CN100386642C - Monitoring device of power generator real time power angle - Google Patents
Monitoring device of power generator real time power angle Download PDFInfo
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- CN100386642C CN100386642C CNB2005100451454A CN200510045145A CN100386642C CN 100386642 C CN100386642 C CN 100386642C CN B2005100451454 A CNB2005100451454 A CN B2005100451454A CN 200510045145 A CN200510045145 A CN 200510045145A CN 100386642 C CN100386642 C CN 100386642C
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a monitoring device of a real-time power angle of a generator, which comprises a CPU module, a GPS module, a rotor pulse sampling and optoelectronic isolation circuit, a hardware clock and signal collecting circuit, a keyboard and display module, a power supply module, etc. Firstly, a global positioning system (GPS) sends clock information and obtains current accurate time, and meanwhile, pulse signals emitted by a photoelectric sensor on a rotor of the generator are collected by utilizing a rotor pulse collection circuit and a signal collection circuit so as to monitor the position of the rotor of the generator in real time and to obtain inner electric potential phase of the generator; voltage phase on the end of the generator is obtained through data communication; finally, the power angle is obtained by calculating phase difference between the inner electric potential phase of the generator and the voltage phase on the end of the generator. The present invention has the characteristics of high measurement precision, fast response, low cost, small volume.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to directly measure in real time the rotor-position of generator and the device at merit angle.
Background technology
Along with development economic and society, the scale of electric system enlarges day by day, and supervision and control that power system safety and stability is moved have proposed stricter requirement.Merit angle in the electric system is the most direct physical quantity of reflection system stability state, but in default of the high precision synchronous clock, the voltage phasor of each node synchronization and merit angle in the directly acquisition system of electric system for a long time.Along with the U.S. is open to civilian with its GPS (Global Positioning System is called for short GPS), electric system has obtained new time synchronized means.In recent years, succeeded in developing and drop into practical application in countries such as the U.S. and France based on the phasor measuring set of GPS (PhaseMeasurement Unit is called for short PMU), some units of China have also carried out development and the application work of PMU.
In electric system, use existing P MU can measure the busbar voltage phasor easily, comprise its amplitude and phase angle.But in the generating plant, also need to measure generator built-in potential phase place, the method for measurement comprises indirect method and direct method.Wherein indirect method is to utilize generator terminal voltage and the electric current that measures, and known generator parameter calculates generator built-in potential phase place; Directly rule is to utilize the position transducer that is installed on the generator, measures generator built-in potential phase place by the detection rotor position.Direct method is not subjected to the influence of generator model and parameter, and has higher measuring accuracy than indirect method when system is in transient state process, therefore has bigger superiority.
Stability monitoring systematic research of wide area dynamic security and construction are being carried out in China's electric system at present, press for the rotor-position and the built-in potential phase place of each generator of monitoring, the merit angle of calculating generator, thus satisfy the needs such as analysis, dynamic security evaluation, prevention and emergency control of power system safety and stability.Though existing P MU device also can be used for generator measurement, it is to calculate generator built-in potential phase place and merit angle by indirect method, is subjected to factor affecting such as generator model and transient state process, and precision is not as direct method.Therefore utilize position transducer on Current GPS system and the generator (for example photoelectric sensor etc.), develop high-precision generator rotor position and the phase angle monitoring device is very important.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of accuracy of detection height, response speed is fast, cost is low monitoring device of power generator real time power angle are provided.
The present invention realizes by the following technical solutions:
This monitoring device of power generator real time power angle comprises CPU module, GPS module, rotor pulse collection and photoelectric isolating circuit, hardware clock and signal acquisition circuit, keyboard and display module, and power module:
CPU module: be connected with display module with signal acquisition circuit, keyboard with photoelectric isolating circuit, hardware clock with GPS module, rotor pulse collection, be used for the collection of rotor-position signal, form the GPS markers, carry out data communication, finish data processing and analysis task such as merit angle calculating;
GPS module: be connected with the CPU module, after receiving gps signal, send temporal information to the CPU module, a pps pulse per second signal is provided simultaneously by serial communication interface;
Rotor pulse collection and photoelectric isolating circuit: be connected with signal acquisition circuit with CPU module and hardware clock, the pulse electrical signal that generates by rotor-position sensor when generator amature rotates, through detecting and gather by CPU after photoelectricity isolation and the Filtering Processing, under the control of CPU, cooperate with signal acquisition circuit simultaneously with hardware clock, determine the accurate moment that this pulse electrical signal occurs, thereby determine rotor-position and generator built-in potential phase place;
Hardware clock and signal acquisition circuit: be connected with CPU module and photoelectric isolating circuit, hardware clock circuit is used to provide the time of microsecond level, produce the sprocket pulse signal of unit less than 1 microsecond by the high precision clock source, this signal is delivered to counter circuit and is carried out accumulated counts, reads for CPU; Signal acquisition circuit is used for when the rotor pulse signal arrives, under CPU control, read the microsecond level time that hardware clock circuit provides, thereby combining with temporal information that GPS provides forms the GPS markers of microsecond level, accurately determines the moment that the rotor-position pulse arrives.
Keyboard and display module: be connected with the CPU module, under CPU control, detect the state of each button, when key is pressed, carry out corresponding order, and send information, show GPS accepting state, monitoring function, communication state etc. by the LCD of data bus in display module.
Power module: for total system provides stable power.
The present invention utilizes position transducer (for example photoelectric sensor) on the generator and the clock signal of GPS, directly detects generator rotor position and built-in potential phase place, and then calculates the merit angle.At first receive the clock information that GPS sends, obtain current precise time; Utilize rotor pulse acquisition circuit and signal acquisition circuit simultaneously, gather the pulse signal that the photoelectric sensor on the generator amature sends, generator rotor position is monitored; Because generator rotor position has directly determined generator built-in potential phase place, therefore also just obtain generator built-in potential phase place simultaneously.Its obtains generator voltage phase place through data communication then, the phase differential between last calculating generator built-in potential phase place and the set end voltage phase place and obtain the merit angle.Utilize this device to match with existing phasor measurement unit (PMU), can be under unified gps clock benchmark, in wide scope, realize the generator of different location and the phase angle monitoring of bus, thereby form electric system phase angle monitoring system, realize stable supervision of electrical power system wide-area and control.
The present invention has measuring accuracy height, response speed is fast, cost is low, volume is little characteristics.Wherein, the measuring accuracy height is a major advantage of the present invention, guarantees by following technical measures.At first, on principle of work, the present invention adopts direct method to measure, and is not subjected to the influence of generator model, can accurately measure various dissimilar generators.Secondly, the present invention can measure the rotating speed of generator in real time, even when therefore generator speed changes, also can revise measurement result by software, thereby calculate merit angle accurately.At last, owing to adopted gps clock (error is 1 microsecond) and custom-designed microsecond level hardware clock circuit, the overall measurement error can satisfy the needs of power system stability monitoring fully less than 5 microseconds (about 0.09 degree of corresponding phase angle).In addition, because the strategy that sends immediately after taking to gather, the rotating speed of rotor is depended in the transmission of Frame at interval, approximately is 20ms.The present invention adopts universal single-chip microcomputer (Intel 80C196 CPU), rationally arranges each functional module, has constituted that cost is low, the rational data collector of functional configuration, and the device volume after the assembling is less.
Description of drawings:
Fig. 1 is a principle of work block diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is CPU module of the present invention and GPS modular circuit schematic diagram
Fig. 3 is rotor pulse collection of the present invention and photoelectric isolating circuit and hardware clock and signal acquisition circuit schematic diagram.
Fig. 4 is the circuit theory diagrams of keyboard of the present invention and display module.
Wherein: 1, CPU microprocessor, 2. latch, 3, program storage, 4, data-carrier store, 5, code translator, 6, external communication interface, 7, GPS module, 8, rotor-position sensor, 9, photoelectric isolating circuit, 10, clock source, 11, counter, 12, latch, 13, programmable logic device (PLD), 14, LCD, 15, keyboard, 16, bus input interface chip, 17, programmable logic device (PLD)
Embodiment
Embodiment:
Fig. 1 has provided principle of work block diagram of the present invention.This monitoring device of power generator real time power angle mainly comprises CPU module, GPS module, rotor pulse collection and photoelectric isolating circuit, hardware clock and signal acquisition circuit, keyboard and display module, and power module.
The CPU module: be connected with display module with signal acquisition circuit, keyboard with photoelectric isolating circuit, hardware clock with GPS module, rotor pulse collection, be used for finishing rotor-position signal collection, form the GPS markers, carry out data communication, finish multiple-task such as merit angle calculating.As shown in Figure 2, the CPU module comprises parts such as CPU microprocessor 1, latch 2, program storage 3, data-carrier store 4, code translator 5 and external communication interface 6.Wherein CPU microprocessor 1 adopts 16 80C196 single-chip microcomputer, and it has 256 byte ram in slice and special registers, and the outer addressable space of sheet is the 64K byte.Owing to do not contain program storage in the 80C196 sheet, therefore externally expanded program storage 3 and data-carrier store 4, and finished separating of least-significant byte address and data by latch 2, finish the distribution of address space by code translator 5.80C196 CPU has abundant I/O interface, comprises hsi port, high speed output, A/D translation interface, timer interface, interrupt interface, serial communication interface etc., is suitable for industry spot and finishes various supervision and control task.Utilize high-speed output hso 3 and the hsi port HSI3 of 80C196 to construct the software serial port among the present invention, by the transmission and the reception of software programming realization serial data, be used for carrying out communication, to obtain gps time information with GPS module 7; The pps pulse per second signal (1PPS) of GPS module output is directly sent into the hsi port HSI0 of CPU; The original RXD of CPU and the TXD serial line interface then is used for and external device (ED) (as PMU) carries out communication obtains the generator voltage phase place, thereby realizes the calculating at merit angle.In order to connect other peripheral modules, the CPU module also with 8 bit data bus (DataBus), least-significant byte address bus (AddrBus), most-significant byte address decoding output (PA5), read to allow signal (/RD), written allowance signal (/WR), high speed output (HSI0 and HSI1), and hsi port (HSI1) equisignal line is drawn management and peripheral rotor pulse collection and photoelectric isolating circuit, hardware clock and signal acquisition circuit, keyboard and the display module of control.
GPS module: be connected with the CPU module with gps antenna, provided the circuit interconnect pattern of GPS module 7 among Fig. 2 with CPU microprocessor 1.This device selects for use GPS (GPS) as system clock.In order to obtain the temporal information of GPS, the GPS module of this device is selected the regularly gps receiver of type for use, have volume little, be easy to characteristics such as installation.The GPS module needs an external gps antenna, and gps antenna is introduced to outdoor mounted usually in higher position, to obtain better gps signal receptivity.After receiving gps signal, the GPS module can provide year, month, day, hour, min, second equal time information to CPU by serial port (just its RXD and TXD pin), also exports a pps pulse per second signal (1PPS) simultaneously.
Rotor pulse collection and photoelectric isolating circuit: with the CPU module, and hardware clock be connected with signal acquisition circuit, its circuit theory diagrams are as shown in Figure 3.Be installed in the rotor-position sensor 8 (for example photoelectric sensor) on the generator, can be when generator amature rotates the production burst electric signal, high speed input port HSI1 by CPU after this pulse electrical signal process photoelectric isolating circuit 9 and the Filtering Processing detects and gathers, and offers hardware clock and signal acquisition circuit simultaneously.Because this pulse electrical signal is corresponding with rotor-position, so just can determine rotor-position and generator built-in potential phase place by the accurate moment (microsecond level) of this pulse electrical signal appearance of detection.For guaranteeing measuring accuracy; this device is when gathering the rotor pulse signal, and the photoelectric isolating device (TLP521-4) that utilization can be born kilovolt high pressure has designed photoelectric isolating circuit 9, and cooperates capacitor filtering and software filtering; the safety of the internal circuit of filtering interference signals, and protective device effectively.
Hardware clock and signal acquisition circuit: be connected with CPU module and photoelectric isolating circuit, provided its circuit theory diagrams among Fig. 3, this circuit comprises hardware clock circuit and two parts of signal acquisition circuit.Wherein hardware clock circuit comprises clock source 10 and two counters 11 of 2MHz, and signal acquisition circuit comprises three latchs 12, and they all finish address decoding and logic control by programmable logic device (PLD) (GAL16V8) 13.Because the minimum time unit of the clock signal that the GPS module sends is second, can not satisfy electric system and carry out the accuracy requirement of merit angle when calculating, so specialized designs hardware clock circuit of the present invention, produce the markers of microsecond level.Compare with the software clock in adopting CPU, adopting the advantage of hardware clock circuit is can not be subjected to factor affecting such as CPU task busy extent and interrupt response time, has higher accuracy of timekeeping.This hardware clock circuit uses the high precision clock source of a frequency as 2MHz, producing unit is the timing signal of 0.5 microsecond, this timing signal is delivered to counter circuit 11 and is carried out accumulated counts, reads in order to CPU, thus the microsecond level time that can provide the rotor pulse signal to arrive.The RST of two counter CD4040 (resetting) pin is connected to the output terminal of GAL16V8, logically is subjected to the control of the high-speed output hso 0 of CPU, like this CPU can be as required to the counter clear operation that resets.When signal acquisition circuit 12 arrives at the rotor pulse signal, at first latch signal is provided for simultaneously the CLK pin of two latchs 12 under HSO1 and GAL16V8 control, the count value when hour counter 11 is lived in memory; Utilize GAL16V8 to decipher OE (output allow) pin of output reading data signal successively then, divide 3 microsecond level temporal informations to offer CPU by data bus (DataBus) with 3 latch memories to latch 12.Like this, the microsecond level time that the temporal information of the GPS that CPU comprehensive utilization obtains from the GPS module (unit be second) and hardware clock circuit provide, form microsecond level GPS markers, thereby accurately determine the moment of rotor-position pulse arrival.
Keyboard and display module: be connected with the CPU module, Fig. 4 has provided its circuit theory diagrams, it comprises LCD (LCD) 14, keyboard (KEY1～KEY7) 15, bus input interface chip (74LS244) 16, and programmable logic device (PLD) (GAL16V8) 17.This device has man-machine interface function preferably, is equipped with membrane keyboard and LCD, can be by the button on the panel, control and the GPS accepting state of display device, monitoring function, communication state etc.When reading keypad information, at first by CPU control OPADD signal (A2～A4 and PA5) and read signal (/RD) to GAL16V8, output read to allow 1st and 19th pin of signal to 74LS244 after GAL16V8 finished address decoding, and data bus (DataBus) just can read the state of each button by bus input interface chip 74LS244 then.When having detected key and press, CPU carries out corresponding order.When display message, at first by CPU OPADD signal (A0～A5 and PA5) and write signal (/WR) to GAL16V8, GAL16V8 carries out address decoding backgating LCD (LCD), CPU shows GPS accepting state, monitoring function, communication state etc. by LCD (LCD) the transmission information of data bus (DataBus) in display module then.
Power module: adopt Universal Switching Power Supply, for total system provides stable power.
The present invention has following characteristics:
1, certainty of measurement height
At first, on operation principle, this device adopts direct method that generator is measured, and is not subjected to the impact of generator model, Can accurately measure various dissimilar generators. Secondly, this device can be measured the rotating speed of generator in real time, because of Even when this changes in generator speed, also can revise measurement result by software, thereby calculate accurately merit The angle. In addition, owing to adopted gps clock (error is 1 microsecond) and custom-designed Microsecond grade hardware clock circuit, total Measure error can satisfy the needs of power system stability monitoring fully less than 5 microseconds (about 0.09 degree of corresponding phase angle).
2, fast response time
Because adopt direct method to measure, the time interval of this device output rotor position and merit angle information depends primarily on generator The rotating speed of rotor, substantially constant are 20 milliseconds.
3, cost is low
Adopt the universal single-chip microcomputer 80C196 of INTEL Corp., consisted of that cost is low, the rational data acquisition unit of function.
4, volume is little
This device is by the classifying rationally functional module, with each circuit make CPU board, signal acquiring board, demonstration and finger-board, Several parts such as power module, the device volume after assembling is finished is very little.
Claims (1)
1. monitoring device of power generator real time power angle. comprise CPU module, GPS module, rotor pulse collection and photoelectric isolating circuit, keyboard and display module, and power module:
CPU module: be connected with display module with photoelectric isolating circuit, keyboard with GPS module, rotor pulse collection, be used for the collection of rotor-position signal, form the GPS markers, carry out data communication, finish data processing and analysis task such as merit angle calculating;
GPS module: be connected with the CPU module, after receiving gps signal, send temporal information to the CPU module, a pps pulse per second signal is provided simultaneously by serial communication interface;
Rotor pulse collection and photoelectric isolating circuit: be connected with signal acquisition circuit with CPU module and hardware clock, the pulse electrical signal that generates by rotor-position sensor when generator amature rotates, through detecting and gather by CPU after photoelectricity isolation and the Filtering Processing, under the control of CPU, cooperate with signal acquisition circuit simultaneously with hardware clock, determine the accurate moment that this pulse electrical signal occurs, thereby determine rotor-position and generator built-in potential phase place;
Keyboard and display module: be connected with the CPU module, under CPU control, detect the state of each button, when key is pressed, carry out corresponding order, and send information, show GPS accepting state, monitoring function, communication state etc. by the LCD of data bus in display module;
Power module: adopt Universal Switching Power Supply, for whole device provides stable power.
It is characterized in that: also comprise
Hardware clock and signal acquisition circuit: be connected with CPU module and photoelectric isolating circuit, hardware clock circuit is used to provide the time of microsecond level; Signal acquisition circuit is used for when the rotor pulse signal arrives, under CPU control, read the microsecond level time that hardware clock circuit provides, thereby combining with temporal information that GPS provides forms the GPS markers of microsecond level, accurately determines the moment that the rotor-position pulse arrives.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CNB2005100451454A CN100386642C (en) | 2005-11-23 | 2005-11-23 | Monitoring device of power generator real time power angle |
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| CNB2005100451454A CN100386642C (en) | 2005-11-23 | 2005-11-23 | Monitoring device of power generator real time power angle |
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| CN100386642C true CN100386642C (en) | 2008-05-07 |
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| CNB2005100451454A Expired - Fee Related CN100386642C (en) | 2005-11-23 | 2005-11-23 | Monitoring device of power generator real time power angle |
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Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101907686A (en) * | 2010-07-12 | 2010-12-08 | 国网技术学院 | Generator power-angle measuring method based on GPS (Global Positioning System) and Big Dipper binary star system |
| CN102033177B (en) * | 2010-10-25 | 2014-05-07 | 华北电力大学 | Method and system for measuring power angle of electric power circuit of distribution network |
| CN103424694B (en) * | 2012-05-15 | 2016-03-16 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Monitoring device and monitoring method for stepping motor |
| CN110632515B (en) * | 2019-10-28 | 2020-08-04 | 华北电力大学 | Real-time power angle determination method and system |
| CN110988679A (en) * | 2019-11-26 | 2020-04-10 | 广西电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 | On-site measurement method for power angle of turbonator |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH08103020A (en) * | 1994-09-30 | 1996-04-16 | Tohoku Electric Power Co Inc | Step-out detector for power system |
| CN1141595C (en) * | 2002-04-09 | 2004-03-10 | 河海大学 | Method for measuring real-time power-angle and power generator |
-
2005
- 2005-11-23 CN CNB2005100451454A patent/CN100386642C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH08103020A (en) * | 1994-09-30 | 1996-04-16 | Tohoku Electric Power Co Inc | Step-out detector for power system |
| CN1141595C (en) * | 2002-04-09 | 2004-03-10 | 河海大学 | Method for measuring real-time power-angle and power generator |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 特开平8-103020 1996.04.16 |
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Assignee: Jinan Qiquan Thermoelectricity Co., Ltd. Assignor: Shandong University Contract fulfillment period: 2008.5.28 to 2013.5.28 contract change Contract record no.: 2009370000317 Denomination of invention: Real time power angle monitoring device for generator Granted publication date: 20080507 License type: Exclusive license Record date: 2009.9.23 Assignee: Jinan Qiquan Thermoelectricity Co., Ltd. Assignor: Shandong University Contract fulfillment period: 2008.5.28 to 2013.5.28 contract change Contract record no.: 2009370000340 Denomination of invention: Real time power angle monitoring device for generator Granted publication date: 20080507 License type: Exclusive license Record date: 2009.9.27 |
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Free format text: EXCLUSIVE LICENSE; TIME LIMIT OF IMPLEMENTING CONTACT: 2008.5.28 TO 2013.5.28; CHANGE OF CONTRACT Name of requester: JINAN CITY QIQUAN PYROELECTRICITY LIMITED LIABILIT Effective date: 20090923 Free format text: EXCLUSIVE LICENSE; TIME LIMIT OF IMPLEMENTING CONTACT: 2008.5.28 TO 2013.5.28; CHANGE OF CONTRACT Name of requester: JINAN CITY QIQUAN PYROELECTRICITY LIMITED LIABILIT Effective date: 20090927 |
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Granted publication date: 20080507 Termination date: 20131123 |