching mould is installed.
2, railway bearing inner and outer ring quenching apparatus according to claim 1 is characterized in that the above-mentioned bearing outside quenching bed die (15) that is installed on the box worktable (14) is two covers.
3, railway bearing inner and outer ring quenching apparatus according to claim 1, it is characterized in that the mobile of above-mentioned mechanical manipulator (22) is to move by cylinder (24) the mobile seat of drive (20) that moves horizontally that is installed on the crossbeam (3), on mobile seat (20), vertical-lift cylinder (21) is installed, vertical-lift cylinder (21) one ends are fixed on and move on the seat (20), and the other end links to each other with mechanical manipulator (22).
4, railway bearing inner and outer ring quenching apparatus according to claim 1, it is characterized in that the liftable bearing inner sleeve quenching mould of installing in the worktable (26) of above-mentioned bearing inner sleeve quenching apparatus comprise by tensioner cone (30) and with the supporting tensioner cover (31) of tensioner cone, in the thermal treatment casing that forms by worktable (26), be equipped with casing is divided into, the dividing plate of following two chambers (40), oil cylinder (39) that drive moved up and down by quench part and the tensioner oil cylinder (35) that is connected with tensioner cone (30) in the quenching mould are installed on the lower plane of dividing plate (40), the piston rod of oil cylinder (29) stretch out dividing plate and with upper chamber (32) in lifter plate (28) be fixedly linked, plane and quenching mould corresponding section have the hole on lifter plate and thermal treatment casing, on lifter plate, be fixed with part supporting base (27) with the position of opening corresponding position, the fixedly bearing of quenching mould (41) is installed on the last plane of dividing plate (40), the piston rod of oil cylinder (39) passes bearing (41) and is connected with tensioner cone (30) in the quenching mould, cooling liquid inlet (38) is installed on the thermal treatment casing lower chambers (37), cooling liquid outlet (42) is installed in thermal treatment casing upper chamber (32), on dividing plate (40), has cooling fluid is entered, the passage of lower chambers (36).
5, railway bearing inner and outer ring quenching apparatus according to claim 4, it is characterized in that above-mentioned oil cylinder (39) is two covers with the quantity of the quenching mould that is connected with tensioner oil cylinder (35), the last plane and the quenching mould corresponding section of the thermal treatment casing that forms at lifter plate with by worktable (26) have two holes.
6, railway bearing inner and outer ring quenching apparatus according to claim 4 is characterized in that having the overflow weir (33) that is used for overflow in the above-mentioned thermal treatment casing upper chamber (32) that is formed by worktable (26).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2006100769334A CN100436607C (en) | 2006-04-10 | 2006-04-10 | Quenching process and its quenching device for bearing internal and external rings |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2006100769334A CN100436607C (en) | 2006-04-10 | 2006-04-10 | Quenching process and its quenching device for bearing internal and external rings |
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| CN1858268A CN1858268A (en) | 2006-11-08 |
| CN100436607C true CN100436607C (en) | 2008-11-26 |
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Owner name: NINGXIA MACHINERY RESEARCH INSTITUTE (CO., LTD.) Free format text: FORMER OWNER: ZHANG GUANGRONG Effective date: 20140504 |
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Effective date of registration: 20140504 Address after: Plover Cove road in Yinchuan city 750011 No. 420 the Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region Jinfeng Industrial Zone Ningxia Machinery Research Institute Patentee after: Ningxia Machinery Research Institute (limited liability company) Address before: 750001 Ningxia Machinery Research Institute, No. 17 Middle Road, hi tech Development Zone, the Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Yinchuan Patentee before: Zhang Guangrong |