CN100391654C - Antigravity vacuum sucking cast process for preparing aluminium base composite material - Google Patents
Antigravity vacuum sucking cast process for preparing aluminium base composite material Download PDFInfo
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- CN100391654C CN100391654C CNB2005100298863A CN200510029886A CN100391654C CN 100391654 C CN100391654 C CN 100391654C CN B2005100298863 A CNB2005100298863 A CN B2005100298863A CN 200510029886 A CN200510029886 A CN 200510029886A CN 100391654 C CN100391654 C CN 100391654C
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- inert gas
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Abstract
The present invention relates to an antigravity vacuum sucking cast process for preparing aluminium base composite materials, which belongs to the technical field of casting. The method has the following steps: (1) a composite material is heated and melted in a crucible and then is stirred under the protection of an inert gas; (2) the inert gas is turned off, a middle spacing plate is closed, and a refining is carried out by vacuum pumping; (3) the inert gas is turned on after the vacuum refining is ended; the crucible surface is protected by the flow of the inert gas; a riser tube, a mold cavity and a sleeve barrel are installed; (4) an upper cavity is pumped to a vacuum state; liquid metal is filled to the mold under antigravity; (5) after the mold cavity is filled, an investing time is maintained; then, the inert gas in a lower cavity is pressurized; the composite material is fed and solidified under the dual effects of vacuum in the upper cavity and pressurization in the lower cavity. The present invention adopts a melting mold shell prepared from the fire-resistant material of a quartz and silicon aluminium series, avoids the defect of evanescent mold sucking cast and uses a solidification mode of pressurizing the lower cavity. The present invention greatly improves the mechanical property of castings of aluminium base composite materials and can form complicated castings of aluminium base composite materials with thin walls. The present invention has the advantages of high productive efficiency and high casting precision.
Description
Technical field
That the present invention relates to is a kind of preparation method's of casting technology field, particularly a kind of aluminum matrix composite antigravity suction pouring preparation method.
Background technology
The casting method of aluminum alloy part is more relatively, and commonly used has: the low pressure casting that permanent mold casting, compression casting and the lost foam casting of gravity lower charging type casting solidification and antigravity lower charging type solidify, counter-pressure casting, fusible pattern are inhaled casting etc.Antigravity casting is a method of utilizing pressure differential antigravity ground pouring liquid metal.In order to overcome the limitation of common Countergravity casting method, that is: require casting mold to have preferably gas permeability, require casting mold to have higher intensity; In addition, very easily oxidation, the air-breathing when aluminium alloy under the liquid state contacts with air needs the additional gas protection usually during easily a large amount of oxide inclusion and the pores of formation in foundry goods, so aluminum alloy melting cast.
Through the literature search of prior art is found, Chinese patent application number: 02115638, denomination of invention: " magnesium, Antigravitational vacuum method and apparatus for asting mg allor or al alloy with lost mould ", this patent adopts the method for model casting to be shaped to magnesium, aluminium alloy.After this method adopts disappearance mould apperance to put into sandbox, add molding sand, vibration ramming when the antigravity founding casing with vacuum of magnesium, aluminium alloy; Add protective gas during cast, the methods such as inert gas of logical controllable pressure prepare magnesium, aluminium alloy castings in the pouring furnace.But practice shows that lost foam casting all has very high requirement to technological parameters such as expanded material, surperficial fireproof coating, dry sand granularity and distribution, casting alloy fusing point, smelting temperature, pouring temperature, poring rate, casting case vacuum and the speed of evacuations, otherwise the defectives such as sand, burning into sand, leakage, carbon deposit, surface galling scab that will occur collapsing.
The preparation technology of particles reiforced metal-base composition mainly comprises powder metallurgy, and spray casting has and presses or pressure-free impregnation, stirs compound etc.Can directly carry out the shaping of intricate casting by stirring after compound, therefore this method has very strong potentiality.From the principle, any casting method can both be used for the composite casting, but because the too late matrix alloy of the mobile performance of composite, so the shaping over-borrowing of composite helps pressure or centrifugal force.Particulate reinforced composite is a heterogeneous material, so the mold-filling capacity of material not only depends on the character and the technological parameter of matrix alloy, also depends on concentration and the distribution of particle in melt.Total trend is that along with the increase of distribution of particles, the fluid ability of material reduces.The test result of screw type sample is that when volume fraction was increased to 15%, liquidity reduced about half.Because Composite Melt and matrix alloy viscosity differ greatly, so show different flow performances.Therefore adopt the patent 02115638 can not forming aluminum base composite material, up to now, the data report that does not also have aluminum matrix composite antigravity suction pouring to be shaped.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to the deficiencies in the prior art and defective, a kind of antigravity suction pouring preparation method of aluminum matrix composite is provided, its method with the antigravity suction pouring is applied in the preparation of aluminium-base composite material member.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions, and the present invention adopts antigravity suction pouring method forming aluminum base composite material, and step is as follows:
(1) under inert gas shielding, composite stirs after the heat fused in crucible;
(2) close inert gas, the median septum that closes vacuumizes refining;
(3) after vacuum refining finished, stalk, die cavity and sleeve were installed in logical rapidly inert gas shielding under gas shield;
(4) epicoele vacuumizes, and liquid metal is at antigravity situation lower charging type;
(5) after die cavity is full of, keep investing time, increase the pressure of cavity of resorption inert gas then, composite feeding under the double action of epicoele vacuum, the logical inertia air pressure of cavity of resorption, solidify.
In the step (1), composite heat fused temperature is: 680-750 ℃, inert gas is: N
2Or Ar
2, mixing time is: 15-50min.
In the step (2), aluminum matrix composite adopts and vacuumizes refining, and refining time is: 5-40min.
In the step (3), die cavity is the quartz of good permeability, the fusible pattern formwork of sial series refractory material preparation.
In the step (4), cavity of resorption is constant, and epicoele vacuumizes, and liquid metal is at antigravity situation lower charging type, and epicoele vacuum is when filling type :-0.1--0.03MPa.
In the step (5), from fill type begin to the time that is full of die cavity be: 5-20s, fill the investing time that keeps behind the type and be: 1-10s, the pressure of composite cavity of resorption inert gas is: 0.1-0.5MPa, solidify the dwell time and be: 1-5min.
The particle enhanced aluminum-based composite material molten metal is than the easy oxidation of molten aluminium alloy, and the existence of particle makes the aluminum oxide film of alloy liquid surface compact become lax, and logical inert gas can prevent its oxidation; The melt cast temperature is too high, and oxidation is serious, mobile variation, and then fill the type difficulty, pouring temperature is low excessively, then can be difficult to the filling casting mold because the composite molten metal flows the property difference again; Keep reducing the content of hydrogen in the alloy liquid in a vacuum, this vacuum time is long, equally can be because sedimentation reunions etc. are former thereby influence performance, and particle (comprises TiB
2, TiC SiC) exists sedimentation and agglomeration traits in aluminum matrix composite, therefore need to stir.Keep-up pressure the regular hour during crust, can be so that solidify, and have certain intensity near the metal liquid of mo(U)ld face, like this in follow-up high pressure solidification stages, can not increase too fastly because of pressure, and damage casting mold.Adopt good permeability, but the fusible pattern formwork of the quartz of bearing certain pressure, the preparation of sial series refractory material is used for the antigravity suction pouring, a series of problems that the mould suction pouring of can avoiding disappearing brings; Adopt the shaping characteristic of this method bonded composite, can realize that the antigravity suction pouring of aluminum matrix composite is shaped.
The present invention has proposed the suction pouring preparation method of aluminum matrix composite first, has provided the technological parameter of composite suction pouring first, has solved the existing moulding problem of aluminum current based composites.The type mode of filling that adopts epicoele to vacuumize can avoid owing casting flaws such as casting and oxide inclusion; Employing has the quartz of certain intensity, the fusible pattern formwork of sial series refractory material preparation, the many defectives of lost foam casting influence factor have been avoided, as technological parameters such as expanded material, surperficial fireproof coating, dry sand granularity and distribution, casting alloy fusing point, smelting temperature, pouring temperature, poring rate, casting case vacuum and the speed of evacuation are all had very high requirement, and the defectives such as sand, burning into sand, leakage, carbon deposit, surface galling scab of collapsing can not appear.The invention enables aluminum matrix composite foundry goods mechanical performance to improve greatly, and can be fit to large-scale production.
The specific embodiment
Provide following examples in conjunction with content of the present invention:
Embodiment 1:
With 5wt.%TiB
2p/ ZL109 composite leads to N 680 ℃ of fusings
2Protection, 15min is stirred in the fusing back, and the median septum that closes is closed N
2, cavity of resorption vacuumizes refining, refining time 5min, and after vacuum refining finished, cavity of resorption led to N
2, the melt after the protection refining is installed stalk, die cavity and sleeve, and after installing, epicoele vacuumizes, and epicoele vacuum reaches-0.03MPa in 5s, keeps vacuum 1s, and cavity of resorption leads to N
2, following cavity pressure reaches 0.1MPa, behind the 1min, closes vacuum, closes N
2, fill type and finish, dismantle sleeve and die cavity, pickup.The T5 attitude mechanical property of the material of preparation: σ
b=355Mpa; σ
0.2=323Mpa; δ=3.5%; E=82.1Gpa.
Embodiment 2:
With 12wt.%TiC
p/ ZL101 composite leads to Ar 750 ℃ of fusings
2Protection, 50min is stirred in the fusing back, and the median septum that closes is closed Ar
2, cavity of resorption vacuumizes refining, refining time 40min, and after vacuum refining finished, cavity of resorption led to Ar
2, the melt after the protection refining is installed stalk, die cavity and sleeve, and after installing, epicoele vacuumizes, and epicoele vacuum reaches-0.1MPa in 20s, keeps vacuum 10s, and cavity of resorption leads to Ar
2, following cavity pressure reaches 0.5MPa, behind the 5min, closes vacuum, closes Ar
2, fill type and finish, dismantle sleeve and die cavity, pickup.The T6 attitude mechanical property of the material of preparation: σ
b=435Mpa; σ
0.2=417Mpa; δ=1.2%; E=86.7Gpa.
Embodiment 3:
With (4wt.%TiB
2+ 4wt.%TiC)/the ZL114 composite is 720 ℃ of fusings, logical N
2Protection, 30min is stirred in the fusing back, and the median septum that closes is closed N
2, cavity of resorption vacuumizes refining, refining time 20min, and after vacuum refining finished, cavity of resorption led to N
2, the melt after the protection refining is installed stalk, die cavity and sleeve, and after installing, epicoele vacuumizes, and epicoele vacuum reaches-0.07MPa in 10s, keeps vacuum 5s, and cavity of resorption leads to N
2, following cavity pressure reaches 0.3MPa, behind the 3min, closes vacuum, closes N
2, fill type and finish, dismantle sleeve and die cavity, pickup.The T6 attitude mechanical property of the material of preparation: σ
b=383Mpa; σ
0.2=353Mpa; δ=3.3%; E=83.8Gpa.
Claims (5)
1. aluminum matrix composite antigravity suction pouring preparation method is characterized in that step is as follows:
(1) under inert gas shielding, composite stirs after the heat fused in crucible;
(2) close inert gas, the median septum that closes vacuumizes refining, and refining time is: 5-40min;
(3) after vacuum refining finished, stalk, die cavity and sleeve were installed in logical rapidly inert gas shielding under gas shield;
(4) epicoele vacuumizes, and liquid metal is at antigravity situation lower charging type, and epicoele vacuum is when filling type :-0.1--0.03MPa;
(5) after die cavity is full of, keep investing time, increase the pressure of cavity of resorption inert gas then, composite feeding under the double action of the logical inertia air pressure of epicoele vacuum, cavity of resorption, solidify, wherein: from fill type begin to the time that is full of die cavity be: 5-20s, fill the investing time that keeps behind the type and be: 1-10s; The pressure of composite cavity of resorption inert gas is: 0.1-0.5MPa, solidify the dwell time and be: 1-5min.
2. the antigravity suction pouring preparation method of aluminum matrix composite according to claim 1 is characterized in that, in the step (1), inert gas is: N
2Or Ar
2
3. according to the antigravity suction pouring preparation method of claim 1 or 2 described aluminum matrix composites, it is characterized in that in the step (1), composite heat fused temperature is: 680-750 ℃.
4. according to the antigravity suction pouring preparation method of claim 1 or 2 described aluminum matrix composites, it is characterized in that in the step (1), mixing time is: 15-50min.
5. the antigravity suction pouring preparation method of aluminum matrix composite according to claim 1 is characterized in that, in the step (3), die cavity is a fusible pattern formwork quartzy, the preparation of sial series refractory material.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2005100298863A CN100391654C (en) | 2005-09-22 | 2005-09-22 | Antigravity vacuum sucking cast process for preparing aluminium base composite material |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2005100298863A CN100391654C (en) | 2005-09-22 | 2005-09-22 | Antigravity vacuum sucking cast process for preparing aluminium base composite material |
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| CN1739890A CN1739890A (en) | 2006-03-01 |
| CN100391654C true CN100391654C (en) | 2008-06-04 |
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Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101844220A (en) * | 2010-05-28 | 2010-09-29 | 常州市博海铸件制造有限公司 | Suction injecting method and device for vacuum negative pressure lost foam |
| CN102009163B (en) * | 2010-12-07 | 2012-07-04 | 陕西宏远航空锻造有限责任公司 | Cast method of ZL101 and ZL116 aluminium alloy investment castings |
| CN103480808B (en) * | 2013-09-05 | 2016-03-02 | 通裕重工股份有限公司 | Vacuum pouring inert gas breaks empty technique |
| CN117884603A (en) * | 2024-03-18 | 2024-04-16 | 北京航空航天大学 | Vacuum pressure-regulating casting method for aluminum-based composite brake disc |
Citations (5)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4726414A (en) * | 1985-06-18 | 1988-02-23 | Etude Et Developpement En Metallurgie (S.A.R.L.) | Low-pressure isostatic casting process and machine |
| CN88102623A (en) * | 1987-05-07 | 1988-12-14 | 金属铸造技术公司 | The equipment of countergravity casting of metal with air exclusion and method |
| US4889177A (en) * | 1987-06-11 | 1989-12-26 | Cegedur Societe De Transformation De L'aluminium Pechiney | Method and apparatus for sand moulding composite articles with a die made of light alloy and a fibrous insert |
| CN1071870A (en) * | 1992-10-21 | 1993-05-12 | 航空航天工业部第六二一研究所 | Process for suction casting of al-base composite fuse plug |
| CN1555947A (en) * | 2004-01-06 | 2004-12-22 | 王一诚 | Sand mould negative pressure gravity casting method |
-
2005
- 2005-09-22 CN CNB2005100298863A patent/CN100391654C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4726414A (en) * | 1985-06-18 | 1988-02-23 | Etude Et Developpement En Metallurgie (S.A.R.L.) | Low-pressure isostatic casting process and machine |
| CN88102623A (en) * | 1987-05-07 | 1988-12-14 | 金属铸造技术公司 | The equipment of countergravity casting of metal with air exclusion and method |
| US4889177A (en) * | 1987-06-11 | 1989-12-26 | Cegedur Societe De Transformation De L'aluminium Pechiney | Method and apparatus for sand moulding composite articles with a die made of light alloy and a fibrous insert |
| CN1071870A (en) * | 1992-10-21 | 1993-05-12 | 航空航天工业部第六二一研究所 | Process for suction casting of al-base composite fuse plug |
| CN1555947A (en) * | 2004-01-06 | 2004-12-22 | 王一诚 | Sand mould negative pressure gravity casting method |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| 颗粒增强型铝基复合材料搅熔工艺研究. 柴跃生等.太原重型机械学院学报，第21卷第4期. 2000 |
| 颗粒增强型铝基复合材料搅熔工艺研究. 柴跃生等.太原重型机械学院学报，第21卷第4期. 2000 * |
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Granted publication date: 20080604 Termination date: 20100922 |