CN100385203C - Optical gyroscope made from quantum crystal and method for making same - Google Patents
Optical gyroscope made from quantum crystal and method for making same Download PDFInfo
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- CN100385203C CN100385203C CNB200510038727XA CN200510038727A CN100385203C CN 100385203 C CN100385203 C CN 100385203C CN B200510038727X A CNB200510038727X A CN B200510038727XA CN 200510038727 A CN200510038727 A CN 200510038727A CN 100385203 C CN100385203 C CN 100385203C
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- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 104
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 title claims description 30
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 13
- 239000004038 photonic crystal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 72
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 claims description 29
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003486 chemical etching Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010297 mechanical methods and process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001259 photo etching Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 abstract 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000005693 optoelectronics Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000000644 propagated effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001902 propagating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005459 micromachining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The present invention relates to an optical top with a waveguide structure which is realized by a photonic crystal and a preparation method of the optical top. The photonic crystal is adopted to prepare an optical waveguide structure with low loss, and thereby, the optical top of the photonic crystal is realized. The optical top comprises an interference type top with the optical waveguide structure of the photonic crystal and a resonance type top with the optical waveguide structure of the photonic crystal, wherein the interference type top with the optical waveguide structure of the photonic crystal is composed of an open loop optical waveguide structure, and the resonance type top with the optical waveguide structure of the photonic crystal is composed of a closed loop optical waveguide structure. The present invention is characterized in that a waveguide structure of the photonic crystal is prepared through introducing defects in the photonic crystal. The present invention has the manufacture technology: a. the waveguide structure of the photonic crystal is formed by introducing the defects of an open loop in the interference type top of the photonic crystal, and thereby, an optical passage is formed in the optical top; b. a waveguide resonance cavity of the photonic crystal is formed by introducing the defects of a closed loop in the resonance type top of the photonic crystal, and thereby, an optical loop is formed in the optical top.
Description
Technical field
The present invention proposes a kind of optical gyroscope implementation of waveguiding structure, particularly realizes the optical gyroscope of waveguiding structure with photonic crystal.
Background technology
Optical gyroscope is a kind of novel photoelectric gyroscope based on the Sagnac effect, the Sagnac effect is a kind of general correlation effect of propagates light in the closed loop light path of relative inertness spatial rotation, be to be divided into the light wave that two bundle reverse directions are propagated after light beam enters system, they in phase return the beam splitting point through same optical path after propagating in the opposite direction.If wind axis perpendicular to plane, light path place, exist rotational angular velocity with respect to inertial space, the light path difference that the light beam that then positive and negative direction is propagated is passed by, thus produce optical path difference.Can prove that in theory its optical path difference is directly proportional with the angular velocity of rotation.Thereby, know optical path difference and phase information correspondingly, can record corresponding angular velocity.Optical gyroscope has experienced the evolution of the first generation " laser gyro " and the second generation " optical fibre gyro " in notion proposition more than the 20 year time by now.Compare with laser gyro, optical fibre gyro is with its precision height, and the life-span is long, start fast, signal stabilization, what many advantages such as simple in structure were very fast has obtained widespread use in various navigation field such as auto navigation, aircraft navigation.In recent years, along with the development of photoelectron technology, the progress of integrated optics and optoelectronic device production technology, Chinese scholars has proposed third generation optical gyroscope, i.e. " integrated optical gyroscope ".At present, external many well-known research institution is all in the research dynamics that strengthens integrated optical gyroscope.Integrated optics is being represented the developing direction of advanced optical electron device as an optoelectronic frontier.Integrated optics is integrated for the height of optoelectronic device, will cause a new revolution of optoelectronic device.
Photonic crystal is the periodic dielectric structure with photon band gap, and it can control and handle electromagnetic wave propagation, forms electromagnetic conduction band and forbidden band.The electromagnetic wave that frequency is in the photon band gap can not be propagated.The notion of photon crystal wave-guide was at first proposed by people such as R.D.Meade in 1994, if promptly in photon band gap, introduce defective, then the light of frequency in photon band gap will be limited in propagating in this defective, thereby can be optical waveguide with the photonic crystal designs that has defective.By the formed waveguide of defective, its crooked angle can reach more than 120 degree in the photonic crystal, and also being unlikely to has too many light loss, but has the advantages that the little deviation angle of volume is big, loss is little.
Summary of the invention
Technical matters: the objective of the invention is to propose a kind of optical gyroscope with the photonic crystal preparation and preparation method thereof, substitute the optical gyroscope of traditional optical waveguide structure with photon crystal wave-guide, shortcomings such as the device volume that solves the prior art existence is big, not easy of integration, and optical transmission loss is big.
Technical scheme: technical scheme of the present invention is achieved in that on structure traditional optical fibre gyro can be divided into interfere type and resonator fiber optic gyroscope.Its crucial parts constitute by the coiling of spiral fashion fiber optic loop or by single fiber optic loop respectively.Same, the photon crystal optics gyro also can pass through photon crystal wave-guide, realizes interfere type or mode of resonance optical gyroscope.
Optical gyroscope with the photonic crystal preparation of the present invention, the defective of employing on the photonic crystal of substrate made the very low optical waveguide of loss, thereby realized the photon crystal optics gyro, this photon crystal optics gyro comprises interfere type and mode of resonance photonic crystal optical waveguides gyro; Interfere type optical waveguide structure optical gyroscope is that an open loop optical waveguide constitutes, mode of resonance optical waveguide structure optical gyroscope is that the stripe shape waveguide that the defective on a closed loop optical waveguide and the photonic crystal is made constitutes, wherein the stripe shape waveguide has one or two, is positioned at the side of closed loop optical waveguide.Described photonic crystal comprises 1-D photon crystal, 2 D photon crystal and three-D photon crystal.
The preparation method of the optical gyroscope with photonic crystal preparation of the present invention, employing is introduced defective and is prepared photon crystal wave-guide in photonic crystal, promptly utilize Mechanical Method or chemical etching method or laser hologram photoetching technique or layered manner or colloidal solution self-organizing growth method or film preparing technology, the structure that preparation dielectric coefficient generation space periodic changes, in the above-mentioned cycle, prepare defective then, or the photonic crystal that direct preparation has defective is made the optical gyroscope for preparing with photonic crystal.
The manufacture craft of preparation photon crystal wave-guide is:
A, for interfere type photonic crystal gyro, by making the defective of open loop, forming the open loop optical waveguide structure of photonic crystal, thereby form the open loop light-path in the optical gyroscope, make optical gyroscope with the photonic crystal preparation;
B, for resonant mode photonic crystal gyro, by making the defective of closed loop, forming the closed loop optical waveguide cavity resonator structure of photonic crystal, thereby form the closed loop light circuit in the optical gyroscope, make optical gyroscope with the photonic crystal preparation.
Beneficial effect: the present invention has following advantage compared with prior art:
The present invention adopts photon crystal wave-guide to replace the normal optical waveguide to realize optical gyroscope, solved owing to adopt the fiber optic loop of optical fiber coiling, make the problem that whole optical gyroscope can not fully-integratedization, solved because traditional transmission loss of optical waveguide is big the problem crooked especially around the corner, that scattering loss is big simultaneously.This waveguiding structure may be realized also comprising that light source, detector, optical-waveguide-type gyro and all optical components such as beam splitter, phase place and frequency modulator are all integrated, thereby constitute the integrated optical gyroscope of a brand-new meaning.Therefore, it can reduce the gyro size and improve Gyro Precision.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the interfere type optical gyroscope synoptic diagram that adopts the 2 D photon crystal waveguiding structure.
Fig. 2 is the mode of resonance optical gyroscope synoptic diagram that adopts the 2 D photon crystal waveguiding structure.
Among the above figure substrate 1, photonic crystal 2, defective 3, open loop optical waveguide 41, closed loop optical waveguide 42, stripe shape waveguide 421, waveguide coupler 422 are arranged.
Embodiment
Below be to adopt photonic crystal waveguide structure to realize the embodiment of optical gyroscope.
The principle of work of interfere type and mode of resonance optical gyroscope makes light beam propagate in the screw type or the optical waveguide of single ring structure in opposite direction in ring-like waveguide all based on the Sagnac effect.
Optical gyroscope with the photonic crystal preparation adopts the defective 3 on the photonic crystal 2 of substrate 1 to make the very low optical waveguide of loss, thereby has realized the photon crystal optics gyro, comprises interfere type and mode of resonance photonic crystal optical waveguides gyro; Interfere type optical waveguide structure optical gyroscope is that an open loop optical waveguide 41 constitutes, mode of resonance optical waveguide structure optical gyroscope is that the stripe shape waveguide 421 that the defective 3 on a closed loop optical waveguide 42 and the photonic crystal 2 is made constitutes, wherein stripe shape waveguide 421 has one or two, is positioned at the side of closed loop optical waveguide 42.Described photonic crystal 2 comprises 1-D photon crystal, 2 D photon crystal and three-D photon crystal.
With the preparation method of the optical gyroscope of photonic crystal preparation is to adopt to introduce defective prepare photon crystal wave-guide in photonic crystal, promptly utilize Mechanical Method or chemical etching method or laser hologram photoetching technique or layered manner or colloidal solution self-organizing growth method or film preparing technology, the structure that preparation dielectric coefficient generation space periodic changes, in the above-mentioned cycle, prepare defective then, or the photonic crystal that direct preparation has defective is made the optical gyroscope for preparing with photonic crystal.For example, utilize electrochemical etching method on n type Si sill, to form the cylinder airport and prepare 2 D photon crystal. for another example, utilize micromachining technology at Al
2O
3In get out spherical pore and make three-D photon crystal.
Manufacture craft is:
A, for interfere type photonic crystal gyro, by making the defective of open loop, forming open loop optical waveguide 41 waveguiding structures of photonic crystal 2, thereby form the open loop light-path in the optical gyroscope, make optical gyroscope with the photonic crystal preparation;
B, for resonant mode photonic crystal gyro, by making the defective of closed loop, forming the closed loop optical waveguide 42 wave guide resonance cavity configurations of photonic crystal 2, thereby form the closed loop light circuit in the optical gyroscope, make optical gyroscope with the photonic crystal preparation.
The method of for example utilizing the dielectric cylinder rod to be arranged in array or application machine boring forms the circle or the cylindricality air hole of periodic arrangement in uniform dielectric.So just formed 2 D photon crystal.Photonic crystal for mechanical drilling method formation, can use former base material to fill up specific hole on demand to form defective, or deliberately stay specific region (being waveguide region) during hole in preparation and do not implement boring, disposable formation has the photonic crystal of defective.Be designed to have the defective of open loop or closed loop shape, can form photon crystal wave-guide, thereby be prepared into the photon crystal wave-guide gyro.
Claims (4)
1. optical gyroscope with photonic crystal preparation, it is characterized in that adopting the defective (3) on the photonic crystal (2) of substrate (1) to make the very low optical waveguide of loss, thereby realized the photon crystal optics gyro, this photon crystal optics gyro comprises interfere type and mode of resonance photonic crystal optical waveguides gyro; Interfere type optical waveguide structure optical gyroscope is that an open loop optical waveguide (41) constitutes, mode of resonance optical waveguide structure optical gyroscope is that the stripe shape waveguide (421) that the defective (3) on a closed loop optical waveguide (42) and the photonic crystal (2) is made constitutes, wherein stripe shape waveguide (421) has one or two, is positioned at the side of closed loop optical waveguide (42).
2. according to the described optical gyroscope of realizing with photonic crystal of claim 1, it is characterized in that described photonic crystal (2) comprises 1-D photon crystal, 2 D photon crystal and three-D photon crystal.
3. preparation method who is used for the described optical gyroscope with photonic crystal preparation of claim 1, it is characterized in that utilizing Mechanical Method or chemical etching method or laser hologram photoetching technique or layered manner or colloidal solution self-organizing growth method or film preparing technology, the structure that preparation dielectric coefficient generation space periodic changes, in above-mentioned periodic structure, prepare defective then, or directly employing introducing defective in photonic crystal prepares photonic crystal, makes the optical gyroscope with the photonic crystal preparation.
4. the preparation method of the optical gyroscope with photonic crystal preparation according to claim 3 is characterized in that adopting and introduces the manufacture craft that defective prepares photonic crystal be in photonic crystal:
A, for interfere type photonic crystal gyro, by making the defective of open loop, forming open loop optical waveguide (41) structure of photonic crystal (2), thereby form the open loop light-path in the optical gyroscope, make optical gyroscope with the photonic crystal preparation;
B, for resonant mode photonic crystal gyro, by making the defective of closed loop, forming closed loop optical waveguide (42) cavity resonator structure of photonic crystal (2), thereby form the closed loop light circuit in the optical gyroscope, make optical gyroscope with the photonic crystal preparation.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CNB200510038727XA CN100385203C (en) | 2005-04-07 | 2005-04-07 | Optical gyroscope made from quantum crystal and method for making same |
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| CNB200510038727XA CN100385203C (en) | 2005-04-07 | 2005-04-07 | Optical gyroscope made from quantum crystal and method for making same |
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| CN1670481A CN1670481A (en) | 2005-09-21 |
| CN100385203C true CN100385203C (en) | 2008-04-30 |
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Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US10718901B2 (en) * | 2013-06-26 | 2020-07-21 | Micron Technology, Inc. | Photonic device having a photonic crystal lower cladding layer provided on a semiconductor substrate |
| CN104655118A (en) * | 2015-02-12 | 2015-05-27 | 浙江大学 | Resonant photonic crystal waveguide gyroscope and application thereof |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2002093248A1 (en) * | 2001-05-15 | 2002-11-21 | Massachussets Institute Of Technology | Mach-zehnder interferometer using photonic band gap crystals |
| US20030161565A1 (en) * | 2002-02-28 | 2003-08-28 | Alcatel | Optical modulator comprising photonic crystals |
| US20040126055A1 (en) * | 2001-09-04 | 2004-07-01 | Flory Curt A. | Photonic crystal interferometric switch |
| US20040263856A1 (en) * | 2002-11-13 | 2004-12-30 | Willig Reinhardt L | Photonic crystal interferometric fiber optical gyroscope system |
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2005
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Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2002093248A1 (en) * | 2001-05-15 | 2002-11-21 | Massachussets Institute Of Technology | Mach-zehnder interferometer using photonic band gap crystals |
| US20030011775A1 (en) * | 2001-05-15 | 2003-01-16 | Marin Soljacic | Mach-Zehnder interferometer using photonic band gap crystals |
| US20040126055A1 (en) * | 2001-09-04 | 2004-07-01 | Flory Curt A. | Photonic crystal interferometric switch |
| US20030161565A1 (en) * | 2002-02-28 | 2003-08-28 | Alcatel | Optical modulator comprising photonic crystals |
| US20040263856A1 (en) * | 2002-11-13 | 2004-12-30 | Willig Reinhardt L | Photonic crystal interferometric fiber optical gyroscope system |
Non-Patent Citations (4)
| Title |
|---|
| 光子晶体光纤和波导. 刘思敏，陈晓虎等.物理，第30卷第11期. 2001 |
| 光子晶体光纤和波导. 刘思敏，陈晓虎等.物理，第30卷第11期. 2001 * |
| 折射率导模高双折射光子晶体光纤. 娄淑琴，王智等.光学学报，第24卷第10期. 2004 |
| 折射率导模高双折射光子晶体光纤. 娄淑琴，王智等.光学学报，第24卷第10期. 2004 * |
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