CN100409545C - Super-high-speed high-power magnetic-suspension main-shaft motor - Google Patents
Super-high-speed high-power magnetic-suspension main-shaft motor Download PDFInfo
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- CN100409545C CN100409545C CNB2006100400743A CN200610040074A CN100409545C CN 100409545 C CN100409545 C CN 100409545C CN B2006100400743 A CNB2006100400743 A CN B2006100400743A CN 200610040074 A CN200610040074 A CN 200610040074A CN 100409545 C CN100409545 C CN 100409545C
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- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 26
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- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000005415 magnetization Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 claims description 2
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- 239000011162 core material Substances 0.000 description 14
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 8
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 229910052581 Si3N4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000004323 axial length Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005347 demagnetization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005389 magnetism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001172 neodymium magnet Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon nitride Chemical compound N12[Si]34N5[Si]62N3[Si]51N64 HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a superhigh speed and high power magnetic suspension main-shaft motor, which comprises a casing, a main shaft, a consequent-pole bearingless permanent magnet motor, a permanent magnet biased hybrid magnetic bearing with three degrees of freedom, and two auxiliary bearings, wherein a permanent magnet biased hybrid magnetic bearing with three degrees of freedom is arranged on the main shaft arranged between the consequent-pole bearingless permanent magnet motor and the casing; one of the two auxiliary bearings is arranged at the central position of one side end cover of the consequent-pole bearingless permanent magnet motor, and the other one of the two auxiliary bearings is arranged at the central position of one side end cover of permanent magnet biased hybrid magnetic bearing with three degrees of freedom. The present invention integrates the motor and the bearing, and the axial direction and the radial direction into a whole; having the advantages of simple and compact structure, high integration performance, high critical rotating speed, low design difficulty, long service life, high reliability, and convenient modularization and mechanical processing, the present invention further raises the axial space utilization, easily realizes operation with large power and superhigh speed, effectively lowers the mechanical processing cost and the cost of power electronic devices, and enhances the competitiveness of electric main shaft products.
Description
One, technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of magnetic-suspension main-shaft motor, relate in particular to a kind of magnetic-suspension main-shaft motor of super-high-speed high-power.
Two, background technology
Since the nineties in last century, efficient high-accuracy ultrahigh speed process technology has obtained developing rapidly, has particularly obtained extensive use in fields such as Aero-Space, automobile and motorcycle industry, Mould Machining, weaving and chemical machinery in industrial all departments.Not only require the machine spindle speed height with superhigh-speed cutting at a high speed, and require the moment of torsion of transmission and power also to want big, and in running up, also will keep good dynamic characteristic and thermal characteristic.Under the ultrahigh speed condition, bearing is the key that electric main shaft is realized high speed and precise treatment.The silicon nitride ceramics bearing can't satisfy high rotating speed and large bearing capacity simultaneously because bearing capacity and sound rigidity are not enough at present, and needs to be equipped with special oil-air lubrication and spraying lubricating device, only is applicable to some quasi high-speed main shafts, and is still undesirable to high-speed motorized spindles.Magnetic suspension bearing is owing to utilize electromagnetic force that main shaft is not had machinery to suspend contiguously, have and do not have machinery contact, no friction and wear, need not to lubricate and sealing, energy consumption little, do not have mechanical noise, serial advantage such as can in the environment of vacuum or corrosive medium, work.But traditional spindle motor adopts two radial magnetic bearings and axial magnetic bearing to control five degrees of freedom of main shaft with magnetic bearing system, occupy suitable axial space, complex structure has limited the microminiaturization of high-speed main spindle motor and the further raising of critical whirling speed and power output thereof.
Three, summary of the invention
1, goal of the invention: the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of simple and compact for structure, power density is big, bearing capacity is big, volume is little, in light weight, novel super-high-speed high-power magnetic-suspension main-shaft motor that reliability is high.
2, technical scheme: in order to reach above-mentioned goal of the invention, super-high-speed high-power magnetic-suspension main-shaft motor of the present invention comprises: casing, main shaft, a consequent pole permanent magnet motor without bearing, a Three Degree Of Freedom permanent magnet biased hybrid magnetic bearing and two auxiliary bearings, the Three Degree Of Freedom permanent magnet biased hybrid magnetic bearing is installed on the main shaft between consequent pole permanent magnet motor without bearing and the casing, one of them auxiliary bearing is installed in the center of the end cap of consequent pole permanent magnet motor without bearing one side, another auxiliary bearing is installed in the center of the end cap of Three Degree Of Freedom permanent magnet biased hybrid magnetic bearing one side, wherein, in the stator slot of consequent pole permanent magnet motor without bearing respectively embedding be used to control the three-phase torque winding of motor torque output and the Suspension Control winding that a cover is used to control the suffered suspending power of rotor around a cover, be installed in epitrochanterian permanent magnet and radially be the same polarity arrangement, the rotor core between the permanent magnet is become another identical polarity by alternating magnetization.Described auxiliary bearing does not change or is used for support rotor during low speed at this electric system, in case spline wearing and tearing heating and lose support function causes motor to damage.
The radial stator tooth utmost point of Three Degree Of Freedom permanent magnet biased hybrid magnetic bearing has radial suspension magnetic bearings control winding and axial suspension magnetic bearings control winding, the outside magnetic bearing axial stator core of Three Degree Of Freedom permanent magnet biased hybrid magnetic bearing is sleeved on the cylindrical of annular permanent magnet, annular permanent magnet is mounted on the surface of the radial stator tooth utmost point, and the radial offset magnetic flux that annular permanent magnet produced constitutes the loop through the radial stator tooth utmost point, radial air gap, rotor core, axial air-gap and outside magnetic bearing axial stator core successively.Described annular permanent magnet generally adopts Nd-Fe-B permanent magnet, and outside magnetic bearing axial stator core and rotor core material therefor are electrical pure iron.
In order to guarantee the reliability service of motor, prevent system overheat, it also comprises cooling system, and this system includes water hole, apopore and is located on bosh on the casing, and blasthole, apopore lay respectively at the axial both sides of casing.
For motor is control effectively, it also comprises sensor detecting system, this system comprises magnetic bearing axial displacement transducer, magnetic bearing radial displacement transducer and bearing-free motor radial displacement transducer, the magnetic bearing radial displacement transducer is positioned at the right side of one of them auxiliary bearing and is installed on the radial struts that is positioned on the end cap, the bearing-free motor radial displacement transducer is positioned at the left side of another auxiliary bearing and is installed on the radial struts that is positioned on the end cap, and the magnetic bearing axial displacement transducer is installed on the axial support that is positioned at end cap.The magnetic bearing axial displacement transducer is used to detect the axial displacement of Three Degree Of Freedom permanent magnet biased hybrid magnetic bearing, the magnetic bearing radial displacement transducer is used to detect the displacement radially of Three Degree Of Freedom permanent magnet biased hybrid magnetic bearing, and the bearing-free motor radial displacement transducer is used to detect the radial displacement of bearing-free motor.
Operation principle of the present invention is that no bearing technology is combined with the magnetic bearing technology, utilize the effect of consequent pole permanent magnet motor without bearing Suspension Control winding on the one hand, changing electric machine rotary magnetic field is symmetrically distributed, on rotor, produce the controlled radial suspension force of size and Orientation, the two-freedom of realizing electric machine main shaft suspends, with the bearings system of replacement conventional motors main shaft one end, thereby motor and bearing are integrated; Utilize Three Degree Of Freedom permanent-magnetic biased axial/radial direction magnetic bearing to realize the magnetic suspension of other three degree of freedom on the other hand, to replace the bearings system of the main shaft other end, thereby radial and axial magnetic bearing is integrated, further dwindled the main shaft axial length, improve critical whirling speed, realized the five-freedom degree full-suspension operation of main shaft.Consequent pole permanent magnet motor without bearing used in the present invention is to produce on the basis of bearing-free permanent magnet synchronous motor, bearing-free permanent magnet synchronous motor is being given full play on the basis of advantages such as magneto high efficiency, long-life, high-power and volume be little, the advantage integrate motor that combines the magnetic bearing technology drive with the suspension function in one, the outer axial space of occupying volume not, structure is compact more, and its bearing rigidity, space availability ratio and electromagnetic efficiency etc. all improve a lot.But traditional bearing-free permanent magnet synchronous motor structure is surface-adhered type or plug-in type, exist control magnetic ability, controllable suspension power is little, problems such as easy demagnetization of permanent magnet and suspending power and torque control intercouple, restricted the application and the development of bearing-free permanent magnet synchronous motor to a great extent, and consequent pole permanent magnet motor without bearing these defectives have been overcome.
3, beneficial effect: super-high-speed high-power magnetic-suspension main-shaft motor of the present invention has following characteristics: 1. adopt bearing-free motor as spindle drive motor and the magnetic bearing that replaces conventional axial/radial separation with Three Degree Of Freedom permanent-magnetic biased axial/radial hybrid magnetic bearing, with motor and bearing, axially and radially be integrated in one, simple and compact for structure, has the height integration, further improved the axial space utilance, the critical whirling speed height is easy to realize the high-power super-high-speed running; 2. the consequent pole permanent magnetism bearing-free motor control magnetic-capacity of Cai Yonging is easy, does not have the contradiction of common permanent-magnetic electric machine with bearing torque and suspending power compromise, and the suspension electric current is little, and bearing capacity and rigidity rise at double, and the convenient power consumption of motor radiating is little; 3. intrinsic suspension decoupling zero characteristic, separate between suspending power and the torque control, the Suspension Control model is simple, greatly reduces the Control System Design difficulty; 4. long service life, the reliability height is convenient to modularization and machining, can effectively reduce machining cost and power electronic device cost, improves the competitiveness of electric principal shaft product.Novel super-high-speed high-power magnetic-suspension main-shaft motor of the present invention will not have bearing technology and magnetic bearing technology advantage separately organically combines, to China's Aero-Space, automobile and motorcycle industry, Mould Machining, fields such as weaving and chemical machinery are adopted domestic research and development voluntarily to produce high performance-price ratio electricity main shaft and drive system with its knowledge property right and are equipped home equipment of new generation, substitute electric main shaft useless in the various import equipments, the import impetus of Digit Control Machine Tool machining center and other equipment will effectively be contained, it is one of the crucial behave of new step of marching toward of China NC Machine and other high-efficiency appliance, this will exert far reaching influence to the development of China's high-speed machine tool process technology, and is significant.
Four, description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the super-high-speed high-power magnetic-suspension main-shaft motor structural representation;
Fig. 2 is the consequent pole permanent magnet motor without bearing structural representation;
Fig. 3 is a Three Degree Of Freedom permanent magnet biased hybrid magnetic bearing structural representation.
Five, embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, the super-high-speed high-power magnetic-suspension main-shaft motor of present embodiment comprises casing 19, main shaft 3, a consequent pole permanent magnet motor without bearing 22, Three Degree Of Freedom permanent magnet biased hybrid magnetic bearing 23 and auxiliary bearing 2,11, Three Degree Of Freedom permanent magnet biased hybrid magnetic bearing 23 is installed on the main shaft 3 between consequent pole permanent magnet motor without bearing 22 and the casing 19, auxiliary bearing 2 is installed in the center of the end cap of consequent pole permanent magnet motor without bearing 22 1 sides, auxiliary bearing 11 is installed in the center of the end cap of Three Degree Of Freedom permanent magnet biased hybrid magnetic bearing 23 1 sides, wherein, in the stator slot 16 of consequent pole permanent magnet motor without bearing 22 respectively embedding be used to control the three-phase torque winding 15 of motor torque output and the Suspension Control winding 14 that a cover is used to control rotor 17 suffered suspending powers around a cover, the permanent magnet 21 that is installed on the rotor 17 radially is the same polarity arrangement, rotor core between the permanent magnet 21 is become another identical polarity by alternating magnetization, and auxiliary bearing 2 and auxiliary bearing 11 are concentric with main shaft 3.
As shown in Figure 2, in the stator slot 16 of consequent pole permanent magnet motor without bearing 22 respectively embedding be used to control the three-phase torque winding 15 of motor torque output and the Suspension Control winding 14 that a cover is used to control rotor 17 suffered suspending powers around a cover, the permanent magnet 21 that is installed on the rotor 17 radially is the same polarity arrangement, and the rotor core between the permanent magnet 21 is become another identical polarity by alternating magnetization.Interaction by torque winding 15 in the stator slot 16 and suspending windings 14 air-gap field that produces realizes that the two-freedom of electric machine main shaft one end suspends.
As shown in Figure 3, be wound with radial suspension magnetic bearings control winding 4 on the radial stator tooth utmost point 6 of Three Degree Of Freedom permanent magnet biased hybrid magnetic bearing 23, be wound with axial suspension magnetic bearings control winding 5 in the outside magnetic bearing axial stator core 8, the outside magnetic bearing axial stator core 8 of Three Degree Of Freedom permanent magnet biased hybrid magnetic bearing 23 is sleeved on the cylindrical of annular permanent magnet 7, annular permanent magnet 7 is mounted on the surface of the radial stator tooth utmost point 6, and the radial offset magnetic flux that annular permanent magnet 7 is produced passes through the radial stator tooth utmost point 6 successively, radial air gap, rotor core 9, axial air-gap and outside magnetic bearing axial stator core 8 constitute the loop.By controlling the magnetic bearings control winding 4,5 that is wound with on four radial stator tooth utmost points 6, can realize that electric machine main shaft active magnetic axial and other three degree of freedom in the radial direction suspends, thereby realize the five-freedom degree full-suspension operation of rotor.Wherein, outside magnetic bearing axial stator core 8 and rotor core 9 material therefors are electrical pure iron.
The motor cooling system of present embodiment includes water hole 18, apopore 12 and is located on bosh 13 on the casing 19, and blasthole 18, apopore 12 lay respectively at the axial both sides of casing 19.It also comprises sensor detecting system, this system comprises magnetic bearing axial displacement transducer 1, magnetic bearing radial displacement transducer 10 and bearing-free motor radial displacement transducer 20, magnetic bearing radial displacement transducer 10 is positioned at the right side of auxiliary bearing 11 and is installed on the radial struts that is positioned on the end cap, bearing-free motor radial displacement transducer 20 is positioned at the left side of auxiliary bearing 2 and is installed on the radial struts that is positioned on the end cap, and magnetic bearing axial displacement transducer 1 is installed on the axial support that is positioned at end cap.
Described transducer is adopted eddy current displacement sensor, its probe model RS-900500-02-015-20-00, and the fore-lying device model is RS-900500-20-03, also can adopt the transducer of other model as required.
Claims (6)
1. super-high-speed high-power magnetic-suspension main-shaft motor, it is characterized in that: it comprises casing (19), main shaft (3), a consequent pole permanent magnet motor without bearing (22), a Three Degree Of Freedom permanent magnet biased hybrid magnetic bearing (23) and first, second auxiliary bearing (2,11), Three Degree Of Freedom permanent magnet biased hybrid magnetic bearing (23) is installed on the main shaft (3) between consequent pole permanent magnet motor without bearing (22) and the casing (19), first auxiliary bearing (2) is installed in the center of the end cap of consequent pole permanent magnet motor without bearing (22) one sides, second auxiliary bearing (11) is installed in the center of the end cap of Three Degree Of Freedom permanent magnet biased hybrid magnetic bearing (23) one sides, wherein, in the stator slot (16) of consequent pole permanent magnet motor without bearing (22) respectively embedding overlap the Suspension Control winding (14) that is used to control the suffered suspending power of rotor (17) around the three-phase torque winding (15) and that a cover is used to control motor torque output, the permanent magnet (21) that is installed on the rotor (17) radially is the same polarity arrangement, and the rotor core between the permanent magnet (21) is become another identical polarity by alternating magnetization.
2. super-high-speed high-power magnetic-suspension main-shaft motor as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: Three Degree Of Freedom permanent magnet biased hybrid magnetic bearing (23) comprises radial suspension magnetic bearings control winding (4), axial suspension magnetic bearings control winding (5), the radial stator tooth utmost point (6), annular permanent magnet (7) and outside magnetic bearing axial stator core (8), on radial suspension magnetic bearings control winding (4) the coiling radial stator tooth utmost point (6), axial suspension magnetic bearings control winding (5) is wound in the outside magnetic bearing axial stator core (8), outside magnetic bearing axial stator core (8) is sleeved on the cylindrical of annular permanent magnet (7), annular permanent magnet (7) is mounted on the surface of the radial stator tooth utmost point (6), and the radial offset magnetic flux that annular permanent magnet (7) is produced passes through the radial stator tooth utmost point (6) successively, radial air gap, rotor core (9), axial air-gap and outside magnetic bearing axial stator core (8) constitute the loop.
3. super-high-speed high-power magnetic-suspension main-shaft motor as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that: outside magnetic bearing axial stator core (8) and rotor core (9) material therefor are electrical pure iron.
4. super-high-speed high-power magnetic-suspension main-shaft motor as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that: it also comprises cooling system, this system includes water hole (18), apopore (12) and is located on bosh (13) on the casing (19), and blasthole (18), apopore (12) lay respectively at the axial both sides of casing (19).
5. super-high-speed high-power magnetic-suspension main-shaft motor as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that: it also comprises sensor detecting system, this system comprises magnetic bearing axial displacement transducer (1), magnetic bearing radial displacement transducer (10) and bearing-free motor radial displacement transducer (20), magnetic bearing radial displacement transducer (10) is positioned at the right side of second auxiliary bearing (11) and is installed on the radial struts that is positioned on the end cap, bearing-free motor radial displacement transducer (20) is positioned at the left side of first auxiliary bearing (2) and is installed on the radial struts that is positioned on the end cap, and magnetic bearing axial displacement transducer (1) is installed on the axial support that is positioned at end cap.
6. super-high-speed high-power magnetic-suspension main-shaft motor as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that: described transducer is an eddy current displacement sensor, its probe model RS-900500-02-015-20-00, and the fore-lying device model is RS-900500-20-03.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CNB2006100400743A CN100409545C (en) | 2006-04-30 | 2006-04-30 | Super-high-speed high-power magnetic-suspension main-shaft motor |
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| CNB2006100400743A CN100409545C (en) | 2006-04-30 | 2006-04-30 | Super-high-speed high-power magnetic-suspension main-shaft motor |
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| CN1852005A CN1852005A (en) | 2006-10-25 |
| CN100409545C true CN100409545C (en) | 2008-08-06 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111404317A (en) * | 2019-10-17 | 2020-07-10 | 浙江兆华机械制造有限公司 | Magnetic suspension motor |
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| CN101207310B (en) * | 2007-12-12 | 2010-08-18 | 南京航空航天大学 | Three-freedom consequent pole permanent magnet motor without bearing of axial direction initiative suspending |
| CN100545474C (en) * | 2008-03-17 | 2009-09-30 | 南京化工职业技术学院 | Low power consumption 5-freedom permanent magnetism off-set magnetic suspension bearing system |
| CN102299585A (en) * | 2010-06-28 | 2011-12-28 | 昆山巩诚电器有限公司 | motor liquid cooling structure |
| CN102734335A (en) * | 2012-02-13 | 2012-10-17 | 清华大学 | Auxiliary bearing unit of vertical magnetic suspension bearing |
| CN102829091A (en) * | 2012-09-07 | 2012-12-19 | 清华大学 | Rolling auxiliary bearing system |
| CN104426291A (en) * | 2013-09-10 | 2015-03-18 | 珠海格力节能环保制冷技术研究中心有限公司 | Magnetic bearing system |
| CN103607067A (en) * | 2013-10-30 | 2014-02-26 | 南京邮电大学 | Magnetic-suspension flywheel energy-storage cell used for electric automobile |
| CN105364604B (en) * | 2015-12-15 | 2017-12-26 | 东南大学 | A kind of non-contact permanent magnetism loading device of machine tool chief axis |
| CN106958531B (en) * | 2017-04-20 | 2018-04-06 | 北京航空航天大学 | A kind of low-loss magnetic suspension turbine molecular pump |
| CN107093939B (en) * | 2017-06-20 | 2023-09-08 | 北京昆腾迈格技术有限公司 | Magnetic suspension motor and dust collector |
| CN108183571B (en) * | 2018-01-04 | 2024-03-26 | 北京昆腾迈格技术有限公司 | Magnetic suspension motor shell and magnetic suspension motor |
| CN108649764B (en) * | 2018-06-30 | 2020-06-02 | 淮阴工学院 | Three-degree-of-freedom bearingless permanent magnet motor with constant current source excitation |
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