CN100408159C - Positive power control method for multiple magnetic-control tube microwave chemical reactor - Google Patents
Positive power control method for multiple magnetic-control tube microwave chemical reactor Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a positive power control method for a multiple magnetron microwave chemical reactor. The present invention is characterized in that a programmable positive power control device is arranged in a microwave chemical reactor with n magnetrons, a single chip micyoco (SCM) (1) is respectively connected with the magnetrons (3) through n relays (2); control parameters of chemical reactions are written in programmable SCM programs; the SCM makes the relays work in different 'opening' and 'closing' combination through control circuits; the magnetrons are controlled in different operation modes; when a system temperature of a chemical reaction quickly rises, or before the abrupt change of the microwave energy reflection happens, the number of working magnetrons is positively reduced to m, wherein the m is smaller than n; thereby, the output power of the microwave chemical reactor is reduced, the quick rise of temperature is limited, and the energy of a reflected microwave source is kept in a safe level. After crises, the number of the working magnetrons is gradually increased for increasing the power of the microwave chemical reactor; the output power of the microwave chemical reactor is positively controlled for smooth change.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of positive power control method for multiple magnetic-control tube microwave chemical reactor, belong to the microwave chemical reaction field.
Background technology
Compare with traditional steam, oil and Electric heating, heating using microwave has the efficient height, heats advantages such as fast and even, and can effectively promote the carrying out of chemical reaction, improves yield greatly, therefore has broad application prospects at chemical field.Microwave current has obtained practical application in chemical production field, and, Chinese medicine composition synthetic as medicine extracts and devulcanization of rubber etc.
In the process of heating using microwave chemical reaction, to carry out safely and smoothly in order to make reaction, a key issue is how to regulate microwave output power rightly, is the problem that is difficult to solve during domestic and international microwave chemical reactor is used for many years always.
The difficulty of this problem is: the microwave chemical reaction system is the nonequilibrium system of a complexity.The concentration of reactant and product, and temperature of reaction system all changes with chemical time, the temperature of chemical reaction system and composition change the change that all will cause system equivalence complex permittivity, and these change will influence absorption and the reflection of reaction system to microwave power conversely.Under the HIGH-POWERED MICROWAVES effect, reaction system produces the strong nonlinear response usually.The drastic change of equivalence complex permittivity real part will cause reaction system that the reflection of microwave incident power is sharply changed, and may cause too much microwave power to be reflected and damage the power source (magnetron) of microwave chemical reactor.The acute variation of equivalence complex permittivity imaginary part will cause reaction system that the absorption of microwave power is changed rapidly, when the imaginary part of equivalent complex permittivity raises rapidly, reaction system increases sharply to the absorption of microwave power, cause the reaction system temperature rise too fast and burn reactant most probably, this phenomenon often is called as " thermal runaway ".In the existing microwave chemical reactor, take place when carrying out the heating using microwave chemical reaction that microwave power source damages, reactant burns in addition the phenomenon of blasting unrare, these problems have had a strong impact on the security and the stability of heating using microwave chemical reaction.
Be the harm of avoiding temperature of reaction system drastic change to produce, domestic and international existing microwave chemical reactor mainly relies on two kinds of methods: a kind of is to lean on experience or test time and the intensity of variation of estimating that temperature jump takes place repeatedly, reduce the microwave source power output artificially in the suitable period of heating process again and suppress temperature jump, this can not control automatically to course of reaction.Second method is that the temperature feed back control system is installed on microwave chemical reactor, and this method is adopted by most pre-existing reactors.Promptly by temperature measuring equipment sampling inside reactor temperature, the power output of FEEDBACK CONTROL microwave source with this stopping reaction system temperature as far as possible, suppresses the generation of temperature jump.But big capacity reactor is difficult to accomplish that temperature is even fully, all can only the sample local temperature of reaction system of which kind of thermometric mode, temperature measurement error will directly influence the precision and the validity of control.Because this control mode is passive, just changes the sudden change that the microwave source power output has often had little time to suppress effectively temperature after the temperature acute variation appears in chemical reaction system, and is particularly all the more so to some heat-producing chemical reactions.
Also have in addition in microwave chemical reactor, to adopt and be interrupted the output that working method is regulated microwave power.The time scale that promptly changes magnetron work and stop, magnetron are the service intermittent state.The microwave chemical reactor of 1000W power output for example, in order to avoid the chemical reaction temperature rise too fast in the jump in temperature district, need to reduce power output, made magnetron work 10 seconds, quit work 30 seconds, worked on 10 seconds again, quit work 30 seconds, average microwave output power is 250W in this time period.But this mode, microwave output power are in the state of the rapid drawdown that rises sharply, and are not change procedures stably.In 10 seconds of magnetron work, instantaneous power still is 1000W, also may trigger " thermal runaway ", causes burning of reactant or product.For the consideration of magnetron life, the time interval of magnetron alternation can not be too short, so limited the smooth change of microwave output power.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is provides a kind of positive power control method for multiple magnetic-control tube microwave chemical reactor at the deficiencies in the prior art, be characterized in that programmable single chip computer controls the duty of a plurality of magnetrons, change the microwave chemical reactor power output, realize the function of ACTIVE CONTROL microwave power, the harm of avoiding chemical reaction system temperature jump and reaction system may bring to microwave energy reflection sudden change.
Purpose of the present invention is realized by following technical measures:
Positive power control method for multiple magnetic-control tube microwave chemical reactor
With installing active output control device able to programme in the microwave chemical reactor of n magnetron, single-chip microcomputer is connected respectively with n magnetron by n relay, the control parameter of chemical reaction is write the programmable single chip computer program, single-chip microcomputer make n relay be operated in that difference " is opened " by control circuit and the combination of " pass " in, control n magnetron and be in different duties, n relay closes when timer is initial, n magnetron all worked, in the rapid rising of chemical reaction system temperature or before to microwave energy reflection sudden change arriving, whether the timing time of judging timer arrives, when the time arrives, the generation timer interrupts, m relay opened, m magnetron started working, m＜n, the quantity of magnetron of will working in this way reduces, the rest may be inferred, reduce the power output of microwave chemical reactor, the inhibition temperature sharply rises and makes the energy of reflected back microwave source remain on level of security, after leaving on pass, it is identical when initial with timer to increase work magnetron quantity gradually, and to increase the power of microwave chemical reactor, the stable output power of ACTIVE CONTROL microwave chemical reactor changes.
The programmable single chip computer program is:
When (1) timer is initial, close external interrupt, the P1.0 of single-chip microcomputer, P1.2, P1.4 and P1.6 port output high level, solid-state relay is all closed, magnetron is all worked, when certain chemical reaction proceeds to the 6th minute, increasing sharply of temperature and reflectance factor can occur, just initiatively reduce in advance microwave power at the 5th minute;
(2) judge whether timer arrives 5 minutes, if arrive 5 minutes, the P1.0 of single-chip microcomputer, P1.2, P1.4 and P1.6 port output high level, all the other output low levels, solid-state relay S2, S3 and S4 disconnect, and only keep the S1 closure, magnetron 1 work;
(3) judge whether timer arrives 6 minutes, if arrive 6 minutes, single-chip microcomputer P1.0 and P1.2 output high level, all the other output low levels, solid-state relay S3 and S4 disconnect, S1 and S2 closure, magnetron 1 and magnetron 2 work;
(4) judge whether timer arrives 7 minutes, if arrive 7 minutes, single-chip microcomputer P1.0, P1.2 and P1.4 output high level, all the other output low levels, solid-state relay S4 disconnects, S1, S2 and S3 closure, magnetron 1, magnetron 2 and magnetron 3 work;
(5) judge whether timer arrives 8 minutes, if arrive 8 minutes, single-chip microcomputer P1.0, P1.2, P1.4 and P1.6 output high level, all the other output low levels, solid-state relay S1, S2, S3 and S4 closure, magnetron 1, magnetron 2, magnetron 3 and magnetron 4 work.
The control circuit principle of microwave chemical reactor is to be control chip with the single-chip microcomputer, when chip internal timer timing time arrives, the generation timer interrupts, P1.0 puts high level, utilizes current-limiting resistance R28, makes triode Q1 conducting and is in saturation state, solid-state relay S1 imports high voltage, solid-state relay S1 opens, the circuit closed of magnetron 1, and magnetron 1 is started working;
6MHz crystal oscillator Y1 and capacitor C 4 and C5 constitute oscillating circuit, for the clock signal of single-chip microcomputer generation 6MHz, capacitor C 6, resistance R 2 and resistance R 3 constitute reset circuits, when press button SW2 is closed, 9 pin of single-chip microcomputer are high level, trigger the single-chip microcomputer restarting systems that resets.
The present invention has following advantage:
The control parameter of prefabricated concrete chemical reaction in single-chip microcomputer, by changing the quantity of work magnetron, the power output of regulating microwave chemical reactor is on one's own initiative carried out chemical reaction safely and smoothly.
Description of drawings:
Fig. 1 is an initiatively power control system device block diagram of multi-magnetron microwave chemical reactor
101 single-chip microcomputers, 102 relays, 103 magnetrons.
Fig. 2 is the output power curve figure of the microwave chemical reactor of four magnetrons
Fig. 3 is the SCM program flow chart
Fig. 4 is the control circuit schematic diagram of the microwave chemical reactor of four magnetrons
The specific embodiment:
Below by embodiment the present invention is specifically described; be necessary to be pointed out that at this present embodiment only is used for the present invention is further specified; can not be interpreted as limiting the scope of the invention, the person skilled in the art in this field can make some nonessential improvement and adjustment according to the content of the invention described above.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, with installing active output control device able to programme in the microwave chemical reactor of n magnetron, single-chip microcomputer 101 is connected respectively with n magnetron 103 by n relay 102, the control parameter of chemical reaction is write the programmable single chip computer program, single-chip microcomputer make n relay be operated in that difference " is opened " by control circuit and the combination of " pass " in, control n magnetron and be in different duties, in the rapid rising of chemical reaction system temperature or before to microwave energy reflection sudden change arriving, it is individual that the quantity of magnetron of initiatively will work is reduced to m, m＜n, reduce the power output of microwave chemical reactor, the inhibition temperature sharply rises and makes the energy of reflected back microwave source remain on level of security, after leaving on pass, increase work magnetron quantity gradually, to increase the power of microwave chemical reactor, the stable output power of ACTIVE CONTROL microwave chemical reactor changes.
As shown in Figure 2, in the microwave chemical reactor with four magnetrons, certain chemical reaction increasing sharply of temperature and reflectance factor can occur when proceeding to the 6th minute.Therefore, just in advance initiatively reduce microwave power on the 5th minute, close magnetron 2, magnetron 3 and magnetron 4, only keep magnetron 1 work; The 6th minute, magnetron 2 was also started working, and had two magnetron work; The 7th minute, magnetron 3 was started working, and had 3 magnetron work; The 8th minute arrives, and magnetron 4 is started working, and has four magnetron work.By such active microwave power control, the critical days that can steadily tide over chemical reaction.
As shown in Figure 3, the flow process of the programmable single chip computer of four microwave magnetron chemical reactors realizes according to following steps.
1. external interrupt is closed in timer initialization.The P1 port of single-chip microcomputer 89C52 output high level, solid-state relay S1 to S4 is all closed, and magnetron 1 is all worked to 4.
2. judge whether timer arrived in 5 minutes, if arrive 5 minutes, the P1.0 port of single-chip microcomputer 89C52 output high level, all the other output low levels, solid-state relay S2, S3 and S4 disconnect, and only keep the S1 closure, and magnetron 1 work is only arranged.
3. judge whether timer arrived in 6 minutes, if arrive 6 minutes, the P1.0 of single-chip microcomputer 89C52 and P1.2 output high level, all the other output low levels, solid-state relay S3 and S4 disconnect, S1 and S2 closure.Magnetron 1 and magnetron 2 work.
4. judge whether timer arrived in 7 minutes, if arrive 7 minutes, the P1.0 of single-chip microcomputer 89C52, P1.2 and P1.4 output high level, all the other output low levels, solid-state relay S4 disconnects, S1, S2 and S3 closure.Magnetron 1, magnetron 2 and magnetron 3 work.
5. judge whether timer arrived in 8 minutes, if arrive 8 minutes, the P1.0 of single-chip microcomputer 89C52, P1.2, P1.4 and P1.6 output high level, all the other output low levels, solid-state relay S1, S2, S3 and S4 are all closed.Magnetron 1, magnetron 2, magnetron 3 and magnetron 4 work.
As shown in Figure 4, the control circuit principle of the microwave chemical reactor of four magnetrons is to be control chip with the single-chip microcomputer, and single-chip microcomputer is 89C52, according to being provided with of chip timer the solid-state relay switch is controlled.6MHz crystal oscillator Y1 and capacitor C 4 and C5 constitute oscillating circuit, produce the clock signal of 6MHz for single-chip microcomputer 89C52.Capacitor C 6, resistance R 2 and resistance R 3 constitute reset circuit.When press button SW2 was closed, 9 pin of 89C52 were high level, triggered the single-chip microcomputer 89C52 restarting systems that resets.Be the flow direction of example explanation control signal below with single-chip microcomputer P1.0 port:
When chip internal timer timing time then, produce timer and interrupt, P1.0 puts high level, by current-limiting resistance R28, triode Q1 conducting, and be in the saturation conduction state, the saturation voltage drop of Q1 is very low.The input voltage of solid-state relay S1 is a high voltage, and solid-state relay S1 opens, the circuit closed of magnetron 1, and magnetron 1 is started working.Triode Q1 adopts 9013NPN type triode, withstand voltage 30V.Solid-state relay SSR adopts the solid-state relay of OMRON G3MB model, and direct current conducting voltage 10V exchanges control and is output as 10A, and operating voltage is 220 ~ 240V.
Claims (3)
1. positive power control method for multiple magnetic-control tube microwave chemical reactor, it is characterized in that installing active output control device able to programme in the microwave chemical reactor of n magnetron, single-chip microcomputer (101) is connected respectively with n magnetron (103) by n relay (102), the control parameter of chemical reaction is write the programmable single chip computer program, single-chip microcomputer make n relay be operated in that difference " is opened " by control circuit and the combination of " pass " in, control n magnetron and be in different duties, n relay closes when timer is initial, n magnetron all worked, in the rapid rising of chemical reaction system temperature or before to microwave energy reflection sudden change arriving, whether the timing time of judging timer arrives, when the time arrives, the generation timer interrupts, m relay opened, m magnetron started working, m＜n, the quantity of magnetron of will working in this way reduces, the rest may be inferred, reduce the power output of microwave chemical reactor, the inhibition temperature sharply rises and makes the energy of reflected back microwave source remain on level of security, after leaving on pass, it is identical when initial with timer to increase work magnetron quantity gradually, to increase the power of microwave chemical reactor, the stable output power of ACTIVE CONTROL microwave chemical reactor changes.
2. positive power control method for multiple magnetic-control tube microwave chemical reactor according to claim 1 is characterized in that the programmable single chip computer program is:
When (1) timer is initial, close external interrupt, the P1.0 of single-chip microcomputer, P1.2, P1.4 and P1.6 port output high level, solid-state relay S1, S2, S3 and S4 closure, magnetron 1, magnetron 2, magnetron 3 and magnetron 4 work, when certain chemical reaction proceeds to the 6th minute, increasing sharply of temperature and reflectance factor can occur, just initiatively reduce in advance microwave power at the 5th minute;
(2) judge whether timer arrives 5 minutes, if arrive 5 minutes, the P1.0 port of single-chip microcomputer output high level, all the other output low levels, solid-state relay S2, S3 and S4 disconnect, and only keep the S1 closure, magnetron 1 work;
(3) judge whether timer arrives 6 minutes, if arrive 6 minutes, single-chip microcomputer P1.0 and P1.2 output high level, all the other output low levels, solid-state relay S3 and S4 disconnect, S1 and S2 closure, magnetron 1 and magnetron 2 work;
(4) judge whether timer arrives 7 minutes, if arrive 7 minutes, single-chip microcomputer P1.0, P1.2 and P1.4 output high level, all the other output low levels, solid-state relay S4 disconnects, S1, S2 and S3 closure, magnetron 1, magnetron 2 and magnetron 3 work;
(5) judge whether timer arrives 8 minutes, if arrive 8 minutes, single-chip microcomputer P1.0, P1.2, P1.4 and P1.6 output high level, all the other output low levels, solid-state relay S1, S2, S3 and S4 closure, magnetron 1, magnetron 2. magnetrons 3 and magnetron 4 work.
3. positive power control method for multiple magnetic-control tube microwave chemical reactor according to claim 1, it is characterized in that the control circuit principle is is control chip with the single-chip microcomputer, when chip internal timer timing time arrives, produce timer and interrupt, P1.0 puts high level, utilize current-limiting resistance R28, make triode Q1 conducting and be in saturation state, solid-state relay S1 imports high voltage, and solid-state relay S1 opens, the circuit closed of magnetron 1, magnetron 1 is started working;
6MHz crystal oscillator Y1 and capacitor C 4 and C5 constitute oscillating circuit, for the clock signal of single-chip microcomputer generation 6MHz, capacitor C 6, resistance R 2 and resistance R 3 constitute reset circuits, when press button SW2 is closed, 9 pin of single-chip microcomputer are high level, trigger the single-chip microcomputer restarting systems that resets.
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| CN102573162B (en) * | 2012-02-20 | 2013-10-16 | 四川大学 | Multi-magnetron microwave power intelligent control method adapted to time-varying load |
| CN109041316A (en) * | 2018-06-20 | 2018-12-18 | 广东美的厨房电器制造有限公司 | Control method, system and the micro-wave oven of microwave output |
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Patent Citations (5)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5317115A (en) * | 1991-12-23 | 1994-05-31 | Whirlpool Europe B.V. | Electronic control for a microwave oven |
| CN1149688A (en) * | 1995-08-14 | 1997-05-14 | Lg电子株式会社 | Control method for power relay of microwave oven |
| KR20050033374A (en) * | 2003-10-06 | 2005-04-12 | 엘지전자 주식회사 | A relay control method of microwave oven |
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