CN100385093C - Method and apparatus for acquiring heat from multiple heat sources - Google Patents
Method and apparatus for acquiring heat from multiple heat sources Download PDFInfo
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- CN100385093C CN100385093C CNB2004800164877A CN200480016487A CN100385093C CN 100385093 C CN100385093 C CN 100385093C CN B2004800164877 A CNB2004800164877 A CN B2004800164877A CN 200480016487 A CN200480016487 A CN 200480016487A CN 100385093 C CN100385093 C CN 100385093C
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Abstract
The present invention relates to systems and methods for implementing a closed loop thermodynamic cycle utilizing a multi-component working fluid to acquire heat from two or more external heat source stream in an efficient manner utilizing countercurrent exchange. The liquid multi-component working stream is heated by a first external heat source stream at a first heat exchanger and is subsequently divided into a first substream and a second substream. The first substream is heated by the first working stream at a second external heat source stream at a second heat exchanger. The second substream is heated by the second working stream at a third heat exchanger. The first substream and the second substream are then recombined into a single working stream. The recombined working stream is heated by the second external heat source stream at a fourth heat exchanger.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to utilize countercurrent flow to finish the heat energy circulation.More particularly, the present invention relates to utilize the multicomponent working fluid to obtain the method and apparatus of heat from a plurality of external heat source stream.
Background technique
Heat energy can usefully convert the mechanical energy form to, converts the electric energy form then to.With the thermal power transfer in low temperature and the high temperature heat source is that the method for electric energy is a key areas in the production of energy.Need to improve the conversion efficiency that the heat in the low-temperature heat source is converted to electric energy now.
Can use a kind of working fluid will become the mechanical energy form from the thermal power transfer of a thermal source, convert the electric energy form then to, in the heat energy cyclic process, this working fluid expands in closed-system and regenerates.This working fluid can comprise the composition with different boiling, and the component that differently can revise this working fluid in system, to improve the efficient of transformation of energy operation.
Usually, the multicomponent working fluid comprises low boiling point component and higher composition.By utilizing the combination of low boiling point component and higher composition, can more effectively utilize the external heat source stream such as industrial waste heat to generate electricity.In the application that has two or more thermals source to can be used for generating electricity, can further utilize the multicomponent working fluid to improve the effect that heat obtains and generates electricity.These two or more thermals source can heat low boiling point component together, thereby low boiling point component is converted into gaseous state from liquid state.By low boiling point component is heated into gaseous state, be converted into kinetic energy from the heat of external heat source stream, and kinetic energy can more easily be converted into available energy, such as electric energy.
Summary of the invention
The present invention relates to utilize the multicomponent working fluid to carry out the circulation of closed loop heat energy, thereby obtain the system and method for heat by countercurrent flow effectively from two or more external heat source stream.Typical multicomponent working fluid comprises low boiling point component and higher composition.In the place of using two or more external heat source stream to heat the multicomponent working fluid, can further optimize the manufacturing process that obtains heat, to improve electrical energy production.In one embodiment, the manufacturing process of obtaining heat is used for low boiling point component and higher boiling composition all are converted to gaseous state.
Externally the temperature of heat source stream is enough to low boiling point component and higher composition all are converted to the place of gaseous state, can most desirably change under upper state and low-energy state simultaneously from the heat energy of external heat source stream.For example, when external heat source stream is in lower temperature, low boiling point component can be converted to gaseous state.Externally heat source stream is the place that is in higher temperature, the higher composition can be converted to gaseous state.Externally the temperature of heat source stream exceeds when the higher composition is converted to the required temperature of gaseous state, can utilize this external heat source stream to make working vapor flow through heat.
According to one embodiment of present invention, liquid multicomponent workflow is heated at the first heat exchanger place by first external heat source stream, and the second heat exchanger place heating of being connected with first heat exchanger by second external heat source stream subsequently.In another embodiment, liquid multicomponent workflow is heated at the first heat exchanger place by first external heat source stream, and is divided into first tributary and second tributary subsequently.First tributary is heated at the second heat exchanger place by first external heat source stream.First tributary is heated at the 3rd heat exchanger place by second external heat source stream.Subsequently, first tributary and second tributary merge into the workflow of converging again again.Again the workflow of converging is heated at the 4th heat exchanger place by second external heat source stream, thereby forms the workflow of heating and gasifying.According to one embodiment of present invention, by after the 4th heat exchanger heating, the expansion of the workflow of heating and gasifying is available form with the transformation of energy of heated gaseous workflow.The expansion of workflow becomes it into weary air-flow, and this weary air-flow is sent to distillation/condensation subsystem, is converted to condensate flow thereby will lack air-flow.
According to one embodiment of present invention, the temperature of first external heat source stream is different with the temperature of second external heat source stream.In one embodiment, first external heat source stream and second external heat source stream have overlapping uniform temp district.In one embodiment, after being pumped into elevated pressures, liquid workflow comprises overcooled liquid.In this embodiment, working fluid is heated to bubble point maybe near this point in first heat exchanger.After being separated, first tributary and second tributary are heated near the dew point.After first and second tributaries were converged again, the working fluid that converges again was superheated to the heated gaseous workflow.
In another embodiment, utilize plural thermal source to come heated working fluid.For example, in one embodiment, utilize three external heat source stream to come heated working fluid.In one embodiment, utilize two or more heat recovery steam generators (HRVG) to change from the heated gaseous workflow, this heat recovery steam generator has turboexpander or turboexpander with first and second grades separately.In another embodiment, one is low-temperature heat source in the external heat source stream, and another external heat source stream is the higher temperature thermal source.In one embodiment, low-temperature heat source and high temperature heat source have overlapping uniform temp district.In another embodiment, low-temperature heat source and high temperature heat source do not have overlapping uniform temp district.
From following explanation and claims,, can make these and other purpose and feature of the present invention become clearer perhaps by following practice of the present invention.
Description of drawings
In order to further specify above-mentioned and other advantage and feature of the present invention, the specific embodiment is in conjunction with the accompanying drawings carried out more concrete description to the present invention.Should be understood that these accompanying drawings just illustrate exemplary embodiments of the present invention, thereby should not be considered to limitation of the scope of the invention.To use accompanying drawing concrete and describe and explain the present invention in detail.
That Fig. 1 shows is according to an embodiment of the invention, obtain the heat energy system of heat from first external heat source stream and second external heat source stream;
That Fig. 2 shows is according to an embodiment of the invention, obtain the heat energy system of heat from first external heat source stream and second external heat source stream, and these two heat source stream have overlapping humidity province;
That Fig. 3 shows is according to an embodiment of the invention, obtain the heat energy system of heat, these two heat source stream series connection from first external heat source stream and second external heat source stream;
Fig. 4 shows the heat energy system that obtains heat from first external heat source stream and second external heat source stream, and these two heat source stream have overlapping humidity province, and wherein first external heat source stream comprises higher temperature source;
That Fig. 5 shows is according to an embodiment of the invention, obtain the heat energy system of heat from first external heat source stream and second external heat source stream, first external heat source stream is used the first higher heat recovery steam generator of working fluid pressure, and second external heat source stream is used the second lower heat recovery steam generator of working fluid pressure;
That Fig. 6 shows is according to an embodiment of the invention, obtain the heat energy system of heat from two above external heat source stream.
Embodiment
The present invention relates to utilize the multicomponent working fluid to carry out the circulation of closed loop heat energy, thereby obtain the system and method for heat by countercurrent flow effectively from two or more external heat source stream.Typical multicomponent working fluid comprises low boiling point component and higher composition.In the place of using two or more external heat source stream to heat the multicomponent working fluid, can optimize heat transfer, low boiling point component and higher composition all are converted into gaseous state, thereby make energy transformation efficiency higher.
Externally the temperature of heat source stream is enough to low boiling point component and higher composition all are converted to the place of gaseous state, can most desirably change under upper state and low-energy state simultaneously from the heat energy of external heat source stream.For example, when external heat source stream is in lower temperature, low boiling point component can be converted to gaseous state.Externally heat source stream is the place that is in higher temperature, the higher composition can be converted to gaseous state.Externally the temperature of heat source stream exceeds when the higher composition is converted to the required temperature of gaseous state, can utilize this external heat source stream to make working vapor flow through heat.
According to one embodiment of present invention, liquid multicomponent workflow is heated at the first heat exchanger place by first external heat source stream, and the second heat exchanger place heating of being connected with first heat exchanger by second external heat source stream subsequently.In another embodiment, liquid multicomponent workflow is heated at the first heat exchanger place by first external heat source stream, and is divided into first tributary and second tributary subsequently.First tributary is heated at the second heat exchanger place by first external heat source stream.First tributary is heated at the 3rd heat exchanger place by second external heat source stream.Subsequently, first tributary and second tributary merge into the workflow of converging again again.Again the workflow of converging is heated at the 4th heat exchanger place by second external heat source stream, thereby forms the workflow of heating and gasifying.According to one embodiment of present invention, after by the heating of the 4th heat exchanger, the expansion of the workflow of heating and gasifying becomes it into weary air-flow, and this weary air-flow is sent to distillation/condensation subsystem, is converted to condensate flow thereby will lack air-flow.
According to one embodiment of present invention, after converging with the second portion working fluid, a part of heated gaseous workflow expands, and is available form with the transformation of energy of this part heated gaseous workflow.The expansion of this heated gaseous workflow is converted into weary air-flow, and this weary air-flow is sent to distillation/condensation subsystem, is converted to condensate flow thereby will lack air-flow.
According to one embodiment of present invention, the temperature of first external heat source stream is different with the temperature of second external heat source stream.In one embodiment, first external heat source stream and second external heat source stream have overlapping uniform temp district.In one embodiment, after being pumped into elevated pressures, liquid workflow comprises overcooled liquid.In this embodiment, working fluid is heated to bubble point maybe near this point in first heat exchanger.After being separated, first tributary and second tributary are heated near the dew point.After first and second tributaries were converged again, the working fluid that converges again was superheated to the heated gaseous workflow.
In another embodiment, utilize plural thermal source to come heated working fluid.For example, in one embodiment, utilize three external heat source stream to come heated working fluid.In one embodiment, utilize two or more heat recovery steam generators (HRVG) to change from the heated gaseous workflow, this heat recovery steam generator has turboexpander or turboexpander with first and second grades separately.In another embodiment, one is low-temperature heat source in the external heat source stream, and another external heat source stream is the higher temperature thermal source.In one embodiment, low-temperature heat source and high temperature heat source have overlapping uniform temp district.In another embodiment, low-temperature heat source and high temperature heat source do not have overlapping uniform temp district.
That Fig. 1 shows is according to an embodiment of the invention, obtain the heat energy system of heat from first external heat source stream and second external heat source stream.In an illustrated embodiment, weary air-flow 38 condensation in distillation/condensation subsystem 10 forms condensate flow 14.Condensate flow 14 forms liquid workflow 21 by pump P pressurization.Liquid workflow 21 comprises low boiling point component and higher composition, and is arranged to be heated by two or more external heat source stream, to generate the heated gaseous workflow.In one embodiment of the invention, liquid workflow 21 still is in supercooled state.
Can adopt many dissimilar and multicomponent workflows of constituting and can not deviate from scope and spirit essence of the present invention.For example, in one embodiment, this workflow comprises ammonia water mixture.In another embodiment, can from one group of mixture that comprises two or more hydro carbons, two or more fluorine Lyons, hydro carbons and fluorine Lyons or other multicomponent workflow, select with low boiling point component and higher composition.In another embodiment, the multicomponent workflow is the mixture of ingredients that any amount has good heat energy characteristic and soluble.As known to those skilled in the art, the distillation/condensation subsystem that is known in the art all kinds and structure can use and can not deviate from scope and spirit essence of the present invention.
The first external heat source stream 43-46 in the 45-46 of path heats liquid workflow 22-42 in heat exchanger HE-1.The heating of liquid towards workflow 22-42 proportionately increases the temperature of first external heat source stream among the temperature of liquid workflow 22-42 and the path 45-46.In one embodiment of the invention, be approximately the bubble point of low boiling point component in the temperature of point 42 place's workflows.When the workflow temperature at point 42 places was lower than bubble point, this workflow all was in liquid liquid workflow by low boiling point component and high bubble point composition and is formed.
As known to those skilled in the art, can use the external heat source stream of various dissimilar and structures and can not deviate from scope and spirit essence of the present invention.For example, in one embodiment, at least one external heat source stream comprises flow of liquid.In another embodiment, at least one external heat source stream comprises gas stream.In another embodiment, at least one external heat source stream comprises the liquids and gases mixed flow.In one embodiment, the external heat source stream among the 45-46 of path comprises low temperature waste heat water.In another embodiment, heat exchanger HE-1 comprises an economizer preheater.
Workflow at point 42 places is divided into first tributary 61 and second tributary 60.In one embodiment of the invention, working fluid with and distribute between tributary 61 and tributary 60 from the proportional ratio of the heat of each thermal source.In another embodiment, first tributary 61 and second tributary 60 are in bubble point, and have essentially identical parameter except flow velocity.First external heat source stream flows to a little 44 first tributary 61-65 that come the heating heat exchanger HE-2 from putting 43.Because the heat exchange that takes place in heat exchanger HE-2, the temperature of first external heat source stream is higher than the temperature of first external heat source stream among the 45-46 of path among the 43-44 of path.The higher temperature of first external heat source stream is heated to the temperature higher than working fluid 22-42 with the first tributary 61-65 among the 43-44 of path, and working fluid 22-42 is by first external heat source stream heating among the 45-46 of path.In one embodiment, first tributary is heated to more than the boiling point of low boiling point component, and below the boiling point of higher composition.In this embodiment, the gasification of part is being carried out in first tributary, and comprises steam part and liquid part.
The second external heat source stream 25-26 flows to a little 54 from putting 53, the heating second tributary 60-64 in heat exchanger HE-3.In the embodiment shown, second external heat source stream in the 53-54 of path has identical humidity province with first external heat source stream among the 43-44 of path.Therefore, the temperature of the temperature of second external heat source stream among the 53-54 of path and first external heat source stream among the 43-44 of path is roughly the same.Similarly, because the temperature of second external heat source stream among the 53-54 of path and the similar temperature of first external heat source stream among the 43-44 of path, the heat exchange that occurs among heat exchanger HE-2 and the HE-3 is also similar.Therefore, the temperature of the second tributary 60-64 is near the temperature of the first tributary 61-65.The second tributary 60-64 is heated to the temperature greater than working fluid 22-42.In one embodiment, second tributary is heated to more than the boiling point of low boiling point component, but below the boiling point of higher composition.In this embodiment, second tributary has experienced partial gasification, and comprises steam part and liquid part.
Because occur in the heat exchange among the HE-4, the temperature of second external heat source stream will be higher than the temperature of second external heat source stream among the 53-54 of path among the 25-52 of path.The workflow 62-30 that the higher temperature of second external heat source stream will be converged again among the 25-52 of path is heated to the temperature higher than the workflow converged again 63.In one embodiment, the workflow 62-30 that converges again is heated to more than the boiling point of the boiling point of low boiling point component and higher boiling composition, to form heated gaseous workflow 31.In this embodiment, heated gaseous workflow 31 experience are gasified totally, and include only the steam part.In another embodiment, heated gaseous workflow 31 does not experience and is gasified totally, and comprises steam part and liquid part.
Utilize first and second tributaries to make the uniform temp area overlapping of first and second external heat source stream, can be delivered in the heat of the required increase of the boiling section of working fluid effectively, this has just increased the power production capacity of heat energy system, can produce more energy thereby compare with the situation that two thermals source use respectively in the production capacity system that separates.In one embodiment of the invention, heat exchanger HE-1, heat exchanger HE-2, heat exchanger HE-3 and heat exchanger HE-4 comprise heat recovery steam generator (HRVG).The function of HRVG is under high pressure working fluid to be heated to superheated vapor from overcooled liquid, thereby obtains heat from waste heat source (being generally the gas or the liquid of heat).Superheated vapor enters in the production capacity turbine steam is converted to useful energy.
For the working fluid type of being discussed, the scope of obtainable enthalpy comprise that bubble point is following and dew point is above overcooled liquid is to superheated vapor.Working fluid has and varies with temperature less thermal capacitance.In other words, in any humidity province, working fluid is by the basic equivalent of temperature rise that obtains in the input of the heat of equivalent, though when the temperature rise during gaseous state is slightly larger than liquid.Be boiling section between bubble point and dew point, this strides and has accounted for a temperature range for the multicomponent working fluid.In this zone, for the unit temperature rise of working fluid, can utilize much more energy, and its total amount can be different.As known to those skilled in the art, the type of employed working fluid, its degree of heat and amount of vaporization can be different, but essence without departing from the scope and spirit of the present invention.For example, in one embodiment, the parameter of working fluid depends on the type and the temperature of employed external heat source stream.In another embodiment, the parameter of working fluid depends on the structure and the arrangement of HRVG parts.
In one embodiment, working fluid is the high-pressure sub-cooled liquid at 21 place.This fluid continues to flow to a little 22 places, at the pressure at this place because more lower slightly in the loss meeting at piping and control valve place.In this embodiment, the first external heat source stream 43-46 comprises low-temperature heat source, and second external heat source stream comprises the higher temperature external heat source stream.At point 22 places, liquid workflow enters heat exchanger HE-1, and it is partly heated by the low temperature of low-temperature heat source 45-46 at this place, and 42 places are still cold slightly excessively at point.(as long as the gasification section of working fluid 42 is enough little, thereby make working fluid can flow through 60/61 bifurcation reposefully, so also may make working fluid 42 a little more than bubble point with mechanical condensation.In another embodiment, boiling only when all existing, two heat source stream is begun.)
In an illustrated embodiment, working fluid 42 be divided into tributary 60 and 61 from the proportional substantially ratio of the heat of first and second external heat source stream.Tributary 60 and 61 is in bubble point, and has the essentially identical parameter except that flow velocity.Tributary 61-65 and 60-64 continue to flow through heat exchanger HE-2 and HE-3, absorb heat from high temperature and low temperature external heat source stream respectively, reach hotter, preferably with at point 64 and 65 places to fluid at the point 63 places similar parameter of concourse again.The point 63 places temperature can more than the dew point or below.To working fluid overheated by HE-4 by finishing from the heating of higher temperature heat source stream, reach the some parameter at 30 places.
In case heated gaseous workflow 30 is left heat exchanger HE-4, it moves to turbine T place.Turbine T expands the heated gaseous workflow, thereby is available form with the Conversion of energy of heated gaseous workflow.When the heated gaseous workflow expanded, it moved on on the lower pressure rating, and the mechanical energy that provides usefulness for turbine T is with generation electric energy or other useful energy, and the weary air-flow of generation.Along with circuit is finished, weary air-flow moves to distillation/condensation subsystem, and dilated there weary air-flow is condensed into condensate flow, and is ready to be pumped into higher pressure by pump P.
That Fig. 2 shows is according to an embodiment of the invention, obtain the heat energy system of heat from the first external heat source stream 43-45 and the second external heat source stream 25-26, and these two heat source stream have overlapping humidity province.In an illustrated embodiment, liquid workflow 22 is separated, and forms first tributary 61 and second tributary 62, rather than heats in heat exchanger HE-1 (see figure 1).Therefore, with heat exchanger HE-2 and heat exchanger HE-3 liquid workflow 22 is heated to more than the boiling point from overcooled liquid.The first tributary 61-65 is heated in heat exchanger HE-2.The second tributary 60-64 is heated in heat exchanger HE-3.The first tributary 61-65 and the second tributary 60-64 merge into the workflow of converging again again at point 63 places.Again the workflow of converging in heat exchanger HE-4 by overheated.
As known to those skilled in the art, can use the closed loop heat energy system of different structure and can not deviate from scope and spirit essence of the present invention.Use the heat transfer of extra heat exchanger in can optimization system, thereby can make the heat exchange quantity maximum of obtaining from external heat source stream.Yet when also unwanted optimization was provided, extra element can increase the extra cost and the complexity of system.
When externally the temperature of heat source stream enough produces working fluid temperature required, will not need this optimization.Perhaps, temperature required enough low when working fluid, thus when not needing the sort of optimization, system will not need extra heat exchanger.For example, in the thermal source of some expections, owing to the requirement to the waste gas acid dew piont corrosion, the temperature of higher temperature thermal source (the second external heat source stream 25-26) must be more much higher than temperature on every side.In such system, will need by using heat exchanger HE-1 that optimization is provided.In the place that does not have this type of restriction (as shown among the embodiment), with regard to the additional cost that does not need to include and produce owing to heat exchanger HE-1.
That Fig. 3 shows is according to an embodiment of the invention, obtain the heat energy system of heat from first external heat source stream and second external heat source stream, and these two heat source stream do not have overlapping humidity province.In an illustrated embodiment, liquid workflow moves on to heat exchanger HE-1 from putting 22.Liquid workflow 60-63 is heated by the first external heat source stream 43-45 in heat exchanger HE-1.Workflow moves to heat exchanger HE-3 from putting 63.Workflow 62-30 is heated by the second external heat source stream 25-26 at heat exchanger HE-3 place.
In the embodiment shown, the multicomponent workflow is heated, and the multicomponent workflow is not divided into first and second tributaries.The not total overlapping uniform temp district of the first external heat source stream 43-45 and the second external heat source stream 25-26.The first external heat source stream 43-45 comprises low-temperature heat source, and the second external heat source stream 25-26 comprises the higher temperature thermal source.Shown system can be used for a little, and the temperature at 26 places is necessary for unlike the much higher place of value of putting 43.In the place that does not need the desired optimization of heat exchanger HE-2, or use heat exchanger HE-2 and uneconomic place, can use the heat exchanger of two series connection shown in Figure 3.In the place that first and second heat source stream are more or less the same, will need to use the heat exchanger of two series connection.
As known to those skilled in the art, can use a plurality of heat exchangers in series of all kinds and structure and can not deviate from scope and spirit essence of the present invention.For example, in one embodiment, can use the heat exchanger of the 3rd series connection.In another embodiment, can use the heat exchanger more than three and can not deviate from scope and spirit essence of the present invention.
As known to those skilled in the art, the heat exchanger of all kinds and structure can be used for heat energy system of the present invention and can not deviate from scope and spirit essence of the present invention.For example, in one embodiment, one or more many heat exchangers comprise a boiler.In another embodiment, one or more many heat exchangers comprise a vaporizer.In another embodiment, one or more many heat exchangers comprise an economizer preheater.In another embodiment, use the made heat of another kind of type to pass to the heat exchanger that working fluid flows from external heat source stream.In another embodiment, the type of employed heat exchanger depends on its position and/or function in system.Heat exchanger is an example that heat is passed to the device of workflow.
Fig. 4 shows the heat energy system that obtains heat from first external heat source stream and second external heat source stream, and these two heat source stream have overlapping humidity province, and wherein first external heat source stream is higher temperature source.In this embodiment, workflow 22-40 is heated in heat exchanger HE-1 by the first external heat source stream 43-46 among the 45-46 of path.Workflow 40 is divided into first tributary 61 and second tributary 60.The first tributary 61-65 is heated in heat exchanger HE-2 by the first external heat source stream 43-46 among the 42-44 of path.The second tributary 60-64 is heated in heat exchanger HE-3 by the second external heat source stream 25-26.
After being heated in heat exchanger HE-2 and heat exchanger HE-3, first and second tributaries merge into the workflow of converging again 63 again.Again the workflow 63-30 that converges is heated in heat exchanger HE-5, thereby the first external heat source stream 43-46 from the 63-30 of path transmits heat.When the temperature of the first external heat source stream 43-46 is higher than the second external heat source stream 25-26 at point 25 places, the overheated of workflow 63-30 finished by the heat exchanger HE-5 place of the first external heat source stream 43-46 in the 43-41 of path.In this embodiment, the second external heat source stream 25-26 is used for adding heat in the ebullator.
In this embodiment, even be under the situation of high temperature heat source, also can utilize the overlapping uniform temp district of external heat source stream to optimize heat from first and second external heat source stream in first external heat source stream.Except the heat that ebullator is provided, first external heat source stream also is used for pre-hot liquid workflow and the overheated workflow of converging again.As known to those skilled in the art, can adopt with two bursts of workflows and heat the method and apparatus of the dissimilar of a multicomponent workflow among the HRVG and structure and can not deviate from scope and spirit essence of the present invention.
That Fig. 5 shows is according to an embodiment of the invention, with first heat recovery steam generator from first external heat source stream with obtain the heat energy system of heat from second external heat source stream with second heat recovery steam generator.In the embodiment shown, condensate flow 14 is pumped into higher pressure at pump P1 place, thereby forms liquid workflow 21.At point 29 places, liquid workflow is divided into first tributary 66 and second tributary 32.The first tributary 66-65 is heated in heat exchanger HE-1 by the first external heat source stream 43-45.In case after first tributary was heated in heat exchanger HE-1, it was converted into heated gaseous workflow 65, presses turbine IPT during this workflow is sent to, and do not converge again with second tributary.Second tributary 32 is pumped into higher stress level at pump P2 place.Behind the stress level that is pumped into more more, workflow 22-30 is heated in heat exchanger HE-3 by the second thermal source 25-26, and becomes heated gaseous workflow 30.Heated gaseous workflow 30 is sent to high-pressure turbine HPT place, expands under high pressure conditions, and converges formation fluid stream 44 with fluid stream 67.In the embodiment shown, the first external heat source stream 43-45 comprises low-temperature heat source, and the second external heat source stream 25-26 comprises the higher temperature thermal source.In addition, each burst tributary is heated in dividing other HRVG, rather than converges again in a HRVG system.
In this embodiment, under the required pressure of turbine HPT inlet, the working fluid parameter of putting 65 places contains too much not gasified liquid will carry.Therefore, working fluid 66-67 is pressurized to lower pressure with relevant heat exchanger HE-1, and working fluid 22-30 is pressurized to higher pressure with relevant heat exchanger HE-3 by pump P2.Two strands independently workflow before expanding, do not converge again.On the contrary, in suitable follow-up phase, operating on low voltage stream 65 enters second turbine, or the second level parts of same turbine.Shown in structure have many advantages of using two parallel thermals source.
That Fig. 6 shows is according to an embodiment of the invention, obtain the heat energy system of heat from two above external heat source stream.In the embodiment shown, Fig. 1 and system shown in Figure 5 are combined use.The first thermal source 25-26 and the second thermal source 43-46 are used for the HRVG with similar system shown in Figure 1.With similar low pressure the 2nd HRVG shown in Figure 5 in path 86-87 in heat source H E-6 place, the 3rd external heat source 85-88 is used for adding the first workflow 69-66 of hot path 68-67.As known to those skilled in the art, the All aspects of of different embodiments of the invention can be combined and do not deviate from scope and spirit essence of the present invention.
The present invention also can other concrete form implements and does not deviate from its spirit and substantive characteristics.Where face in office should think that described embodiment is for example and not limitation.Therefore, scope of the present invention is limited but not foregoing description by claims.All implications that fall into claim with and the equivalent scope in change be included in its scope.
Claims (34)
1. one kind is carried out heat energy circuit method, comprising:
Multicomponent gaseous working stream is expanded, its transformation of energy is available form and generates weary air-flow;
Make weary condensation, generate condensate flow;
To condensate flow pressurization and generation workflow;
With many external heat source stream heating work stream,
Wherein, a plurality of external heat source stream have different temperature,
And two or more in described a plurality of external heat source stream have identical humidity province.
2. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that, also comprises workflow is divided into first tributary and second tributary.
3. method as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that, heats first tributary with first external heat source stream at least.
4. method as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that, heats second tributary with second external heat source stream at least.
5. one kind is carried out heat energy circuit method, comprising:
To become available form from the transformation of energy of gaseous state multicomponent workflow and form weary air-flow;
Make weary condensation, to generate liquid workflow;
Liquid workflow is heated to bubble point;
Utilize the uniform temp district of superimposed a plurality of external heat source stream and workflow is heated to boiling section at least from bubble point, thus the thermal capacitance of increase boiling section; And
Workflow is heated to more than the boiling point, thereby generates the heated gaseous workflow.
6. method as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that, draws together thereby make weary condensation generate liquid workflow packages: will lack condensation to form condensate flow; And to condensate flow pressurization to generate liquid workflow.
7. method as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that the heating of liquid towards workflow is carried out in a heat exchanger.
8. method as claimed in claim 7 is characterized in that, the heating of liquid towards workflow is to comprise in the heat exchanger of economizer preheater one carrying out.
9. method as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that, also comprises liquid workflow is divided into first tributary and second tributary.
10. method as claimed in claim 9 is characterized in that, heats first tributary with the overlapping uniform temp district of first external heat source stream.
11. method as claimed in claim 9 is characterized in that, heats second tributary with the overlapping uniform temp district of second external heat source stream.
12. method as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that, a plurality of external heat source stream comprise two or more external heat source stream.
13. one kind is carried out heat energy circuit method, comprising:
Multicomponent gaseous working stream is expanded, its transformation of energy is available form and generates weary air-flow;
Make weary condensation and generate condensate flow;
To condensate flow pressurization and generate liquid workflow;
Liquid workflow is divided into first tributary and second tributary;
At least heat first tributary with first external heat source stream; And heat second tributary with second external heat source stream at least;
Wherein, described external heat source stream has different temperature,
And two or more in the described external heat source stream have identical humidity province.
14. method as claimed in claim 13 is characterized in that, heating first tributary in first heat recovery steam generator.
15. method as claimed in claim 14 is characterized in that, heating second tributary in second heat recovery steam generator.
16. method as claimed in claim 15 is characterized in that, second tributary is pressurized to the pressure greater than first tributary.
17. method as claimed in claim 15 is characterized in that, expand under situation about not converging again in first tributary and second tributary.
18. method as claimed in claim 13 is characterized in that, expand after converging again in first tributary and second tributary.
19. method as claimed in claim 18 is characterized in that, heat in a vapor recovery generator in first tributary and second tributary.
20. method as claimed in claim 13, it is characterized in that second tributary is separated, generate extra tributary, this extra tributary in second tributary is heated by first and second external heat source stream, and heat with the 3rd external heat source stream in first heat recovery steam generator in first tributary.
21. method as claimed in claim 20 is characterized in that, heat under the pressure in each tributary that is lower than second tributary in first tributary.
22. one kind is carried out heat energy circuit equipment, comprising:
One expander, this expander connection is used for admitting the multicomponent gaseous working stream, and is suitable for the transformation of energy of multicomponent gaseous working stream is available form and forms preliminary condensation stream;
One condenser, this condenser are applicable to condensation preliminary condensation stream, thereby generate liquid workflow;
One pump, this pump are configured to be used for to the condensate flow pressurization, thereby generate workflow;
One heat exchanger, this heat exchanger are configured to come heating work stream with a plurality of external heat sources,
Wherein, a plurality of external heat source stream have different temperature,
And two or more in described a plurality of external heat source stream have identical humidity province.
23. equipment as claimed in claim 22 is characterized in that, expander comprises a turbine.
24. equipment as claimed in claim 23 is characterized in that, turbine comprises first parts and second parts.
25. equipment as claimed in claim 22 is characterized in that, expander comprises first turbine and second turbine.
26. equipment as claimed in claim 22 is characterized in that condenser comprises distillation/condensation subsystem.
27. equipment as claimed in claim 22 is characterized in that, heat exchanger comprises a plurality of heat exchangers.
28. equipment as claimed in claim 27 is characterized in that, first heat exchanger comprises economizer preheater, and this preheater is heated to liquid workflow near the bubble point.
29. equipment as claimed in claim 28 is characterized in that, is flowed in the boiling section heating work by second heat exchanger at least.
30. equipment as claimed in claim 29 is characterized in that, at least by the 3rd heat exchanger with the overheated one-tenth heated gaseous of workflow workflow.
31. one kind is carried out heat energy circuit equipment, comprising:
One expander, this expander connection is used for admitting the multicomponent gaseous working stream, and is suitable for the transformation of energy of multicomponent gaseous working stream is available form and forms preliminary condensation stream;
One condenser, this condenser are applicable to condensation preliminary condensation stream, thereby generate liquid workflow;
One pump, this pump are configured to be used for to the condensate flow pressurization, thereby generate workflow;
One device, this device comes to conduct heat to workflow with a plurality of external heat sources,
Wherein, a plurality of external heat source stream have different temperature,
And two or more in described a plurality of external heat source stream have identical humidity province.
32. equipment as claimed in claim 31 is characterized in that, the device that is used to conduct heat comprises heat exchanger.
33. one kind is carried out heat energy circuit equipment, comprising:
One expander, this expander are suitable for making the multicomponent gaseous working stream to expand, and the transformation of energy of this workflow is available form and forms preliminary condensation stream;
One condenser, this condenser will lack the air-flow conversion and generate condensate flow;
One pump, this pump are configured to be used for to the condensate flow pressurization, thereby generate workflow;
One first heat exchanger is to flow with the first external heat source stream heating work;
One shunt forming first tributary and second tributary, thereby forms workflow;
One second heat exchanger is to heat first tributary with first external heat source stream;
One the 3rd heat exchanger is to heat second tributary with second external heat source stream;
One interflow device is to form the workflow of converging again from first tributary and second tributary;
One the 4th heat exchanger with the workflow converged again of heating, thereby forms the heated gaseous workflow,
Wherein, described external heat source stream has different temperature,
And two or more in the described external heat source stream have identical humidity province.
34. one kind is carried out heat energy circuit method, comprises;
Multicomponent gaseous working stream is expanded, its transformation of energy is available form and generates weary air-flow;
Make weary condensation, generate condensate flow;
To condensate flow pressurization and generation workflow;
Flow with the first external heat source stream heating work;
Workflow is separated to form first tributary and second tributary;
Heat first tributary with first external heat source stream;
Heat second tributary with second external heat source stream;
The workflow that formation converges is again converged in first tributary and second tributary again; And
The workflow that heating converges again, thus the heated gaseous workflow formed,
Wherein, described external heat source stream has different temperature,
And two or more in the described external heat source stream have identical humidity province.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US46919703P | 2003-05-09 | 2003-05-09 | |
| US60/469,197 | 2003-05-09 | ||
| US10/841,845 | 2004-05-07 |
Related Child Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2007101620340A Division CN101148999B (en) | 2003-05-09 | 2004-05-10 | Method and apparatus for acquiring heat from multiple heat sources |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1806095A CN1806095A (en) | 2006-07-19 |
| CN100385093C true CN100385093C (en) | 2008-04-30 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2007101620340A Expired - Fee Related CN101148999B (en) | 2003-05-09 | 2004-05-10 | Method and apparatus for acquiring heat from multiple heat sources |
| CNB2004800164877A Expired - Fee Related CN100385093C (en) | 2003-05-09 | 2004-05-10 | Method and apparatus for acquiring heat from multiple heat sources |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN2007101620340A Expired - Fee Related CN101148999B (en) | 2003-05-09 | 2004-05-10 | Method and apparatus for acquiring heat from multiple heat sources |
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| US9725652B2 (en) | 2015-08-24 | 2017-08-08 | Saudi Arabian Oil Company | Delayed coking plant combined heating and power generation |
| CN110273723A (en) * | 2019-06-13 | 2019-09-24 | 天津大学 | A kind of shunt carbon dioxide power circulation system for afterheat of IC engine recycling |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2010974A (en) * | 1977-12-05 | 1979-07-04 | Fiat Spa | Heat Recovery System |
| US4548043A (en) * | 1984-10-26 | 1985-10-22 | Kalina Alexander Ifaevich | Method of generating energy |
| US4604867A (en) * | 1985-02-26 | 1986-08-12 | Kalina Alexander Ifaevich | Method and apparatus for implementing a thermodynamic cycle with intercooling |
| US5715682A (en) * | 1996-01-24 | 1998-02-10 | Ebara Corporation | Combined-cycle power generation system using waste matter as fuel |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4899545A (en) * | 1989-01-11 | 1990-02-13 | Kalina Alexander Ifaevich | Method and apparatus for thermodynamic cycle |
| US5572871A (en) * | 1994-07-29 | 1996-11-12 | Exergy, Inc. | System and apparatus for conversion of thermal energy into mechanical and electrical power |
| US5953918A (en) * | 1998-02-05 | 1999-09-21 | Exergy, Inc. | Method and apparatus of converting heat to useful energy |
-
2004
- 2004-05-10 CN CN2007101620340A patent/CN101148999B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-05-10 CN CNB2004800164877A patent/CN100385093C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2010974A (en) * | 1977-12-05 | 1979-07-04 | Fiat Spa | Heat Recovery System |
| US4548043A (en) * | 1984-10-26 | 1985-10-22 | Kalina Alexander Ifaevich | Method of generating energy |
| US4604867A (en) * | 1985-02-26 | 1986-08-12 | Kalina Alexander Ifaevich | Method and apparatus for implementing a thermodynamic cycle with intercooling |
| US5715682A (en) * | 1996-01-24 | 1998-02-10 | Ebara Corporation | Combined-cycle power generation system using waste matter as fuel |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN101148999A (en) | 2008-03-26 |
| CN101148999B (en) | 2011-01-26 |
| CN1806095A (en) | 2006-07-19 |
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