CN100410492C - Centralized water discharge apparatus and method for tunnelling - Google Patents
Centralized water discharge apparatus and method for tunnelling Download PDFInfo
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- CN100410492C CN100410492C CNB2005100964313A CN200510096431A CN100410492C CN 100410492 C CN100410492 C CN 100410492C CN B2005100964313 A CNB2005100964313 A CN B2005100964313A CN 200510096431 A CN200510096431 A CN 200510096431A CN 100410492 C CN100410492 C CN 100410492C
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a centralized water discharge device and method for tunneling. The centralized water discharge device comprises a water leading pipe, a filter layer, a funnel, a filter net and a discharging pipe, wherein the water leading pipe is arranged in a water leading hole d of a tunnel primary support and water penetration concentrating part of tunnel surrounding rock, the filter layer is arranged outside the water leading pipe, the funnel is arranged under the primary support water leading pipe, the filter net is arranged at the lower end of the funnel, and the discharging pipe is arranged at the lower end of the funnel outside the filter net. The centralized water discharge method comprises drilling the water leading hole d in the tunnel primary support and water penetration centralizing part of tunnel surrounding rock, aligning primary support surfaces and mounting the centralized water discharge device for tunneling. The centralized water discharge device for tunneling of the present invention has the advantages of reasonable design, simple structure, high efficiency, low energy consumption, low production cost, good using effect, etc., and the water discharge method for tunneling of the present invention has the advantages of reasonable design, simple construction, good water discharging effect, etc. The present invention can be used in the tunnel construction.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the anti-water discharge technology field of highway tunnel, be specifically related to the concentrated water draw-off and the method thereof of construction of tunnel.
Background technology
Throughout the year, water is an extensive concern to the influence of construction of tunnel and harm problem always and fails the problem of fine solution.Water is many-sided to the harm of construction of tunnel, comprising: phreatic corrosion function can cause the erosion damage of liner structure, thus the durability of harm liner structure; Severe cold area is because of the multigelation circulation of percolating water, cause the frost heave cracking destruction of lining concrete,, jeopardize traffic safety if water then can worsen environment icy on road, and, because of ice tumor and ice berg that percolating water freezes to form can be invaded tunnel clearance or be blocked drainage channel; Particularly it is worth noting that tunnel percolating water can greatly reduce the use and the life-span of various ancillary facilities in the tunnel.
Novel tunnel liner structure in recent years, as the appearance of Double Multi-Arch tunnel, many multiple-arch tunnels, asymmetric multiple-arch tunnel, small-clear-distance tunnel etc., and the general of category of roads improve fast, and the anti-draining of construction of tunnel has been proposed requirements at the higher level.The anti-draining of underground construction is the hard nut to crack that perplexs underground construction circle always, and through long Construction Practice, construction of tunnel circle has formed integrated use and " prevented, cuts, blocks up, arranges " treatment measures that combine." prevent ", promptly require tunnel lining, waterproofing course to have waterproof ability, prevent that underground water from seeing through waterproofing course, liner structure infiltrates in the hole; " row ", be that the tunnel should have unobstructed drainage, ditch, center or trackside gutter in the ponding introducing hole under lining cutting behind, the road surface structare layer are drained, discharge lining cutting ponding behind, can reduce or eliminate lining cutting water pressure behind, arrange well more, the probability of lining cutting percolating water is just more little, waterproof is also just easier, discharges the ponding under the road surface structare layer, can prevent that the road surface from emitting water, frost boiling, joint to destroy; " cut ", promptly to being easy to leak into the surface water in tunnel, should adopting and be provided with cut (row) ditch, remove ponding, fill the plash depression, seal measure such as breakthrough; " block up ", the location of percolating water is arranged, adopt methods such as slip casting, spraying, water blockoff wall, underground water is got lodged in the country rock body at the tunnel.
In anti-Drainage Design to construction of tunnel, generally all can suitably handle simultaneously surface water, underground water, form a complete unobstructed waterproof and water drainage system inside and outside the hole to allow.
At present, construction of tunnel mostly adopts composite lining, and promptly liner structure comprises preliminary bracing and secondary lining.In the hole, the anti-water discharge technology of construction of tunnel that adapts with liner structure has also obtained very great development in recent years, in the hole, tunnel, remain the waterproofing course waterproof, anti-drainage blanket is set between supporting in the early stage and the secondary lining, mainly be geotextiles, band drain and splash guard, water is imported various gutters, matching used with it spring semicircle pipe, waterstop, sealing rod and blind pipe and french drain etc. in addition.But, these water discharge methods and dewatering installation, the tunnel percolating water phenomenon is failed to obtain fine solution, especially build construction of tunnel in the rich groundwater area, can accomplish that seldom lining cutting is water-tight, not drip, do not seep water that the construction of tunnel percolating water that brings is therefrom administered in a lot of construction of tunnel and spent a considerable amount of manpower and financial resources." ten tunnels nine leak " illustrated the popularity and the generality of tunnel percolating water just.And, in the Fu Shui location, occur large tracts of land infiltration in the tunnel construction process, leak and even water burst has worsened the construction operation environment.
It is many-sided causing the construction of tunnel reason caused seepage water of building, one of them main cause is that the country rock water content is when big, after underground water oozes out from preliminary bracing in a large number, can not introduce gutter by anti-drainage blanket rapidly, thereby assemble between supporting in the early stage and anti-drainage blanket, form big hydraulic pressure, because the continuous accumulation of water pressure, existing in addition anti-water discharge method can not be accomplished exhaustive, watertight in construction.Water will be seeped into two lining back by the weak link of anti-drainage blanket in the work progress, then at two lining back accumulating hydraulic pressures, to to a certain degree oozing out or flow out from two lining weak links, in case form the passage of percolating water, water will exosmose by this passage continually.
Summary of the invention
A technical problem to be solved by this invention is that the concentrated sluicing for construction of tunnel provides a kind of concentrated water draw-off of reasonable in design, simple in structure, efficient is high, energy consumption is low, cost of production is low, result of use is good construction of tunnel.
Another technical problem to be solved by this invention is to overcome the shortcoming of the sluicing water discharge method of above-mentioned construction of tunnel, and a kind of method is simple, easy and simple to handle, the concentrated sluicing method of the effective construction of tunnel that sluices for construction of tunnel provides.
It comprises to solve the problems of the technologies described above the technical scheme that adopted: be arranged on preliminary bracing in the tunnel and tunnel surrounding infiltration and concentrate aqueduct in the priming hole d of position, be arranged on the filtration beds of aqueduct outside, be arranged on the funnel under the preliminary bracing aqueduct, be arranged on the screen pack of funnel lower end, it also comprises the gutter that is arranged on outside the screen pack of funnel lower end.
Funnel of the present invention is that upper base is greater than Rotary-table of going to the bottom or prismoid.Aqueduct of the present invention is: be processed with infiltration hole e on stainless steel tube wall or nonmetal tube wall.Filtration beds of the present invention is nonmetals filter cloth or screen pack.
Adopt the concentrated sluicing method of concentrated water draw-off in the tunnel of construction of tunnel to comprise subordinate's step:
(1) in the tunnel in the preliminary bracing infiltration concentrate the position to beat priming hole d
The infiltration of preliminary bracing and tunnel surrounding is concentrated the position to beat and is made a call to 1 priming hole d at least in the tunnel.
(2) levelling preliminary bracing surface
In the surperficial levelling with preliminary bracing of the opening part of priming hole d, the levelling area should be not less than funnel opening outer edge area.
(3) the concentrated water draw-off of installation construction of tunnel
There is the aqueduct of filtration beds to be installed in the priming hole d outer setting, with expansion bolt funnel upper end outer edge is fixed on the levelling surface of preliminary bracing, screen pack is installed in the lower end of funnel, one end of gutter is installed in outside the lower end screen pack of funnel, gutter along the tunnel preliminary bracing be arranged circumferentially, the other end is placed in the gutter in the tunnel or with tunneling drain and links.
The angle α of the center line of priming hole d of the present invention and vertical plane is 30 °～60 °, and the angle β of the center line of priming hole d and horizontal plane is 120 °～150 °, and the degree of depth of priming hole is at least 2m, and the aperture of priming hole d is 3～10cm.
The center line of a priming hole d of the present invention and an adjacent priming hole d and the angle α of vertical plane is identical, identical with the angle β of horizontal plane.
Priming hole d of the present invention uniform arrangement on the same conical surface.
The present invention is directed to the leakage problem that extensively exists in the present construction of tunnel, priming hole is beaten in the serious or Fu Shui location of supporting in the early stage and tunnel surrounding seepage, the concentrated water draw-off of construction of tunnel is installed in supporting in the early stage and tunnel surrounding and the priming hole, infiltration concentrates the underground water at position to flow out from priming hole, through concentrating water draw-off to flow to the gutter, significantly reduce the underground water that needs by preventing that drainage blanket blocks up or arranges, phreatic osmotic pressure is reduced, solved the construction of tunnel leakage problem.Advantages such as that the concentrated water draw-off of construction of tunnel of the present invention has is reasonable in design, simple in structure, efficient is high, energy consumption is low, cost of production is low, result of use is good, advantage such as that the sluicing water discharge method of construction of tunnel of the present invention has is reasonable in design, construction is simple, the sluicing drainage effect is good.The concentrated water draw-off and the sluicing method thereof of construction of tunnel can be promoted the use of in constructing tunnel.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of an embodiment of concentrated water draw-off of construction of tunnel of the present invention.
Fig. 2 be among Fig. 1 funnel 2 and filter screen 3 and with the schematic diagram that connects of gutter 4.
Fig. 3 is the scheme of installation of aqueduct 6.
The specific embodiment
The present invention is described in more detail below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, but the invention is not restricted to these embodiment.
In Fig. 1,2,3, the concentrated water draw-off of the construction of tunnel of present embodiment is made of funnel 2, screen pack 3, gutter 4, expansion bolt 5, aqueduct 6, filter cloth 7.Preliminary bracing 1 and tunnel surrounding 8 infiltrations are concentrated aqueduct 6 are installed in the priming hole d of position in the tunnel, the aqueduct 6 of present embodiment is a polyvinyl chloride pipe, also can adopt nylon tube, also can adopt stainless steel tube, aqueduct 6 radially be processed with the infiltration hole e, the water of tunnel surrounding 8 seepages can enter in the aqueduct 6 from infiltration hole e, at aqueduct 6 outside looping nonwoven, nonwoven is an embodiment of filter cloth 7, also available nylon or plastics gauze, filter cloth 7 are used to prevent that the silt hole e that will seep water from stopping up.Present embodiment funnel 2 be shaped as Rotary-table, the upper base of funnel 2 is greater than going to the bottom, the outer edge of funnel 2 is fixed in the tunnel preliminary bracing 1 with expansion bolt 5, funnel 2 just in time be positioned at aqueduct 6 under, the lower end of funnel 2 is equipped with screen pack 3, screen pack 3 was used for filtering the foreign material such as sandstone of water, gutter 4 is installed by being threaded outside the lower end of funnel 2 screen pack 3, gutter 4 is fixedly mounted in the tunnel preliminary bracing 1, the other end of gutter 4 is placed in the gutter, also can link with tunneling drain, gutter 4 is used for concentrating the water that flow out at the position to flow in the gutter preliminary bracing in the tunnel 1 and tunnel surrounding 8 infiltrations.
Adopt the water draw-off of construction of tunnel of the present invention as follows at the concentrated sluicing method of construction of tunnel:
1, in the tunnel in the preliminary bracing infiltration concentrate the position to beat priming hole
2, levelling preliminary bracing surface
In the surperficial levelling with preliminary bracing of the opening part of priming hole d, the levelling area should be greater than the area of funnel 2 opening outer edges.
3, the concentrated water draw-off of construction of tunnel is installed
In the present embodiment, funnel 2 is shaped as upper base greater than the truncated rectangular pyramids body of going to the bottom.The shape of funnel 2 also can for upper base greater than three prismoids of going to the bottom, also can for upper base greater than six prismoids of going to the bottom, can also for upper base greater than five prismoids of going to the bottom or other prismoid.The connecting relation of other component and component is identical with embodiment 1.
In the present embodiment, preliminary bracing 1 and tunnel surrounding 8 infiltrations are concentrated the position to make a call to 3 different azimuth different directions lower ends and are converged at the priming hole d of any in the tunnel, the angle α of the center line of 3 priming hole d and vertical plane is 30 °, the angle β of priming hole center line and horizontal plane is 135 °, 3 priming hole d uniform arrangements on the same conical surface, the degree of depth of priming hole d is 2m, and the aperture of priming hole d is 10cm.The concentrated water draw-off of used construction of tunnel is identical with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 4
In the present embodiment, preliminary bracing 1 and tunnel surrounding 8 infiltrations are concentrated the position to make a call to 3 different azimuth different directions lower ends and are converged at the priming hole d of any in the tunnel, the angle α of the center line of 3 priming hole d and vertical plane is 60 °, the angle β of priming hole center line and horizontal plane is 150 °, 3 priming hole d uniform arrangements on the same conical surface, the degree of depth of priming hole d is 3m, and the aperture of priming hole d is 5cm.The concentrated water draw-off of used construction of tunnel is identical with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 5
In the present embodiment, preliminary bracing 1 and tunnel surrounding 8 infiltrations are concentrated the position to make a call to 3 different azimuth different directions lower ends and are converged at the priming hole d of any in the tunnel, the angle α of the center line of 3 priming hole d and vertical plane is 30 °, the angle β of priming hole center line and horizontal plane is 150 °, 3 priming hole d uniform arrangements on the same conical surface, the degree of depth of priming hole d is 3m, and the aperture of priming hole d is 3cm.The concentrated water draw-off of used construction of tunnel is identical with embodiment 1.
In the present embodiment, preliminary bracing 1 and tunnel surrounding 8 infiltrations are concentrated the position to make a call to 3 different azimuth different directions lower ends and are converged at the priming hole d of any in the tunnel, the angle α of the center line of 3 priming hole d and vertical plane is 30 °, the angle β of priming hole center line and horizontal plane is 120 °, 3 priming hole d uniform arrangements on the same conical surface, the degree of depth of priming hole d is 3m, and the aperture of priming hole d is 9cm.The concentrated water draw-off of used construction of tunnel is identical with embodiment 1.
In the present embodiment, preliminary bracing 1 and tunnel surrounding 8 infiltrations are concentrated the position to make a call to 3 different azimuth different directions lower ends and are converged at the priming hole d of any in the tunnel, the angle α of the center line of 3 priming hole d and vertical plane is 60 °, the angle β of priming hole center line and horizontal plane is 120 °, 3 priming hole d uniform arrangements on the same conical surface, the degree of depth of priming hole d is 3m, and the aperture of priming hole d is 4cm.The concentrated water draw-off of used construction of tunnel is identical with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 8
In above embodiment 1～7, preliminary bracing 1 and tunnel surrounding 8 infiltrations are concentrated the position to make a call to 4 different azimuth different directions lower ends and are converged at the priming hole d of any in the tunnel, 4 priming hole d uniform arrangements on the same conical surface, the center line of 4 priming hole d is identical with the angle and the respective embodiments of the angle of vertical plane and priming hole center line and horizontal plane, the degree of depth of priming hole d is 4m, and the aperture of priming hole d is identical in respective embodiments.The concentrated water draw-off of used construction of tunnel is identical with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 9
In above embodiment 1～7, preliminary bracing 1 and tunnel surrounding 8 infiltrations concentrate the position to make a call to 1 priming hole d in the tunnel, the center line of priming hole d is identical with the angle and the respective embodiments of the angle of vertical plane and priming hole center line and horizontal plane, the degree of depth of priming hole d is 20m, and the aperture of priming hole d is 10cm.The concentrated water draw-off of used construction of tunnel is identical with embodiment 1.
In order to verify beneficial effect of the present invention, the inventor adopts the concentrated water draw-off of the embodiment of the invention 1 construction of tunnel and the strong wind bealock tunnel of concentrated sluicing method on the unit-mill speedway in Yunnan Province's Yuanjiang River county to Mo Hei county of construction of tunnel to carry out the scene use, and mode of occupation is as follows:
1, strong wind bealock tunnel overview
Strong wind bealock tunnel is positioned at the highest point of unit's mill speedway, and height above sea level is 2030 meters, is positioned at the boundary in Yuanjiang River county and two counties, Mojiang county, is Yunnan Province's highway first long tunnel.This tunnel is located in the main peak area on sad firm mountain, is the dividing ridge of first River Drainage and A Mo River Drainage, route zone lithology complexity, and distribution interstitial water, bedrock fracture water and karst water three major types, and bedrock fracture moisture cloth cover is the most extensive.The tunnel passes through the river, Nanxi for twice, and three permanent current ditches are arranged along the line, and the face of land and underground water are very abundant, because the ROCK MASS JOINT cranny development, surface water easily becomes phreatic replenishing.
The water yield is abundant, and to cause seepage be one of significant difficulties that runs in the strong wind bealock tunnel construction process, and the water yield is bigger in the downlink K256+259 position in this tunnel, and seepage was serious after preliminary bracing performed, and the vault position forms continuous water clock.
2, adopt the concentrated water draw-off and the sluicing method draining thereof of construction of tunnel of the present invention
3 priming hole d are made a call at the place at strong wind bealock tunnel down line K256+259 section vault, the angle α of priming hole center line and vertical plane is 45 °, the angle β of priming hole center line and horizontal plane is 120 °, the degree of depth of priming hole d is 3m, the aperture is 5cm, porose aqueduct 6 on the assembly wall in priming hole d, and use the nonwoven looping, at the priming hole d of water burst place external application expansion bolt 5 diameter being installed is 60cm, the funnel 2 of high 20cm, filter screen 3 is installed in the lower end of funnel 2, funnel 2 lower end filter screens 3 are outer to fix a drainpipe 4, and gutter 4 is equidistantly fixing along preliminary bracing 1 hoop, and the other end of gutter 4 is placed in the gutter in the tunnel.After secondary construction of this tunnel finishes, downlink K256+259 section and near the position phenomenon does not appear dripping, seeping water.
Claims (7)
1. the concentrated water draw-off of a construction of tunnel, it is characterized in that it comprises: be arranged on the infiltration of preliminary bracing in the tunnel (1) and tunnel surrounding (8) and concentrate the interior aqueduct (6) of position priming hole (d), be arranged on the outside filtration beds of aqueduct (6), be arranged on the funnel (2) under preliminary bracing (1) aqueduct (6), be arranged on the screen pack (3) of funnel (2) lower end, it also comprises the gutter (4) that is arranged on outside funnel (2) the lower end screen pack (3).
2. according to the concentrated water draw-off of the described construction of tunnel of claim 1, it is characterized in that: said funnel (2) is that upper base is greater than Rotary-table of going to the bottom or prismoid; Said aqueduct (6) is: be processed with infiltration hole (e) on stainless steel tube wall or nonmetal tube wall; Said filtration beds is nonmetals filter cloth (7) or screen pack.
3. the concentrated sluicing method of a construction of tunnel is characterized in that comprising the steps:
A, preliminary bracing in the tunnel (1) and tunnel surrounding (8) infiltration concentrate the position to beat priming hole (d)
Preliminary bracing in the tunnel (1) and tunnel surrounding (8) infiltration are concentrated the position to beat and are made a call to 1 priming hole (d) at least;
B, levelling preliminary bracing (1) surface
In the surperficial levelling with preliminary bracing (1) of the opening part of priming hole (d), the levelling area should be not less than funnel (2) opening outer edge area;
The concentrated water draw-off of C, installation construction of tunnel
There is the aqueduct (6) of filtration beds to be installed in the priming hole (d) outer setting, with expansion bolt (5) funnel (2) upper end outer edge is fixed on the levelling surface of preliminary bracing (1), screen pack (3) is installed in the lower end of funnel (2), one end of gutter (4) is installed in outside the lower end screen pack (3) of funnel (2), gutter (4) along tunnel preliminary bracing (1) be arranged circumferentially, the other end is placed in the gutter in the tunnel or with tunneling drain and links.
4. according to the concentrated sluicing method of the described construction of tunnel of claim 3, it is characterized in that: the angle (α) of the center line of said priming hole (d) and vertical plane is 30 °～60 °, the angle (β) of the center line of priming hole (d) and horizontal plane is 120 °～150 °, the degree of depth of priming hole is at least 2m, and the aperture of priming hole (d) is 3～10cm.
5. according to the concentrated sluicing method of claim 3 or 4 described construction of tunnel, it is characterized in that: the center line of a said priming hole (d) and an adjacent priming hole (d) and the angle (α) of vertical plane is identical, identical with the angle (β) of horizontal plane.
6. according to the concentrated sluicing method of claim 3 or 4 described construction of tunnel, it is characterized in that: said priming hole (d) uniform arrangement on the same conical surface.
7. according to the concentrated sluicing method of the described construction of tunnel of claim 5, it is characterized in that: said priming hole (d) uniform arrangement on the same conical surface.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2005100964313A CN100410492C (en) | 2005-11-29 | 2005-11-29 | Centralized water discharge apparatus and method for tunnelling |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2005100964313A CN100410492C (en) | 2005-11-29 | 2005-11-29 | Centralized water discharge apparatus and method for tunnelling |
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| CN1766289A CN1766289A (en) | 2006-05-03 |
| CN100410492C true CN100410492C (en) | 2008-08-13 |
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| CNB2005100964313A Expired - Fee Related CN100410492C (en) | 2005-11-29 | 2005-11-29 | Centralized water discharge apparatus and method for tunnelling |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101435342B (en) * | 2008-12-22 | 2011-04-20 | 长安大学 | Tunnel ring direction drainpipe equipped with strip heat-insulating layer |
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| CN102979535B (en) * | 2012-12-27 | 2015-12-02 | 西南交通大学 | Draining type section of jurisdiction is used in a kind of tunnel lining |
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| CN1766289A (en) | 2006-05-03 |
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