CN100420648C - Formula for producing color tile from casting waste sand and its producing method - Google Patents
Formula for producing color tile from casting waste sand and its producing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN100420648C CN100420648C CNB2006100221391A CN200610022139A CN100420648C CN 100420648 C CN100420648 C CN 100420648C CN B2006100221391 A CNB2006100221391 A CN B2006100221391A CN 200610022139 A CN200610022139 A CN 200610022139A CN 100420648 C CN100420648 C CN 100420648C
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- encaustic tile
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
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Abstract
The formula for producing wet color tile adobe with waste cast sand consists of waste cast sand 10-63 wt%, fly ash 6-23 wt%, water repellent 0-0.5 wt%, cement 14-25 wt%, water glass 0-2 wt%, water 6.2-11 wt%, pigment 0-18 wt%, and river sand 0-36 wt%. The production process of color tile includes the steps of preparing the materials in the size below 8 mm, mixing, molding, pressing, demolding and drying.
Description
One, technical field:
The present invention relates to a kind of composition of raw materials and production method thereof that is mainly used in roof, production house encaustic tile (abbreviation encaustic tile).
Two, background technology:
The cast waste sand quantity discharged in China every year is all more than ten million ton.Because treatment technology is not proper, contaminate environment not only, but also caused a large amount of wastings of resources.With Beijing is example, 1,156 ten thousand tons of the annual industrial solid castoffs that produces, and volume of comprehensive utilization is 9,490,000 tons, there are 550,000 tons and dealt carefully with (treatment technology is not high), 1,520,000 tons are deposited in the environment, add up volume of cargo in storage over the years and have reached 11,475 ten thousand tons, take up an area of 3,750,000 square metres.Nineteen ninety-five, country has put into effect People's Republic of China's prevention and control of environmental pollution by solid wastes method (revise in December, 2004 for the first time), encourages, supports scientific research, the technological development of prevention and control of environmental pollution by solid wastes.Requirement takes anti-flying, Anti-lost, antiseep or other to prevent the measure of contaminate environment to various refuses; Must not topple over, stack, abandon, drop solid waste without authorization.Wherein, the processing of cast waste sand has become instant vital task, and each big colleges and universities, scientific research institutions, enterprise are all at the treatment technology of seeking cast waste sand, but DeGrain.
Domestic processing to cast waste sand mainly is that disposal by land and sea disposal are arranged, and disposal by land mainly adopts the method for storing up.Bury method, sea disposal mainly is Ocean dumping.These treatment processs not only pollute the environment, land occupation, but also cause a large amount of wastings of resources.Thus:
(1) encaustic tile that occurs for the developing direction of complying with roof, house " flat-changed-into-sloping ", with raw materials such as cement, sand, chemical assistant process mould polymerization once shaped, because of surface smoothness is good, lovely luster, durable in use and widespread use abroad is then at the early-stage in China;
(2) being the domestic environment-friendly encaustic tile of representative with Jintang encaustic tile etc., is to utilize raw materials such as cement, sand, chemical assistant, adopts corresponding pigments to produce, encaustic tile bearing capacity 1800N, and water-intake rate is less than 10%;
(3) employing cement, flyash such as Inst. of Building Material Science, liaoning Prov., increase calcium slag, admixture and a small amount of sand and make concrete encaustic tile as raw material, when flyash and other industrial residue total amount account for 30% when above, every index of encaustic tile all can reach JC746～1999 (concrete tile) standard premium grads index request.Utilize flyash etc. to be the raw material production encaustic tile, bearing capacity reaches 4512N, and water-intake rate is 4.8%;
(4) Central China University of Science and Technology with the cast waste sand put aside as useless as the non-burning brick main raw material of preparation.This technology cardinal principle is to utilize active silica and active calcium oxide hydration reaction, forms hydrated calcium silicate, thereby produces bigger physical strength; Normal pressure or autoclave curing can be quickened the generation of hydration reaction, accelerate the speed that intensity forms.That prepares by this method is non-burning brick, intensity, anti-freezing property, carbonization coefficient, drying shrinkage value etc. are all up to standard, radioelement is limited the quantity of, heavy metal content also meets related standards, can directly be used as novel wall material, thereby solve the difficult problem of cast waste sand land occupation, contaminate environment for DongFeng Automobile Co., Ltd; In addition, Mr. Liang Qinghua has also applied for the patent (patent No. 991201809) of " concrete brick that utilizes cast waste sand to produce ".Yet, the research of present domestic encaustic tile, production, utilize sand, cement and other additive that have are main raw material, utilize flyash or other slag that have are main raw material, also do not utilize the relevant report of cast waste sand for main raw material development encaustic tile.
Three, summary of the invention:
The objective of the invention is, develop a kind of encaustic tile that can make full use of cast waste sand, develop the method for utilizing producing color tile from casting waste sand simultaneously.
1, utilize cast waste sand to make the technical barrier of the required solution of encaustic tile
(1) composition of cast waste sand reaches the encaustic tile Effect on Performance: cast waste sand mainly contains quartz sand, water glass, wherein quartz sand in encaustic tile as aggregate, water glass has certain effect for improving the encaustic tile physical strength, but because of the reaction of itself and water causes running off, influence the weather resistance of encaustic tile, in the research of this project, need under the prerequisite that allows water glass to exist, solve endurance issues.
(2) improve the encaustic tile problems of mechanical strength: utilize manufacturing encaustic tiles such as flyash, slag different with tradition, flyash, slag have surfactivity, can carry out aquation and improve product strength, and cast waste sand continuation hydratability itself is not strong, it is little that intensity is improved degree, therefore need to add corresponding gelling material, make encaustic tile intensity satisfy the requirement of JC746～1999 standards.
(3) encaustic tile surface quality, density problem: no matter still make encaustic tile traditionally with flyash with river sand, help improving product surface quality because of itself being the fine particle shape, and cast waste sand is block, and because of the needs of casting technique have bigger intensity, these antiquated sands are processed into powder with certain particle composition, thereby improving the surface quality and the density of encaustic tile, is the problem that needs solution.
(4) encaustic tile quality homogeneity question: mainly comprise distributed components in the encaustic tile, density is evenly distributed, and color and luster is even.
(5) others problem: mainly contain material workability problem, encaustic tile decolouring problem, amount of water problem, shaping and demoulding problem, forming pressure size and press time etc.
2, the scheme of a technical solution difficult problem
(1) adopt inorganic coagulation material to improve the encaustic tile physical strength: the present invention adopts three kinds of components to provide encaustic tile the required physical strength that possesses: water glass, flyash, cement.Water glass is mainly derived from cast waste sand, can add on a small quantity, and in air, following chemical reaction takes place water glass:
Na
2O·nSiO
2+2nH
2O+CO
2→Na
2CO
3+nSi(OH)
4
Reaction result produces silica gel, and silica gel is wrapped in around the fine powder aggregate, filler particles gap and attached to particle surface, and silica gel concentrates then, and is closely glued at particle surface and make each particle be coupled to an integral body.
But, the simple water glass that relies on is not enough to produce needed intensity, because the water glass with hydratability that contains in the cast waste sand is few, simultaneously in use water glass is dissolved in water gradually and causes water glass to run off, and the globality of encaustic tile is destroyed, therefore, need to add cement to keep the sufficient intensity of encaustic tile in life-time service, in order to reduce cost, improve workability, also replace cement with part flyash.
Contain C in the cement
3S, C
2S, C
3A, C
4Multi mineral such as AF, they contact the back hydration reaction take place with water, and the aquation of generation mineral-filled sand grains space also is coupled to integral body with bulk materials such as sand grains, produce very big physical strength, and water resistance is good.The adding of flyash can improve the workability of compound, reduces the drying shrinkage of encaustic tile, and wherein active SiO
2, Al
2O
3Deng existence enable aquation, help to improve encaustic tile intensity.
(2) adopt appropriate granulometric composition, improve encaustic tile surface quality and density: compound produces relatively sliding under pressure until tight contact between the particle, the contact tightness degree both be stressed the size influence, also relevant with granulometric composition, the present invention adopts large, medium and small three kinds of variable grains, mix by a certain percentage, help improving density, on this basis, by limiting big or middle particulate granularity, and use a certain amount of brightening agent or contain the paint of brightening agent, to improve the surface smoothness of encaustic tile.
(3) solve the encaustic tile endurance issues: encaustic tile in use, vapor in the atmosphere, rainwater etc. enter encaustic tile along the intergranular space, and carry out chemical reaction with water glass wherein, cause the wherein loss of water glass, destroy the one-piece construction of encaustic tile.Therefore, the present invention mainly adopts following method to solve the encaustic tile endurance issues: improve material density, reduce moisture and enter " passage " that runs off with water glass; Add hydrophober, intercept moisture and water glass, prevent that contact from chemical reaction taking place.
3, technical solution theory problem foundation
(1) water glass chance water can dissolve gradually, then at CO
2Or the Na that adds
2SiF
6Down all right aquation of effect and glued sand grains make material have certain intensity after the sclerosis; Add water glass and help improving the processability of encaustic tile;
(2) have cement, the flyash of the hydraulicity, in water, water in airization, condense, harden, the bonding unclassified stores improves the strength of materials, has favorable durability;
(3) according to " tightly packed principle ", raw meal particle size because of the space filling extent is big, helps the raising of density on non-homogeneous situation, therefore controls granule materials granularity, fineness ratio, various granule materials content, can make density reach optimum value;
(4) moisture corrodes encaustic tile from the surface, inwardly carries out along the intergranular space, and the loss of corrosion products then flows to the surface internally along the space, and the encaustic tile density is high more, corrodes difficult more carrying out; If will isolate between the component that easily is etched in moisture and the encaustic tile, then corrode and have no way of carrying out;
(5) hard, brittle material during cast waste sand belongs to, the pressure effect of adopting jaw crusher or other disintegrating apparatus with its coarse crushing after, be subjected to the impact grinding of hammer mill again, after the screening, the particle that can obtain multiple granularity is used for batching, helps improving encaustic tile density and surface smoothness;
(6) cement, flyash belong to hydraulic cementing materials, under the effect of the moisture of atmosphere, rainwater etc., can harden and produce necessary mechanical strength, even components such as the water glass in the encaustic tile suffer erosion and run off, aggregate still is subjected to the bonding of cement, pulverized burned coal ash hydration product and has enough big physical strength;
(7) encaustic tile is subjected to multiple protective, higher-density, and surface lacquer adds hydrophober in the compound, make encaustic tile be difficult to be subjected to moisture and corrode, and the use of hydraulic cementing materials in addition makes encaustic tile have weather resistance.
Concrete technical solution of the present invention is:
A kind of prescription of producing color tile from casting waste sand is characterized in that in the wet base in this encaustic tile that the raw material of % is formed by weight and is: cast waste sand 10-63, flyash 6-23, hydrophober 0-0.5, cement 14-25, water glass 0-2, water 6.2-11, pigment 0-18, river sand 0-36.
In the present invention, described cast waste sand can be 70 sand or yellow ground.
In the present invention, described hydrophober can be general common hydrophober.
A kind of method of producing encaustic tile by above-mentioned prescription is characterized in that its technical process is successively:
A, preparing material: prepare cast waste sand, flyash, river sand that competent particle diameter is no more than 8mm, and prepare competent hydrophober, cement, water glass, water, pigment;
B, press cast waste sand 10-63, flyash 6-23, hydrophober 0-0.5, cement 14-25, water glass 0-2, water 6.2-11, pigment 0-18 constitutes compound after the ratio (weight %) of river sand 0-36 takes by weighing raw material and mixing and stirring;
C, compound is packed into formerly in the model of preparing;
D, compound is shaped the compound in model pressurization with pressing machine;
E, the compound after will being shaped take out from model and are the wet base of encaustic tile;
Be the encaustic tile finished product after F, will the encaustic tile wet base drying.
In the present invention, described cast waste sand, flyash, river sand can be processed into large, medium and small three kinds of particle diameters, wherein the particle diameter of big size particles is more than the 3mm and is no more than 8mm, the particle diameter of middle size particles is more than 20 orders and is no more than 3mm, the particle grain size of small particle size is below 20 orders, and the ratio that contains cast waste sand, flyash, the river sand of large, medium and small three kinds of particle diameters in the compound can all be joined by 1: 1.5: 2.5 and got.And the particle diameter of big size particles is preferably 3-5mm.Certainly, described large, medium and small three kinds of particle diameters also can be other spans, as long as maximum particle diameter does not surpass 8mm (preferably being no more than 5mm).
In the present invention, best iron content metallic substance not in the described cast waste sand.Promptly after the cast waste sand raw material is carried out break process, preferably select irony material (mainly being ferric oxide) by magnetic separator.
In the present invention, owing to reasons such as equipment, the part that may take out from the model undesirable shape of base that wets then can be returned the substandard products of undesirable shape in the compound and handle again.
In the present invention, described drying comprises natural air drying and oven dry (as drying with steam etc.).
In the present invention, described mixing stirring can be after earlier the solid matter in the above-mentioned raw materials being mixed, to add liquid substance again in whipping process.Certainly, also can will stir again after whole mixing of materials.Stirring can be repeatedly to stir, and its objective is to make the full and uniform distribution of material.
In the present invention, pigment can be the colored material of construction pigment of using always.When not adding pigment, can also spray the paint that a pigmented layer painted or contained brightening agent at the encaustic tile finished surface.The adding of paint and brightening agent can make product specious bright and clean, has also increased the anti-carbonization ability of product.
The present invention has finally guaranteed formed product performance and mechanical property by determining control of process parameters in rational prescription and the technological process, has solved technical difficult point.Mainly contain three characteristics:
(1) the antiquated sand usage quantity is big: the antiquated sand consumption can reach 63% in the wet base that present technique is produced;
(2) allow to keep residual water glass in the cast waste sand, utilize its bonding capacity to improve product strength, improve the water tolerance of product by raising density and methods such as adding hydrophober;
(3), improve the density and the surface smoothness of product by the granularity and the forming pressure of control compound.
In a word, the encaustic tile density height, specious, the long service life that adopt the present invention to make, and the solid useless and waste water generation of nothing industry in the production process can reach and surpass the requirement of JC746-1999 standard fully.
Four, embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment the present invention is described further.
Representative formula embodiment of the present invention and corresponding encaustic tile performance are as shown in the table.
Sample prescription in the table is the formulation content of wet base.Its average poach weight loss (%) is 0.21.The mensuration of average poach weight loss is that three finished product encaustic tiles were boiled two hours in 100 ℃ of boiling water, measures weight loss, calculating mean value, and its result is equivalent to be subjected under the normal temperature state weight loss of water erosion about 1 year, in order to the water tolerance of expression encaustic tile.
The typical production technological process of encaustic tile of the present invention is:
A, preparing material: prepare cast waste sand (7 0 sand), flyash, river sand that competent particle diameter is no more than 8mm, and prepare an amount of hydrophober, cement, water glass, water, pigment.Wherein, the bigger waste residue piece of cast waste sand (7 0 sand) is carried out Hubei Province formula fragmentation, carry out hammer crushing again,, increase surface-area, improve the strength of materials (through the easy compacting of fragmentation, unit weight increases 25%-60%) and visual appearance to reduce particle size.Magnetic separation (its objective is by magnetic, select ferric oxide contained in the cast waste sand), and the high temperature of available intermediate frequency furnace with the iron oxide reduction Cheng Tie that magneticly elects, can increase certain economic benefits on the one hand, have prevented the generation of secondary refuse again.By screening the required particle diameter of cast waste sand is separated again.
B, press cast waste sand 10-63, flyash 6-23, hydrophober 0-0.5, cement 14-25, water glass 0-2, water 6.2-11, pigment 0-18 constitutes compound after the ratio (weight %) of river sand 0-36 takes by weighing raw material and mixing and stirring.Described cast waste sand, flyash, river sand can be processed into large, medium and small three kinds of particle diameters, wherein the particle diameter of big size particles is more than the 3mm and is no more than 8mm (preferably being no more than 5mm), the particle diameter of middle size particles is more than 20 orders and is no more than 3mm, the particle grain size of small particle size is below 20 orders, and the ratio that contains cast waste sand, flyash, the river sand of large, medium and small three kinds of particle diameters in the compound was all joined by 1: 1.5: 2.5 and got.It can be after earlier the solid matter in the above-mentioned raw materials being mixed, to add liquid substance again in whipping process that described mixing is stirred.Certainly, also can will stir again after whole mixing of materials.Stirring can be repeatedly to stir, and its objective is to make the full and uniform distribution of material.
C, compound is packed into formerly in the model of preparing.
D, compound is shaped the compound in model pressurization with pressing machine.
E, the compound after will being shaped take out from model and are the wet base of encaustic tile.Owing to reasons such as equipment, the part that may take out from the model undesirable shape of base that wets then can be returned the substandard products of undesirable shape in the compound and handle again.
Be the encaustic tile finished product after F, will the encaustic tile wet base drying.
Described drying comprises natural air drying and oven dry (as drying with steam etc.).When not adding pigment, can also spray the paint that the anti-flaming antifreeze pigmented layer of one deck painted or contained brightening agent at the encaustic tile finished surface.The adding of paint and brightening agent can also make product specious bright and clean, increases the anti-carbonization ability of product.
Add mode if mix material by control, the operating pressure of pressing machine is 67.19kg/cm when the rotating speed of stirrer (once stirring is 16 rev/mins, and the rotating speed of secondary stirring is 5 rev/mins), hybrid mode (do mix, wet mixing) and compression moulding
2(available Hzm4.5 type encaustic tile production line is comprising 120 tons pressing machinees, stirrer) and the uniform distribution of material in mould, the press time is 5 to 7.5 seconds/etc., can make product have preferably formability and higher density and surface smoothness are arranged.Pigment color and luster is on demand joined and is got.
Cast waste sand in the foregoing description all refers to 70 sand.With identical with the technical process of 70 sand, the performance of its finished product encaustic tile is also approaching with the performance with the finished product encaustic tile of 70 sand with the technical process of yellow ground.
Claims (9)
1. encaustic tile of producing with cast waste sand is characterized in that in the wet base in this encaustic tile that the raw material of % is formed by weight and is: cast waste sand 10-63, flyash 6-23, hydrophober 0-0.5, cement 14-25, water glass 0-2, water 6.2-11, pigment 0-18, river sand 0-36.
2. the encaustic tile of producing with cast waste sand according to claim 1 is characterized in that described cast waste sand is 70 sand or yellow ground.
3. the production method of an encaustic tile as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that its technical process is successively:
A, preparing material: preparing competent particle diameter is following cast waste sand, flyash, river sand of 8mm, and prepares competent hydrophober, cement, water glass, water, pigment;
B, press cast waste sand 10-63, flyash 6-23, hydrophober 0-0.5, cement 14-25, water glass 0-2, water 6.2-11, pigment 0-18 constitutes compound after the weight % of river sand 0-36 takes by weighing raw material and mixing and stirring;
C, compound is packed into formerly in the model of preparing;
D, compound is shaped the compound in model pressurization with pressing machine;
E, the compound after will being shaped take out from model and are the wet base of encaustic tile;
Be the encaustic tile finished product after F, will the encaustic tile wet base drying.
4. the production method of encaustic tile according to claim 3, it is characterized in that described cast waste sand, flyash, river sand are processed into large, medium and small three kinds of particle diameters, wherein the particle diameter of big size particles is more than the 3mm and is no more than 8mm, the particle diameter of middle size particles is more than 20 orders and is no more than 3mm, the particle grain size of small particle size is below 20 orders, and the ratio that contains cast waste sand, flyash, the river sand of large, medium and small three kinds of particle diameters in the compound was all joined by 1: 1.5: 2.5 and got.
5. according to the production method of claim 3 or 4 described encaustic tiles, it is characterized in that in the described cast waste sand not iron content metallic substance.
6. the production method of encaustic tile according to claim 3, the substandard products that it is characterized in that the undesirable shape of part of taking out from model return in the compound to be handled again.
7. the production method of encaustic tile according to claim 3 is characterized in that described drying comprises natural air drying and oven dry.
8. the production method of encaustic tile according to claim 3 is characterized in that it is after earlier the solid matter in the above-mentioned raw materials being mixed, to add liquid substance again in whipping process that described mixing is stirred.
9. the production method of encaustic tile according to claim 3 is characterized in that: also be coated with one deck paint at the encaustic tile finished surface.
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|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2006100221391A CN100420648C (en) | 2006-10-27 | 2006-10-27 | Formula for producing color tile from casting waste sand and its producing method |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2006100221391A CN100420648C (en) | 2006-10-27 | 2006-10-27 | Formula for producing color tile from casting waste sand and its producing method |
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| CN1944317A CN1944317A (en) | 2007-04-11 |
| CN100420648C true CN100420648C (en) | 2008-09-24 |
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Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| RU2555962C1 (en) * | 2014-06-18 | 2015-07-10 | Юлия Алексеевна Щепочкина | Raw material mixture for manufacturing facing tiles |
| CN106760231A (en) * | 2016-11-30 | 2017-05-31 | 成都嘉新特种精密铸造有限公司 | A kind of cast waste sand recycling encaustic tile method |
| CN106587890A (en) * | 2016-11-30 | 2017-04-26 | 成都嘉新特种精密铸造有限公司 | Waste foundry sand reutilizing method |
| CN109721325A (en) * | 2018-11-02 | 2019-05-07 | 莒州集团有限公司 | Utilize the Antique Imitation Tiles and preparation method thereof of cast waste sand manufacture |
| CN111592253A (en) * | 2020-05-19 | 2020-08-28 | 建华建材（莱阳）有限公司 | Mineral admixture and application thereof |
| CN113292282B (en) * | 2021-05-22 | 2022-06-10 | 杭州富阳捷鑫彩钢有限公司 | Method for manufacturing color sand tiles by recycling casting waste sand |
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| CN1268610A (en) * | 1999-03-24 | 2000-10-04 | 淄博市周村区王村万泉轻质板厂 | Light partition board made of flyash and its production method |
| CN1298845A (en) * | 2000-11-16 | 2001-06-13 | 辽宁省建筑材料科学研究所 | Formula and technology for producing colour concrete tiles with powdered coal ash and other waste industrial dregs |
| RU2214981C2 (en) * | 2001-12-06 | 2003-10-27 | Лукьянец Борис Николаевич | Method for preparing mixture for building article and mixture for their making |
| KR20050024754A (en) * | 2003-09-01 | 2005-03-11 | 이희경 | Method of solidifying sea clay and soft ground with waste plaster and cement |
| CN1792978A (en) * | 2005-12-08 | 2006-06-28 | 贵州省公路工程总公司 | Machine-made sand self-compacting concrete |
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Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1268610A (en) * | 1999-03-24 | 2000-10-04 | 淄博市周村区王村万泉轻质板厂 | Light partition board made of flyash and its production method |
| CN1298845A (en) * | 2000-11-16 | 2001-06-13 | 辽宁省建筑材料科学研究所 | Formula and technology for producing colour concrete tiles with powdered coal ash and other waste industrial dregs |
| RU2214981C2 (en) * | 2001-12-06 | 2003-10-27 | Лукьянец Борис Николаевич | Method for preparing mixture for building article and mixture for their making |
| KR20050024754A (en) * | 2003-09-01 | 2005-03-11 | 이희경 | Method of solidifying sea clay and soft ground with waste plaster and cement |
| CN1792978A (en) * | 2005-12-08 | 2006-06-28 | 贵州省公路工程总公司 | Machine-made sand self-compacting concrete |
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| CN1944317A (en) | 2007-04-11 |
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