CN100388996C - Electrodischarge machining method for working non-conductive ceramic utilizing conductive magnetic powder - Google Patents
Electrodischarge machining method for working non-conductive ceramic utilizing conductive magnetic powder Download PDFInfo
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- CN100388996C CN100388996C CNB2005101115022A CN200510111502A CN100388996C CN 100388996 C CN100388996 C CN 100388996C CN B2005101115022 A CNB2005101115022 A CN B2005101115022A CN 200510111502 A CN200510111502 A CN 200510111502A CN 100388996 C CN100388996 C CN 100388996C
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Abstract
The present invention relates to an electrical discharge machining method for machining non-conducting ceramic by using conducting magnetic powder, which belongs to the field of special machining. The method has the following steps: 1) an electromagnet device is arranged on a worktable of an electrical discharge machine and is in the same shape as a workpiece; 2) non-conducting ceramic is clamped on an electromagnet; 3) conducting magnetic powder is laid on the surface of the non-conducting ceramic; 4) the conducting magnetic powder is used as one end of an electrode to form an electrode pair with a metal electrode; 5) a power supply of the electromagnet is switched on, and the conducting magnetic powder is adsorbed on the surface of the non-conducting ceramic; 6) main electrical discharge machining parameters are set; 7) electrical discharge machining is implemented. According to the method, the electromagnet is arranged below the non-conducting ceramic and is used for generating a magnetic field, and the conducting magnetic powder is adsorbed on the surface of the non-conducting ceramic under the action of the magnetic field. The conducting magnetic powder and the metal electrode form the electrode pair, so that an initial electrical discharge condition is formed. In machining process, the method is adapted to a cutter lift of the electrode in order to control the on-off of the electromagnet and adjust the distribution of the conducting magnetic powder on a machining surface. The present invention has the advantages of economy, convenience, reliability and simple operation.
Description
Technical field
What the present invention relates to is the processing method in a kind of special processing technology field, specifically is a kind of discharge-treating method that utilizes conductive magnetic powder processing non-conductive ceramic.
Background technology
Discharge processing must be all to possess a kind of hot-working method that just can carry out under the condition of conduction the electrode pair both sides.Because non-conductive ceramic do not have electric conductivity, thus can not be directly with it as a side of the electrode pair processing of discharging.To must make processed non-conductive ceramic surface of the work possess the condition of discharge processing to its processing of discharging.By former study, the discharge-treating method of existing at present processing insulating ceramics material.This method is to go out conductive film (or thin slice) in the non-conductive ceramic surface preparation to form conductive condition, is beneficial to discharge processing.Wherein the preparation of this auxiliary electrode film is the key that realizes this method.
Find through literature search prior art, people such as Japan Fu Zekang are at " the Electricity mood adds engineering meeting Chi " Vol.29, No.60, " the putting the い Jue Vela materials processing of Electricity Jia Gong Machine The " of delivering on 1995 (uses discharging processing machine processing insulating ceramics, " electric processing association "), this article has been introduced the discharge process of insulating ceramics material: add man-hour, on the workpiece to be machined surface, press a scale copper or wire netting as auxiliary electrode, on tool-electrode and auxiliary electrode, insert the both positive and negative polarity of the pulse power respectively, and put into the oils working solution, when pulse voltage is added to two interpolars, just between tool-electrode and auxiliary electrode, produce spark discharge.Because auxiliary electrode material is very thin, in the time of this material fusing, vaporization, under the osmosis of energy, the insulating ceramics surface also can produce fusing, vaporization and processedly fall.On the other hand, under the long pulse width condition, dissolve, vaporize blast and the effect of splashing in the discharge process, make ceramic surface adhere to a chromatography carbon and an electrode material easily, be conductive film (metal+carbon), form insulating properties conductivity ceramics surface and can produce the condition of discharge processing, continue to repeat the discharge processing that said process can be realized non-conductive ceramic.But in actual process, because the adsorptivity inhomogeneous (thickness is also inhomogeneous) of nature " generation conducting film " and ceramic surface, binding ability is poor, more easily peel off in the processing, and thickness forms unadjustablely naturally, cause discharge often unstable, the degree of depth that can process is more shallow, and be mainly used under the long pulse width condition, be not easy for short pulse width, i.e. fine finishining.On the other hand, when needs are processed a collection of part, must on each piece surface, all to press (or stickup) conductive metal sheet (or net), therefore the making of additional conductive film is comparatively loaded down with trivial details, add that the equipment of making auxiliary electrode is expensive, make that whole processing cost is higher, time-consuming taking a lot of work can be subjected to more restriction during application.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to the deficiency on the prior art, a kind of discharge-treating method that utilizes conductive magnetic powder processing non-conductive ceramic is proposed, make it that electromagnet is installed below non-conductive ceramic, the magnetic field that utilizes electromagnet to produce, conductive magnetic powder is adsorbed on the surface of non-conductive ceramic, form electrode pair with metal (copper) electrode, form initial discharging condition; In the processing, adapt with the cutter lifting of electrode, the break-make of control electromagnet is adjusted the distribution of conductive magnetic powder at machined surface, reaches conductive magnetic powder to be distributed be tending towards uniform purpose, so that discharge processing can be carried out sustainedly and stably.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions, and concrete steps are as follows:
1) at first lay electromagnet apparatus on the workbench of discharging processing machine, electromagnet apparatus is made up of electromagnet and on-off controller, and the shape of electromagnet is identical with workpiece;
2) clamping non-conductive ceramic on electromagnet;
3) lay conductive magnetic powder at this ceramic surface;
4) conductive magnetic powder is formed electrode pair as an end and the metal electrode of electrode;
5) connect electromagnet power supply, conductive magnetic powder will be attracted to ceramic surface;
6) set main discharge machined parameters (electric current 6A, voltage 90V, pulse width 16 μ s, pulse spacings 16 μ s, cutter lifting number of times 4, working depth 1.2mm);
7) processing of discharging.
Wherein, electromagnet apparatus and electrode cutter lifting have following matching relationship: during the electrode cutter lifting, and the electromagnet outage; When electrode descends, the electromagnet energising.
The present invention installs electromagnet apparatus below non-conductive ceramic, the magnetic field that utilizes electromagnet to produce is adsorbed on conductive magnetic powder on the surface of non-conductive ceramic, forms electrode pair with metal (copper) electrode, forms initial discharging condition.When electrode and conductive magnetic powder two ends add pulse voltage, at first produce disruptive discharge at interpolar breakdown strength the weakest point, because infiltration, transfer function, discharge heat energy sees through conductive magnetic powder and can make the non-conductive ceramic surface dissolve, vaporize to form the etch pit that discharges, thereby the local processed of workpiece material fallen.In disruptive discharge, the melting end branch of conductive magnetic powder is attached to ceramic surface.Carrying out along with discharge, conductive magnetic powder is adsorbed on the discharge face of non-conductive ceramic by electromagnet all the time, add and analyse carbon, formed, the conductive magnetic powder of fusing and analyse carbon and electrode material is the hybrid conductive layer of assisting based on conductive magnetic powder in the adhering to of non-conductive ceramic surface.This with regard to for discharge processing reliable, continue to have created very advantageous conditions.On the other hand, when using kerosene as working fluid, be accompanied by the cutter lifting of electrode, pressure is cut off the power supply to electromagnet, make the conductive magnetic powder of this moment not be subjected to the effect of electromagnetism absorption affinity, under " stirring " effect of cutter lifting, the conductive magnetic powder on the discharge face is with from machined surface, enter in the working fluid, make conductive magnetic powder sneak into more equably, be suspended in the kerosene working fluid.When electrode descended, electromagnet was switched on once more, and conductive magnetic powder just can be attracted on the machined surface more equably.So just can form stable, good conduction, discharging condition.Continue said process, just can stablize, carry out reliably the discharge processing of non-conductive ceramic.
Compared with prior art, beneficial effect of the present invention: 1) owing to electromagnet conductive magnetic powder is adsorbed on surface of the work, initial conduction, the discharging condition of Xing Chenging and press (stickup) metallic plate (or wire netting) and compare economy makes things convenient for like this, and be reliably, simple to operate; 2) in discharge processing, based on conductive magnetic powder, the conductive magnetic powder that dissolves and analyse carbon and electrode material is auxilliary, formed conduction, discharging condition are compared with the conduction discharging condition of the conducting film that only forms naturally through overdischarge, want much superior on uniformity, reliability, machinability and the controllability of conductive condition; 3) because the conduction discharging condition is mainly born by conductive magnetic powder, do not have too many relation and irrelevant,, can be used for short pulse width (fine finishining) yet so this method both can be used for long pulse width (roughing) with polarity with pulse width; 4) when a collection of part of processing, as long as make an electromagnet, as long as lay conductive magnetic powder again, it was convenient to change workpiece when workpiece was changed, and non-cutting time is few, the time and labour saving, and the efficient height, cost is low, and is simple to operation, reliable; 5) because the suction-operated of electromagnet the phenomenon that conductive layer peels off can not occur, greatly improved non-conductive ceramic and added the problem that discharge instability in man-hour, conducting film thickness are unadjustable, inhomogeneous, be easy to peel off; 6) can be used for the processing of other non-conducting materials and than deep hole machining; 7) by changing the electromagnet shape, regulating magnet can enlarge the processing scope of application to the absorption affinity of conductive magnetic powder; 8) when using different conductive magnetic powder, can also carry out upgrading, modification processing to discharging surface.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 the inventive method schematic diagram
The specific embodiment
Content in conjunction with the inventive method provides following examples, and concrete steps are as follows:
(1) as shown in Figure 1, and present embodiment electromagnet apparatus employing circular electromagnets and magnet switching controller (require: during the electrode cutter lifting, the electromagnet outage; When electrode descends, the electromagnet energising.Electromagnet shape: circle);
(2) on the main shaft of discharging processing machine (a large amount of Electronics Equipment Co., Ltd in Taiwan produce discharging processing machine troop pnc) processing is installed and uses copper electrode, diameter 5*50mm also connects negative electrode;
(3) lay electromagnet on the workbench of discharging processing machine, the on-off controller input of electromagnet links to each other with the cutter lifting control end of the switch board of discharging processing machine, and output links to each other with electromagnet, and at electromagnet middle position clamping non-conductive ceramic Si
3N
4(size: Φ 25*3mm);
(4) lay one deck conductive magnetic powder on the non-conductive ceramic surface, thickness is about 0.5mm.On the non-conductive ceramic that leaves the about 5mm of electrode centers place, push down conductive magnetic powder and fixing with copper coin (that is: conduction contiguous block).This copper coin connects anode, and promptly conductive magnetic powder connects anode;
(5) starting electromagnet makes conductive magnetic powder be adsorbed on the non-conductive ceramic surface;
(6) set main discharge machined parameters: floating voltage 90V, discharge current 6A, pulse width 16 μ s, pulse spacings 16 μ s; Cutter lifting 4 times, working depth 1.2mm.
(7) give feed tank feed flow (kerosene), do not dash oil pumping, start and carry out the processing button, completion of processing is taken out workpiece.Can obtain diameter and be about 6 ~ 7mm, be about the discharge machined surface of 0.5mm deeply.
Implementation result:
Hence one can see that: 1) electromagnet is conductive magnetic powder can be adsorbed on surface of the work, and forms initial conduction, discharging condition, compares with pressing (stickup) metallic plate (or wire netting), and is simple, convenient; 2) owing to pulse width in the processing is provided with less, only be 16 μ s, promptly under the condition of almost not analysing carbon, process, therefore the material of work in-process formation conduction, discharge must be conductive magnetic powder rather than analyse carbon, illustrate that simultaneously this method both can be used for long pulse width (roughing), also can be used for short pulse width (fine finishining); 3) processing example thus can also know, as long as make electromagnet, for batch process, needs only after changing finished piece(s) and lays conductive magnetic powder again at surface to be machined, the replacing workpiece is convenient, and non-cutting time is few, the time and labour saving, the efficient height, cost is low, and is simple to operation, reliable.
Claims (3)
1. discharge-treating method that utilizes conductive magnetic powder processing non-conductive ceramic is characterized in that concrete steps are as follows:
1) at first lay electromagnet apparatus on the workbench of discharging processing machine, electromagnet apparatus is made up of electromagnet and on-off controller, and the shape of electromagnet is identical with workpiece;
2) clamping non-conductive ceramic on electromagnet;
3) lay conductive magnetic powder at this ceramic surface;
4) conductive magnetic powder is formed electrode pair as an end and the metal electrode of electrode;
5) connect electromagnet power supply, conductive magnetic powder will be attracted to ceramic surface;
6) set the discharge machined parameters;
7) processing of discharging.
2. the discharge-treating method that utilizes conductive magnetic powder processing non-conductive ceramic according to claim 1 is characterized in that described electromagnet apparatus has following matching relationship with the electrode cutter lifting: during the electrode cutter lifting, and the electromagnet outage; When electrode descends, the electromagnet energising.
3. the discharge-treating method that utilizes conductive magnetic powder processing non-conductive ceramic according to claim 1 is characterized in that described discharge machined parameters is specially: electric current 6A, voltage 90V, pulse width 16 μ s, pulse spacings 16 μ s.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CNB2005101115022A CN100388996C (en) | 2005-12-15 | 2005-12-15 | Electrodischarge machining method for working non-conductive ceramic utilizing conductive magnetic powder |
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| CNB2005101115022A CN100388996C (en) | 2005-12-15 | 2005-12-15 | Electrodischarge machining method for working non-conductive ceramic utilizing conductive magnetic powder |
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| CN1775441A CN1775441A (en) | 2006-05-24 |
| CN100388996C true CN100388996C (en) | 2008-05-21 |
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| CN102601468B (en) * | 2012-03-23 | 2014-02-26 | 华南理工大学 | Self-repairing electromagnetic polarity tool and discharging processing method |
| JP5778650B2 (en) * | 2012-10-11 | 2015-09-16 | ファナック株式会社 | Wire electric discharge machine and wire electric discharge machining method |
| CN103342913B (en) * | 2013-06-17 | 2015-07-01 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Conductive coating material for insulating-ceramic electrosparking technology and method for preparing auxiliary electrode by the conductive coating material |
| CN103406611B (en) * | 2013-08-08 | 2016-06-08 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | A kind of auxiliary electrode suitable in curved surface insulating ceramics spark machined |
| CN103433576B (en) * | 2013-09-13 | 2015-10-07 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | A kind of self-induction-Nei of insulative ceramic coatings metal rushes liquid electric discharge machining method |
| CN103692034B (en) * | 2013-12-19 | 2016-01-06 | 华南理工大学 | A kind of device complex-shaped outer surface being carried out to electric discharge processing |
| CN106944685B (en) * | 2017-05-08 | 2020-01-07 | 广东工业大学 | Electrolytic machining method for ball nut raceway outlet |
| CN107511933B (en) * | 2017-07-20 | 2019-03-08 | 郑州轻工业学院 | Spray the device and method of the spark discharge processing non-conductive ceramic of low-temperature alloy |
| CN112122722B (en) * | 2020-09-28 | 2021-10-01 | 合肥工业大学 | Complicated profile plate electrolytic machining device controlled by magnetic force |
| CN112475491B (en) * | 2020-11-20 | 2022-02-22 | 大连工业大学 | Bipolar electrode electric spark machining device and method suitable for insulating hard and brittle materials |
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| US5489756A (en) * | 1994-10-28 | 1996-02-06 | Corning Incorporated | Slot fabrication by electrical discharge machining |
| CN2342925Y (en) * | 1997-11-28 | 1999-10-13 | 辽宁工学院 | Ultrasonic electrolyzing discharging composite working device for nonconducting material |
| CN1261833A (en) * | 1998-05-13 | 2000-08-02 | 三菱电机株式会社 | Method and device for treating tool surface |
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4992639A (en) * | 1988-10-26 | 1991-02-12 | Rolls-Royce Plc | Combined EDM and ultrasonic drilling |
| US5489756A (en) * | 1994-10-28 | 1996-02-06 | Corning Incorporated | Slot fabrication by electrical discharge machining |
| CN2342925Y (en) * | 1997-11-28 | 1999-10-13 | 辽宁工学院 | Ultrasonic electrolyzing discharging composite working device for nonconducting material |
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Non-Patent Citations (4)
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