CN100386017C - Mushroom dedicated base material using chicken manure as raw material and production method thereof - Google Patents
Mushroom dedicated base material using chicken manure as raw material and production method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN100386017C CN100386017C CNB2005100213386A CN200510021338A CN100386017C CN 100386017 C CN100386017 C CN 100386017C CN B2005100213386 A CNB2005100213386 A CN B2005100213386A CN 200510021338 A CN200510021338 A CN 200510021338A CN 100386017 C CN100386017 C CN 100386017C
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- chicken manure
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/20—Fertilizers of biological origin, e.g. guano or fertilizers made from animal corpses
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a special base material by using chicken manure as raw materials for mushrooms, which comprises the components of 37 to 87.5% of dry chicken manure, 7 to 23.6% of urea, 1.2 to 14.8% of calcium phosphate monobasic, 1.2 to 7.4% of fertilizer containing potassium, and 2.5 to 22.5% of gypsum; carbon ammonium can also be added to the components; after the carbon ammonium is added, the weight percent of the urea is regulated to 3.2 to 11.1%; the weight percent of the carbon ammonium is from 3.8 to 12.5%; oil cake can also be added to the components; after the oil cake is added, the present invention comprises the regulated components of 12.5 to 56.3 wt% of dry chicken manure and 6.3 to 50 wt% of oil cake. The production method of the special base material for mushrooms comprises the process steps of dryness, pulverization, material preparation and material mixture; the special base material for mushrooms has low cost and convenient operation and is used for the cultivating mushrooms with uniform outgrowth of mushrooms; the ratio of the commodity mushrooms is increased. The production method can eliminate the pollution of the chicken manure to environment and utilize the chicken manure largely.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to chicken manure utilization and mushroom compost field, particularly a kind of chicken manure production the pester method of special-purpose base-material and special-purpose base-material of mushroom that this kind method is obtained of utilizing.
Background technology
According to incompletely statistics, China has built up to ten thousand of laying hen field, the fryer field of livestock on hand more than ten thousand, raises on a large scale the form except that batch production, also has mechanization, the semi-mechanization chicken farm of large quantities of livestock on hands below ten thousand.Particularly along with being in full swing of " vegetable basket project " construction project, a collection of meat larger, distributed more widely, breeding layer chicken field have appearred rapidly in suburb, big and medium-sized cities and large-scale industrial and mineral non-staple foodstuff base, and indivedual chicken houses have reached a hundreds of thousands chicken.But; intensification, large-scale breeding are when increasing substantially labor productivity and increasing society's supply; the chicken manure excretion increases sharply (breeding stock of raising chickens in whole nation year has reached tens, and only chicken manure will be drained more than 100,000 tons in one day in this whole nation), handles and utilizes problem to become increasingly conspicuous.Undressed chicken manure, the entomogenous fungi parasitism, smell is very big, and the infectivity disease causes severe contamination to environment, has caused social common concern.Environmental protection department has required particularly big-and-middle-sized chicken farm, chicken farm to take the necessary measures, and time limit changes pollution situation.Obviously, continue to adopt and directly to put into the requirement that farmland or local method simple process mode have been difficult to adapt to the intensivization development of raising chickens.Present situation and development trend all require and must handle a large amount of chicken manures at short notice rapidly with high efficiency mode or method, make to pollute to be controlled at bottom line.
About the utilization of chicken manure, have being prepared into the report of commercial fertilizer or protein feed after its processing processing, the report of making the mushroom-cultivating material with the chicken manure bedding and padding is arranged.About making the mushroom-cultivating material with the chicken manure bedding and padding, it is the straw that to cut, corn stalk was soaked 24 hours in 2%～3% limewash, pull out and dry or air-dry, bedding and padding as chicken, by the time chicken manure cleans out after falling to expiring, ferment by mushroom class cultivate material: bedding and padding are fully mixed with chicken manure, spray clear water water content is reached about 65%, again heap fermentation, when the material temperature reaches 60 ℃, get final product turning, the fermentation once more of multiple heap when the material temperature reaches 60 ℃, was kept 10 hours, can cultivate (" the chicken manure bedding and padding are done the test of mushroom-cultivating material ", Liu Xiaoqiang, Sun Zhixiong, " edible mushroom ", 1996 1 phases).Owing to be that the chicken bedding and padding and the direct mixed culture fermentation of chicken manure of will go too far is made into the mushroom-cultivating material, therefore there is following problem: 1, can not eliminate the pollution of chicken manure to environment; 2, can only solve the problem of outlet of a small amount of chicken manure in the production, this method is difficult to realize the scale application on producing; 3, the mushroom-cultivating material nutrient of made is incomplete, is difficult to obtain the mushroom of high yield, high-quality.
About the used composts or fertilisers of cultivating of mushroom plantation, its prescription is varied, one of prescription that for example present China Sichuan is commonly used is (a mu consumption): haylage 5000-6000 kilogram, 400 kilograms of oil cakes, urea 50-75 kilogram, 100 kilograms of superphosphate, 25 kilograms in potash fertilizer, 100 kilograms in gypsum, lime 100-150 kilogram, animal manure 30-40 load.When making composts or fertilisers of cultivating, except forage and animal manure, even plant the very mushroom of small size, the mushroom farming all must be bought all the other raw material respectively to the different location, cities and towns and prepare voluntarily, such one is to cause mushroom compost to prepare not science, lack of standardization, thereby be unfavorable for that mushroom obtains high yield, high-quality, the 2nd, increased cost of manufacture.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, providing a kind of is the special-purpose base-material of mushroom and the production method thereof of raw material with the chicken manure, not only cost is low for the special-purpose base-material of this kind mushroom, and the production operation that is used to pester is easy, fruiting is neat, commodity mushroom ratio increases, and the production method of the special-purpose base-material of this kind mushroom can not only be eliminated the pollution of chicken manure to environment, and has opened up a new way for the utilization of chicken manure.
The present invention is according to the prescription of the special-purpose base-material of nutrient requirement design mushroom of mushroom growth.A kind of primary raw material of prescription is a dried poultrymanure, and the primary raw material of another kind of prescription is dried poultrymanure and oil cake.
One, primary raw material is the special-purpose base-material of mushroom of dried poultrymanure
The component and the content of the special-purpose base-material of this kind mushroom comprise:
Dried poultrymanure 37～87.5%
Urea 7～23.6%
Superphosphate 1.2～14.8%
Potash fertilizer 1.2～7.4%
Gypsum 2.5～22.5%
Above-mentioned percentage is percetage by weight.
In order under the prerequisite that does not influence fertilizer efficiency, further to reduce cost, can increase the carbon ammonium, replace urea with part carbon ammonium, behind the increase carbon ammonium, the percetage by weight of urea is adjusted into 3.2～11.1%, and the percetage by weight of carbon ammonium is 3.8～12.5%.The component and the content of special-purpose base-material of pestering is as follows:
Dried poultrymanure 37～87.5%
Urea 3.2～11.1%
Carbon ammonium 3.8～12.5%
Superphosphate 1.2～14.8%
Potash fertilizer 1.2～7.4%
Gypsum 2.5～22.5%
Two, primary raw material is the special-purpose base-material of mushroom of dried poultrymanure and oil cake
Consisting of of this kind special-purpose base-material of mushroom:
Dried poultrymanure 12.5～56.3%
Urea 3.1～9.4%
Carbon ammonium 3.1～9.4%
Superphosphate 6.3～12.5%
Potash fertilizer 3.1～6.3%
Gypsum 9.4～12.3%
Oil cake 6.3～50%
Above-mentioned percentage is percetage by weight.
The above-mentioned two classes special-purpose base-material of pestering, the optimum moisture content of its dried poultrymanure component≤10%.
The production method of the special-purpose base-material of mushroom of the present invention, processing step comprise oven dry and pulverizing, batching and the batch mixing of chicken manure.Batching adopts said components and content thereof, each component that measures is mixed promptly obtain the special-purpose base-material of mushroom, for the ease of keeping, transportation, also will pack.
About the oven dry of chicken manure, dry immediately after preferably chicken manure goes too far, can eliminate the pollution of chicken manure better like this to environment.The oven dry of chicken manure is exceeded with moisture content≤10% of chicken manure, helps the pulverizing of chicken manure.
The using method of the special-purpose base-material of mushroom of the present invention when cultured mushroom is as follows: to plant one mu of agaricus bisporus is example, uses haylage 5000-6000 kilogram, 800 kilograms of the special-purpose base-materials of pestering.Haylage is prewetted (water content is about 65%) earlier, when forage was built heap, the special-purpose base-material layering of will pestering was sprinkling upon on the stockpile equably.Carry out the turning first time after 6～7 days, later on respectively at interval 6 days and 5 days again turning promptly can be used for the cultivation of pestering for twice.
The present invention has following beneficial effect:
(1) the method for the invention can not only be eliminated the pollution of chicken manure to environment, and the special-purpose base-material of mushroom that is produced on a large scale, and a large amount of chicken manures that utilize the oven dry processing have good social benefit and economic benefit in mushroom-cultivating.
(2) the special-purpose base-material of mushroom of the present invention is used for mushroom production, and fruiting is neat, compares with the conventional batching of mushroom farming, and commodity mushroom ratio increases about 20%.
(3) use the special-purpose base-material of mushroom of the present invention, compare with composts or fertilisers of cultivating as the mushroom plantation of oil cake, cultivate one mu of mushroom and can reduce cost about 15% with using primary raw material.
(4) popularization of the special-purpose base-material of mushroom of the present invention makes cultivated mushroom simple to operation, and mushroom farming only needs what of cultivated area to buy the special-purpose base-materials of mushroom and the special-purpose base-material of will pestering according to and admixes in the forage and get final product.
(5) when making mushroom plantation composts or fertilisers of cultivating, the special-purpose base-material of mushroom of the present invention was compared with the stack retting time that other raw materials are made mushroom plantation composts or fertilisers of cultivating with the stack retting time of forage, can shorten about 4～5 days.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
Chicken manure 500～600 ℃ of oven dry, is controlled its moisture content≤10%, pulverize after the oven dry, make it be Powdered.Prepare burden by following prescription then, each components contents is a percetage by weight in the prescription:
| The prescription sequence number | Dried poultrymanure | Urea | Superphosphate | Potassium chloride | Gypsum |
| 1 | 87.5％ | 7.6％ | 1.2％ | 1.2％ | 2.5％ |
| 2 | 75.5％ | 10.0％ | 5.0％ | 5.0％ | 4.5％ |
| 3 | 62.6％ | 12.5％ | 6.3％ | 6.3％ | 12.3％ |
| 4 | 52％ | 14.5％ | 11.0％ | 7.0％ | 15.5％ |
| 5 | 37％ | 18.6％ | 14.8％ | 7.4％ | 22.2％ |
Component of above-mentioned each prescription mixed respectively promptly obtain five kinds of special-purpose base-materials of mushroom, packing back warehouse-in.
Embodiment 2
Chicken manure 500～600 ℃ of oven dry, is controlled its moisture content≤10%, pulverize after the oven dry, make it be Powdered.Prepare burden by following prescription then, each components contents is a percetage by weight in the prescription:
| The prescription sequence number | Dried poultrymanure | Urea | The carbon ammonium | Superphosphate | Potassium chloride | Gypsum |
| 1 | 87.5％ | 3.8％ | 3.8％ | 1.2％ | 1.2％ | 2.5％ |
| 2 | 75.5％ | 3.6％ | 8.9％ | 5.0％ | 2.5％ | 4.5％ |
| 3 | 62.6％ | 3.2％ | 12.5％ | 6.2％ | 3.0％ | 12.5％ |
| 4 | 52％ | 9.0％ | 5.5％ | 11.0％ | 7.0％ | 15.5％ |
| 5 | 37％ | 11.1％ | 7.5％ | 14.8％ | 7.4％ | 22.2％ |
Component of above-mentioned each prescription mixed respectively promptly obtain five kinds of special-purpose base-materials of mushroom, packing back warehouse-in.
Embodiment 3
Chicken manure 500～600 ℃ of oven dry, is controlled its moisture content≤10%, pulverize after the oven dry, make it be Powdered.Prepare burden by following prescription then, each components contents is a percetage by weight in the prescription:
| The prescription sequence number | Dried poultrymanure | Urea | The carbon ammonium | Superphosphate | Potassium sulphate | Gypsum | Oil cake |
| 1 | 56.3％ | 3.1％ | 9.4％ | 6.3％ | 6.3％ | 12.3％ | 6.3％ |
| 2 | 45％ | 7.0％ | 9.0％ | 8.0％ | 5.0％ | 11.0％ | 15.0％ |
| 3 | 35％ | 3.5％ | 9.0％ | 10.0％ | 4.5％ | 10.0％ | 28.0％ |
| 4 | 25％ | 6.2％ | 8.5％ | 12.5％ | 4.2％ | 12.3％ | 31.3％ |
| 5 | 12.5％ | 9.4％ | 3.1％ | 12.5％ | 3.1％ | 9.4％ | 50.0％ |
Component of above-mentioned each prescription mixed respectively promptly obtain five kinds of special-purpose base-materials of mushroom, packing back warehouse-in.
Claims (5)
1. one kind is the special-purpose base-material of mushroom of raw material with the chicken manure, it is characterized in that component and content thereof that this special-purpose base-material of pestering comprises are as follows:
Dried poultrymanure 37～87.5%
Urea 7～23.6%
Superphosphate 1.2～14.8%
Potash fertilizer 1.2～7.4%
Gypsum 2.5～22.5%
Above-mentioned percentage is percetage by weight.
2. according to claim 1 is the special-purpose base-material of mushroom of raw material with the chicken manure, it is characterized in that also containing the carbon ammonium, and behind the increase carbon ammonium, the percetage by weight of urea is adjusted into 3.2～11.1%, and the percetage by weight of carbon ammonium is 3.8～12.5%.
3. according to claim 1 and 2 is the special-purpose base-material of mushroom of raw material with the chicken manure, it is characterized in that moisture content≤10% of dried poultrymanure.
4. one kind is the special-purpose base-material of mushroom of raw material with the chicken manure, it is characterized in that consisting of of this special-purpose base-material of pestering:
Dried poultrymanure 12.5～56.3%
Urea 3.1～9.4%
Carbon ammonium 3.1～9.4%
Superphosphate 6.3～12.5%
Potash fertilizer 3.1～6.3%
Gypsum 9.4～12.3%
Oil cake 6.3～50%
Above-mentioned percentage is percetage by weight.
5. according to claim 4 is the special-purpose base-material of mushroom of raw material with the chicken manure, it is characterized in that moisture content≤10% of dried poultrymanure.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2005100213386A CN100386017C (en) | 2005-07-27 | 2005-07-27 | Mushroom dedicated base material using chicken manure as raw material and production method thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2005100213386A CN100386017C (en) | 2005-07-27 | 2005-07-27 | Mushroom dedicated base material using chicken manure as raw material and production method thereof |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1736156A CN1736156A (en) | 2006-02-22 |
| CN100386017C true CN100386017C (en) | 2008-05-07 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CNB2005100213386A Expired - Fee Related CN100386017C (en) | 2005-07-27 | 2005-07-27 | Mushroom dedicated base material using chicken manure as raw material and production method thereof |
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Families Citing this family (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100548110C (en) * | 2007-06-11 | 2009-10-14 | 山东省农业科学院土壤肥料研究所 | Base-material and the cultivation method of a kind of natural pond slag for cultivating straw mushroom |
| CN100546462C (en) * | 2007-06-11 | 2009-10-07 | 山东省农业科学院土壤肥料研究所 | Culture base-material of a kind of cultivating agaricus bisporus by using moss slag and preparation method thereof |
| CN100542394C (en) * | 2007-07-06 | 2009-09-23 | 山东省农业科学院土壤肥料研究所 | Culture base-material of a kind of stalk natural pond slag for cultivating coprinus comatus and preparation method thereof |
| CN100546461C (en) * | 2007-07-17 | 2009-10-07 | 山东省农业科学院土壤肥料研究所 | Culture base-material of the cultivating agaricus bisporus by using moss slag of stalk production biogas and preparation method thereof |
| CN102948324A (en) * | 2011-08-29 | 2013-03-06 | 唐人神集团股份有限公司 | Method for producing edible mushroom by used biological packing |
| CN103319259B (en) * | 2013-06-23 | 2014-12-24 | 邬金飞 | Formula of mushroom stock compost and manufacturing method of compost |
| CN104311298A (en) * | 2014-10-15 | 2015-01-28 | 合肥路飞农业科技有限公司 | Agaricus bisporus culture medium and preparation method thereof |
| CN109089729A (en) * | 2018-09-07 | 2018-12-28 | 贵州高山百益食用菌发展有限公司 | A kind of making and use method of external source corncob nutrition packet |
Citations (5)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1077332A (en) * | 1993-03-30 | 1993-10-20 | 张湖泽 | Dual gemma mushroom cultivation technique |
| CN1098845A (en) * | 1994-06-07 | 1995-02-22 | 张湖泽 | Technology for culturing high yield double-sporophyte mushroom |
| CN1524408A (en) * | 2003-09-15 | 2004-09-01 | 朱华高 | Technology for planting double-spore mushrooms using corn stalks as nutritious medium |
| CN1528115A (en) * | 2003-09-26 | 2004-09-15 | 辽宁田园实业有限公司 | Technological method for factorial cultivation of portabella king using animal-plant waste material |
| CN1636430A (en) * | 2003-03-31 | 2005-07-13 | 辽宁田园实业有限公司 | Technological process of cultivating brown mushroom with waste animal and plant material |
-
2005
- 2005-07-27 CN CNB2005100213386A patent/CN100386017C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1077332A (en) * | 1993-03-30 | 1993-10-20 | 张湖泽 | Dual gemma mushroom cultivation technique |
| CN1098845A (en) * | 1994-06-07 | 1995-02-22 | 张湖泽 | Technology for culturing high yield double-sporophyte mushroom |
| CN1636430A (en) * | 2003-03-31 | 2005-07-13 | 辽宁田园实业有限公司 | Technological process of cultivating brown mushroom with waste animal and plant material |
| CN1524408A (en) * | 2003-09-15 | 2004-09-01 | 朱华高 | Technology for planting double-spore mushrooms using corn stalks as nutritious medium |
| CN1528115A (en) * | 2003-09-26 | 2004-09-15 | 辽宁田园实业有限公司 | Technological method for factorial cultivation of portabella king using animal-plant waste material |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 鸡粪栽培食用菌技术. 宋海泉.农业科技与信息，第1期. 1995 * |
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