CN100407774C - Camera shoot device and control device for same - Google Patents
Camera shoot device and control device for same Download PDFInfo
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- CN100407774C CN100407774C CN2005100985771A CN200510098577A CN100407774C CN 100407774 C CN100407774 C CN 100407774C CN 2005100985771 A CN2005100985771 A CN 2005100985771A CN 200510098577 A CN200510098577 A CN 200510098577A CN 100407774 C CN100407774 C CN 100407774C
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Abstract
The present invention provides an image-taking apparatus having an image-pickup device which accumulates charge in accordance with an amount of light received thereon, a light-shielding device which changes a light-shielded area in the image-pickup device by causing a light-shielding blade to travel, the light-shielding blade shielding a light-receiving surface of the image-pickup device, a scan circuit which performs first scan for staring accumulation of charge for each area of the image-pickup device and performs second scan for reading the accumulated charge for each area of the image-pickup device, and a control circuit which calculates a travel characteristic of the light-shielding device based on an amount of first charge accumulated in a time period between one of the first and second scans and the travel of the light-shielding device.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of exposure control technology, this technology has been used the beginning of the electric charge accumulation in the control imaging apparatus simultaneously or has been read electronic shutter function regularly and the mechanical shutter function of covering the imaging apparatus sensitive surface with cover blade.
Background technology
The camera heads such as digital camera that the Type C CD that lines by line scan that possesses as imaging apparatus (below, be called PS-CCD) is arranged.If use this PS-CCD as imaging apparatus, then camera head by control from discharging behind the electric charge to the electric charge accumulating time that transmits institute's stored charge, the exposure status of the view data that may command obtains from the output of this imaging apparatus.When using PS-CCD as imaging apparatus, camera head is even without mechanical shutter also adjustable charge integration time, but for the generation that suppresses infiltration phenomenon (smear) preferably possesses mechanical shutter arranged.But, from the electric charge accumulation action back of finishing PS-CCD during by short time of mechanical shutter shading, because light beam arrives PS-CCD, so can not prevent the generation of infiltration phenomenon.In order to control the generation of this infiltration phenomenon, various technology have been proposed.
To this, as the cmos image sensor of XY address type imaging apparatus, compare the generation with infiltration phenomenon with CCD little of negligible advantage.In addition, because cmos image sensor is more advanced aspect the technological development of large scaleization, so in needs obtain the digital camera of the anti-type of list of large-scale imaging apparatus of high image quality view data easily, use mostly.
But the cmos image sensor of XY address type as so-called rolling (rolling) shutter, carries out the accumulation of electric charge with the timing that every row is different, can not finish the accumulation action in all pixels simultaneously.Because when exposing control integration time of electric charge of control cmos image sensor, in the initial row of scan line and last row during the accumulation deviation near a frame, so think that the subject shooting that is unsuitable for activity is a rest image.Therefore, used the mechanical shutter of the time for exposure that is used to control cmos image sensor.
At this, the required time quantum of timing advance electric charge accumulating time of reading action of signal level of the stored charge from each row is used for homing action of each row that the accumulation of the electric charge of cmos image sensor begins.The speed of this homing action also can be different from the sweep speed of reading action of the signal level of stored charge.Utilize these, in Japanese kokai publication hei 11-41523 communique, disclose with the speed that moves according to mechanical shutter and carried out the homing action of cmos image sensor line by line and the structure of the control that exposes.This spy opens disclosed structure in the flat 11-41523 communique, carry out line by line after homing action begins electric charge accumulation with the speed that moves according to mechanical shutter, use the mechanical shutter shading, carry out line by line thereafter stored charge signal level read action.By adjusting the interval that homing action and mechanical shutter move, can carry out the exposure control of view data.Owing to carry out homing action line by line with the speed that moves according to mechanical shutter, so can be with the initial row and the deviation of last integration time of going of scan line, be improved to and used the cover blade that possesses as preceding curtain (below, be called front vane) and same degree during as the mechanical shutter of the cover blade (below, be called rear blade) of back curtain.According to this structure, owing to used cmos image sensor, can enough CMOS carry out the rest image of activity subject and take so the infiltration phenomenon can suppress to take dynamic image the time can make shutter at a high speed simultaneously.
But the front vane of mechanical shutter and rear blade are normally driven by spring, and the absorption affinity of electromagnet is used in the maintenance on mobile starting position mostly.Therefore, because the posture of camera head is poor, the individual difference of the driving voltage of the electromagnet of temperature, humidity, maintenance mechanical shutter, mechanical shutter, through the time a plurality of influences such as variation, the curve of the mobility in the expression mechanical shutter (below, be called moving curve) not always constant.
Therefore, in order to carry out homing action with suitable timing, the detection system of the moving curve that detects mechanical shutter need be set and according to the reponse system of the timing of its testing result control homing action corresponding to moving of mechanical shutter.Disclosed structure in TOHKEMY 2005-159418 communique, at a plurality of Photo Interrupters of moving direction alignment arrangements of front vane, and mobile front vane is detected the moving curve of front vane by the output of Photo Interrupter.Figure 13 shows this structure.The 93rd, front vane, the 94th, rear blade, the 96th, imaging apparatus.The 90th, possess the blade testing agency that disposes a plurality of Photo Interrupter 90-1 at the moving direction of front vane 93, Photo Interrupter 90-1 has disposed illuminating part 91-1 and light accepting part 92-1 in the both sides of front vane.Obtaining the moving curve of front vane with moving of Photo Interrupter 90-1 detection front vane, is that benchmark infers that the moving curve of rear blade carries out homing action, is covered by rear blade with this moving curve.According to this structure, can infer in advance that the moving curve of rear blade controls the timing of homing action, but correspondingly make the maximization that becomes of the structure of shutter owing to be provided with Photo Interrupter.In addition, when near configuration optical sensor imaging apparatus, the other setting of needs does not make the light in the optical sensor incide the structure of the sensitive surface of imaging apparatus.Like this, about having, think room for improvement in addition with structure in the device that moves the structure of controlling the time for exposure of the blade of the homing action of imaging apparatus and mechanical shutter, that be used for the timing of suitable reset action.
Summary of the invention
At least one desirable execution mode provides following a kind of camera head, and this camera head possesses: imaging apparatus, and it is according to the light quantity stored charge that is subjected to light; Shade, it changes the lightproof area of imaging apparatus by the cover blade that moves the sensitive surface that covers imaging apparatus; Scanning circuit, its each zone to imaging apparatus are used to begin first scanning of electric charge accumulation, and each zone of imaging apparatus are used to read second scanning of the electric charge that is accumulated; Control circuit, its according to first scanning and second scanning any with shade mobile between the amount of first electric charge that accumulated, the mobility of computing shade.
In addition, another desirable execution mode provides following a kind of camera head at least, and this camera head possesses: imaging apparatus, and it is according to the light quantity stored charge that is subjected to light; Shade, it changes the lightproof area of imaging apparatus by the cover blade that moves the sensitive surface that covers imaging apparatus; Scanning circuit, its each zone to imaging apparatus are used to begin first scanning of electric charge accumulation, and each zone of imaging apparatus are used to read second scanning of the electric charge that is accumulated; Control circuit, its by according to first scanning and second scanning any with shade mobile between the amount of first electric charge that accumulated, the timing of first scanning is carried out in control, is adjusted at the quantity of electric charge that is accumulated between the moving of first scanning and shade.
In addition, another desirable execution mode provides following a kind of camera head at least, and this camera head possesses: imaging apparatus, and it is according to the light quantity stored charge that is subjected to light; Shade, it is by front vane that moves the sensitive surface that covers imaging apparatus or the lightproof area that rear blade changes imaging apparatus; Scanning circuit, its each zone to imaging apparatus are used to begin first scanning of electric charge accumulation, and each zone of imaging apparatus are used to read second scanning of the electric charge that is accumulated; Control circuit, its by according to from remove front vane to the shading of the sensitive surface of imaging apparatus after to carry out second scanning during first electric charge that accumulated amount, from carry out the first scanning back to carry out second scanning during the amount of second electric charge that accumulated, control first scanning regularly, thereby regulate from carrying out the tricharged amount that the first scanning back is accumulated during the shading of the sensitive surface that is carried out imaging apparatus by rear blade.
In addition, another desirable execution mode is provided for implementing the control method of the function of above-mentioned camera head at least, and above-mentioned camera head possesses: imaging apparatus, and it is according to the light quantity stored charge that is subjected to light; Shade, it changes the lightproof area of imaging apparatus by the cover blade that moves the sensitive surface that covers imaging apparatus; Scanning circuit, its each zone to imaging apparatus is used to begin first scanning of electric charge accumulation, and second scanning that each zone of imaging apparatus is used to read the electric charge that is accumulated, the control method of above-mentioned camera head has: obtain the operation of first electric charge, this first electric charge be first scanning of being undertaken by scanning circuit and second scanning any with the cover blade that undertaken by shade mobile between the electric charge that accumulated; Operational process, it is according to the amount of first electric charge, the mobility of computing shade.
In addition, another desirable execution mode is provided for implementing the control method of the function of above-mentioned camera head at least, and above-mentioned camera head possesses: imaging apparatus, and it is according to the light quantity stored charge that is subjected to light; Shade, it changes the lightproof area of imaging apparatus by the cover blade that moves the sensitive surface that covers imaging apparatus; Scanning circuit, its each zone to imaging apparatus is used to begin first scanning of electric charge accumulation, and second scanning that each zone of imaging apparatus is used to read the electric charge that is accumulated, the control method of above-mentioned camera head has: obtain the operation of first electric charge, this first electric charge be first scanning of being undertaken by scanning circuit and second scanning any with the cover blade that undertaken by shade mobile between the electric charge that accumulated; After control operation, scanning circuit were carried out first scanning with the timing of setting according to the amount of first electric charge, shade covered the sensitive surface of imaging apparatus.
In addition, another desirable execution mode is provided for implementing the control method of the function of above-mentioned camera head at least, and above-mentioned camera head possesses: imaging apparatus, and it is according to the light quantity stored charge that is subjected to light; Shade, it changes the lightproof area of imaging apparatus by the cover blade that moves the sensitive surface that covers imaging apparatus; Scanning circuit, its each zone to imaging apparatus is used to begin first scanning of electric charge accumulation, and second scanning that each zone of imaging apparatus is used to read the electric charge that is accumulated, the control method of above-mentioned camera head has: obtain the operation of first electric charge, this first electric charge is any and the electric charge that is undertaken by shade being accumulated between cover blade mobile in first scanning of being undertaken by scanning circuit and second scanning; Obtain the operation of second electric charge, this second electric charge be from undertaken by scanning circuit the first scanning back to carry out second scanning during the electric charge that accumulated; Obtain the operation of tricharged, this tricharged be from undertaken by scanning circuit the first scanning back to undertaken by shade the shading of imaging apparatus sensitive surface during the electric charge that accumulated, in the operation that obtains tricharged, according to the amount of first electric charge and the amount of second electric charge, first timing that scans that control is undertaken by scanning circuit.
In addition, another desirable execution mode is provided for implementing the control method of the function of above-mentioned camera head at least, and above-mentioned camera head possesses: imaging apparatus, and it is according to the light quantity stored charge that is subjected to light; Shade, it is by front vane that moves the sensitive surface that covers imaging apparatus or the lightproof area that rear blade changes imaging apparatus; Scanning circuit, it is used to begin first scanning of electric charge accumulation in each zone of imaging apparatus, and second scanning that in each zone of imaging apparatus, is used to read the electric charge that is accumulated, having of the control method of above-mentioned camera head: obtain the operation of first electric charge, this first electric charge be from the front vane of removing shade to the shading of the sensitive surface of imaging apparatus after to undertaken by scanning circuit second scanning during the electric charge that accumulated; Obtain the operation of second electric charge, this second electric charge be from undertaken by scanning circuit the first scanning back to carry out second scanning during the electric charge that accumulated; Obtain the operation of tricharged, this tricharged be from undertaken by scanning circuit the first scanning back carry out to rear blade by shade imaging apparatus sensitive surface shading during the electric charge that accumulated, in the operation that obtains tricharged, according to the amount of first electric charge and the amount of second electric charge, the timing of first scanning is carried out in control by scanning circuit.
In addition, another desirable execution mode is provided for implementing the control method of the function of above-mentioned camera head at least.
By below with reference to the detailed description of accompanying drawing to embodiment, more features of the present invention are conspicuous.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structure chart of the camera system relevant with first execution mode of the present invention.
Fig. 2 A and Fig. 2 B are the structure charts of the shutter device relevant with first execution mode of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the flow chart of the mechanical action of expression when taking the dynamic image of the subject be used for monitoring existing camera system.
Fig. 4 is the flow chart of the mechanical action of expression when taking the dynamic image of the subject be used for monitoring the camera system relevant with first execution mode of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of the structure of the imaging apparatus relevant with first execution mode of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is another schematic diagram of the imaging apparatus structure relevant with first execution mode of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is the figure that reads action substantially that is used to illustrate the imaging apparatus relevant with first execution mode of the present invention.
Fig. 8 observes the imaging apparatus relevant with first execution mode of the present invention and the figure of shutter device from object side.
Fig. 9 A be the expression be used to obtain W1 (figure of method v), W1 (v) represents the data about the distribution of the exposure relevant with first execution mode of the present invention; Fig. 9 B be expression be used to obtain W2 (figure of method v), (v) expression is used to obtain the data of the monochrome information of subject to W2; Fig. 9 C be expression utilize by W1 (v) and W2 (W3 that v) obtains (v) carries out the figure of the method for homing action.
Figure 10 is the structure chart of the shutter device relevant with second execution mode of the present invention.
Figure 11 is the flow chart of the mechanical action of expression when taking the dynamic image of the subject be used for monitoring the camera system relevant with second execution mode of the present invention.
Figure 12 A be the expression be used to obtain W1 (figure of method v), W1 (v) represents the data about the distribution of the exposure relevant with second execution mode of the present invention; Figure 12 B be expression be used to obtain W2 (figure of method v), (v) expression is used to obtain the data of the monochrome information of subject to W2; Figure 12 C be expression utilize by W1 (v) and W2 (W3 that v) obtains (v) carries out the figure of the method for homing action.
Figure 13 is to use existing Photo Interrupter to detect the structure chart of device of the mobility of front vane.
Embodiment
Below the explanation of at least one embodiment in fact only be exemplary, never be used to limit the present invention, its application or use.
No longer go through for the known processing of the those of ordinary skill in the correlative technology field, technology, device and material, but in suitable place with its part of book as an illustration.
Describe embodiment in detail below with reference to accompanying drawing.
First execution mode
Fig. 1 is the structure chart of the camera system relevant with first execution mode of the present invention.The camera system relevant with present embodiment has the camera body 100 and the exchange lens assembly 200 that is installed on the camera body 100 as camera head.This exchange lens assembly 200 also can not be loaded and unloaded on camera body 100, and constitutes one with camera body 100.
At first, the structure of exchanging in the lens assembly 200 is described.201 is pick-up lens, can move in the optical axis L direction.At this,, constitute by a plurality of lens groups in fact though in Fig. 1, only show lens in order to oversimplify.
The 202nd, camera lens CPU, the 203rd, the lens driving circuit, camera lens CPU202 is by the position of lens driving circuit 203 control pick-up lenss 201.In addition, camera lens CPU202 by exchanging lens assembly 200 sides communication contact 204 and the communication contact 113 of camera body 100 sides, communicate with camera cpu 101 in the camera body 100.
Below, the structure in the camera body 100 is described.
The 101st, camera cpu, the 102nd, reflection mirror component.The 103rd, finder optical system, the 104th, as the cmos image sensor of XY address type imaging apparatus.The 105th, as the focal plane shutter of mechanical shutter devices.Reflection mirror component 102 reflections are as the light beam of the shot object image that passes through pick-up lens 201, guiding finder optical system 103.This reflection mirror component 102 switches between (keeping out of the way) position with beam direction imaging apparatus 104 being positioned on the light path and with the position of beam direction finder optical system 103 with for avoiding from light path as shown in Figure 1.When the user monitored the appearance of subject by finder optical system 103, reflection mirror component 102 was positioned on the light path as shown in Figure 1.When taking rest image, when perhaps user's dynamic image of being presented at the subject on the image display circuit 110 by observation monitored the appearance of subject, reflection mirror component 102 was avoided from light path by jumping to the top of Fig. 1.
Object side at imaging apparatus 104 disposes shutter device 105, avoids from light path by the cover blade that makes shutter device 105, and light beam arrives imaging apparatus 104.
The 106th, fast gate drive circuit, the driving of control mechanical shutter devices 105.The 107th, pulse-generating circuit, the 108th, vertical drive modulation circuit.Pulse-generating circuit 107 is supplied with scan clock and control impuls to imaging apparatus 104.In addition, in the scan clock by pulse-generating circuit 107 generations, horizontal sweep is directly inputted in the imaging apparatus 104 with clock, and vertical scanning is modulated to assigned frequency by vertical drive modulation circuit 108 with clock frequency with clock and is input in the imaging apparatus 104.In addition, pulse-generating circuit 107 is also to signal processing circuit 109 clock signals.
The 109th, signal processing circuit, by the signal of reading from imaging apparatus 104 is implemented well-known analog, Digital Signal Processing generates view data.The 110th, the image display circuit of EVF (electronic viewfinder) etc. uses the display image data that produces in signal processing circuit 109 to show.The 111st, image storage circuit, the storage view data that will produce in signal processing circuit 109 stores the internal storage of camera body into or can be loaded and unloaded in the storage medium of camera body.
The 112nd, switch element comprises the switch that is used to set imaging conditions and operates, is used to begin to take warming-up exercise and take action and the switch of operation.
The camera system of present embodiment when taking rest image, is opened the open light path of front vane as described later, carries out the homing action of imaging apparatus 104, closes rear blade and blocks light path, and read the stored charge of imaging apparatus 104.When shooting is used to monitor the dynamic image of subject,, periodically carry out the action of reading of imaging apparatus 104 to open the state of the open light path of cover blade.
Fig. 2 A and Fig. 2 B are the structure charts of the shutter device 105 relevant with present embodiment.Fig. 2 A represents the state before the preceding curtain of shutter device 105 moves, and Fig. 2 B represents the state after the back curtain moves.The 301st, have the shutter base plate of fast door opening, 301a is fast door opening.The 302nd, preceding curtain slit forms blade, has the front vane slit and forms end 302a.303～305th, front vane covers blade, is designated as first front vane 303, second front vane 304, the 3rd front vane 305 successively.The 306th, the first arm that front vane is used, rotation be articulated in freely the axle 301d that is arranged on the shutter base plate 301 around, by the riveted joint pin 308a on the front that is arranged on this first arm 306 the front vane slit is formed blade 302 with respect to this first arm 306 rotations support freely.306a is the hole of drive pin of embed passing on the front vane driver part of actuating force such as spring force to front vane, by this hole 306a from the coaxial front vane driver part transferring power that is provided with rotating shaft of axle 301d.The 307th, second arm that front vane is used, rotation be articulated in freely the axle 301e that is arranged on the shutter base plate 301 around, by the riveted joint pin 309a on the front that is arranged on this second arm 307 the front vane slit is formed blade 302 with respect to this second arm 307 rotations support freely.Form the first arm 306 and second arm 307 that blade 302, front vane use by the front vane slit like this and form the parallel chain bar.Similarly, front vane covers in the blade, first front vane 303, second front vane 304, the 3rd front vane 305, be supported on the first arm 306 and the pars intermedia of second arm 307 that front vane is used freely, formation parallel chain bar by each riveted joint pin 308b and 309b, 308c and 309c, 308d and 309d rotation.More than, constituted front vane by 302～309 each parts as first shadow shield.
Rear blade is the structure identical with front vane, the 310th, and the rear blade slit forms blade, and 310a is that the rear blade slit forms end, 311～313rd, rear blade covers blade, is designated as first rear blade 311, second rear blade 312, the 3rd rear blade 313 successively.The 314th, the first arm that rear blade is used, rotation be articulated in freely the axle 301f that is arranged on the shutter base plate 301 around, by the riveted joint pin 316a on the front that is arranged on this arm the rear blade slit is formed blade 310 with respect to the first arm 314 rotation support freely.In addition, 314a is the hole of drive pin of embed passing on the rear blade driver part of actuating force such as spring force to rear blade, by this hole 314a from the coaxial rear blade driver part transferring power that is provided with rotating shaft of axle 301f.The 315th, second arm that rear blade is used, rotation be articulated in freely the axle 301g that is arranged on the shutter base plate 301 around, by the riveted joint pin 317a on the front that is arranged on this second arm 315 the rear blade slit is formed blade 310 with respect to second arm 315 rotation support freely.Form the first arm 314 and second arm 315 that blade 310, rear blade use by the rear blade slit like this and form the parallel chain bar.Similarly, rear blade covers in the blade, first rear blade 311, second rear blade 312, the 3rd rear blade 313 are supported on the pars intermedia of the first arm 314 and second arm 315 freely by each riveted joint pin 316b and 317b, 316c and 317c, 316d and 317d rotation, form the parallel chain bar.More than, constituted rear blade by 310～317 each parts as second shadow shield.
Fig. 3 is the flow chart of the mechanical action when taking the dynamic image that is used to monitor subject in the existing camera system of the difference that is illustrated in the driving timing of the front vane that utilizes mechanical shutter, the rear blade exposure control of carrying out rest image.
Monitor that with being used to the dynamic image of subject is presented at the image pickup mode of image display circuit 110 if camera body 100 is set to, then camera cpu 101 makes jumping on the reflection mirror component 102 and avoids from light path in step S1.Camera cpu 101 moves the front vane that covers fast door opening 301a in step S2, and front vane is avoided from fast door opening 301a.Camera cpu 101 makes imaging apparatus 104 periodically read action in step S3.Thus, can obtain being used to monitor the dynamic image data of subject.At this, when operating the release-push SW that is included in the switch element 112 by the user, camera cpu 101 moves rear blade and covers fast door opening 301a in step S4.The reflection mirror component 102 that camera cpu 101 will be avoided from light path in step S5 reduces and temporarily turns back on the light path, is used for front vane and rear blade are turned back to charging (the チ ヤ one ジ) action of mobile starting position.By this charging action, the front vane of shutter device 105 will cover fast door opening 301a.Camera cpu 101 carries out the homing action of imaging apparatus 104 in step S6, and mobile front vane makes front vane avoid from fast door opening 301a in step S7.And if passed through the time that is used to expose control and sets, then camera cpu 101 moves rear blade and covers fast door opening 301a by rear blade in step S8, and camera cpu 101 makes imaging apparatus 104 carry out the action of reading of stored charge in step S9.
In above-mentioned flow chart, camera cpu 101 is mobile front vane before shooting is used to monitor the dynamic image of subject, but need be when taking rest image mobile once more front vane.Therefore, before being about to take rest image, need at least front vane is charged.Remain on the mobile starting position even suppose not mobile rear blade in step S4, in step S5,, also need the charging action only to the structure of front vane charging.
The flow chart of the mechanical action the when dynamic image be used to monitor subject is taken in expression has been shown among Fig. 4 in the camera system in the present embodiment.In flow chart shown in Figure 4, the mobile front vane in order to take the dynamic image that is used to monitor subject, but when taking rest image, do not need mobile front vane.Therefore, before being about to take rest image, do not carry out the charging action of front vane.
Be presented at image pickup mode on the image display circuit 110 if be set to the dynamic image that will be used to monitor subject, then camera cpu 101 makes reflection mirror component 102 avoid from light path in step S11.Camera cpu 101 makes imaging apparatus 104 carry out homing action in step S12.Camera cpu 101 moves the front vane that covers fast door opening 301a in step S13, and front vane is avoided from fast door opening 301a.Camera cpu 101 makes imaging apparatus 104 read action in step S14, obtains to be used to infer the view data of the moving curve of rear blade.Camera cpu 101 makes imaging apparatus 104 periodically read action in step S15.Thus, can obtain being used to monitor the dynamic image data of subject.At this, when operating the release-push SW that is included in the switch element 112 by the user, camera cpu 101 moving curves according to the rear blade of being inferred in step S16 make imaging apparatus 104 carry out homing action.If in step S17 the homing action among the step S16 has been passed through the time that is used to expose control and sets as benchmark, then camera cpu 101 moves rear blade and covers fast door opening 301a by rear blade.And camera cpu 101 makes imaging apparatus 104 carry out the action of reading of stored charge in step S18.
Below, the structure and the action of the XY address type imaging apparatus 104 in the present embodiment described.At first, the schematic diagram of use Fig. 5, Fig. 6 describes the structure of imaging apparatus 104.
In Fig. 5, Fig. 6, the 1st, photodiode (below, be called PD), by light-to-current inversion light is transformed to electric charge, and accumulates by the electric charge after the light-to-current inversion according to exposure.The 2nd, transmission gate (below, be called TX) finishes in response to the accumulation of the electric charge among the PD1, for read output signal is sent to floating diffusion amplifier (below, be called FD) 3 with the electric charge that accumulates among the PD1.FD3 is transformed to voltage with the quantity of electric charge that accumulates among the PD1.
The 4th, select door (below, be called SEL), the selector switch when being the signal that reads out from FD3.The 5th, reset gate (below, be called RS) is for the stored charge among the PD1 that resets and the voltage among the FD3 and use.The 7th, block of pixels has PD1, TX2, FD3, SEL4, RS5.Imaging apparatus 104 in the imaging apparatus of 6,000,000 pixels, disposes 6,000,000 block of pixels 7 as the aggregate of a plurality of block of pixels and constitute.
Below, the action of imaging apparatus 104 is described.
At first, before the accumulation of beginning electric charge, carry out the homing action of PD1 and FD3 by RS5.Particularly, making TX2 and RS5 is conducting state.And, if TX2 and RS5 are cut-off state, then beginning electric charge accumulation in PD1.Because electric charge accumulates the electric charge vanishing of the FD3 of the zero hour, is conducting state so at first make SEL4, thereby signal is at this moment read on the vertical output line 10.And, the switch 16 of the circuit unit 8 that this output signal equates with the columns of imaging apparatus 104 by the quantity in the S-n circuit block shown in Figure 6 42, as the reset noise level storage in capacitor CTN17.In addition, φ PTN is used for the conducting state of control switch 16, the signal of cut-off state.
When having passed through the stipulated time, make TX2 become conducting state, thereby whole electric charges that will be accumulated in PD1 are sent to FD3 by TX2.And, after having passed through to the stand-by time of reading stored charge, make SEL4 become conducting state, thereby read output corresponding to stored charge from vertical output line 10.Output corresponding to above-mentioned stored charge is stored among the capacitor CTS12 by switch 11 as signal level.In addition, φ PTS is used for the conducting state of control switch 11, the signal of cut-off state.
By above-mentioned action, owing in each capacitor CTS12 and capacitor CTN17, store signal level and reset noise level, so make sense switch 13,18 become conducting state, by being connected to the accumulation signal that differential amplifier 15 has obtained to get rid of noise.This is identical with the function of the relevant double sampling (CDS) often used among the CCD that so-called reset noise is eliminated.The wiring stray capacitance of the incoming line of 14 and 19 expression differential amplifiers 15.
At this, suppose in opening pixel region 40 shown in Figure 6, to have 6,000,000 block of pixels 7.In addition, if the aspect ratio of pixel count is the ratio of 135 films, then disposes 3000 block of pixels 7 in the horizontal, dispose 2000 block of pixels 7 in the vertical.And the circuit unit 8 in the S-n circuit unit 42 has 3000.In addition, there is 1 in 43 in horizontal output portion.
On the other hand, vertical transfer register 41, according to selecting signal psi SEL, reset signal φ RS, transmit signal psi TX and make SEL4, RS5, TX2 become conducting state successively respectively, thereby can read action at vertical (column direction) of the opening pixel region 40 of imaging apparatus 104.At this, TX2 appears to be MOS transistor, but it is the transmission gate with the shift gate same type that exists between the PD of CCD and vertical CCD.
In the present embodiment, built-in photodiode and the little complete electric charge transmission gate of noise that does not produce dark current is illustrated as an example, but is to use photodiode commonly used and MOS transistor also can obtain same function.
Below, use Fig. 7, the structure of reading action substantially of above-mentioned imaging apparatus 104 is described.
(v), reset signal φ RS (v) and transmit signal psi TX (v) to represent to select signal psi SEL respectively from 3 signal waveform row of last beginning in 5 signal waveform row shown in Fig. 7 upside.Each signal can be thought the gate signal as the transistorized SEL4 of each nMOS, RS5, TX2.In addition, (the line number of v) having represented the vertical direction of imaging apparatus 104 among the figure.
Parallelogram figure shown in Fig. 7 downside shows the action of pixel in each row of imaging apparatus 104 on time shaft.In Fig. 7,50 be illustrated in the row that is positioned at the lower side in the opening pixel region 40 of shooting face of imaging apparatus 104 (below, be called the most descending), 51 are illustrated in the row that is positioned at the top side in the opening pixel region 40 of shooting face of imaging apparatus 104 (below, be called the most up).Therefore shot object image by pick-up lens 201 imaging on the shooting face of imaging apparatus 104 turns upside down, and for consistent with the above-below direction of the view data that obtains, be recited as at this and make to descend most in the behavior, go up most under the behavior.
If in timing 52, make the TX2 of each pixel in 50 and RS5 become conducting state simultaneously, the PD1 and the FD3 that then are included in each pixel in the most descending 50 are reset simultaneously, the accumulation of beginning electric charge.
Fig. 7 be explanation from the most descending to the most up beginning of carrying out the electric charge accumulation each row successively, electric charge accumulation end and the figure of the scroll actions of reading of stored charge.
If the homing action by PD1 in each pixel of the most descending 50 begins the electric charge accumulation, then after having passed through the time suitable, carry out the homing action in second row with the time of reading delegation.And next coming in order carry out resetting up to the most up 51 of PD1 with same intervals.53 have represented the timing of electric charge accumulation beginning in the most up 51.
Region representation shown in 56 the parallelogram is carrying out the zone (below, be called charge accumulation region) of electric charge accumulation.The stop timing of the electric charge accumulation in 54 expressions the most descending 50.At this, timing 54 can be thought the timing of reading action of the stored charge in the most descending 50.
The lateral length of charge accumulation region 56, promptly the times from timing 52 to timing 54 are the electric charge accumulating time Tint each row.When electric charge accumulation was through with in each row, the electric charge that is included in the pixel in each row transmits, carry out signal by column scan of each row read.
That is, as Fig. 7 58 shown in, at first become conducting state by the RS5 that makes each pixel, make the FD3 electric charge become empty FD homing action.And, become conducting state by SEL4 and the switch 16 that makes each pixel, read reset level and be stored among the capacitor CTN17.Immediately make TX2 become conducting state, thereby the electric charge of whole pixels is transmitted in the lump thereafter.
Then, make SEL4 and switch S 11 become conducting state, signal level is stored among the capacitor CTS12.Be included in the picture element signal in each row, all be accumulated in be provided with in quantity and the S-n circuit 42 that the pixel count of horizontal direction equates after, for example from the S-n circuit 42 that is present in Fig. 6 left side sequentially successively operant level read selector switch 13,18, thereby be input to successively in the differential amplifier 15.Thus, can scan, read whole pixel outputs of each row in the horizontal direction.
When the pixel of 1 row part finished to read action, vertical transfer register 41 carried out the action of reading of next line.And, all row are read action.The stop timing of reading action to all row is timing 55.
When reading action, the pulse that shown in 58, needs to produce various control signals, column scan is also read the electric charge accumulation signal of a plurality of pixels in each row, and therefore all row being finished to read action needs the time.
In addition, equate, need to set the line spacing of the timing that makes each row electric charge accumulation beginning for making the electric charge accumulating time of following from each row that goes downwards to most the most up scroll actions.In addition, when reading of delegation's end stored charge moved, in fact this row began next electric charge accumulation.The 57th, the scanning straight line is represented the most uply from going downwards to most, reads the scan characteristic of reading action of the position on the vertical direction of the timing of action and view data.
Below, use Fig. 8 and Fig. 9, the characteristic of present embodiment is described.Fig. 8 is the figure that observes the rear blade of imaging apparatus 104 and shutter device 105 from the object side of optical axis direction, the state when walking to midway of moving forward into of expression homing action and rear blade.
The 21st, the shooting face of imaging apparatus 104.The 22nd, rear blade, the part zone of in Fig. 8, having covered shooting face 21.The row (reset line) that stored charge is reset in the 23 expression imaging apparatuss 104.The position of reset line 23 expression electric charge accumulation beginnings.
Zone by the slit between the front end 24 of reset line 23 and rear blade 22 forms is charge accumulation region.And, in imaging apparatus 104,, promptly begin the back to the time that becomes the shading state by rear blade 22 from homing action by after the reset line 23, be the electric charge accumulating time of the exposure in this zone.In addition, electric charge accumulation beginning is regularly different in every row of imaging apparatus 104, early start electric charge accumulation action in the most descending as mentioned above, and in the most up, begin electric charge accumulation action at the latest.
Fig. 9 A, B, C are that the scanning of the explanation homing action that is used to make imaging apparatus 104 is regularly along the figure of the action of rear blade moving curve.That is, Fig. 9 A, B, C are the figure that is used to illustrate in the action of step S12 illustrated in fig. 4～step S14 and step S16～step S18 explanation.
In Fig. 9 A, 60 expression camera pictures.In camera picture 60, the personage is positioned at the picture center, and it is upper left that the sun is positioned at picture.In addition, the picture lower-left is because personage's shadow deepening.
Fig. 9 A is the figure that is used to illustrate the electric charge accumulation action of the shift action of following front vane.This action is at the image pickup mode that is presented at image display circuit 110 for the dynamic image that begins to be used for monitoring subject and carry out during mobile front vane.In Fig. 9 A, B, C, the longitudinal axis is represented the position on the above-below direction of shooting face of imaging apparatus 104, transverse axis express time.But,, set the longitudinal axis and make shooting face descend in the behavior most, go up most under the behavior for consistent with the direction of view data.
In Fig. 9 A, front vane moves to the most up 51 from shooting face the most descending 50 needs about 4ms.In the present embodiment, the resetting of electric charge in whole pixels of imaging apparatus 104 carried out in the timing 61 before front vane is moved.And,, carry out exposure to the shooting face of imaging apparatus 104 by mobile front vane.
Through behind the stipulated time t0, the electric charge of beginning imaging apparatus 104 is read action to front vane after the most descending the avoiding.The electric charge is here read action, is not to carry out the electric charge of all row is read, but only carries out skipping that specific a plurality of row carry out that electric charge reads.According to the moving curve of anticipation, carry out with the sweep speed of regulation.
At this, from carrying out behind the homing action being the electric charge accumulating time in the imaging apparatus 104 to the time of skipping.Since with skip differently with constant speed because front vane retouching the track shown in the moving curve 62 and move, move and the electric charge accumulating time of the exposure that begins (below, be called the integration time of exposing) so utilize, in every provisional capital difference by front vane.
That is, the moving curve 62 of front vane and expression time of skipping between the scanning straight line 63 of scan characteristic is exposure integration time.It is poor that this exposure produces according to the position on the vertical direction of imaging apparatus 104 integration time.The moving curve 62 of this exposure difference integration time expression front vane.Therefore, if can correctly detect the distribution of the exposure integration time on the vertical direction of imaging apparatus 104, then can obtain the moving curve 62 of front vane.
At this,,, just can obtain each of imaging apparatus 104 exposure integration time in capable in Zone Full only by only detecting by the resulting exposure of skipping (electric charge accumulation) when the lightness in the camera picture when being constant.And, expose integration time by obtaining each row, can obtain the moving curve 62 of front vane.But, in the actual exposure that obtains, to have added and relevant information exposure integration time, the information relevant with subject brightness is involved.
But it is very difficult making lightness in the camera picture constant in Zone Full.In addition, if be used for the constant processing of lightness in Zone Full makes camera picture, the time lag of the dynamic image data that is used to monitor subject will be had increased access to.Therefore, by from by removing the information relevant the above-mentioned view data that obtains of skipping, thereby obtain the information relevant with the integration time of exposing with subject brightness.
At this moment, the data relevant with exposure distribution (v) with respect to shown in the distance of datum line 68, are represented as the function of the vertical direction of imaging apparatus 104 as W1.That is, W1 (v) is illustrated in from the throwing picture (penetrating picture) of the view data that obtains during moving to of front vane skipped, i.e. electric charge accumulation in each row.
In addition, and follow the relevant data of exposure distribution of skipping, (v), be represented as the function of the vertical direction of imaging apparatus 104 as W3 with respect to datum line 68.At this, variable v is the value of the position of each row in the expression imaging apparatus 104, and establishing the most descending position is v=0.
For (v) derived data W3 (v), by the action shown in Fig. 9 B, comprises the obtaining of view data of the information relevant with subject brightness from data W 1.
In the past the blade pass the most descending timing 65 of crossing shooting face is made as t0 to the time that the most descending electric charge of following the shooting face of skipping accumulates stop timing 66.And, the electric charge accumulating time in each row is expressed as t (function v).
In the action shown in Fig. 9 A, also can read stored charge from whole pixels of imaging apparatus 104.
But, be that aforesaid about 4ms is different with the traveling time of front vane, if carry out reading of whole pixels, it is elongated with respect to the traveling time of front vane that then electric charge is read the required time.At this, behind the mobile front vane of the moving curve that obtains rear blade, make time of the state that shows the dynamic image that is used to monitor subject to carrying out mobile front vane, read required time quantum with prolonging above-mentioned electric charge.Therefore, electric charge is read the required time, and traveling time best and front vane is roughly the same.
In the present embodiment, by carrying out aforesaid skipping, make electric charge read the traveling time coupling of required time and front vane.
In addition, in the present embodiment, only carried out as mentioned above skipping that particular row carries out that electric charge reads, but also can read from carrying out electric charge corresponding to the pixel in part zone the shooting face.For example, can only in comprising imaging apparatus 104, carry out electric charge in the zone of a plurality of row (being not full row) and read action, or can in the zone that will comprise above-mentioned a plurality of row, remove and carry out electric charge in the zone of part row and read action.
Below, use Fig. 9 B explanation to be used for obtaining the action of the monochrome information of the subject that is included in camera picture.At this, as illustrated in the action of Fig. 9 A, front vane has finished to move, and the light beam of subject arrives the shooting face of imaging apparatus 104.
At first, to the most up 51, carry out homing action of each row from shooting face the most descending 50.And, passed through the stipulated time after, skip to upside from shooting face downside.At this, the sweep speed (translational speed of vertical direction) of the sweep speed of the vertical direction of homing action (translational speed of vertical direction), the vertical direction of skipping is configured to equate mutually.Therefore, the exposure integration time in all row is covert etc.The scanning straight line of 71 expression homing actions, the scanning straight line that 72 expressions are skipped.
(the exposure data that function representation is v) obtained by above-mentioned action (throwing picture), then this function is the function of the monochrome information of expression subject by W2.That is, (v), include information relevant and the information relevant,, then can (v) obtain the information relevant from W2 with subject brightness if in all row, make exposure constant integration time with subject brightness with the integration time of exposing in exposure data W 2.
Therefore, the data W 1 of camera cpu 101 by will being obtained by the action of Fig. 9 A (v) (v) carry out standardization, can access as the W3 of the data relevant with the distribution of exposure integration time (v) by the data W 2 that obtains divided by the action by Fig. 9 B.(v), can release the moving curve 62 of front vane from the data W 3 relevant with this distribution that exposes integration time.
At this, because the homing action of scanning shown in the straight line 71 can be used on the skipping shown in the scanning straight line 63, so carry out the action shown in Fig. 9 A and Fig. 9 B serially.As a result, the time when the action shown in Fig. 9 A forwards action shown in Fig. 9 B to can be roughly ignored, subject among Fig. 9 A and the changed condition between the subject among Fig. 9 B can be made seldom.Therefore, can (v) roughly get rid of the information relevant from W3 with the brightness of subject.
Therefore, camera cpu 101 (v) carries out the timing controlled of homing action, thereby can make the moving curve of the scan characteristic of reset line 23 and rear blade roughly consistent according to data W 3.Thus, can move the slit that forms by reset line 23 and rear blade, can in the group shot picture zone of imaging apparatus 104, make the time for exposure constant with constant width.
In addition, be roughly the same structure by making front vane and rear blade, can make the moving curve of these front vanes and rear blade roughly consistent.That is, can by the moving curve that detects front vane infer driving voltage, the mechanical shutter of the electromagnet of, temperature poor, humidity, maintenance mechanical shutter by the posture of camera head individual difference, through the time a plurality of influences such as variation rear blade moving curves of causing variation.
Thus, the scan characteristic of camera cpu 101 by making homing action and the moving curve coupling of front vane, the scan characteristic that can make homing action mates with the moving curve of rear blade.
The control of the homing action in each row of imaging apparatus 104 is T constantly, can be obtained by following formula.
T＝t(v)-t0×W3(v)/W3(0)
Following formula is that the electric charge accumulating time t0 in the most descending is a benchmark with shooting face, (v) deducts by each row exposure W3 (v) divided by the formula of the most up exposure W3 (0) to the electric charge accumulating time t that skips from each row.
If the action of reading of imaging apparatus 104 is then periodically carried out in the release of Fig. 9 B, begin to be used to monitor the shooting and the demonstration of the dynamic image of subject.And when showing dynamic image in image display circuit 110, when the user operated release-push SW, the rest image shown in beginning Fig. 9 C was taken.
At first, from the most descending to the most up beginning according to the above-mentioned control homing action each row of T constantly.And, behind the most descending homing action of beginning through moment of predefined time for exposure, open rear blade and mobile rear blade make rear blade the most descending to homing action.The scanning curve 74 of this homing action is roughly consistent with rear blade moving curve 75.And, finish the moving of rear blade after, read action to being about to most whole pixels of imaging apparatus 104 as object from the most descending.
Like this according to present embodiment, when the shooting of the dynamic image that is used to monitor subject forwards the shooting of rest image to, do not need the front vane charging, the operation that therefore can respond release-push SW directly forwards the shooting of rest image to.
As mentioned above, according to the camera system of present embodiment, owing to use the output of imaging apparatus to detect the moving curve of front vane, so do not need to use detection part such as other transducers to detect the moving curve of front vane.Therefore, do not need to make camera system maximization or cost to rise.And, can the individual difference of the driving voltage of the electromagnet that detects, temperature poor, humidity, maintenance mechanical shutter before the rest image that is about to make a video recording, mechanical shutter by the posture of camera head, through the time a plurality of influences such as variations, the therefore variation of the moving curve of the rear blade that can cause owing to these influences with high-accuracy compensation.
Second execution mode
Below, to second execution mode of the present invention, will describe as the center with the first execution mode difference.The basic structure of the camera system relevant with present embodiment and the camera system of relevant first execution mode are roughly the same.In the camera system of present embodiment, it is different with first execution mode that the shutter device 105 of camera body 100 does not possess this point of front vane.
Figure 10 is the structure chart of the shutter device 105 relevant with second execution mode of the present invention.The points different with the shutter device of first execution mode are, do not have the preceding curtain slit that constitutes front vane form blade 302, first front vane 303, second front vane 304, the 3rd front vane 305, front vane with the first arm 306, front vane with second arm 307, rivet pin 308a～308d, 309a～309d.That is, 105 of the shutter devices of present embodiment have rear blade.Only have by the rear blade slit and form blade 310, first rear blade 311, second rear blade 312, the 3rd rear blade 313, the first arm 314, second arm 315, rivet the rear blade that pin 316a～316d, 317a～317d constitute.
The flow chart of the mechanical action when taking the dynamic image be used to monitor subject has been shown among Figure 11 in the camera system in the present embodiment.In flow chart shown in Figure 11, before shooting was used to monitor the dynamic image of subject, mobile rear blade and obtaining was used to detect the picture signal of the moving curve of rear blade.Thus, begin to take be used to monitor the dynamic image of subject before, need be to the rear blade charging of moving.
Camera body 100 is set for and is used in the dynamic image that monitors subject when being presented at image pickup mode on the image display circuit 110, and camera cpu 101 makes to jump on the reflection mirror component 102 and avoids from light path in step S21.Camera cpu 101 makes imaging apparatus 104 carry out homing action in step S22, mobile rear blade in step S23.And camera cpu 101 makes imaging apparatus 104 read action in step S24, obtains to be used to obtain the view data of the moving curve of rear blade.Camera cpu 101 is used to make the rear blade after moving to turn back to the charging of moving beginning in step S25.Camera cpu 101 makes imaging apparatus 104 periodically read action in step S26.Thus, can obtain being used to monitor the dynamic image data of subject.At this, when operating the release-push SW that is included in the switch element 112 by the user, camera cpu 101 makes along the rear blade moving curve of obtaining and carries out homing action in step S27.After in step S28 the homing action among the step S27 having been passed through the time that is used to expose control and sets as benchmark, camera cpu 101 moves rear blade and covers fast door opening 301a by rear blade.And camera cpu 101 makes imaging apparatus 104 carry out the action of reading of stored charge in step S29.
Figure 12 A, B, C are illustrated as the figure of the scanning timing of the homing action that makes imaging apparatus 104 along the action of the moving curve of rear blade.Figure 12 A is different with Fig. 9 A, but Figure 12 B, C are identical with 9B, C respectively.
In Figure 12 A, 60 expression camera pictures.In camera picture 60, the personage is positioned at the picture center, and it is upper left that the sun is positioned at picture.In addition, picture lower-left deepening owing to personage's shadow.
Figure 12 A is the figure that is used to illustrate the electric charge accumulation action of the shift action of following rear blade.This action is carried out bringing into use before the dynamic image that monitors subject is presented at image pickup mode on the image display circuit 110.In Figure 12 A, B, C, the longitudinal axis is represented the position of shooting face on above-below direction of imaging apparatus 104, transverse axis express time.But, for consistent, set the longitudinal axis and make descending most in the behavior of shooting face with the direction of view data, go up most under the behavior.
In order to detect the moving curve of rear blade, at first, the sweep speed (translational speed of vertical direction) that makes homing action is for constant, from the most descending to the most up homing action that carries out line by line.Camera cpu 101 is from behind the most descending homing action of timing 85 beginnings, and moving of the timing 86 beginning rear blades that passed through stipulated time t0, thereby it is the most descending that rear blade is arrived.And after finishing the moving of rear blade, the electric charge of beginning imaging apparatus 104 is read action.The electric charge is here read action, also can not be all row to be carried out electric charge read, but only carry out skipping that specific a plurality of row carry out that electric charge reads.Read if all row are carried out electric charge, then can obtain the more accurate moving curve of rear blade.
At this, from carrying out behind the homing action being the electric charge accumulating time in the imaging apparatus 104 to the time of reading of carrying out stored charge.With to carry out homing action with constant speed shown in scanning straight line 81 different because rear blade retouching the track shown in the moving curve 82 and moving, so follow by rear blade move and the electric charge accumulating time (exposing integration time) of the exposure that begins in every provisional capital difference.
That is, the time between the moving curve 82 of the scanning straight line 81 of homing action and rear blade is for exposing integration time.It is poor that this exposure produces according to the position on the vertical direction of imaging apparatus 104 integration time.The moving curve 82 of this exposure difference integration time expression rear blade.Therefore, if can correctly detect the distribution of the exposure integration time on the vertical direction of imaging apparatus 104, then can obtain the moving curve 82 of rear blade.
Therefore, if camera cpu 101 is identical with first execution mode electric charge accumulation data in each row (is v) obtained as W1, then by the method identical with first execution mode obtain W2 (v), thus can obtain the W3 relevant (v) with the distribution of the integration time of exposing.
Afterwards, the camera cpu 101 control T constantly that obtains the homing action in each row of imaging apparatus 104 by following formula.
T＝t(v)+t0×W3(v)/W3(0)
Like this according to present embodiment, owing to use the output of imaging apparatus to detect the moving curve of rear blade, so do not need to use detection part such as other transducers to detect the moving curve of rear blade.Therefore, do not need to make camera system maximization or cost to rise.
In addition, in the present embodiment, with the exposure integration time between the moving curve 82 of the scanning straight line 81 of homing action and rear blade, obtain the moving curve that is used to try to achieve rear blade electric charge accumulation data W1 (v), but be not limited to this.Identical with first execution mode, also can use the moving curve of rear blade and integration time is obtained electric charge accumulation data W1 (v) in the exposure of reading between the scanning straight line of action.
In addition, shutter device 105 constitutes shade, and camera cpu 101 constitutes control circuit, and constitutes scanning circuit by vertical transfer register 41, S-n circuit 42, horizontal output portion 43, pulse-generating circuit 107 and vertical drive modulation circuit 108 etc.
In addition, in the respective embodiments described above, imaging apparatus 104 is illustrated as cmos image sensor, but imaging apparatus is so long as the XY address type just is not limited to cmos image sensor.
In reference example be described the while of the present invention, should be appreciated that the present invention is not limited to the disclosed embodiments.The scope of following claims meets the wideest explanation, to comprise all modifications, equivalent structure and function.
Claims (25)
1. camera head possesses: imaging apparatus, and it is according to the light quantity stored charge that is subjected to light; Shade, it changes the lightproof area of aforementioned imaging apparatus by the cover blade that moves the sensitive surface that covers aforementioned imaging apparatus; Scanning circuit, its each zone to aforementioned imaging apparatus are used to begin first scanning of electric charge accumulation, and each zone of aforementioned imaging apparatus is used to read second scanning of the electric charge of accumulation, it is characterized in that,
Have control circuit, its according to aforementioned first scanning and second scanning any with aforementioned shade mobile between the amount of first electric charge that accumulated, the mobility of the aforementioned shade of computing.
2. camera head according to claim 1, aforementioned scanning circuit changes the direction of aforementioned lightproof area at aforementioned shade, carries out aforementioned first scanning and aforementioned second scanning.
3. camera head according to claim 1, aforementioned control circuit according to the amount of aforementioned first electric charge and from carry out the aforementioned first scanning back to carry out aforementioned second scanning during the amount of second electric charge that accumulated, the mobility of the aforementioned shade of computing.
4. camera head according to claim 1, aforementioned first electric charge be from carry out the aforementioned first scanning back to aforementioned shade carry out the sensitive surface shading during the electric charge that accumulated.
5. camera head according to claim 1, aforementioned first electric charge be remove aforementioned shade to the shading of sensitive surface after to carry out aforementioned second scan during the electric charge that accumulated.
6. camera head according to claim 5, aforementioned scanning circuit carries out to obtaining aforementioned second scanning that aforementioned first electric charge carries out for a part of zone of aforementioned sensitive surface.
7. camera head according to claim 1, aforementioned mobility are meant, represent the characteristic of the shift position of aforementioned cover blade when aforementioned shade is mobile with respect to effluxion.
8. camera head according to claim 1, aforementioned control circuit are according to the aforementioned mobility of institute's computing, and the timing of aforementioned first scanning is carried out in control.
9. camera head possesses: imaging apparatus, and it is according to the light quantity stored charge that is subjected to light; Shade, it changes the lightproof area of aforementioned imaging apparatus by the cover blade that moves the sensitive surface that covers aforementioned imaging apparatus; Scanning circuit, its each zone to aforementioned imaging apparatus are used to begin first scanning of electric charge accumulation, and to second scanning that each zone of aforementioned imaging apparatus is used to read the electric charge that is accumulated, it is characterized in that,
Has control circuit, its by according to aforementioned first scanning and second scanning any with aforementioned shade mobile between the amount of first electric charge that accumulated, the timing of aforementioned first scanning is carried out in control, thereby is adjusted at the amount of the electric charge that is accumulated between aforementioned first scanning and aforementioned shade mobile.
10. camera head according to claim 9, aforementioned control circuit, according to the amount of the amount of aforementioned first electric charge and second electric charge that accumulated between aforementioned first scanning and aforementioned second scanning, the timing of aforementioned first scanning is carried out in control.
11. camera head according to claim 9, aforementioned control circuit, the timing of aforementioned first scanning is carried out in control, thereby make the curve shape of the position of expression scanning area with respect to the effluxion that carries out aforementioned first when scanning, the shift position of aforementioned cover blade is identical with respect to the curve shape of effluxion when mobile with the aforementioned shade of expression.
12. a camera head possesses: imaging apparatus, it is according to the light quantity stored charge that is subjected to light; Shade, it is by front vane that moves the sensitive surface that covers aforementioned imaging apparatus or the lightproof area that rear blade changes aforementioned imaging apparatus; Scanning circuit, its each zone to aforementioned imaging apparatus are used to begin first scanning of electric charge accumulation, and to second scanning that each zone of aforementioned imaging apparatus is used to read the electric charge that is accumulated, it is characterized in that,
Has control circuit, its by according to from remove aforementioned front vane to the shading of the sensitive surface of aforementioned imaging apparatus after to carry out aforementioned second scanning during first electric charge that accumulated amount, from carry out the aforementioned first scanning back to carry out aforementioned second scanning during the amount of second electric charge that accumulated, control aforementioned first scanning regularly, thereby regulate from carrying out the tricharged amount that the aforementioned first scanning back is accumulated during the shading of the sensitive surface that is carried out aforementioned imaging apparatus by aforementioned rear blade.
13. camera head according to claim 12, aforementioned control circuit is controlled aforementioned scanning circuit and driver part, and aforementioned second electric charge of aforementioned first charge ratio is obtained earlier.
14. the control method of a camera head, aforementioned camera head possesses: imaging apparatus, and it is according to the light quantity stored charge that is subjected to light; Shade, it changes the lightproof area of aforementioned imaging apparatus by the cover blade that moves the sensitive surface that covers aforementioned imaging apparatus; Scanning circuit, its each zone to aforementioned imaging apparatus is used to begin first scanning of electric charge accumulation, and second scanning that each zone of aforementioned imaging apparatus is used to read the electric charge that is accumulated, the control method of this camera head is characterised in that to have:
Obtain the operation of first electric charge, this first electric charge be aforementioned first scanning of being undertaken by aforementioned scanning circuit and second scanning any with the aforementioned cover blade that undertaken by aforementioned shade mobile between the electric charge that accumulated;
Operational process, it is according to the amount of aforementioned first electric charge, the mobility of the aforementioned shade of computing.
15. control method according to claim 14, in obtaining the operation of aforementioned first electric charge, aforementioned scanning circuit changes the direction of aforementioned lightproof area at aforementioned shade, carries out aforementioned first scanning or aforementioned second scanning.
16. control method according to claim 14, also has the operation that obtains second electric charge, this second electric charge be from carry out the aforementioned first scanning back to carry out aforementioned second scanning during the electric charge that accumulated, in aforementioned operational process, according to the amount of aforementioned first electric charge and the amount of aforementioned second electric charge, the mobility of the aforementioned shade of computing.
17. control method according to claim 14, in the operation that obtains aforementioned first electric charge, after aforementioned scanning circuit carried out aforementioned first scanning, aforementioned shade covered the sensitive surface of aforementioned imaging apparatus.
18. control method according to claim 14, in obtaining the operation of aforementioned first electric charge, after aforementioned shade was removed the shading of sensitive surface of aforementioned imaging apparatus, aforementioned scanning circuit carried out aforementioned second scanning.
19. control method according to claim 18, in the operation that obtains aforementioned first electric charge, aforementioned scanning circuit carries out aforementioned second scanning for a part of zone of aforementioned sensitive surface.
20. control method according to claim 14, aforementioned mobility are meant, represent the characteristic of the shift position of aforementioned cover blade when aforementioned shade is mobile with respect to effluxion.
21. control method according to claim 14 also has the control operation, it is according to the mobility of institute's computing in aforementioned operational process, and the timing of aforementioned first scanning is carried out in control.
22. the control method of a camera head, aforementioned camera head possesses: imaging apparatus, and it is according to the light quantity stored charge that is subjected to light; Shade, it changes the lightproof area of aforementioned imaging apparatus by the cover blade that moves the sensitive surface that covers aforementioned imaging apparatus; Scanning circuit, its each zone to aforementioned imaging apparatus is used to begin first scanning of electric charge accumulation, and second scanning that each zone of aforementioned imaging apparatus is used to read the electric charge that is accumulated, the control method of this camera head is characterised in that to have:
Obtain the operation of first electric charge, this first electric charge be aforementioned first scanning of being undertaken by aforementioned scanning circuit and second scanning any with the aforementioned cover blade that undertaken by aforementioned shade mobile between the electric charge that accumulated;
After control operation, aforementioned scanning circuit were carried out aforementioned first scanning with the timing of setting according to the amount of aforementioned first electric charge, aforementioned shade covered the sensitive surface of aforementioned imaging apparatus.
23. the control method of a camera head, aforementioned camera head possesses: imaging apparatus, and it is according to the light quantity stored charge that is subjected to light; Shade, it changes the lightproof area of aforementioned imaging apparatus by the cover blade that moves the sensitive surface that covers aforementioned imaging apparatus; Scanning circuit, its each zone to aforementioned imaging apparatus is used to begin first scanning of electric charge accumulation, and second scanning that each zone of aforementioned imaging apparatus is used to read the electric charge that is accumulated, the control method of this camera head is characterised in that to have:
Obtain the operation of first electric charge, this first electric charge is any and the electric charge that is undertaken by aforementioned shade being accumulated between aforementioned cover blade mobile in aforementioned first scanning of being undertaken by aforementioned scanning circuit and second scanning;
Obtain the operation of second electric charge, this second electric charge be from undertaken by aforementioned scanning circuit the aforementioned first scanning back to carry out aforementioned second scanning during the electric charge that accumulated;
Obtain the operation of tricharged, this tricharged be from undertaken by aforementioned scanning circuit the aforementioned first scanning back to undertaken by aforementioned shade the shading of aforementioned imaging apparatus sensitive surface during the electric charge that accumulated,
In the operation that obtains aforementioned tricharged, according to the amount of aforementioned first electric charge and the amount of aforementioned second electric charge, aforementioned first timing that scans that control is undertaken by aforementioned scanning circuit.
24. control method according to claim 23, in the operation that obtains described tricharged, aforementioned first timing that scans that control is undertaken by aforementioned scanning circuit, thereby make the curve shape of the position of expression scanning area with respect to the effluxion that carries out aforementioned first when scanning, the shift position of aforementioned cover blade is identical with respect to the curve shape of effluxion when mobile with the aforementioned shade of expression.
25. the control method of a camera head, aforementioned camera head possesses: imaging apparatus, and it is according to the light quantity stored charge that is subjected to light; Shade, it is by front vane that moves the sensitive surface that covers aforementioned imaging apparatus or the lightproof area that rear blade changes aforementioned imaging apparatus; Scanning circuit, it is used to begin first scanning of electric charge accumulation in each zone of aforementioned imaging apparatus, and second scanning that in each zone of aforementioned imaging apparatus, is used to read the electric charge that is accumulated, the control method of this camera head is characterised in that to have:
Obtain the operation of first electric charge, this first electric charge be from the front vane of removing aforementioned shade to the shading of the sensitive surface of aforementioned imaging apparatus after to undertaken by aforementioned scanning circuit aforementioned second scanning during the electric charge that accumulated;
Obtain the operation of second electric charge, this second electric charge be from undertaken by aforementioned scanning circuit the aforementioned first scanning back to carry out aforementioned second scanning during the electric charge that accumulated;
Obtain the operation of tricharged, this tricharged be from undertaken by aforementioned scanning circuit the aforementioned first scanning back carry out to rear blade by aforementioned shade aforementioned imaging apparatus sensitive surface shading during the electric charge that accumulated,
In the operation of aforementioned acquisition tricharged, according to the amount of aforementioned first electric charge and the amount of aforementioned second electric charge, the timing of aforementioned first scanning is carried out in control by aforementioned scanning circuit.
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| JP4931471B2 (en) * | 2006-04-27 | 2012-05-16 | 日本電産コパル株式会社 | Focal plane shutter for digital camera |
| JP4235660B2 (en) * | 2006-09-08 | 2009-03-11 | キヤノン株式会社 | Image processing apparatus and control method thereof |
| US7724301B2 (en) * | 2006-11-27 | 2010-05-25 | Nokia Corporation | Determination of mechanical shutter exposure time |
| JP5284132B2 (en) * | 2009-02-06 | 2013-09-11 | キヤノン株式会社 | Solid-state imaging device, imaging system, and driving method of imaging device |
| CN102685393B (en) * | 2011-03-07 | 2016-11-23 | 精工爱普生株式会社 | Digital camera and exposal control method thereof |
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| JPH0955883A (en) * | 1995-08-10 | 1997-02-25 | Sony Corp | Drive method for solid-state image pickup element |
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| CN1497953A (en) * | 2002-09-05 | 2004-05-19 | ��ʽ���綫֥ | Solid-state camera |
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| CN1744679A (en) | 2006-03-08 |
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