CN100401094C - Laser detection device for invisible flying target - Google Patents
Laser detection device for invisible flying target Download PDFInfo
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- CN100401094C CN100401094C CNB2006100256403A CN200610025640A CN100401094C CN 100401094 C CN100401094 C CN 100401094C CN B2006100256403 A CNB2006100256403 A CN B2006100256403A CN 200610025640 A CN200610025640 A CN 200610025640A CN 100401094 C CN100401094 C CN 100401094C
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Abstract
The laser detection device of a stealthy flight target, the apparatus is by the laser instrument, first spectroscope, second spectroscope, polarization beam splitter, 1/4 wave plate, telescope, holophote, switch and optical Doppler imaging detection device make up, its positional relationship is: the optical Doppler imaging detection device is characterized in that a first spectroscope, a polarization beam splitter, an 1/4 wave plate and a telescope are sequentially arranged on an optical axis of an output light beam of the laser, the first spectroscope and the polarization beam splitter are arranged at an angle of 45 degrees with the output light beam, a total reflection mirror is arranged in the direction of a reflected light beam of the first spectroscope, a second spectroscope is arranged at the intersection of a light path of the total reflection mirror, which passes through the switch, and a reflected light path of a laser echo of the polarization beam splitter, and forms an angle of 45 degrees with the light path, and the output light direction of the second spectroscope is provided with the optical Doppler imaging detection device. The device can determine the position, the height, the speed and the direction of the invisible target flying object.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to stealthy airbound target, particularly a kind of Laser Detecting Set that utilizes the stealthy airbound target of high-resolution laser-Doppler imaging technique is with speed, height and the directional information of obtaining stealthy airbound target.
Background technology
The monitoring of stealthy airbound target and detection have important effect in test and security fields.At present, stealthy antiradar coatings that stealthy airbound target adopts and structure be mainly at centimeter wave, and limited in one's ability to infrared and visible light, particularly near ultraviolet stealth technique difficulty is bigger.Therefore adopt microwave radar detecting stealthy airbound target, detectivity is limited, and range resolution is low, and anti-electronic interferences is poor.
Based on the Detection Techniques of height explanation laser-Doppler imaging can be real-time the scanning atmosphere, and carry out difference processing, when stealthy airbound target appears in the scanning field of view, can access the target scattering light signal, from Doppler shift amount and frequency shift amount change direction, just can from the background atmosphere, extract position, speed and the directional information of stealthy airbound target.High explanation laser-Doppler imaging technique has the spatial and temporal resolution height, and antijamming capability is strong, and good confidentiality realizes that easily ground moves or airborne platform is surveyed.
Summary of the invention
The present invention wants the problem of technical solution: overcome the deficiency of existing microwave system detectivity, a kind of Laser Detecting Set of stealthy airbound target is provided, to determine position, speed and the direction of target flying object.
Ultimate principle of the present invention is based on the direct detection method of high explanation laser-Doppler imaging, use stripe pattern type interferometer, linear array imaging detector is surveyed, and from the interference spectrum Doppler shift information of obtaining, determines position, speed and the direction of stealth target flying object.
Technical solution of the present invention is as follows:
A kind of Laser Detecting Set of stealthy airbound target, this device is by laser instrument, first spectroscope, second spectroscope, the polarization spectro sheet, quarter wave plate, telescope, completely reflecting mirror, switch and optics doppler imaging pick-up unit are formed, its position relation is: in turn be provided with first spectroscope on the optical axis of the output beam of described laser instrument, the polarization spectro sheet, quarter wave plate and telescope, described first spectroscope and polarization spectro sheet all with the setting at 45 of described output beam, be equipped with completely reflecting mirror in described first spectroscopical folded light beam direction, pass at the reflected light of this completely reflecting mirror the light path of described switch and described polarization spectro sheet return laser beam the reflected light light path the point of crossing and be equipped with second spectroscope with light path at 45ly, this second spectroscopical output light direction has described optics doppler imaging pick-up unit.
The formation of described optics doppler imaging pick-up unit is: be followed successively by from input light path: narrow band pass filter, beam expanding lens, multiple beam Feisuo (Fizeau) interferometer, interferometer temperature control seal box, imaging optical system, detector and have signal Processing and the computing machine of control module is formed, described computing machine receives on the one hand from detector information and carries out data processing, the output result of detection carries out stable synchro control to the work of the piezoelectric ceramics of interferometer temperature control seal box, switch and interferometer on the other hand.
Described laser instrument is a single longitudinal mode laser.
Described first spectroscope and second spectroscope are the high optical mirror slips that sees through low reflection, its transmitance 〉=99.5%.
By the polarization isolator that described polarization spectro sheet and quarter wave plate are formed, anti-reflection to the p polarized light, the s polarized light is all-trans.
Described telescope is the system that transmits and receives common optical axis.
Described detector is multichannel photomultiplier (PMT) detector or hyperchannel ccd detector.Switch 7 control reference lasers enter optics doppler imaging detection system 9, and the zero velocity reference position is provided, and by step motor control, per minute allows a laser pulse by getting final product.
The essence of the course of work of the Laser Detecting Set of the stealthy airbound target of the present invention is respectively the echo signal light of reference light and reception to be introduced the optics doppler imaging pick-up unit of high explanation by polarization isolator and switch, multichannel detector receives multiple beam Fizeau interferometer interference spectrum, the relation that is directly proportional according to the variation and the Doppler shift amount of interference spectrum center of gravity amplitude, evaluating objects flashlight and reference light interference spectrum centre of gravity place amplitude of variation, in the hope of the Doppler shift amount, the inverting target velocity, wherein echo signal light centre of gravity place carries out obtaining after difference deducts the The atmospheric background wind field to receiving light.And from interference spectrum centre of gravity place change direction, can judge target flight direction be along sight line near or away from measuring system.
Optimal design interferometer, its imaging Free Spectral Range is 7.5GHz, and for 355nm optical maser wavelength, the Doppler shift amount of ± 350m/s velocity variations correspondence is 4GHz, so the height explanation laser-Doppler imaging system of the present invention's design can cover very big velocity range.
The measuring process of detecting stealthy airbound target of the present invention comprises:
1) most of light transmission first spectroscope of laser instrument emission pulse laser, polarization spectro sheet and quarter wave plate and telescope enter atmosphere;
2) polarization isolator of polarization spectro sheet and quarter wave plate composition is carried out polarization isolation beam split to emission laser and received signal light.
3) telescopical emission laser and receiving telescope common optical axis, the target scattering flashlight that telescope receives sees through quarter wave plate, by the reflection of polarization spectro sheet, sees through second light splitting piece again and enters optics doppler imaging detection system;
4) seldom part emission laser reflects through first light splitting piece, by the switch and the second light splitting piece partial reflection, enters described doppler imaging detection system 9, as the reference light of zero velocity after the reflection of completely reflecting mirror 6;
5) target scattering flashlight of Jie Shouing and reference light enter optics doppler imaging detection system by switch control timesharing under the control of computing machine;
6) in optics doppler imaging detection system, computing machine is from the detector acquired information and through data processing, amplitude of variation and direction from the differential signal light relative reference interference of light striped centre of gravity place that deducts The atmospheric background, determine stealthy airbound target speed of direction of visual lines and direction, from definite distance of the mistiming of emission and back light, receive the elevation angle in conjunction with Laser emission and determine the target flying height.
The advantage that the present invention compared with prior art has is:
(1) the present invention has adopted laser-Doppler imaging measurement technology detecting stealthy airbound target, can remedy microwave technology detectivity deficiency.
(2) traditional relatively microwave radar anti-electromagnetic interference capability is strong, is quick on the draw.
(3) the present invention's detecting stealthy target flying speed simultaneously, direction and height, spatial and temporal resolution height.Can also inverting atmosphere wind speed.
(4) the present invention has adopted special striped image optics interferometer and line detector, detection efficiency height.
(5) the present invention has adopted the long piezoelectric ceramics regulating system of temperature control of interferometer two-stage and chamber, greatly reduces the influence that laser frequency drift and environmental change bring.
(6) principle of the invention is simple, is easy to realize.Adopt existing optics and electronic technology, this measuring system is easy to realize.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the one-piece construction block diagram of the stealthy airbound target Laser Detecting Set of the present invention
Fig. 2 is an optics Doppler shift detection system structural representation of the present invention
Fig. 3 is for when stealth target each flashlight spectrogram of interferometer during away from apparatus of the present invention
Fig. 4 is for when stealth target each flashlight spectrogram of interferometer during near apparatus of the present invention
Among the figure: the 1-emitting laser, 2-first light splitting piece, 3-second optical mirror slip, 4-the 3rd optical mirror slip, the 5-telescope, the 6-completely reflecting mirror, the 7-switch, 8-second light splitting piece, 9-optics Doppler shift pick-up unit, the 91-narrow band pass filter, the 92-beam expanding lens, the 93-interferometer, 94-interferometer temperature control seal box, the 95-imaging optical system, 96-detector and 97-signal Processing control module 10-reference light spectral line, 11-atmospheric scattering spectrum line, the scattered light spectral line of 12-target time stack atmosphere and target away from sniffer of the present invention, the target scattering spectrum line of 13-target during away from sniffer of the present invention, time stack atmosphere closes the scattered light spectral line of target to the 14-target near sniffer of the present invention, the target scattering spectrum line of 15-target during near sniffer of the present invention.
Embodiment
See also Fig. 1 earlier, Fig. 1 is the one-piece construction block diagram of the stealthy airbound target Laser Detecting Set of the present invention, as seen from the figure, the Laser Detecting Set of the stealthy airbound target of the present invention, by laser instrument 1, first spectroscope 2, second spectroscope 8, polarization spectro sheet 3, quarter wave plate 4, telescope 5, completely reflecting mirror 6, switch 7 and optics doppler imaging pick-up unit 9 are formed, its position relation is: in turn be provided with first spectroscope 2 on the optical axis of the output beam of described laser instrument 1, polarization spectro sheet 3, quarter wave plate 4 and telescope 5, described first spectroscope 2 and polarization spectro sheet 3 all with the setting at 45 of described output beam, folded light beam direction at described first spectroscope 2 is equipped with completely reflecting mirror 6, the light path of passing described switch 7 at the reflected light of this completely reflecting mirror 6 be equipped with second spectroscope 8 by the point of crossing of the reflected light path of described polarization spectro sheet 3 laser light reflected echoes and with light path at 45ly, the output light direction of this second spectroscope 8 has described optics doppler imaging pick-up unit 9.
The formation of described optics doppler imaging pick-up unit 9: be followed successively by: narrow band pass filter 91, beam expanding lens 92, multiple beam Fizeau interferometer 93, interferometer temperature control seal box 94, imaging optical system 95, detector 96 and have signal Processing and the computing machine of control module 97 is formed from input light path, described computing machine 97 receives on the one hand from the information of the detector 96 outputs line data of going forward side by side and handles, the output result of detection carries out stable synchro control to the work of the piezoelectric ceramics of interferometer temperature control seal box 94, switch 7 and interferometer on the other hand.
Described laser instrument 1 is a single longitudinal mode laser.Described first spectroscope 2, second spectroscope 8 are high optical mirror slips that see through low reflection, its transmitance 〉=99.5%.
By the polarization isolator that described polarization spectro sheet 3 and quarter wave plate 4 are formed, anti-reflection to the p polarized light, the s polarized light is all-trans.Target scattering flashlight to emission laser and reception is isolated beam splitting.
Described telescope 5 is the systems that transmit and receive common optical axis.
Described detector 96 is multichannel photomultiplier tube detectors or hyperchannel ccd detector.
Provide some concrete parameters of the embodiment of the invention below: said laser instrument 1 is repetition frequency 100Hz, single longitudinal mode laser.The transmitance of described first spectroscope 2 and second spectroscope 8 is about 99.5%, and said polarization isolator is anti-reflection to the p polarized light, the s polarized light is all-trans, and said telescope 5, the visual field can be regulated.The bore of described telescope 5 is 300mm, has both launched laser through it and has entered atmosphere, receives the echoed signal of airbound target scattering simultaneously.The effect of switch 7 is that the echoed signal light timesharing that guarantees reference laser and airbound target scattering enters optics Doppler shift pick-up unit 9, reference laser provides the position of the reference light spectral line 10 of zero velocity, can eliminate the error that laser instrument short-term frequency drift is brought simultaneously.The centre frequency of the narrow band pass filter 91 of optics Doppler shift detection system 9 is 355nm, bandwidth 0.2nm, and the peak transmitance has filtered the background sunshine greater than 65%, has improved signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio).The echoed signal light of the airbound target scattering of 92 pairs of receptions of 4 power beam expansion lens expands bundle, reduce to enter the angle of divergence of the echoed signal light of the reference light of described multiple beam Fizeau interferometer 93 or airbound target scattering, to satisfy 1 free spectrum imaging requirements, multiple beam Fizeau interferometer 93 Free Spectral Ranges are 7.5GHz, reflectivity is about 80%, multiple beam Fizeau interferometer is placed in the seal case 94 of two-stage temperature control, temperature stability is better than 0.01 ℃/24 hours, it is very little influenced by environmental change, image optics is 95 will be imaged on the PMT detector 96 with 8 passages at an interference spectrum, computing machine 97 can be handled spectral signal in real time, the speed that shows stealthy airbound target, height and direction, and the control interferometric cavity is long regulates and provide control signal for temperature control box.
Said narrow band pass filter 91 suppresses the background sunshine.The use of beam expanding lens 92, the angle of divergence that has further reduced to enter interferometer satisfies the requirement of 1 Free Spectral Range imaging angle.Interferometer 93 is a multiple beam Fizeau interferometer, this interferometer and traditional FP interferometer are similar, but its two to interfere between the flat board be not parallel, but a very little angle (about 1 second) is arranged, and the chamber is long and angle is that piezoelectric ceramics PZT is adjustable, and interferometer PZT control system adjusting angle makes to have only an interferometer striped to be in the visual field.Interferometer temperature control seal box 94 is steady operation for a long time.Signal Processing and control module 97 control interferometer temperature control seal boxs 94, and it is long to drive interferometer 93 piezoelectric ceramics adjusting chamber, its handles the signal that detector receives in addition.Fig. 2 or 3 is for reference light and received signal light enter the spectral signal figure of optics doppler imaging detection system 9, they represented respectively airbound target away from or situation during near detection system.
The detection process of the stealthy airbound target Laser Detecting Set of the present invention:
Stealthy airbound target parameter detection is achieved in that when target appears in the visual field, the spectrum of stack atmosphere and target scattering is 12 or 14, their atmospheric scattering spectrum 11 when not having target to occur before carries out the difference spectrum Flame Image Process, just can access the scattering spectrum 13 or 15 of target, calculate the probe access number of target optical spectrum centre of gravity place correspondence, make comparisons with the port number of the centre of gravity place correspondence of reference spectra 10 then, just can measure the speed height and the heading information of airbound target.
Claims (7)
1. the Laser Detecting Set of a stealthy airbound target, it is characterized in that: this device is by laser instrument (1), first spectroscope (2), second spectroscope (8), polarization spectro sheet (3), quarter wave plate (4), telescope (5), completely reflecting mirror (6), switch (7) and optics doppler imaging pick-up unit (9) are formed, its position relation is: in turn be provided with first spectroscope (2) on the optical axis of the output beam of described laser instrument (1), polarization spectro sheet (3), quarter wave plate (4) and telescope (5), described first spectroscope (2) and polarization spectro sheet (3) all with the setting at 45 of described output beam, folded light beam direction at described first spectroscope (2) is equipped with completely reflecting mirror (6), pass at the reflected light of this completely reflecting mirror (6) light path of described switch (7) and described polarization spectro sheet (3) return laser beam the reflected light light path the point of crossing and be equipped with second spectroscope (8) with light path at 45ly, the output light direction of this second spectroscope (8) has described optics doppler imaging pick-up unit (9).
2. the Laser Detecting Set of stealthy airbound target according to claim 1, the formation that it is characterized in that described optics doppler imaging pick-up unit (9): be followed successively by: narrow band pass filter (91) from input light path, beam expanding lens (92), multiple beam Fizeau interferometer (93), interferometer temperature control seal box (94), imaging optical system (95), detector (96) and have signal Processing and the computing machine of control module (97) is formed, described computing machine (97) receives on the one hand and carries out data processing from the information of detector (96), the output result of detection is on the other hand for relating to instrument temperature control seal box (94), stable synchro control is carried out in the work of the piezoelectric ceramics of switch (7) and interferometer.
3. the Laser Detecting Set of stealthy airbound target according to claim 1 is characterized in that described laser instrument (1) is a single longitudinal mode laser.
4. the Laser Detecting Set of stealthy airbound target according to claim 1 is characterized in that described first spectroscope (2), second spectroscope (8) are the high optical mirror slips that sees through low reflection, its transmitance 〉=99.5%.
5. the Laser Detecting Set of stealthy airbound target according to claim 1 is characterized in that the polarization isolator be made up of described polarization spectro sheet (3) and quarter wave plate (4), and is anti-reflection to the p polarized light, and the s polarized light is all-trans.
6. the Laser Detecting Set of stealthy airbound target according to claim 1 is characterized in that described telescope (5) is the system that transmits and receives common optical axis.
7. the Laser Detecting Set of stealthy airbound target according to claim 2 is characterized in that described detector (96) is multichannel photomultiplier tube detectors or hyperchannel ccd detector.
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CN106291580B (en) * | 2015-06-12 | 2019-08-23 | 上海珏芯光电科技有限公司 | Laser infrared radar imaging system |
CN105445750B (en) * | 2015-11-25 | 2018-10-02 | 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所 | Doppler frequency shift frequency discriminator |
CN105785343A (en) * | 2016-04-29 | 2016-07-20 | 中国科学院电子学研究所 | Spacial multi-beam laser emitter, multichannel receiving apparatus and detection apparatus |
CN110109132A (en) * | 2019-04-16 | 2019-08-09 | 北京遥感设备研究所 | A kind of light feeds back the laser detection system of main wave signal |
CN110162735B (en) * | 2019-07-04 | 2023-07-14 | 北京缔科新技术研究院(有限合伙) | Ballistic trajectory calculation method and system based on laser ranging telescope |
CN112987013A (en) * | 2021-02-26 | 2021-06-18 | 西安工业大学 | System and method for measuring speed of shot in chamber |
CN114384539B (en) * | 2021-12-21 | 2023-06-30 | 中国科学院光电技术研究所 | Absorption spectrum line phase shift speed measurement method based on background light synchronous difference |
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CN1367877A (en) * | 1999-07-19 | 2002-09-04 | 古莱特有限公司 | Laser motion detectors |
CN2890950Y (en) * | 2006-04-12 | 2007-04-18 | 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所 | Laser detection device for invisible flying target |
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