CN100383659C - Synchronous sequential control method for rotating disc type mechanical shutter - Google Patents
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Abstract
A synchronous sequential control method for rotating disk type mechanical shutter features that the photoelectric switch signal of rotating disk type mechanical shutter is used as synchronous reference signal, the movable photodiode of rotating disk type mechanical shutter is used to accurately measure the time delay between door opening time of actual incident beam and synchronous reference signal, and the trigger time of pulse laser is determined. The invention effectively shields the interference of various short-range stray return lights to the high-sensitivity photoelectric detector when the pulse laser is transmitted in the pulse laser transmitting and receiving photoelectric system, and accurately receives the effective return light signals in the expected time period. The invention is simple and easy to realize, and can be used in the application fields of laser radar, laser ranging, space laser communication, artificial laser guide stars in adaptive optics and the like.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of rotary disk mechanical shutter synchronous time sequence control method, use with high repetition frequency high precision rotary disk mechanical shutter matched with devices, receive the emission sequential of gating pulse laser instrument in the electro-optical system and the exposure time series of photodetector synchronously in the pulse laser emission.
Background technology
The ADAPTIVE OPTICS SYSTEMS of laser radar system, laser distance measuring system, space laser communication system, the artificial guiding of employing etc. can regard that the pulse laser emission receives electro-optical system synchronously as.Its working system all is to launch a laser pulse earlier, postpones to receive the light signal that returns from target with photodetector behind the certain hour, obtains effective information from heliogram.In this class electro-optical system, generally adopt the photoelectric detector of high sensitivity such as image intensifier, photomultiplier.Because various parasitic lights during the pulse laser emission and closely interior atmospheric backscatter light may make this class high sensitivity device cisco unity malfunction or damage, so need to adopt mechanical shutter devices that the photosurface of this class high sensitivity device is effectively protected.The photodetector self equipped with electronic shutter of some kind can provide protection to the circuit and the parts of inside, but it is exposed to the damage easily under the irradiation of strong parasitic light of outer photosurface, still needs with mechanical shutter it thoroughly to be protected.The switch door sequential of mechanical shutter devices must with the emission sequential of pulsed laser, the exposure time series precise synchronization of photodetector, otherwise do not have protective effect.Because the light velocity is very fast, only need about 1 microsecond time back and forth from 150 meters distances.In some application scenario, for example in the ADAPTIVE OPTICS SYSTEMS that adopts artificial guiding, the repetition frequency that requires mechanical shutter devices is up to KHz on the hundreds of, and lock in time, control accuracy required to reach the microsecond level.
Rotary disk mechanical shutter can reach very high switch repetition frequency, but its time is provided with precision depends on the physical construction of shutter device and the synchronous time sequence control method of employing, realize being provided with high repetition frequency and high lock in time very difficulty of precision technically simultaneously.Retrieving domestic and international technical paper and patent documentation finds, Wang Jingjiang is in " design of high precision rotating shutter " literary composition of " optical engineering " the 4th phase 12-17 page or leaf of publication in 1981, announced a kind of rotary disk mechanical shutter device, this device is gone up with gear set of motor-driven, utilize gear that many group blades are worked simultaneously, the structure more complicated, supporting with it synchronous time sequence control method is announced in " lock-servo system of high-precise synchronization control " literary composition of " optical engineering " the 2nd phase 1-9 page or leaf of publication in 1981 by Zhang Binghua, in this synchronous time sequence control method, synchronizing datum signal comes from outside source, and mechanical shutter devices and this external reference signal is synchronous.Because the inertia of mechanical shutter devices is bigger, and is slower to the reaction of outside synchronous triggering signal, must adopt this very complicated technology of the phase-locked control of impulsive synchronization means.Even like this, can only accomplish 1/120 second the fastest time shutter, with synchronization accuracy ± 20 microseconds of external reference signal.Because technical restriction, the repetition frequency that this external trigger synchronous control mode is difficult to reach higher and lock in time control accuracy.
Summary of the invention
Technology of the present invention is dealt with problems: overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of rotary disk mechanical shutter synchronous time sequence control method is provided, this method and high repetition frequency high precision rotary disk mechanical shutter matched with devices are used, receive in the electro-optical system emission sequential of gating pulse laser instrument and the exposure time series of photodetector effectively synchronously in pulse laser emission, to reach the control of high-precise synchronization time.
Technical solution of the present invention: a kind of rotary disk mechanical shutter synchronous time sequence control method, use with high repetition frequency high precision rotary disk mechanical shutter matched with devices, receive the emission sequential of gating pulse laser instrument in the electro-optical system and the exposure time series of photodetector synchronously in the pulse laser emission, it is characterized in that comprising the following steps:
(1) adopts internal trigger synchronous sequence control mode, promptly utilize light hole switch gate signal on the optoelectronic switch actual measurement rotating disk that carries on the rotary disk mechanical shutter device, as the synchronized positioning reference signal of gating pulse laser instrument emission sequential and photodetector exposure time series;
(2) utilize the removable photodiode that carries on the rotary disk mechanical shutter device to cooperate optoelectronic switch again, time delay Δ t0 to system self, to be the rotary disk mechanical shutter device carry out reality to the time delay Δ t1 with described synchronized positioning reference signal of opening the door constantly relatively of actual incident beam accurately demarcates, and an important parameter of controlling as synchronous sequence;
(3) postpone the size of Δ t0 according to the elapsed time, and given hope time delay, be the size of the moment of photodetector exposure, calculate the size of pulse laser x time with respect to the time delay Δ t1 of described synchronized positioning reference signal with respect to the time delay Δ t2 of pulse laser x time;
(4) determine the triggering state of pulsed laser according to logic judging method, promptly before each emission pulse laser, check the door opening state of rotating disk, the inversion signal of pulse laser trigger pip and mechanical shutter enabling signal is carried out the logical and operation, as new pulse laser trigger pip, mechanical shutter is in off state when guaranteeing the pulse laser emission with the output behind the logical and.
Adopt the pulse laser of said method to launch synchronous receiving system by target to be detected; telescopic system; spectroscope; pulsed laser; the rotating disk mechanical shutter devices; imaging optical system and photodetector are formed; the laser beam that pulsed laser sends is returned along original optical path after being transferred on the target to be detected by telescopic system; received by photodetector behind telescopic system that back light signal process is same and the imaging optical system; emission light beam and Returning beam are by the shared telescopic system of spectroscope; the rotating disk mechanical shutter devices is placed on the focal position of telescopic system; make switch door sequential and the emission sequential of pulsed laser and the exposure time series coordinate synchronization of photodetector of rotary disk mechanical shutter device, the various spuious light echo when the protection photodetector is avoided the pulsed laser emission disturbs.
Rotary disk mechanical shutter synchronous time sequence control method provided by the present invention, its synchronous sequence control circuit are simple and easy to realize that the precision of synchronous sequence control is decided by that the time of matching used rotary disk mechanical shutter device is provided with precision.This synchronous time sequence control method and a kind of high repetition frequency high precision rotary disk mechanical shutter matched with devices are used, and the repetition frequency of synchronous sequence control can reach KHz, and lock in time, control accuracy can reach the microsecond level.This rotary disk mechanical shutter synchronous time sequence control method can be used for the applications such as the artificial guiding of laser of laser radar, laser ranging, space laser communication, adaptive optics.
The advantage that the present invention compared with prior art has is: (1) adopts the internal trigger synchronous control mode, the switch gate signal that promptly utilizes light hole on the rotating disk of the optoelectronic switch actual measurement of providing for oneself on the rotary disk mechanical shutter device is as synchronizing datum signal, the emission sequential of synchro control pulsed laser and the exposure time series of photodetector; (2) important parameter of synchronous sequence control, be the time delay of mechanical shutter devices, can cooperate actual accurate demarcation of optoelectronic switch with the removable photodiode that carries on the mechanical shutter devices to open the door relative constantly and the positioning reference signal of actual incident beam; (3) the triggering state of paired pulses laser carries out the protectiveness logic determines, and mechanical shutter is in off state when guaranteeing the pulse laser emission; (4) because the internal trigger synchronous control mode is with the mechanical hook-up electron device that desynchronizes, the phase-locked synchronization control circuit of the sort of complexity when not needing the external trigger synchro control, its synchronous sequence control circuit is realized easily; (5) this synchronous time sequence control method and high repetition frequency high precision rotary disk mechanical shutter matched with devices are used, and the repetition frequency of synchronous sequence control can reach KHz, and lock in time, control accuracy can reach the microsecond level.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 receives the structural representation of using in the electro-optical system for the present invention synchronously in the pulse laser emission;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation with the matching used high repetition frequency high precision of the present invention rotary disk mechanical shutter device;
Fig. 3 controls synoptic diagram (effectively the light echo time delay is less than a shutter cycle) for the rotary disk mechanical shutter synchronous sequence that the pulse laser emission receives in the electro-optical system synchronously;
Fig. 4 controls synoptic diagram (effectively the light echo time delay is greater than a shutter cycle) for the rotary disk mechanical shutter synchronous sequence that the pulse laser emission receives in the electro-optical system synchronously.
Embodiment
Be illustrated in figure 1 as the present invention and receive the structural representation of using in the electro-optical system synchronously a pulse laser emission.This system is made up of target 1 to be detected, telescopic system 2, spectroscope 3, pulsed laser 4, rotating disk mechanical shutter devices 5, imaging optical system 6 and photodetector 7.The laser beam that pulsed laser 4 sends is returned along original optical path after being transferred on the target 1 to be detected by telescopic system 2, the back light signal is received by photodetector 7 through same telescopic system 2 and imaging optical system 6 backs, emission light beam and Returning beam are by spectroscope 3 shared telescopic systems 2, and rotating disk mechanical shutter devices 5 is placed on the focal position of telescopic system 2.
Usually pulsed laser 4 is by the external pulse signal triggering; the electronic shutter of photodetector 7 inside also can be subjected to the external pulse signal controlling; and synchronous time sequence control method of the present invention to the effect that determine the bright dipping time of pulsed laser 4 and the time shutter of photodetector 7 according to the work schedule of rotary disk mechanical shutter device 5; various stray light when protection photodetector 7 is avoided the pulse laser emission, and the work schedule of paired pulses laser instrument 4 and photodetector 7 carries out synchro control.
Be illustrated in figure 2 as structural representation with the matching used rotary disk mechanical shutter device of the present invention.Light tight thin disk 8 that has some rotational symmetry perforates directly is fixed on the spindle nose of high-speed electric expreess locomotive 11 by the locknut 9 and the axle sleeve 10 of left-hand thread, high-speed electric expreess locomotive 11 and optoelectronic switch 13 are fixed on the base 12, pass the back location of rotating disk at signal beams a high response speed photodiode 15 is installed, photodiode 15 is installed on the cantilever 14 that can freely put into light path or take away.
Introduce the specific implementation process of synchronous time sequence control method of the present invention below in conjunction with Fig. 2:
(1) at first utilizes the synchronous base of the enabling signal of each light hole on the rotating disk 9 of optoelectronic switch 13 actual measurements of providing for oneself on the rotary disk mechanical shutter device as sequential control;
(2) after the mechanical shutter Installation and Debugging are finished, before the life's work, with a pulse heliogram during with the continuous light source replacement work that the pulse heliogram is coaxial, beam size is identical to be measured, high-speed photodiode 15 is put into light path by cantilever 14.After whole mechanical shutter is with the speed stability of rotation of setting, should be able to produce the periodic signal of corresponding height-low-high level on the photodiode 15 along with the on-off-Tong of incoming signal light.Utilize instrument such as oscillograph accurately to measure to receive light hole to open the time interval of signal fully from optoelectronic switch 13 signal rising edges to photodiode 15, be designated as Δ t0, to substitute continuous light source after measurement is finished removes, high-speed photodiode 15 is shifted out light path by cantilever 14, and the time delay Δ t0 of mechanical shutter self is an important parameter of synchronous sequence control;
(3) according to the size of surveying parameter Δ t0, and given hope time delay, be the size of the moment of photodetector exposure, calculate the time delay Δ t1 of the bright dipping moment of pulsed laser with respect to the synchronized positioning reference signal with respect to the time delay Δ t2 of pulse laser x time.Concrete computing method will be in the back in conjunction with the accompanying drawings 3 and accompanying drawing 4 introduce.
(4) the periodic signal rising edge that produces with optoelectronic switch on the mechanical shutter devices 13 is a benchmark, and trigger pulse laser behind the time delay Δ t1 guarantees that interval of delta t 2 backs wish that the pulse heliogram that receives just in time dropped in the cycle of opening the door of mechanical switch.Before the pulse laser emission, also need the triggering state of paired pulses laser instrument to carry out final logic determines.(concrete determination methods will 4 be introduced in the back in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in detail)
(5), further time shutter of control photodetector in the cycle of opening the door of mechanical switch, reach the higher time shutter precision is set if employed photodetector self equipped with electronic shutter just produces a pulse signal in a narrow margin synchronous with mechanical shutter.At this moment the main effect of mechanical switch is the photosurface that suppresses veiling glare, protection photodetector.
(6) repeating step (3), (4), (5) make rotary disk mechanical shutter device and pulsed laser, the ground continuous working of photodetector coordinate synchronization.
The repetition frequency of rotary disk mechanical shutter device can reach KHz, and is corresponding therewith, millisecond of shutter period T less than.The pulse laser emission receives in the electro-optical system synchronously, wishes that the size of light echo time delay Δ t2 depends on the practical application needs.For example in the artificial laser guiding of adaptive optics, light echo is apart from several kilometers to tens kilometers, and corresponding light echo time delay Δ t2 is tens microseconds only, less than a shutter period T.Detection range such as laser radar system can reach several thousand kilometers again, and corresponding light echo time delay Δ t2 can reach more than a few tens of milliseconds, much larger than a shutter cycle.Both of these case need be treated respectively.
As shown in Figure 3; under the effective situation of light echo time delay Δ t2 less than a shutter period T; if measured time delay Δ t0; only time delay Δ t1=Δ t0-Δ t2 need be set; can guarantee that promptly opening the period fully at shutter only accepts the heliogram of wishing; and other period shutters are in complete off state, provide thorough protection to the photodetector of back.The switch of mechanical shutter and pulse laser emission, heliogram receive and carry out in an orderly manner synchronously.
As shown in Figure 4, at effective light echo time delay Δ t2 under the situation of a shutter period T, Δ t2 is decomposed into Δ t2=n * T+ Δ t2 ', wherein n is an integer, Δ t2 '＜T, time delay Δ t1=Δ t0-Δ t2 ' is set so, can guarantees to wish that the signal of accepting dropped in the time period of opening the door of mechanical shutter.Notice that n=0 wishes time delay Δ t2 less than the situation in a shutter cycle, key diagram 3 is the special case of Fig. 4 just.
When wishing that may there be such a case greater than a shutter in time delay Δ t2 during the cycle,, it also is the moment that needs to receive light echo promptly in the moment that needs emission pulse laser.If at this moment mechanical shutter is in open mode, will lose protective effect to detector.The method of avoiding this situation is to determine the triggering state of pulse laser according to the door opening state of rotating disk at every turn, require the inversion signal of trigger pip and mechanical shutter enabling signal to carry out logical and operation pulse laser, with the output behind the logical and as new pulse laser trigger pip.If mechanical shutter is opened, the inversion signal of its enabling signal is non-, and whether that then no matter imports requires laser trigger signal effective, and actual pulse laser trigger pip is non-, and photodetector is protected; If mechanical shutter is in off state, the inversion signal of its enabling signal is true, and then pulse laser can triggered as normal.Actual triggering state such as following table through logic determines afterpulse laser instrument are listed.
| Through the actual triggering state of logic determines afterpulse laser instrument | The requirement pulsed laser triggers | Do not require that pulsed laser triggers |
| Mechanical shutter is in off state | Trigger bright dipping | Do not trigger bright dipping |
| Mechanical shutter is in opening state | Do not trigger bright dipping | Do not trigger bright dipping |
After adding such logic determines, some working hour laser instrument with not bright dipping, this part working hour is called " dead band ", the dead band period only accounts for the very little part of whole working hours.For example in a mechanical shutter devices, 300 revolutions per seconds of motor speeds, rotating disk are opened 4 holes, and the light echo light beam is to 60 millimeters of center of turntable distances, shutter repetition frequency=300 * 4=1200 hertz, shutter cycle=1/1200=833 microsecond.If wish effective light echo pulse width 20 microseconds of reception, 1 millimeter of light echo beam diameter on the shutter rotating disk, shutter opening transit time=1/ (2 π * 300 * 60)=8.84 microseconds of turn-offing then, the rotating disk aperture portion is divided the subtended angle of relative disk axes=(8.84+20) * 1e-6 * 300 * 360=3.1 degree, keep certain dynamic range, design perforate subtended angle 3.6 degree, corresponding service time is 33.3 microseconds, corresponding shutoff segmental arc is 86.4 °, and the turn-off time is 800 microseconds.Suppose Δ t0=T, Δ t1=0 is so only in Δ t2=0～33.3 microseconds, T～T+33.3 microsecond, 2T～2T+33.3 microsecond ... these periods are invalid, and all the other periods are normally bright dipping and reception light echo all, and promptly the dead band period only accounts for 4% of whole periods.This influence can receive in most application scenarios.
Precision is set the lock in time of following simple analysis rotary disk mechanical shutter synchronous time sequence control method provided by the invention.Because this synchronous time sequence control method adopts the internal trigger method of synchronization, promptly with the rotary disk shutter gate signal of the optoelectronic switch actual measurement that carries on the rotary disk mechanical shutter device as the synchronized positioning benchmark; An and important parameter in the synchronous sequence control, be open the door the constantly time delay of relative positioning reference signal of mechanical shutter devices to actual incident beam, also can cooperate the actual accurately demarcation of optoelectronic switch with the removable photodiode that carries on the mechanical shutter devices, so the precision of rotary disk mechanical shutter synchronous time sequence control method provided by the invention depends mainly on the time of matching used rotary disk mechanical shutter device self precision is set, the time delay step-up error of other factors such as sequential control electronic circuit part can be ignored.According to synchronous time sequence control method provided by the invention, the high precision that precision can reach the microsecond level is set the lock in time of rotary disk mechanical shutter.
In the above mechanical shutter synchronous time sequence control method, relate to signal processing methods such as pulse signal generation, variable time delay, logic determines, all be some the simplest substantially conventional methods in the signal processing technology, utilize the electronic circuit technology means to be easy to realize.
Claims (2)
1. rotary disk mechanical shutter synchronous time sequence control method, use with high repetition frequency high precision rotary disk mechanical shutter matched with devices, receive the emission sequential of gating pulse laser instrument in the electro-optical system and the exposure time series of photodetector synchronously in the pulse laser emission, it is characterized in that comprising the following steps:
(1) adopts internal trigger synchronous sequence control mode, promptly utilize light hole switch gate signal on the optoelectronic switch actual measurement rotating disk that carries on the rotary disk mechanical shutter device, as the synchronized positioning reference signal of gating pulse laser instrument emission sequential and photodetector exposure time series;
(2) utilize the removable photodiode that carries on the rotary disk mechanical shutter device to cooperate optoelectronic switch again, time delay Δ t0 to system self, to be the rotary disk mechanical shutter device carry out reality to the time delay Δ t1 with described synchronized positioning reference signal of opening the door constantly relatively of actual incident beam accurately demarcates, and an important parameter of controlling as synchronous sequence;
(3) postpone the size of Δ t0 according to the elapsed time, and given hope time delay, be the size of the moment of photodetector exposure, calculate the size of pulse laser x time with respect to the time delay Δ t1 of described synchronized positioning reference signal with respect to the time delay Δ t2 of pulse laser x time;
(4) determine the triggering state of pulsed laser according to logic judging method, promptly before each emission pulse laser, check the door opening state of rotating disk, the inversion signal of pulse laser trigger pip and mechanical shutter enabling signal is carried out the logical and operation, as new pulse laser trigger pip, mechanical shutter is in off state when guaranteeing the pulse laser emission with the output behind the logical and.
2. adopt the pulse laser of the described method of claim 1 to launch synchronous receiving system, it is characterized in that: this system is by target to be detected, telescopic system, spectroscope, pulsed laser, the rotating disk mechanical shutter devices, imaging optical system and photodetector are formed, the laser beam that pulsed laser sends is returned along original optical path after being transferred on the target to be detected by telescopic system, received by photodetector behind telescopic system that back light signal process is same and the imaging optical system, emission light beam and Returning beam are by the shared telescopic system of spectroscope, and the rotating disk mechanical shutter devices is placed on the focal position of telescopic system.
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| CN102749786B (en) * | 2012-07-10 | 2015-04-01 | 中国科学院光电技术研究所 | Synchronous sequential control method for rotating disc type mechanical shutter |
| CN103336405A (en) * | 2013-07-09 | 2013-10-02 | 中国科学院光电技术研究所 | Improved shutter time delay measuring system |
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| CN107065603B (en) * | 2016-12-26 | 2024-01-26 | 同方威视技术股份有限公司 | Laser safety protection interlocking device and method |
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| CN110376937B (en) * | 2019-06-26 | 2021-06-25 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七一九研究所 | Time sequence control logic and signal processing method suitable for quasi-real-time dose rate measuring device based on pulse light release technology |
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| CN218995667U (en) * | 2022-11-25 | 2023-05-09 | 蔚来汽车科技(安徽)有限公司 | Cover opening protection circuit and device for controller, laser radar controller and driving device |
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| JP2002277548A (en) * | 2001-03-16 | 2002-09-25 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | High-precision distance measuring laser radar device |
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| JPS61114231A (en) * | 1984-11-09 | 1986-05-31 | Nec Corp | Fast mechanical shutter |
| US4743108A (en) * | 1986-12-29 | 1988-05-10 | Eastman Kodak Company | Dynamic shutter mechanism |
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| JP2002277548A (en) * | 2001-03-16 | 2002-09-25 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | High-precision distance measuring laser radar device |
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