CN100431669C - Method for treating SO2 in coal firing smoke by red mud - Google Patents

Method for treating SO2 in coal firing smoke by red mud Download PDF

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CN100431669C
CN100431669C CNB2006100987057A CN200610098705A CN100431669C CN 100431669 C CN100431669 C CN 100431669C CN B2006100987057 A CNB2006100987057 A CN B2006100987057A CN 200610098705 A CN200610098705 A CN 200610098705A CN 100431669 C CN100431669 C CN 100431669C
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red mud
coal
gas
fired flue
burning
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CN1899669A (en
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王熙慧
吕子剑
吴钢
吴红应
黄健
安松琦
何静华
刘彩玫
郑娟
程秀华
朱花芬
曲国林
侯用兴
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CHALCO MINING Co Ltd
Aluminum Corp of China Ltd
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Aluminum Corp of China Ltd
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Abstract

The present invention relates to waste utilization and coal burning fume purification, and is especially process of eliminating SO2 from coal burning fume with red mud as waste from alumina production. The process includes grinding and mixing red mud and coal and burning the mixture in fluidized bed coal burning boiler. The present invention features the de-sulfurizing at high temperature with red mud and has lowered de-sulfurizing load after burning.

Description

A kind of red mud that utilizes is handled SO in the coal-fired flue-gas 2Method
Technical field
A kind of red mud that utilizes is handled SO in the coal-fired flue-gas 2Method, relate to the purification method of a kind of smelting process waste utilization and coal-fired flue-gas, particularly utilize and produce the aluminium oxide waste red mud and remove SO in the coal-fired flue-gas 2Method.
Background technology
Red mud is the waste products that aluminum oxide industry is produced, and chemical analysis is extremely complicated, and alkalescence is very high, and the pH value of its attached liquid is greater than 12.5, and the sewage comprehensive discharge is divided into overstandard waste water.The discharge rate of red mud is very big, and one ton of aluminium oxide of every production is promptly discharged the red mud about a ton.Domestic aluminium oxide output was 7,000,000 tons in 2000, discharged about 7,000,000 tons of red mud; Domestic aluminium oxide output was 8,500,000 tons in 2005, discharged about 8,500,000 tons of red mud; Domestic aluminium oxide estimated output was 1,130 ten thousand tons in 2006, discharged about 1,130 ten thousand tons of red mud; Red mud (containing attached liquid) belongs to harmful strong basicity waste residue.The most alumina producer in countries in the world adopts the mode of storing up to handle at present, not only take a large amount of soils and farmland, expend more stockyard building and maintenance cost, residual highly basic composition in the red mud has formed bigger pressure and potential hazard to underground water system and environment.Since the distinctive physicochemical property of red mud, chemistry and thing phase composition complexity, and also have the strong basicity component, be the difficult point and the emphasis of the aluminum oxide industry disposal of three wastes always.How farthest to limit the environmental hazard of red mud, comprehensive utilization red mud by all kinds of means becomes the bottleneck problem that aluminium oxide enterprise develops in a healthy way.
Coal is as the main energy sources of China, and yearly consumption is huge, the coal-fired SO that is discharged 2Gas constitutes heavy pressure and harm to atmospheric environment.SO in the current atmosphere pollution of China 287%, dust 71% from coal burning.According to " China Environmental State Bulletin ", national SO in 2004 2Discharge capacity is 2254.9 ten thousand tons, occupies first of the world.Along with SO 2The rising year by year of discharge capacity, the acid rain district is the gesture of expansion year by year, has become the important environmental factor of restriction economy and social development.And coal-fired flue gas desulfurization also is close to blank.Therefore catch coal-fired flue-gas SO 2Discharging the source of this main harm atmospheric environment and strengthen the flue gas desulfurization management, is control SO 2The important green technology measure of polluting.
In (He Baiquan, Zhou Guohua etc., the 2nd phase of " light metal " calendar year 2001), the technology of storing up and the comprehensive utilization technique that improve red mud have been introduced in " application of red mud in environmental protection ".Aspect comprehensive utilization, mainly contain: the processing of red pigment, acid ground conditioning agent, valuable element recovery, Cast Iron Production, construction material (cement, brick) application, rubber and plastics industry filler, waste water and gas etc., wherein use red mud and administer waste water and gas, the research of " treatment of wastes with processes of wastes against one another " causes attention both domestic and external.More abroad in the application technology patent quantity of utilizing red mud to administer aspect the waste water and gas.The pretreated red mud of many employings is made adsorbent or absorbent aspect waste gas pollution control and treatment, removes the SO in the waste gas 2, H 2Acid pollution such as S, NOx gas.Domestic technical merit aspect the red mud comprehensive utilization is lower, only has indivedual alumina producers to produce cement with red mud, and all the other are many handles in the mode of storing up, and especially still belongs to blank in the research that utilizes red mud to administer aspect waste water, the waste gas.
, analyze and commented in (2005 the 8th phases of Guan Duojiao, Xu Youning " environmental protection ") in " being fit to the flue gas desulfurization technique investigation of China's national situation " from the characteristics and the related process index of the flue gas desulfurization technique of external introduction.Introducing, digest, absorb on the basis of external advanced flue gas desulfurization technique, strengthen technological innovation, exploitation is fit to the flue gas desulfurization technique technology of China's national situation.Adopt the in-furnace calcium spraying desulfurization to combine with flue gas desulfurization, improve smoke desulfurization efficiency to simplify technology.
In " coal burning flue gas desulfurization technical research " (2002 the 1st phases of Yang Tingge " Chemical Engineer "), introduced mechanism Journal of Sex Research with the calcium injection and desulfurization technology of twice solid sulphur in the stove and behind the stove, start with from the desulfur technology principle, having inquired into influences desulfurizing agent to SO 2The factor of adsorption capacity.Propose to add alkali metal compound and Cr 2O 3, improve the high temperature desulfurizing efficient of lime stone.And Ca (OH) under the application moisture film ionic reaction model explanation low temperature proposed 2With SO 2The neodoxy of reaction mechanism, analysis meter have been calculated the influence degree of the in-furnace calcium spraying desulfurization operation thermal efficiency.
Related data shows: for the basic research of coal-fired flue gas desulfurization, the foreign scholar has carried out a large amount of research.Research on solid sulphur property and solid sulphur mechanism is quite deep, and is quite ripe on commercial Application.Absorb SO at the sulphur-fixing agent lime stone 2Thermodynamics and kinetics procedural theory research aspect quite extensive, and corresponding Mathematical Modeling is proposed, they have described the solid sulphur property of CaO with different angles.Domestic work in this respect quite lags behind, and fundamental research and related data are comparatively deficient.At the actual conditions of China, strengthen basic theory and application technical research aspect coal-fired flue gas desulfurization, accumulate experience and data, for industrial design and industrial applications provide technical support significant.
Solve red mud for alumina plant and pile up the problem that produces, SO in the coal-fired flue-gas 2The problem of generation be still an industrial difficult problem at present.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is deficiency, provide a kind of red mud that can effectively utilize to reduce the problem of piling up generation, can effectively handle SO in the coal-fired flue-gas again at above prior art existence 2The red mud that utilizes handle SO in the coal-fired flue-gas 2Method.
The objective of the invention is to be achieved through the following technical solutions.
A kind of red mud that utilizes is handled SO in the coal-fired flue-gas 2Method, it is characterized in that processing procedure to be discarded red mud that alumina producing is discharged enter grinding machine with fire coal grinding and mixing, enter circulating fluidized bed combustion coal boiler burning then.
A kind of red mud that utilizes of the present invention is handled SO in the coal-fired flue-gas 2Method, the addition that it is characterized in that red mud is that the molar ratio with the content of calcium oxide in the red mud and the sulfur content in the raw coal is that benchmark adds, the mol ratio of calcium oxide and sulphur is 1.5~2.5.
Method of the present invention, adding interpolation CaO/S mol ratio in fire coal is the red mud of 1.5-2.5, enter coal-burning boiler and carry out desulphurization during combustion, furnace temperature is about 1000 ℃, in this technical process, the alkaline earth metal compound that is comprised in the red mud is decomposed into oxide rapidly, and the sulphides burn in the coal is decomposed into SO 2Gas, in the presence of high temperature and vanadium, ferriferous oxide, SO 2Be oxidized into SO rapidly 3, SO 3Acidity much larger than SO 2, can be greatly improve respond and activity with alkaline earth oxide, especially in the presence of the part alkali metal oxide, alkaline earth oxide and SO 2Or SO 3Reactivity improves, and speeds up, and can significantly improve the absorption SO of alkaline earth oxide 2Or SO 3Ability, with SO in the flue gas 2Or SO 3Absorption or absorption are fixed on the red mud particulate, discharge with the form of coal ash, and the hostile environment that is comprised in the red mud hinders the alkali metal oxide of comprehensive utilization to be reacted neutralization, the SO in the coal-fired flue-gas 2The pernicious gas composition is absorbed fixing, has reached the purpose of cutting down pernicious gas composition discharge capacity in the coal-fired flue-gas.And with red mud after the desulfurization of coal ash form discharge, the raw material resources that can be used for producing building materials (as cement, brick).Calculate desulfurization degree with sulphates content in the coal ash.
The inventive method, with the physicochemical property of red mud self, and the hostile environment that is comprised, hinder its comprehensive utilization elemental composition for the basis, combine with the know-why of coal-fired flue gas desulfurization.The red mud that utilizes that proposes is administered SO in the coal-fired flue-gas 2The process technology scheme of harmful components is for the comprehensive utilization and the coal-fired flue gas desulfurization of red mud finds a kind of scientific and effective comprehensive treatment scheme and relevant technology.
Method of the present invention compares analysis with the comprehensive utilization technique and the coal-fired flue gas desulfurization technology of industrial waste red mud, and the core technology with both of success has been carried out merging and extended.Start with from the improvement of the coal-fired flue-gas sour gas of China's atmospheric environment pressure maximum, be connected cleverly, make up with the solid waste red mud comprehensive utilization technique science of discharging in the alumina producing.Proposed first with the red mud is the processing technology routine that body material is used for coal-fired flue gas desulfurization, technology path flow scheme design through meticulous science, the essential element to environment structure harm with both comprised is neutralized in this technological process, is shifted, is absorbed, is fixed.Alleviate from the source and even eliminate involved harmful element formed pressure of environment and harm.
Method of the present invention is the most effective SO according to alkali metal oxide 2The gas absorbent principle.The alkali metal oxide of the hostile environment that comprises in the red mud is changed into the most effective desulfurization part in technological process.Because alkali, alkaline earth oxide will make carbon lattice structure torsional deformation, thereby make the carbon oxygen complex be easy to break away from from lattice in the combustion process of coal.Improved the reactivity of carbon, especially to improve the reactivity effect of carbon the most obvious for alkali metal oxide, promotes the carrying out of combustion process, accelerates the burning velocity of carbon, makes more thorough that the combustion reaction of carbon carries out, and improves coal-fired efficiency of combustion.And, promote and improve the high temperature desulfurizing effect of alkaline earth oxide because the existence of alkali metal compound can make alkaline earth oxide high temperature inhale the sulphur performance and be greatly improved.In addition because the existence of vanadium, ferriferous oxide can promote SO 2Change SO into 3Process, thereby improve the respond of oxysulfide and alkaline earth oxide, the desulfuration efficiency of raising alkaline earth oxide.
Method of the present invention, coal-fired flue gas desulfurization technology emphasis is moved forward, that is to say, sweetening process behind the stove is advanced to desulfuration in furnace, bring into play the characteristics of red mud desulfurization under hot environment as far as possible, in the process of coal combustion, finish or major part is finished sweetening process, reach reduce so that the cancellation stove after the load and the technical process of flue gas desulfurization.
Description of drawings
Accompanying drawing 1 is the process chart of the inventive method.
The specific embodiment
A kind of red mud that utilizes is handled SO in the coal-fired flue-gas 2Method, it is characterized in that processing procedure to be discarded red mud that alumina producing is discharged enter grinding machine with fire coal grinding and mixing, enter circulating fluidized bed combustion coal boiler burning then; The addition of red mud is that the molar ratio with the content of calcium oxide in the red mud and the sulfur content in the raw coal is that benchmark adds, and the mol ratio of calcium oxide and sulphur is 1.5~2.5.
Embodiment 1
Industrial coal (shanxi coal) sulfur content 2.20%, ash content 20%.After making coal dust, add in the combustion furnace and burn, 850 ℃ of fire box temperatures are after burning is finished.Analyze sulphates content in the coal ash, the conversion desulfurization degree is≤15%.
Embodiment 2
Industrial coal is with example 1, and the red mud from sintering process that alumina producing is discharged is an example, and (chemical composition sees Table 1),
The chemical composition (weight %) of the discarded red mud that table 1 alumina producing is discharged:
Figure C20061009870500081
With CaO in the red mud is benchmark, is that 2.0 ratio adds red mud from sintering process with the full sulphur mol ratio in calcium oxide and the industrial coal, and ground and mixed is even, put into combustion furnace and burn, fire box temperature is at 850 ℃, after burning is finished, analyze sulphates content in the coal ash, the conversion desulfurization degree reaches 58.6%.
Embodiment 2
Industrial coal and red mud implement 1 together with example 1, with CaO content in the red mud is benchmark, it with the full sulphur mol ratio in calcium oxide and the industrial coal 2.0 ratio, add Bayer red mud, after ground and mixed is even, puts into combustion furnace and burn, fire box temperature is at 950 ℃, after burning is finished, analyze sulphates content in the coal ash, the conversion desulfurization degree reaches 56.2%.
Embodiment 3
Industrial coal and red mud implement 1 together with example 1, with CaO content in the red mud is benchmark, it with the full sulphur mol ratio in calcium oxide and the industrial coal 1.5 ratio, add Bayer red mud, after ground and mixed is even, puts into combustion furnace and burn, fire box temperature is at 1000 ℃, after burning is finished, analyze sulphates content in the coal ash, the conversion desulfurization degree reaches 55.2%.
Embodiment 4
Industrial coal and red mud implement 1 together with example 1, with CaO content in the red mud is benchmark, it with the full sulphur mol ratio in calcium oxide and the industrial coal 2.5 ratio, add Bayer red mud, after ground and mixed is even, puts into combustion furnace and burn, fire box temperature is at 950 ℃, after burning is finished, analyze sulphates content in the coal ash, the conversion desulfurization degree reaches 54.2%.

Claims (3)

1. one kind is utilized red mud to handle SO in the coal-fired flue-gas 2Method, it is characterized in that processing procedure to be discarded red mud that alumina producing is discharged enter grinding machine with fire coal grinding and mixing, enter circulating fluidized bed combustion coal boiler burning then.
2. a kind of red mud that utilizes according to claim 1 is handled SO in the coal-fired flue-gas 2Method, the addition that it is characterized in that red mud is that the molar ratio with the content of calcium oxide in the red mud and the sulfur content in the raw coal is that benchmark adds, the mol ratio of calcium oxide and sulphur is 1.5~2.5.
3. a kind of red mud that utilizes according to claim 1 is handled SO in the coal-fired flue-gas 2Method, the addition that it is characterized in that red mud is that the molar ratio with the content of calcium oxide in the red mud and the sulfur content in the raw coal is that benchmark adds, the mol ratio of calcium oxide and sulphur is 2.0.
CNB2006100987057A 2006-07-06 2006-07-06 Method for treating SO2 in coal firing smoke by red mud Active CN100431669C (en)

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Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101480568B (en) * 2008-12-29 2011-09-07 中国铝业股份有限公司 Red mud sulphur-fixing agent and fuel coal sulphur-fixing method using red mud
CN102134521B (en) * 2010-01-21 2013-10-16 泰山学院 Method for producing sulfur-fixing agent and sulfur-fixing briquette by using waste dry battery
CN101797468B (en) * 2010-04-20 2012-06-27 杭州恩内泽科技有限公司 Method for desulfurating coal slime fluidized bed boiler by utilizing papermaking white mud and black liquor
CN102049180A (en) * 2010-12-14 2011-05-11 孙业龙 Coal desulfurizer prepared from red mud and preparation method thereof
CN106390703A (en) * 2016-05-26 2017-02-15 河北工程大学 System for controlling desulphurization of fire coal by using wireless sensor network and red mud
CN106563353A (en) * 2016-11-15 2017-04-19 昆明理工大学 Method for utilizing Bayer process red mud slurry for catalytic oxidation treating of low-concentration SO2 smoke
CN115491487B (en) * 2022-08-11 2023-11-24 昆明理工大学 Method and device for recycling heat of red mud dry desulfurization coupled submerged arc furnace gas

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