CN100420271C - Device for eliminating flicker noise between frames in image sequence - Google Patents
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a device for eliminating interframe flicker noise in image sequence, which comprises a photosensitive device, an image saving unit, a storage unit and an image extracting unit, wherein the image saving unit is used for writing frames of input or output image sequence output by the photosensitive device or an interframe noise suppression unit into the storage unit in real time. The storage unit is used for saving at least N-1 frames. When the photosensitive device outputs the (i)th frame, the image extracting unit is used for extracting the N-1 frames from the storage unit before the (i)th frame is output and outputting the N-1 frames to the interframe noise suppression unit, and the (i-N + 1)th frame is deleted. The interframe noise suppression unit is used for judging whether the pixels of the (i)th frame of the input image sequence belongs to the background or a moving object one by one according to the extracted N-1 frames. Multi-frame superposition and averaging are carried out to the pixels of the background, the pixels of the moving object are unchanged, and then, the processed (i)th frame is output. The device can be used for raising the signal-to-noise ratio of each frame and filtering interframe flicker noise of the image sequence.
Description
Technical field
The invention provides a kind of device that can reduce flicker noise between frames in image sequence, in particular for the device of filtering multiple image sequence flicker noise between frames.
Background technology
All can there be noise in any sensitization electronic device.Imageing sensor is when taking the multiframe sequence image, because the influence of random noise, sequence image is when playing continuously, and picture has been full of serious flicker noise, has greatly influenced the quality of video sequence.
At present to being left intact that picture noise has, what have only does noise suppressed on the spatial domain (promptly only utilizing the relation between image slices vegetarian refreshments adjacent on the space to handle) in same frame, noise on the spatial domain shows as, and taking an image that comes facing to uniform object but has the inhomogeneous pixel of similar pit to exist.To Noise Suppression on the spatial domain, can adopt methods such as mean filter, medium filtering.In addition, processing for picture noise also comprises the image overlay averaging, this technology is used for obtaining the single-frame images of high s/n ratio more, mostly be same static scene shoot multi-frame images is superposeed then, the single-frame images that obtains behind the superposed average has very high " signal to noise ratio ", but this method is not suitable for sequence image to be handled, and especially has the processing of the sequence image that moves between image.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention provides a kind of device for eliminating flicker noise between frames in image sequence.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the invention provides a kind of device for eliminating flicker noise between frames in image sequence, comprise that sensor devices, noise between frames suppress the unit, image is preserved unit, image extraction unit and memory cell, wherein:
Described sensor devices is used for photographic images, and the image sequence of taking is outputed to noise between frames inhibition unit;
Described image is preserved the unit and is used for described sensor devices or noise between frames are suppressed the input image sequence of unit output or the real-time write storage unit of frame of output image sequence;
Described memory cell is used to preserve picture frame, and its capacity is wanted to preserve the N-1 two field picture at least, the frame number that N adopts when being the superposed average processing;
Described image extraction unit is used for when photo-sensitive cell is exported the i two field picture, from memory cell, extract i-1 frame, i-2 frame ... the i-N+1 two field picture, output to described noise between frames and suppress the unit, and the i-N+1 two field picture is deleted from memory cell;
Described noise between frames suppresses the unit and is used for when receiving the i two field picture of sensor devices output, i-1 frame, i-2 frame according to image extraction unit output ... i-N+1 two field picture, pointwise judges that each pixel of i two field picture belongs to background and still belongs to moving target, the pixel that belongs to background is carried out the multiframe superposed average, the pixel that belongs to moving target is remained unchanged, export the i two field picture after this processing then.
Further, said apparatus also can have following characteristics: described image is preserved the unit after receiving the picture frame of input, earlier it is compressed, and then writes described memory cell; Described image extraction unit decompresses to it earlier when extracting a certain frame, outputs to described noise between frames again and suppresses the unit.
Further, said apparatus also can have following characteristics: what described image was preserved the unit employing is JPEG compressed format or ADPCM compressed format.
Further, said apparatus also can have following characteristics: described image extraction unit is extracted i-1 frame, i-2 frame ... during the i-N+1 frame, once only extract the parts of images of these frame same positions, output to described noise between frames after the decompression and suppress the unit, extract so one by one, decompress and output to described noise between frames up to all images and suppress the unit these frames.
Further, said apparatus also can have following characteristics: described noise between frames suppresses the unit and further comprises:
Pixel is subelement relatively, be used for each pixel with input image sequence i frame, with the i-1 frame, the i-2 frame that extract ... the corresponding pixel points of i-N+1 frame relatively, judge whether it belongs to background, if judge that this pixel of i frame belongs to background, then notes this frame during with certain frame corresponding pixel points comparison;
The superposed average subelement, this pixel that is used for all frames that input image sequence i frame and pixel comparison subelement are noted carries out superposed average, as this pixel of output image sequence i frame,, then keep this pixel of i frame constant if do not note any frame;
The output subelement is used for after the superposed average subelement is finished the superposed average processing of all pixels the i frame of output image sequence.
Further, said apparatus also can have following characteristics: described noise between frames suppresses the unit and further comprises:
Pixel is subelement relatively, be used for each pixel with input image sequence i frame, successively with the i-1 frame, the i-2 frame that extract ... the corresponding pixel points of i-N+1 frame relatively, judge whether it belongs to background, if judge that this pixel of i frame belongs to background during with certain frame corresponding pixel points comparison, then note this frame, and if judge that this pixel of i frame belongs to moving target, then stops comparison during certain frame comparison;
The superposed average subelement, this pixel that is used for all frames that input image sequence i frame and pixel comparison subelement are noted carries out superposed average, as this pixel of output image sequence i frame,, then keep this pixel of i frame constant if do not note any frame;
The output subelement is used for after the superposed average subelement is finished the superposed average processing of all pixels the i frame of output image sequence.
Further, said apparatus also can have following characteristics: described noise between frames suppresses the unit and also comprises a N value setup unit, is used for this N value being set or being adjusted this N value adaptively in processing procedure by the user.
Further, said apparatus also can have following characteristics: described pixel comparison subelement compares pixel and another two field picture corresponding pixel points of input image sequence i frame, judge when this pixel belongs to background and still belongs to moving target, be on all colours passage, the corresponding pixel points of this two two field picture to be asked poor, if the absolute value of the difference that obtains on all passages is all less than the respective channel preset threshold, judge that then this pixel belongs to background, otherwise judge that this pixel belongs to moving target.
Further, said apparatus also can have following characteristics: when described superposed average subelement carries out superposed average to the corresponding pixel points of multiple image, be that this pixel to multiple image carries out arithmetic average on all colours passage.
Further, said apparatus also can have following characteristics: described noise between frames suppresses the unit for each frame before the image sequence N frame, also be to extract input image sequence before this frame or all frames of output image sequence, pointwise judges that each pixel belongs to background and still belongs to moving target, the pixel that belongs to background is carried out superposed average, the pixel that belongs to moving target remains unchanged, and obtains this frame of output image sequence.
Compared with prior art, the present invention uses the adaptive multiframe superposed average of pointwise technology, the operation that does not superpose and superpose at motor image vegetarian refreshments and still image vegetarian refreshments respectively, avoided motion parts directly stack can have a strong impact on the defective and the deficiency of picture quality.Except improving the signal to noise ratio of each two field picture, the while is the flicker noise between frames of filtering sequence image greatly.Have good exploitativeness and autgmentability.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of embodiment of the invention method.
Fig. 2 is the structure chart of embodiment of the invention device.
Fig. 3 is the structure chart of another embodiment of the present invention device.
Embodiment
The method that the present invention handles the noise on the time-domain is the flicker noise on picture when the adaptive multiframe superposed average of pointwise technology is used for filtering shooting multiframe sequence image.Because human eye can not show a candle to the static part sensitivity to the noise flashes of image motion part, and motion parts directly stack can have a strong impact on picture quality, so we adopt the multiframe stacking method of pointwise Motion Adaptive.Specifically, exist the pixel of motion not superpose, and the stack of static pixel.
To equal at 3 o'clock be example to the frame number of handling with superposed average below, and the inventive method is described, and as shown in Figure 1, this flow process may further comprise the steps:
Judge according to the corresponding pixel points on two two field pictures and to belong to background by pixel still to belong to the method for moving target as follows: on a plurality of Color Channels in color space, carry out two frame corresponding pixel points and ask poor, if image satisfies the threshold value of the absolute value of this difference less than this passage simultaneously on a plurality of Color Channels (RGB or YUV, YIQ etc.), judge that then it belongs to background, otherwise judge that it belongs to moving target.
Whether with the RGB passage is example, promptly judge and satisfy simultaneously between two corresponding pixel points of i frame and j frame with lower inequality:
abs(f
i(x，y)-f
j(x，y))
R＜Thres
R
abs(f
i(x，y)-f
j(x，y))
G＜Thres
G
abs(f
i(x，y)-f
j(x，y))
B＜Thres
B
Wherein, f
i(x, y) and f
j(x y) represents the corresponding pixel points of input image sequence i frame and j frame respectively, Thres
R, Thres
G, Thres
BBe illustrated respectively in preset threshold on R, G, the B passage, the Thres of each passage can be identical, also can be different.If above-mentioned three inequality all satisfy, then this pixel belongs to background, otherwise this pixel belongs to moving target.
Particularly, for each pixel in the i frame of input image sequence, corresponding pixel points with i-1 frame, i-2 two field picture compares one by one, judge whether it belongs to background, if this point all belongs to background during with i-1 frame, the comparison of i-2 frame, then this pixel with this three frame carries out superposed average, as this pixel of output image sequence i frame; If this point belongs to background during with i-1 frame or the comparison of i-2 frame, then this pixel with this two frame carries out superposed average, as this pixel of output image sequence i frame; And if this point does not belong to background when i-1 frame, the comparison of i-2 frame, then direct pixel with the i frame is as this pixel of output image sequence i frame.Superposed average should carry out on all colours passage, and preferable employing arithmetic average also can be used weighted average.
Similarly, (N 〉=2 when adopting N frame superposed average, as be 2～5), each pixel to input image sequence i frame, with the i-1 frame, i-2 frame ... the corresponding pixel points of i-N+1 frame relatively, judge whether it belongs to background, if judge that this pixel of i frame belongs to background during with certain frame corresponding pixel points comparison, then note this frame, this pixel with i frame and all frames of noting carries out superposed average at last, as this pixel of output image sequence i frame, if do not note any frame, then keep this pixel of i frame constant, after handling all pixels, obtain the i frame of input image sequence.
Above-mentioned to Noise Suppression method on the time-domain, adopt software to be easy to realize.But under many circumstances, can not handle image sequence,, need directly image to be handled and directly delivered on the TV to show by the video frequency processing chip of hardware for example in the first-class application of monitoring camera by software.Under these occasions, the said method that need realize with hardware just.
Present embodiment combines image compression technology, and the code stream of N-1 frame image after the compression is stored in the chip, when carrying out operation such as multiframe motion detection at needs, will operate required pictorial data in real time to decode the participation computing from compressed bit stream.As shown in Figure 2, the device for eliminating flicker noise between frames in image sequence of present embodiment comprises that sensor devices, image preservation unit, image extraction unit, memory cell and noise between frames suppress the unit, wherein:
Described sensor devices is used for photographic images, and the image sequence of taking is outputed to image preservation unit and noise between frames inhibition unit.
Described image is preserved the unit and is used for the picture frame of input is compressed, write storage unit then, can adopt JPEG compressed format or ADPCM compressed format, ADPCM compressed format is to separate in mode line by line when decompressing, output to noise between frames afterwards and suppress the unit, noise between frames suppresses the data space that the unit need be provided with and can still less only need (N-1) row image data like this.
Described memory cell is used to preserve the picture frame of compressed format, and its capacity is wanted to preserve the image of N-1 frame compressed format at least, and N is the frame number that superposed average is handled.
Described image extraction unit is used for when photo-sensitive cell is exported the i two field picture, from memory cell, extract i-1 frame, the i-2 frame of compressed format ... the i-N+1 two field picture, output to described noise between frames after the decompression and suppress the unit, then the i-N+1 two field picture is deleted from memory cell.When actual extracting, the all images of these frames once can be proposed, but preferred methods is the parts of images that once only extracts these frame same positions, output to described noise between frames after the decompression and suppress the unit, extract so one by one, decompress and output to described noise between frames up to all images and suppress the unit these frames.This parts of images can be described in the JPEG compression standard a macro block (macroblock) OK, be generally 8 row image datas, noise between frames suppresses the unit that the memory space of preserving 8* (N-1) row view data only need be set is just passable like this.
Described noise between frames suppresses the unit and is used for when receiving the i two field picture of sensor devices output, i-1 frame, i-2 frame according to image extraction unit output ... i-N+1 two field picture, pointwise judges that each pixel of i two field picture belongs to background and still belongs to moving target, the pixel that belongs to background is carried out the multiframe superposed average, the pixel that belongs to moving target is remained unchanged, export the i two field picture after this processing then.Further comprise:
Pixel is subelement relatively, be used for each pixel with input image sequence i frame, with the i-1 frame, the i-2 frame that extract ... the corresponding pixel points of i-N+1 frame relatively, judge whether it belongs to background, if judge that this pixel of i frame belongs to background, then notes this frame during with certain frame corresponding pixel points comparison;
The superposed average subelement, this pixel that is used for all frames that input image sequence i frame and pixel comparison subelement are noted carries out superposed average, as this pixel of output image sequence i frame,, then keep this pixel of i frame constant if do not note any frame;
The output subelement is used for after the superposed average subelement is finished the superposed average processing of all pixels the i frame of output image sequence.
When the N value is variable, can suppress to increase a N value setup unit again in the unit at this noise between frames, be used for this N value being set or adjusting this N value adaptively in processing procedure by the user.
In addition, also having the simplest a kind of method is directly to place the memory of N frame image in hardware chip, and promptly image preservation unit and image extraction unit are not carried out compression and decompression, but this will bring very big influence directly for the cost of chip.
As can be seen, the present invention has adopted the adaptive multiframe superposed average of pointwise technology, according to whether move to determine whether superpose, and can select different frame numbers to carry out superposed average according to actual conditions in deterministic process, promptly the N value is variable in the process that image sequence is handled.Because the present invention has adopted the background pixel superposed average, the principle that the moving target pixel remains unchanged, avoided motion parts directly stack can have a strong impact on the defective and the deficiency of picture quality.Except improving the signal to noise ratio of each two field picture, the while is the flicker noise between frames of filtering sequence image greatly.Have good exploitativeness and autgmentability.
On the basis of the foregoing description, the present invention can also have other conversion.
For example, among another embodiment, when carrying out superposed average, can be limited between the continuous multiframe and carry out.When promptly adopting the stack of N frame, it is each pixel with input image sequence i frame, successively with the i-1 frame, the i-2 frame, ... the corresponding pixel points of i-N+1 frame is relatively, if judge that this pixel of i frame belongs to background during with certain frame corresponding pixel points comparison, then note this frame, if judge that this pixel of i frame belongs to moving target during with certain frame comparison, then stop comparison, this pixel with i frame and all frames of noting carries out superposed average then, this pixel as output image sequence i frame, if do not note any frame, then keep this pixel of i frame constant; After handling all pixels, obtain the i frame of output image sequence.From the angle of device, relatively subelement is slightly different for the pixel of noise between frames inhibition unit, and the function of other two subelements is the same.
For the situation of 3 frames, to each pixel of i frame, earlier and the comparison of the corresponding pixel points of i-1 frame, judge whether this point belongs to background, if do not belong to, with this pixel of i frame corresponding pixel points as output image sequence i frame; If belong to, again with the corresponding pixel points of i-2 two field picture relatively, judge whether this point belongs to background, if belong to, this pixel of this 3 two field picture is carried out superposed average, as this pixel of output image sequence i frame; Otherwise only this pixel with i frame and i-1 two field picture carries out superposed average, as this pixel of output image sequence i frame.Even be that with the difference of the foregoing description the pixel of i frame and i-2 frame corresponding pixel points relatively belong to background, also do not carry out the stack of this this pixel of two frames.Can simplify computing like this, but a bit weaker on effect.
And for example, in another embodiment, as shown in Figure 3, also the frame of output image sequence can be saved in memory cell, when the next frame image is carried out superposed average, extract this frame again and compare and the superposed average processing, promptly adopt i-1 frame, the i-2 frame of output image sequence ... i-N+1 frame and input image sequence i frame carry out superposed average.So also be fine.Correspondingly, to preserve the unit be exactly to be used for the real-time write storage unit of frame of output image sequence to the image in the device.
And for example, can carry out superposed average by identical mode to the frame before the input image sequence N frame, when adopting 3 frame superposed averages among the embodiment, also (embodiment is an input image sequence with the 1st frame to the 2nd frame, but also can be the output image sequence) carried out superposed average together, the N value that is equivalent to adopt is different.But also can just handle since the N frame, N-1 two field picture is before directly exported, the N value hour even the N-1 two field picture before can not exporting.
Claims (10)
1. a device for eliminating flicker noise between frames in image sequence is characterized in that, comprises that sensor devices, noise between frames suppress the unit, image is preserved unit, image extraction unit and memory cell, wherein:
Described sensor devices is used for photographic images, and the image sequence of taking is outputed to noise between frames inhibition unit;
Described image is preserved the unit, is used for the frame of the input image sequence of described sensor devices output is write described memory cell, and the frame that described noise between frames is suppressed the output image sequence of unit output writes described memory cell;
Described memory cell is used to preserve picture frame, and its capacity is wanted to preserve the N-1 two field picture at least, the frame number that N adopts when being the superposed average processing;
Described image extraction unit is used for when photo-sensitive cell is exported the i two field picture, from memory cell, extract i-1 frame, i-2 frame ... the i-N+1 two field picture, output to described noise between frames and suppress the unit, and the i-N+1 two field picture is deleted from memory cell;
Described noise between frames suppresses the unit and is used for when receiving the i two field picture of sensor devices output, i-1 frame, i-2 frame according to image extraction unit output ... i-N+1 two field picture, pointwise judges that each pixel of i two field picture belongs to background and still belongs to moving target, the pixel that belongs to background is carried out the multiframe superposed average, the pixel that belongs to moving target is remained unchanged, export the i two field picture after this processing then.
2. device as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described image is preserved the unit after receiving the picture frame of input, earlier it is compressed, and then writes described memory cell; Described image extraction unit decompresses to it earlier when extracting a certain frame, outputs to described noise between frames again and suppresses the unit.
3. device as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that, what described image was preserved the unit employing is JPEG compressed format or ADPCM compressed format.
4. device as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that, described image extraction unit is extracted i-1 frame, i-2 frame ... during the i-N+1 frame, once only extract the parts of images of these frame same positions, output to described noise between frames after the decompression and suppress the unit, extract so one by one, decompress and output to described noise between frames up to all images and suppress the unit these frames.
5. device as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described noise between frames suppresses the unit and further comprises:
Pixel is subelement relatively, be used for each pixel with input image sequence i frame, with the i-1 frame, the i-2 frame that extract ... the corresponding pixel points of i-N+1 frame relatively, judge whether it belongs to background, if judge that this pixel of i frame belongs to background, then notes this frame during with certain frame corresponding pixel points comparison;
The superposed average subelement, this pixel that is used for all frames that input image sequence i frame and pixel comparison subelement are noted carries out superposed average, as this pixel of output image sequence i frame,, then keep this pixel of i frame constant if do not note any frame;
The output subelement is used for after the superposed average subelement is finished the superposed average processing of all pixels the i frame of output image sequence.
6. device as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described noise between frames suppresses the unit and further comprises:
Pixel is subelement relatively, be used for each pixel with input image sequence i frame, successively with the i-1 frame, the i-2 frame that extract ... the corresponding pixel points of i-N+1 frame relatively, judge whether it belongs to background, if judge that this pixel of i frame belongs to background during with certain frame corresponding pixel points comparison, then note this frame, and if judge that this pixel of i frame belongs to moving target, then stops comparison during certain frame comparison;
The superposed average subelement, this pixel that is used for all frames that input image sequence i frame and pixel comparison subelement are noted carries out superposed average, as this pixel of output image sequence i frame,, then keep this pixel of i frame constant if do not note any frame;
The output subelement is used for after the superposed average subelement is finished the superposed average processing of all pixels the i frame of output image sequence.
7. as claim 5 or 6 described devices, it is characterized in that described noise between frames suppresses the unit and also comprises a N value setup unit, is used for this N value being set or being adjusted this N value adaptively in processing procedure by the user.
8. as claim 5 or 6 described devices, it is characterized in that, described pixel comparison subelement compares pixel and another two field picture corresponding pixel points of input image sequence i frame, judge when this pixel belongs to background and still belongs to moving target, be on all colours passage, the corresponding pixel points of this two two field picture to be asked poor, if the absolute value of the difference that obtains on all passages is all less than the respective channel preset threshold, judge that then this pixel belongs to background, otherwise judge that this pixel belongs to moving target.
9. as claim 5 or 6 described devices, it is characterized in that, when described superposed average subelement carries out superposed average to the corresponding pixel points of multiple image, is that this pixel to multiple image carries out arithmetic average on all colours passage.
10. device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described noise between frames suppresses the unit for each frame before the image sequence N frame, also be to extract input image sequence before this frame or all frames of output image sequence, pointwise judges that each pixel belongs to background and still belongs to moving target, the pixel that belongs to background is carried out superposed average, the pixel that belongs to moving target remains unchanged, and obtains this frame of output image sequence.
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| CN101986688B (en) * | 2009-07-29 | 2012-07-25 | 展讯通信（上海）有限公司 | Method for eliminating high light sensitivity speed noise and digital image processing equipment |
| CN106303157B (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2020-07-14 | 广州市百果园网络科技有限公司 | Video noise reduction processing method and video noise reduction processing device |
| CN108111762A (en) * | 2017-12-27 | 2018-06-01 | 努比亚技术有限公司 | A kind of image processing method, terminal and computer readable storage medium |
| CN108174091B (en) * | 2017-12-28 | 2021-04-13 | Oppo广东移动通信有限公司 | Image processing method, image processing device, storage medium and electronic equipment |
| JP6932895B1 (en) * | 2020-05-20 | 2021-09-08 | エスゼット ディージェイアイ テクノロジー カンパニー リミテッドＳｚ Ｄｊｉ Ｔｅｃｈｎｏｌｏｇｙ Ｃｏ．，Ｌｔｄ | Image processing equipment, imaging equipment, moving objects, programs and methods |
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