CN100384590C - Liquid magnetic grinding and it preparation method - Google Patents
Liquid magnetic grinding and it preparation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN100384590C CN100384590C CNB2005100126871A CN200510012687A CN100384590C CN 100384590 C CN100384590 C CN 100384590C CN B2005100126871 A CNB2005100126871 A CN B2005100126871A CN 200510012687 A CN200510012687 A CN 200510012687A CN 100384590 C CN100384590 C CN 100384590C
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- magnetic abrasive
- base fluid
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- surfactant
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a liquid magnetic grinding tool and a preparation method thereof, which belongs to the field of the finishing cut of a mechanical product. The present invention relates to a liquid magnetic grinding tool, a working method and a device. The liquid magnetic grinding tool is a novel grinding tool suitable for the finishing cut of the surfaces of a metallic part and a nonmetallic part. The liquid magnetic grinding tool of the present invention can flow freely under the condition of no magnetic field function. But under the function of a magnetic field, the rheologic performance of liquid can be changed rapidly, the liquid is changed into a viscoplastic substance with certain rigidity, and a 'soft grinding layer' with certain rigidity is formed along the surface contacting a workpiece. Finishing cut to the surface of the workpiece can be realized by relative movement between the workpiece and the grinding layer. The shear yield stress of the liquid magnetic grinding tool can be adjusted by magnetic field intensity, and once the magnetic field disappears, the liquid magnetic grinding tool can quickly restore the original liquid state. Precise finishing cut, polishing and deburring processing to complex surfaces and particularly the class of a turning curved part can be conveniently realized by utilizing the favorable characteristics.
Description
One, technical field
Liquid-magnetic abrasive tool and its preparation method of the present invention belongs to engineering goods polishing manufacture field, relate to liquid-magnetic abrasive tool, processing method and equipment, be a kind of novel grinding tool that is applicable to metal and the processing of non-metal workpiece surface finishing, can realize precise finishing, polishing and the deburring processing of complicated surface of revolution class piece surface, mold cavity surface easily.
Two, technical background
The surface quality of machine components to the assembly precision of complete machine, performance and service life important influence.Along with the development of Modern High-Speed, high precision apparatus, the surface quality of part has also been proposed more and more higher requirement, therefore to machinery part surface carry out polishing processing become modern product make in necessary together operation.Up to the present, the polishing processing method of having developed and having used has kind more than 20, except traditional machined filing, new technology, new methods such as barreling, magnetically grinding, extrusion honing, electrolytics polishing, ultrasonic polishing are are successively researched and developed out in machinery part surface polishing field, and every kind of method all has good effect to solving certain problem.But, no matter be that conventional method or the new technology of developing recently all exist deficiency, be mainly reflected in following some:
1. relatively more difficult when traditional mechanical grinding method processing irregular surfaces, cavity surface, and equipment interoperability is poor.
2. electrolysis, chemistry and the deburring of heat energy polishing are better, but poor controllability, and do not possess the precise finishing ability;
3. ultrasonic, low, the poor controllability of abrasive flows polishing efficient.
In order to address these problems, particularly in order to realize precise finishing processing to the surface of revolution class part of extensive application in the engineering goods, invented liquid-magnetic abrasive tool, set up liquid-magnetic abrasive tool polishing processing technology basic theory, and finished experimental analysis and equipment development.
Three, summary of the invention
So the purpose of liquid-magnetic abrasive tool and its preparation method of the present invention is effectively solving complex surface, special surface of revolution class part polishing and deburring, carry out the difficult problem of precise finishing processing, thereby disclose a kind of technology of stablizing thick suspension liquid magnetic grinding tool and preparation method thereof.
Liquid-magnetic abrasive tool of the present invention, it is characterized in that it being a kind of thick suspension liquid magnetic grinding tool of stablizing, do not flow freely shape liquid there being magnetic field to be as the time spent, externally undergo phase transition under the effect of magnetic field, be converted into Bingham medium rapidly, automatically along forming a flexible grinding layer with certain rigidity with the contacted surface of workpiece with certain shear yield stress; This liquid-magnetic abrasive tool is made up of base fluid, paramagnetic particles, surfactant and non magnetic abrasive material etc.; Its component is: the mass percent of base fluid is 20%～60%, paramagnetic particles mass percent be 10%～60%, surfactant shared mass percent in liquid-magnetic abrasive tool is 1%～6%, the mass percent of non magnetic abrasive material is 10%～60%, and the average grain diameter of non magnetic abrasive material is 40 orders～120 orders.
Above-mentioned liquid-magnetic abrasive tool is characterized in that described base fluid is: water, kerosene or alcohol, described paramagnetic particles is: average diameter is the Fe of 1 μ m～10 μ m
3O
4Or carbonyl iron, described surfactant is: oleic acid, lauryl sodium sulfate or dodecyl sodium sulfate, described non magnetic abrasive material is: average grain diameter is 40 orders～120 purpose carborundum, Al
2O
3Or corundum.
The method for preparing aforesaid liquid magnetic grinding tool, it is characterized in that, at first according to mass percent base fluid 20%～60%, paramagnetic particles 10%～60%, surfactant 1%～6%, non magnetic abrasive material 10%～60%, surfactant-dispersed in base fluid, is added paramagnetic particles and non magnetic abrasive material then successively, and raw material is fully mixed by machinery, ultrasonic dispersion technology, formation has the viscous liquid magnetic grinding tool of sedimentation stability, and its concrete steps are:
A) add base fluid in non magnetic container, base fluid is selected water or kerosene according to the processing needs, and the base fluid percentage by weight accounts for liquid-magnetic abrasive tool gross weight 20%～60%;
B) select average grain diameter to be about 1 μ m～10 μ m paramagnetic particles Fe
3O
4Or carbonyl iron, the paramagnetic particles percentage by weight accounts for 10%～60% of liquid-magnetic abrasive tool;
C) surfactant is: oleic acid, lauryl sodium sulfate or dodecyl sodium sulfate, and the surfactant percentage by weight accounts for 1%～6% of liquid-magnetic abrasive tool;
D) non magnetic abrasive material is: carborundum or Al
2O
3, non magnetic abrasive material percentage by weight accounts for 10%～60% of liquid-magnetic abrasive tool;
E) surfactant in the c step is added in the base fluid, and adopts the mechanical agitation method, stir 10---30 minutes, make it to be distributed to equably in the base fluid;
F) with above-mentioned b) paramagnetic particles selected adds in the mixed solution of base fluid and surfactant, and employing agitator or colloid mill fully mix, and incorporation time is: 4---6 hours;
G) with d) described non magnetic abrasive material adds in the mixed liquor of base fluid, surfactant and paramagnetic particles, and adopt agitator or colloid mill fully to mix, and incorporation time is: 10---30 minutes;
H) adopt ultrasonic dispersion agitator that the mixing material of above preparation is further mixed, incorporation time is: 40---60 minutes, increase its stability, and form liquid-magnetic abrasive tool with sedimentation stability.
Liquid-magnetic abrasive tool and its preparation method of the present invention is compared with traditional diamond-making technique, advantage be embodied in following some:
1. liquid-magnetic abrasive tool has good shape adaptability, can realize the polishing processing of non-regular outer surface of part and die cavity, has very strong surperficial adaptability and versatility.This is that it is the liquid with good fluidity before applying magnetic field, can fully contact with the surface and the die cavity of workpiece because liquid-magnetic abrasive tool has rheological characteristic, apply magnetic field after, just can make polishing and process complex surface.
2. liquid-magnetic abrasive tool has good material adaptability, and it can realize the polishing processing to various metal material parts, ceramic material part etc.
3. using liquid magnetic grinding tool carries out polishing processing, can make the part to be processed surface obtain lower surface roughness value, and the final surface roughness value of many material parts can reach Ra≤0.05.
4. liquid-magnetic abrasive tool has higher working (machining) efficiency, and material removing rate is compared higher with other free polishing processing method.
5. liquid-magnetic abrasive tool polishing processing is a kind of flexible processing, adds the man-hour workpiece and can not carry excessive external force, and processing heat also can be taken away by liquid-magnetic abrasive tool, therefore can not produce the damage of surface and subsurface, and it is less to be harmful to residual stress.
6. the processing of liquid-magnetic abrasive tool polishing has good controllability, can control the size of whole finished surface or local surfaces grinding pressure by regulating magnetic field intensity easily, has certain modification capability.
7. liquid-magnetic abrasive tool polishing processing devices needed is simple, and is not high to the required precision of equipment, can be conveniently used in production practices.
Four, description of drawings
Fig. 1 is liquid-magnetic abrasive tool polishing process principle figure (1. apotting spindles, 2. workpiece, 3. containers, 4. grip blocks, 5. liquid-magnetic abrasive tools, 6. coils, 7. magnetic poles, 8. locking nuts among the figure)
Fig. 2 is the photo in kind of the liquid-magnetic abrasive tool when not adding magnetic field
Fig. 3 is the liquid-magnetic abrasive tool photo in kind that applies behind the magnetic field
Fig. 4 utilizes liquid-magnetic abrasive tool workpiece to be carried out the photo in kind of polishing processing on CNC milling machine
Now be described as follows in conjunction with figure:
Liquid-magnetic abrasive tool polishing process principle as shown in Figure 1. Utilize the liquid-magnetic abrasive tool polishing to add man-hour, need first liquid-magnetic abrasive tool to be put into non magnetic container, then workpiece to be processed is fixed on the anchor clamps, anchor clamps are fixed on the main shaft of milling machine with chuck again, and by adjusting lifting platform workpiece is immersed in the intelligent liquid grinding tool, so just finished the preparation of processing. Begin to carry out polishing and add man-hour, to not have in the situation of external magnetic field, open lathe, main shaft drive workpiece by lathe is done the high speed rotary motion, in order to improve uniformity and the working (machining) efficiency of polishing processing, except circular main motion, the general synkinesia that also should make workpiece that other form is arranged is such as the reciprocating motion of workpiece. After workpiece motion s is normal, apply the external magnetic field, liquid-magnetic abrasive tool will undergo phase transition like this, and along forming " the flexible grinding layer " with certain rigidity with the contacted surface of workpiece, because the motion of workpiece, make machined surface and the abrasive particle in the grinding layer of workpiece produce relative motion, abrasive particle will produce to surface of the work the effects such as scraping, roll extrusion, impact, thereby realizes the polishing processing of surface of revolution. In process, by the electric current of control electromagnet coil, can adjust easily the intensity of external magnetic field, thus the rigidity of control " flexible grinding layer "; Rotating speed by the control machine tool chief axis can be controlled the relative velocity of flexible grinding layer and surface of the work easily, so just can realize preferably the control to whole process.
Five, the specific embodiment
Embodiment 1:
Adopt liquid-magnetic abrasive tool of the present invention, to diameter is that permeability magnetic material 45 steel test specimens and non-magnet material duralumin (YL12) test specimen of 30mm tested respectively, and each nine of two kinds of materials of 45# steel and hard aluminium alloy YL12 are divided into two groups and test according to orthogonal manner.The liquid-magnetic abrasive tool that experiment is adopted is by water 195 grams (weight ratio 31.4%), carbonyl iron 270 grams (weight ratio 43.4%), dodecyl sodium sulfate 6.2 grams (weight ratio 1%) and 150 gram (weight ratio 24.2%) preparations of 54 purpose silicon carbide abrasives; Dodecyl sodium sulfate is added in the entry, and adopt the mechanical agitation method, stirred 10 minutes, make it to be distributed to equably in the base fluid; The carbonyl iron particulate is added in the mixed solution of base fluid and surfactant, and adopt agitator fully to mix, incorporation time is 4 hours; Silicon carbide abrasive is added in the mixed liquor of base fluid, surfactant and paramagnetic particles, and adopt agitator fully to mix, incorporation time is 10 minutes, adopt ultrasonic dispersion agitator that the mixing material of above preparation is further mixed at last, incorporation time is 40 minutes, increase its stability, form liquid-magnetic abrasive tool with sedimentation stability.
Polishing experiment is carried out on CNC milling machine, to rotating speed, exciting current and process time 3 key factors that influence processing effect experimentize Orthogonal Method experimental program such as table 1.Experiment gained data such as table 2.
Table 1 rotating speed, electric current and process times 3 the factor orthogonal design table
Table 2 experimental data
In order to verify that liquid-magnetic abrasive tool carries out accurately machined ability, the abrasive material of liquid-magnetic abrasive tool in the above-mentioned experiment is replaced by 80 orders, keep workpiece rotational frequency 900rpm, exciting current 3A, and select hard aluminium alloy workpiece further experiment, experimental result such as table 3.From experimental result as can be seen, liquid-magnetic abrasive tool of the present invention can effectively reduce the test specimen surface roughness value, can obtain lower surface roughness value, is a kind of good novel polishing converted products.
| Process time (min) | 0 | 5 | 10 | 20 | 25 | 30 |
| Surface roughness Ra (μ m) | 1.042 | 0.31 | 0.127 | 0.063 | 0.060 | 0.061 |
Table 3 hard aluminium alloy workpiece surface roughness situation of change
Embodiment 2:
Adopt liquid-magnetic abrasive tool of the present invention, to diameter is that permeability magnetic material 45 steel test specimens and non-magnet material duralumin (YL12) test specimen of 30mm tested respectively, and each nine of two kinds of materials of 45# steel and hard aluminium alloy YL12 are divided into two groups and test according to orthogonal manner.The liquid-magnetic abrasive tool that experiment is adopted is by water 200 grams (weight ratio 29.96%), carbonyl iron 280 grams (weight ratio 41.95%), dodecyl sodium sulfate 7.5 grams (weight ratio 1.12%) and 180 gram (weight ratio 26.97%) preparations of 80 purpose silicon carbide abrasives.Dodecyl sodium sulfate is added in the entry, and adopt the mechanical agitation method, stirred 30 minutes, make it to be distributed to equably in the base fluid; The carbonyl iron particulate is added in the mixed solution of base fluid and surfactant, and adopt agitator fully to mix, incorporation time is 6 hours; Silicon carbide abrasive is added in the mixed liquor of base fluid, surfactant and paramagnetic particles, and adopt agitator fully to mix, incorporation time is 30 minutes; Adopt ultrasonic dispersion agitator that the mixing material of above preparation is further mixed at last, incorporation time is 60 minutes, increases its stability, forms the liquid-magnetic abrasive tool with sedimentation stability.
The polishing experiment is carried out on CNC milling machine, is keeping workpiece rotational frequency 900rpm, exciting current 3A, and selects the experiment of hard aluminium alloy workpiece, experimental result such as table 4.
| Process time (min) | 0 | 5 | 10 | 20 | 25 | 30 |
| Surface roughness Ra (μ m) | 1.042 | 0.28 | 0.103 | 0.065 | 0.063 | 0.062 |
Table 4 hard aluminium alloy workpiece surface roughness situation of change
Embodiment 3:
Adopt liquid-magnetic abrasive tool of the present invention, to diameter is that permeability magnetic material 45 steel test specimens and non-magnet material duralumin (YL12) test specimen of 30mm tested respectively, and each nine of two kinds of materials of 45# steel and hard aluminium alloy YL12 are divided into two groups and test according to orthogonal manner.The liquid-magnetic abrasive tool that experiment is adopted is by water 200 grams (weight ratio 29.96%), carbonyl iron 280 grams (weight ratio 41.95%), dodecyl sodium sulfate 7.5 gram (weight ratio 1.12%) and 80 purpose AL
2O
3Abrasive material 180 gram (weight ratio 26.97%) preparations.Dodecyl sodium sulfate is added in the entry, and adopt the mechanical agitation method, stirred 20 minutes, make it to be distributed to equably in the base fluid; The carbonyl iron particulate is added in the mixed solution of base fluid and surfactant, and adopt colloid mill fully to mix, incorporation time is 5 hours; With non magnetic abrasive material AL
2O
3Add in the mixed liquor of base fluid, surfactant and paramagnetic particles, and adopt colloid mill fully to mix, incorporation time is 20 minutes, adopt ultrasonic dispersion agitator that the mixing material of above preparation is further mixed at last, incorporation time is 50 minutes, increase its stability, form liquid-magnetic abrasive tool with sedimentation stability.
The polishing experiment is carried out on CNC milling machine, is keeping workpiece rotational frequency 900rpm, exciting current 3A, and selects the experiment of hard aluminium alloy workpiece, experimental result such as table 5.
| Process time (min) | 0 | 5 | 10 | 20 | 25 | 30 |
| Surface roughness Ra (μ m) | 1.042 | 0.32 | 0.21 | 0.105 | 0.098 | 0.092 |
Table 5 hard aluminium alloy workpiece surface roughness situation of change
Claims (3)
1. liquid-magnetic abrasive tool, it is characterized in that it being a kind of thick suspension liquid magnetic grinding tool of stablizing, do not flow freely shape liquid there being magnetic field to be as the time spent, externally undergo phase transition under the effect of magnetic field, be converted into Bingham medium rapidly, automatically along forming a flexible grinding layer with certain rigidity with the contacted surface of workpiece with certain shear yield stress; This liquid-magnetic abrasive tool is made up of base fluid, paramagnetic particles, surfactant and non magnetic abrasive material etc.; Its component is: the mass percent of base fluid is 20%～60%, paramagnetic particles mass percent be 10%～60%, surfactant shared mass percent in liquid-magnetic abrasive tool is 1%～6%, the mass percent of non magnetic abrasive material is 10%～60%, and the average grain diameter of non magnetic abrasive material is 40 orders～120 orders.
2. liquid-magnetic abrasive tool according to claim 1 is characterized in that described base fluid is: water, kerosene or alcohol, described paramagnetic particles is: average diameter is the Fe of 1 μ m～10 μ m
3O
4Or carbonyl iron, described surfactant is: oleic acid, lauryl sodium sulfate or dodecyl sodium sulfate, described non magnetic abrasive material is carborundum, Al
2O
3Or corundum.
3. the method for preparing the described liquid-magnetic abrasive tool of claim 1, it is characterized in that, according to mass percent base fluid 20%～60%, paramagnetic particles 10%～60%, surfactant 1%～6%, non magnetic abrasive material 10%～60%, at first with surfactant-dispersed in base fluid, add paramagnetic particles and non magnetic abrasive material then successively, and by machinery, ultrasonic dispersion technology fully mixes raw material, formation has the viscous liquid magnetic grinding tool of sedimentation stability, and its concrete steps are:
A) add base fluid in non magnetic container, base fluid is selected water or kerosene according to the processing needs, and the base fluid percentage by weight accounts for liquid-magnetic abrasive tool gross weight 20%～60%;
B) select average grain diameter to be about 1 μ m～10 μ m paramagnetic particles Fe
3O
4Or carbonyl iron, the paramagnetic particles percentage by weight accounts for 10%～60% of liquid-magnetic abrasive tool;
C) surfactant is: oleic acid, lauryl sodium sulfate or dodecyl sodium sulfate, and the surfactant percentage by weight accounts for 1%～6% of liquid-magnetic abrasive tool;
D) non magnetic abrasive material is: carborundum or Al
2O
3, non magnetic abrasive material percentage by weight accounts for 10%～60% of liquid-magnetic abrasive tool;
E) surfactant in the c step is added in the base fluid, and adopt the mechanical agitation method, stirred 10-30 minute, make it to be distributed to equably in the base fluid;
F) with above-mentioned b) paramagnetic particles selected adds in the mixed solution of base fluid and surfactant, and employing agitator or colloid mill fully mix, and incorporation time is: 4-6 hour;
G) with d) described non magnetic abrasive material adds in the mixed liquor of base fluid, surfactant and paramagnetic particles, and adopt agitator or colloid mill fully to mix, incorporation time is: 10-30 minute;
H) adopt ultrasonic dispersion agitator that the mixing material of above preparation is further mixed, incorporation time is: 40-60 minute, increase its stability, and form liquid-magnetic abrasive tool with sedimentation stability.
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| CN102091975A (en) * | 2010-12-06 | 2011-06-15 | 浙江工业大学 | Magnetorheological polishing method for free-form surface of mould |
| CN106363526B (en) * | 2016-08-30 | 2018-06-29 | 西北工业大学 | A kind of High Voltage Circuit Breaker Contacts burr remover and its burr removing method |
| CN107256750B (en) * | 2017-07-19 | 2020-06-26 | 太原理工大学 | Coated magnetic abrasive particle and preparation method thereof |
| CN110576340A (en) * | 2018-06-07 | 2019-12-17 | 中国航发商用航空发动机有限责任公司 | Surface treatment device for inner wall of additive manufacturing pipe fitting |
| CN109048506B (en) * | 2018-08-10 | 2020-10-23 | 太原理工大学 | Permanent magnet type liquid magnetic grinding tool surface finishing processing device and method |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6824701B1 (en) * | 2001-09-04 | 2004-11-30 | General Motors Corporation | Magnetorheological fluids with an additive package |
| CN1632891A (en) * | 2004-12-25 | 2005-06-29 | 重庆仪表材料研究所 | Magnetic rheological fluid |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6824701B1 (en) * | 2001-09-04 | 2004-11-30 | General Motors Corporation | Magnetorheological fluids with an additive package |
| CN1632891A (en) * | 2004-12-25 | 2005-06-29 | 重庆仪表材料研究所 | Magnetic rheological fluid |
Non-Patent Citations (4)
| Title |
|---|
| 基于磁流变液的光整技术及其实现装置. 郝建军，杨胜强，孙桓五.机械工程与自动化，第1期. 2005 |
| 基于磁流变液的光整技术及其实现装置. 郝建军，杨胜强，孙桓五.机械工程与自动化，第1期. 2005 * |
| 磁流变抛光液的研究. 尤伟伟，彭小强，戴一帆.光学精密工程，第12卷第3期. 2004 |
| 磁流变抛光液的研究. 尤伟伟，彭小强，戴一帆.光学精密工程，第12卷第3期. 2004 * |
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Assignee: Foshan Tora Filter Element Manufacturing Co., Ltd. Assignor: Taiyuan University of Technology Contract fulfillment period: 2008.5.8 to 2013.5.7 contract change Contract record no.: 2009440001151 Denomination of invention: Liquid magnetic grinding and it preparation method Granted publication date: 20080430 License type: Exclusive license Record date: 2009.8.10 |
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Free format text: EXCLUSIVE LICENSE; TIME LIMIT OF IMPLEMENTING CONTACT: 2008.5.8 TO 2013.5.7; CHANGE OF CONTRACT Name of requester: FOSHAN CITY BAOWANG FILTER ELEMENT MANUFACTURING C Effective date: 20090810 |