CN100429895C - 用于确定无线局域网中的发射功率电平和/或传输速率的方法和装置 - Google Patents
用于确定无线局域网中的发射功率电平和/或传输速率的方法和装置 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
一种方法和设备,用于调整位于无线局域网(WLAN)的基本业务组(BSS)或独立基本业务组(IBSS)的覆盖区中的多个电台之间的发射功率电平或传输数据速率。接收台从输入信号中提取传输数据速率,确定输入信号的信噪比(SNR),然后再根据输入信号的SNR和对于所提取的数据速率的最小SNRMIN之差来计算噪声容限信息。然后,噪声容限再回送给原发射台,并且利用该噪声容限信息,可相应地调整这个电台的发射功率电平和/或传输速率。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及通信***。更具体地说,本发明涉及一种***和方法,用于向IEEE 802.11无线局域网(WLAN)中的无线发射台提供有关无线接收台的接收机性能的信息。
背景技术
一般来说,有两种无线局域网(WLAN)的变体:基于基础设施的和专门类型。在前一种网络中,通信通常仅在称作站(STAi)的无线节点和接入点(AP)之间发生,而在后一种网络中,通信在无线节点之间发生。位于相同无线电覆盖范围内的站和AP称作基本业务组(BSS)。
IEEE 802.11标准规定了无线局域网(WLAN)的媒体接入控制(MAC)和物理层(PHY)特性。IEEE 802.11标准在国际标准ISO/IEC8802-11“信息技术-电信和信息交换区域网”(1999版本)中定义,通过引用将其完整结合于本文中。
目前,IEEE 802.11不提供实现BSS内无线台之间动态发射功率控制的机制。各802.11STA通常在其使用期限内为所有帧传输采用固定的发射功率电平。因此,需要一种发射功率电平与传输速率调整机制,它能够在所建议的802.11a PHY/802.11h MAC实现中实现,而没有太多复杂性。
发明内容
本发明针对一种通过接收台估算接收机性能信息以及将该信息回送给发射台的***和方法。因此,发射台能够准确地确定发射功率电平或者调整无线局域网(WLAN)中用于将来到接收台的数据传输的传输速率。以下称作“噪声容限”的接收机性能信息是无线接收台的接收机性能,其中包括本地噪声/干扰电平、信道路径损耗以及信道条件。一般来说,噪声容限是接收信号功率与有效通信所需功率的比率。
根据本发明的一个说明性实施例,提供一种方法,用于确定位于无线局域网(WLAN)中的基本业务组(BSS)的覆盖区内的多个电台之间的发射功率电平和/或传输速率。这种方法包括以下步骤:由接收台从自发射台接收的输入帧中提取传输数据速率;采用所述输入帧的功率电平与所述提取数据速率的可靠通信所需的功率电平之比来计算噪声容限;将噪声容限信息传送给发射台;根据所接收的噪声容限来调整来自所述发射台或其它台的输出帧的发射功率电平和/或传输速率。
本发明还提供一种设备,用于确定位于无线局域网(WLAN)中的基本业务组(BSS)的覆盖区内的多个电台之间的接收功率电平和/或发射速率。该设备包括:用于接收来自发射台的输入信号的装置;用于对所述输入信号进行解调的装置;用于确定输入信号的功率电平的装置;用于从所述输入信号中提取传输数据速率以及用于采用所述输入信号功率电平与所述提取的数据速率的通信的预定阈值所需的功率电平之比来计算噪声容限的的装置;和用于向所述发射台发送所述噪声容限,由此使得所述发射台调整未来输出帧的发射功率电平和/或传输速率的装置。
通过以下结合附图对最佳实施例的更具体说明,本发明的上述及其它特征和优点会显而易见,图中参考标号表示各图中的相同部件。
附图说明
图1是简化框图,说明应用本发明的实施例的无线通信***的体系结构;
图2说明根据本发明的实施例的特定基本业务组(BSS)中的接入点和各个电台的简化框图;
图3说明802.11帧的格式,其中包括“业务”字段的修改,它可用于根据本发明的实施例在各电台之间发送信息;以及
图4是流程图,说明根据本发明的一个实施例、有选择地调整功率电平的操作步骤。
具体实施方式
在以下说明中,为了说明而不是限定,陈述了诸如特定体系结构、接口、技术之类的具体细节,以便透彻地理解本发明。然而,本领域的技术人员应当清楚,在没有这些具体细节的其它实施例中也可以实现本发明。
图1说明应用本发明的实施例的一种典型网络。如图1所示,接入点(AP)2连接多个移动台(STAi),这些移动台通过无线链路、经由多个无线信道彼此通信以及与该AP通信。本发明的基本原理是提供一种机制,使发射台能够获得与接收台的本地噪声/干扰、信道路径损耗及其性能有关的信息。例如,这通过接收台在接收帧时对其速率的噪声容限进行估算、并将这个信息回送给发射台来实现。如上所述,噪声容限是接收信号功率与通信的特定等级或阈值(以下称作各台之间的有效或可靠通信)所需的功率的比率,这个等级是基于影响通信的多个因素,例如误码率、SNR以及任何其它传统的传输性能量度。噪声容限可用于但不限于:通过以正确的功率电平和正确的传输速率传送帧,使发射功率减至最小或诸如节省电池功率之类的其它类型功率控制,避免对其它***的干扰,调整无线电覆盖范围以及调整传输速率。IEEE 802.11物理层(PHY)根据不同调制和信道编码方案定义多个传输速率,使某个帧的发射机能够根据特定时间接收机和它本身之间的无线信道条件来选择多个速率之一。通常,传输速率越低,则传输越可靠。应当指出,为便于说明,图1所示的网络是小型的。实际上,大多数网络会包括更多的移动台。
图1所示的WLAN中的AP和各STA可包括具有图2的框图所示的体系结构的***。参照图2,AP和STA都可包括接收机12、解调器14、SNR测量电路16、存储器18、控制处理器20、定时器22、调制器24以及发射机26。图2的示范***10仅用于说明。虽然本说明可能涉及到常用于描述特定移动台的术语,但本说明和概念同样适用于其它处理***,包括具有不同于图2所示体系结构的体系结构的***。
在操作中,接收机12和发射机26连接到天线(未示出),以便分别经由解调器14和调制器24将接收信号以及发射所需数据转换为相应的数字数据。SNR测量电路16在处理器20的控制下工作,以便确定SNR或类似计算来估算接收帧的噪声容限。此后,处理器20根据SNR(单位为dB)和特定数据速率的最小可接受SNR(SNRMIN)之差计算噪声容限。特定数据速率的最小可接受SNR通过多种方法中任一个来确定(例如,可采用误码率阈值或者可通过调制误差估算参数配置接收机)。例如,在符合802.11的STA中对接收的PPDU计算的“噪声容限”可作为此STA可容许而不影响其正确接收的单位为dB的PPDU中的附加噪声/干扰来计算。例如,如果接收机确定接收的PPDU具有30dB的信噪比(SNR)且以24Mbps的速率传送,若接收机能够以24Mbps正确地接收具有24dB的信噪比(SNRMIN)的相同PPDU,则它会报告6dB的噪声容限。噪声容限存储在连接到处理器20的存储器18中,供以后检索。定时器22用于估算存储在存储器18中的过时的噪声容限信息。在本实施例中,当噪声容限可能因无线信道的变化性质以及WLAN STA可能的移动性而改变时,噪声容限被更新。
图3表示用于在各个台之间传递噪声容限信息的PHY协议数据单元(PPDU)帧的格式。如图3的最下部分所示,噪声容限信息(由噪声容限存在和噪声容限表示)在802.11a/h PPDU帧的“业务”字段中传送。802.11a的“业务”字段略经修改而包括一位噪声容限存在字段以及四位噪声容限字段。802.11a的PLCP信头28的原始“业务”字段30格式参见图3的中部。一位噪声容限存在字段32定义为0或1,噪声容限字段34在***中可以是可选的,以及噪声容限信息的存在通过设置“噪声容限存在”位来表明。否则,“噪声容限存在”位设置为零。噪声容限字段34定义为1至16,其中各值的单位为分贝(dB),例如,-6dB至+10dB,该字段值可基于对当前目标STA发送的刚好前一帧的计算。另外,在MAC和PHY之间传递的RXVECTOR和TXVECTOR字段经过修改以添加噪声容限信息。尤其是一个参数“噪声容限”从PPDU中的“业务”字段30中提取或***其中。当前保留位的最高有效位在其余七位中存在有效值时被置“1”。否则,它被重置为“0”值。本领域的技术人员应当理解,噪声容限信息可通过其它方式发送,例如在MAC净荷中以及在信头的其它部分中发送。
在当前PPDU中传送的噪声容限字段34对应于对刚刚从作为当前PPDU的目标STA的STA接收的前一帧进行的噪声容限测量结果。噪声容限信息回送到发射台,现在这个台根据接收机的接收噪声容限来调整发射功率或传输速率。但是应当指出,接收机可传送它可能认为适合的任何噪声容限值,以便向发射机指明其性能、本地干扰的存在与否或者希望进行的功率调整。在通过接收帧获取噪声容限之后,接收STA能够智能地确定PHY速率以及将来向该STA进行传送的发射功率。因此,发射功率电平和速率只根据发射STA的判定来确定。
下面说明根据本发明确定噪声容限以确定发射功率电平/传输速率的操作步骤的原理。
参照图4,本发明的过程包括以下步骤:在步骤100,站STA2接收来自发射台STA1的帧。在步骤110,STA 2从接收帧中提取数据速率。在步骤120,STA 2计算作为接收SNR和SNRMIN之差的噪声容限。在步骤130,噪声容限信息发送给STA1。然后,噪声容限用于确定获取BSS中发射台和接收机内所需的载波噪声比所需的发射功率。在步骤140,STA1根据步骤120中确定的调整等级来调整发射功率电平和/或传输速率。
虽然为便于说明而在图1中给出有限数量的STA,但是应当理解,WLAN可支持更多数量STA之间的通信。因此,图中的STA数量不应当是对本发明的范围的限制。在这种情况下,各STA跟踪BSS中其它STA之间以及STA到AP的噪声容限,各发射台则可在其向另一个STA或向AP发送帧时使用噪声容限来调整发射功率电平。对于非802.11e WLAN,当STA必须向其AP传送帧时,STA只需要跟踪与AP之间的噪声容限。这时,各发射台可能希望跟踪与所选数量的STA之间的噪声容限以降低复杂度。另外,为了防止使用过时失效的噪声容限信息,本发明可采用噪声容限信息使用期限。为此,当STA2通过接收来自STA1的帧来更新与STA1之间的噪声容限时,STA2对各更新的噪声容限信息采用图2的定时器22来设置定时器。因此,STA2在准备传送帧时,将该帧的最近更新时间与当前时间进行比较。
虽然已经说明及描述了本发明的最佳实施例,但本领域的技术人员应当理解,可进行各种变更和修改,并且等效物可代替其中的元件,而没有背离本发明的真实范围。另外,只要不背离中心范围,可进行许多修改以适合特定情况和本发明的论述。因此,本发明并非要限定于作为执行本发明的最佳模式而公开的特定实施例,但是本发明包括落入所附权利要求的范围中的所有实施例。
Claims (16)
1.一种方法,用于确定位于无线局域网(WLAN)中的基本业务组(BSS)的覆盖区内的多个台之间的发射功率电平和/或传输速率,包括以下步骤:
由接收台从自发射台接收的输入帧中提取传输数据速率;
采用所述输入帧的功率电平与所述提取数据速率的可靠通信所需的功率电平之比来计算噪声容限;
将所述噪声容限发送给所述发射台;以及
根据所接收的噪声容限来调整来自所述发射台或其它台的输出帧的发射功率电平和/或传输速率。
2.如权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于计算噪声容限的步骤包括:
确定输入帧的信噪比(SNR);以及
由所述接收台根据所述SNR和最小可接受SNRMIN之差计算对于所提取的数据速率的噪声容限。
3.如权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于还包括将所述噪声容限在存储媒体中存储预定时段的步骤。
4.如权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于所述帧由位于所述基本业务组(BSS)中的接入点(AP)发送。
5.如权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于所述帧由位于所述基本业务组(BSS)或独立基本业务组(IBSS)中的发射台来发送。
6.如权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于所述接收台是位于所述基本业务组(BSS)中的接入点(AP)。
7.如权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于所述接收台是位于所述基本业务组(BSS)或独立基本业务组(IBSS)中的移动装置。
8.如权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于所述接收台或所述发射台是移动装置。
9.一种设备,用于确定位于无线局域网(WLAN)中的基本业务组(BSS)的覆盖区内的多个台之间的发射功率电平和/或发射速率,它包括:
用于接收来自发射台的输入信号的装置(12);
用于对所述输入信号进行解调的装置(14);
用于确定所述输入信号的功率电平的装置(16);
用于从所述输入信号中提取传输数据速率以及用于采用所述输入信号功率电平与所述提取的数据速率的通信的预定阈值所需的功率电平之比来计算噪声容限的的装置(20);和
用于向所述发射台发送所述噪声容限,由此使得所述发射台调整未来输出帧的发射功率电平和/或传输速率的装置(26)。
10.如权利要求9所述的设备,其特征在于还包括用于存储所述噪声容限信息供以后检索的装置(18)。
11.如权利要求9所述的设备,其特征在于用于计算噪声容限的装置(20)配置成计算所述输入信号的信噪比(SNR),所述噪声容限基于所述输入信号的所述SNR和对于所提取的数据速率的最小SNRMIN之间的差值。
12.如权利要求9所述的设备,其特征在于还包括一装置,其响应接收所述噪声容限而对发射的未来数据的发射功率电平和/或传输速率进行调整。
13.如权利要求10所述的设备,其特征在于还包括用于对表示所述存储的噪声容限信息的信号进行调制的装置。
14.如权利要求10所述的设备,其特征在于所述计算的噪声容限信息在所述存储装置中存储预定的时段。
15.如权利要求9所述的设备,其特征在于所述输入信号由位于所述基本业务组(BSS)中的接入点(AP)来发送。
16.如权利要求9所述的设备,其特征在于所述输入信号由位于所述基本业务组(BSS)或独立基本业务组(IBSS)中的发射台来发送。
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US60/302,128 | 2001-06-29 | ||
US10/167,178 US7801544B2 (en) | 2001-06-29 | 2002-06-11 | Noise margin information for power control and link adaptation in IEEE 802.11h WLAN |
US10/167,178 | 2002-06-11 |
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CN1522519A CN1522519A (zh) | 2004-08-18 |
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CN1522519A (zh) | 2004-08-18 |
KR20040014954A (ko) | 2004-02-18 |
US20030022686A1 (en) | 2003-01-30 |
US7801544B2 (en) | 2010-09-21 |
KR100890913B1 (ko) | 2009-04-03 |
ES2399841T3 (es) | 2013-04-03 |
EP1405461B1 (en) | 2012-12-05 |
WO2003003657A1 (en) | 2003-01-09 |
JP2004533791A (ja) | 2004-11-04 |
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USRE45019E1 (en) | 2014-07-15 |
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