CN100383367C - Automobile cold start exhaust absorption device and method - Google Patents
Automobile cold start exhaust absorption device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN100383367C CN100383367C CNB2006100896537A CN200610089653A CN100383367C CN 100383367 C CN100383367 C CN 100383367C CN B2006100896537 A CNB2006100896537 A CN B2006100896537A CN 200610089653 A CN200610089653 A CN 200610089653A CN 100383367 C CN100383367 C CN 100383367C
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Abstract
The invention relates to a vehicle cool-start discharge absorber, wherein said device is parallel connected to the ventilate tube (2) of internal-combustion engine; the active carbon block is covered by sheet steel plate to form active carbon absorber (8); the electric controller (1) via obtained cooling water temperature signal (16) and the rotation speed signal (15), and relative control strategy, via opening or closing several electromagnetic valves, fixes the working condition of active carbon absorber (8), to absorb the discharged material in the cool-start process; when the engine is started, it uses vacuum of throttle valve (5) to release the stored discharge material of active carbon, into the inlet tube (4), to be burnt out in cylinder; when the engine is warm, said device will be bypass. With said invention, the HC discharge can be reduced 79%, CO can be reduced 40% and NOx can be reduced 50%.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of automobile cold start exhaust absorption device, belong to the energy and environmental technology field.
Background technique
Along with the rapid increase of automobile quantity, motor vehicle exhaust emission has become the air pollution source of big city maximum, in order to slow down the trend that air quality worsens, the exhaust emissions of necessary strict Control of Automobile.With regard to the automotive emission control criterion, mainly contain USS United States Standard, Nippon Standard and European norm in the world, the road of China and service condition are close with Europe, so adopt European norm.For Europe 2 standards, emission limit is lower and disregard the initial 40 seconds discharging in starting back, and 100 seconds post oxygen sensors and ternary catalyzing unit are in normal working substantially, and engine emission can obtain good purification; For Europe 3, Europe 4 standards, emission limit than Europe 2 standards low respectively 35% and 70% and engine start after gather discharging at once, this moment is because engine temperature and delivery temperature are all lower, lambda sensor and ternary catalyzing unit cisco unity malfunction, the discharging that causes measuring sharply increases, Light-duty Vehicle is driven loop test and is shown, vehicle gasoline engine HC discharging 70～90% from the 1st after the cold starting 200 seconds, reason is that lambda sensor and ternary catalyzing unit work are undesired because the cold-start phase engine exhaust temperature is lower.Therefore, the HC discharging in the time of if can taking certain measure control cold starting, vehicle gasoline engine just can satisfy Europe 3, Europe 4 emission regulation demands so.
The internal-combustion engine cold starting control technique of developing both at home and abroad has at present: closely adorn catalyst converter, catalyst converter fuel Heating, catalyst converter electric heating and fluorite adsorption technology.Nearly dress catalyst converter can't transform after the cold starting the 1st HC in 60 seconds, because motor row Wen Shangwei reaches the light-off temperature of catalyst converter during this period, so it can only transform 60 seconds later HC of cold starting.The fuel Heating catalyst converter then needs a burner, can produce extra discharging.The electric heating catalyst converter, the fuel Heating catalyst converter is simple in structure relatively, wants a large amount of electric energy of battery consumption more than 300 ℃ but catalyst temperature is risen at short notice, and causing the life of storage battery to descend maybe need increase a cold starting battery.HC after the adsorbable cold starting of fluorite adsorber in 60 seconds, the HC of absorption desorbs when delivery temperature is elevated to certain value, separates attached HC and is converted to carbon dioxide and water by catalytic converter.The fluorite adsorber is connected on the outlet pipe, forms persistent back pressure, increase engine consumption, and the fluorite extent of adsorption is limited, can't adsorb the HC of most of engine cold starting.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is the above-mentioned defective of emission control system when overcoming existing engine cold starting, a kind of automobile cold start exhaust absorption device is provided, utilize this device can effectively reduce the discharge amount of exhaust gas of engine cold when pneumatic.
In order to realize achieving the above object, the present invention has adopted following technological scheme.This device mainly includes ECU (Electrical Control Unit) 1, motor 3, outlet pipe 2, suction tude 4, wherein, suction tude 4, outlet pipe 2 link to each other with motor, sky filter 6, closure 5 have been set gradually at suction tude 4 upper edge airintake directions, be disposed with the 4th valve 12, ternary catalyzing unit 13 in outlet pipe 2 upper edge discharge directions, control unit 12 links to each other with the 4th valve 12 and controls the unlatching of the 4th valve 12, and control unit 12 is also accepted engine rotational speed signal 15, engine coolant temperature signal 16; It is characterized in that: also include by-pass pipe 17, first valve 9, second valve 10, the 3rd valve 11, adsorber 8, by-pass pipe 17 is connected in parallel on the outlet pipe 2 of motor 3 and with outlet pipe 2 and is communicated with, by-pass pipe 17 and outlet pipe 2 places of connection are positioned at the both sides of the 4th valve 12 respectively, on by-pass pipe 17, be respectively arranged with second valve 10, the 3rd valve 11 is connected with outlet pipe 2, on the by-pass pipe 17, be provided with active carbon adsorber 8 between second valve 10, the 3rd valve 11, active carbon adsorber 8 is communicated with suction tude 4 by first valve 9; ECU (Electrical Control Unit) 1 links to each other and can control its opening and closing with first valve 9, second valve 10, the 3rd valve 11 respectively.
The structure of described active carbon adsorber 8 is that the adsorber housing made from the sheet metal welding 19 encapsulates activated carbon block.
Utilize aforesaid automobile cold start exhaust absorption device to carry out waste gas absorption, ECU (Electrical Control Unit) 1 is controlled according to the following steps:
1) engine start, ECU (Electrical Control Unit) 1 receives the engine cooling water temperature signal; When ECU (Electrical Control Unit) 1 received engine cooling water temperature less than 40 ℃, ECU (Electrical Control Unit) 1 was closed first valve (9) and the 4th valve 12, opened second valve 10 and the 3rd valve 11 simultaneously, and the timer in the ECU (Electrical Control Unit) 1 picks up counting.
2) timing time of ECU (Electrical Control Unit) 1 is to preestablish and be stored in the ECU (Electrical Control Unit) 1, establishing method is: ECU (Electrical Control Unit) 1 is set the timing time of timer according to engine coolant temperature, when engine cooling water temperature was lower than 20 ℃, the timing time of setting timer was 400s; When the engine coolant temperature cooling water temperature was between 20～40 ℃, the setting timing time was 300s; When engine cooling water temperature during greater than 40 ℃, the setting timing time is 200s.
3) when the time of the timer record in the ECU (Electrical Control Unit) 1 reaches setting value, ECU (Electrical Control Unit) 1 is closed first valve 9, second valve 10 and the 3rd valve 11, opens the 4th valve 12 simultaneously.At this moment, motor exhaust enters atmosphere through the 4th valve 12 and ternary catalyzing unit 13.
4) when engine cooling water temperature greater than 85 ℃ and engine speed during greater than 1500rpm, the operation of vehicle steady state condition, ECU (Electrical Control Unit) 1 is opened first valve 9, the degree of vacuum of utilizing closure 5 backs to produce, enter suction tude 4 after the materials such as HC that are adsorbed on the adsorber 8 are desorbed, and then enter in the cylinder of motor 3 and burn.
Working principle of the present invention: this device is connected in parallel on the automobile combustion machine outlet pipe, activated carbon block coats with sheet metal, ECU (Electrical Control Unit) is started water temperature and tach signal by what obtain, based on corresponding control strategies, by opening or closing some solenoid valves, determine the working state of adsorber, adsorb the effulent that produces in the internal-combustion engine cold starting process by active carbon.Behind the engine thermal machine, utilize degree of vacuum behind the engine air inlet tube closure will be stored in effulent in the active carbon and separate attachedly, suck suction tude, enter cylinder and burn.Because the active carbon resistance to high temperature is poor, this device is in parallel with outlet pipe, and during cold starting, exhaust, after motor enters warm-up mode bypasses this device by this device.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows, by adopting automatically controlled active carbon tail gas adsorbent equipment, reduce the cold start emission of vehicle greatly, engine rig test shows, adopts this device can reduce engine cold starting HC discharging more than 70%, and CO discharges more than 30%, NO
xDischarging is more than 42%.Make common vehicle reach Europe 3 above emission standards by simple rebuilding at low cost.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 structure of the present invention and fundamental diagram.
Fig. 2 active carbon adsorber structure and fundamental diagram
Among the figure: 1, ECU (Electrical Control Unit), 2, outlet pipe, 3, motor, 4, suction tude, 5, closure, 6, empty filter, 7, fresh air, 8, active carbon adsorber, 9, first valve, 10, second valve, 11, the 3rd valve, the 12, the 4th valve, 13, ternary catalyzing unit, 14, motor exhaust, 15, engine rotational speed signal, 16, engine coolant temperature, 17, activated carbon block, 18, activated carbon block axially locating ring, 19 adsorber housings.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing 1, Fig. 2 embodiments of the invention are described.
Present embodiment mainly includes ECU (Electrical Control Unit) 1, motor 3, outlet pipe 2, suction tude 4, wherein, suction tude 4, outlet pipe 2 link to each other with motor, sky filter 6, closure 5 have been set gradually at suction tude 4 upper edge airintake directions, be disposed with the 4th valve 12, ternary catalyzing unit 13 in outlet pipe 2 upper edge discharge directions, control unit 12 links to each other with the 4th valve 12 and controls the unlatching of the 4th valve 12, and control unit 12 is also accepted engine rotational speed signal 15, engine coolant temperature signal 16.Also include by-pass pipe 17, first valve 9, second valve 10, the 3rd valve 11, active carbon adsorber 8, by-pass pipe 17 is connected in parallel on the outlet pipe 2 of motor 3, by-pass pipe 17 and outlet pipe 2 places of connection are positioned at the both sides of the 4th valve 12 respectively, on by-pass pipe 17, be respectively arranged with second valve 10, the 3rd valve 11 is connected with outlet pipe 2, on the by-pass pipe 17, be provided with active carbon adsorber 8 between second valve 10, the 3rd valve 11, active carbon adsorber 8 is communicated with suction tude 4 by first valve 9; ECU (Electrical Control Unit) 1 links to each other and can control its opening and closing with first valve 9, second valve 10, the 3rd valve 11 respectively.
Discharge a large amount of HC during automobile cold start, comprised about 100 kinds of HC molecules that vary in size.HC emissions has 10% methane, 30% ethene and propylene, 30% pentane and other kinds of hexane, 20% toluene and dimethylbenzene and 10% approximately.If also have a large amount of not petrol molecules of combustion in the bad exhaust of starting condition.These molecules belong in the scope of mesopore absorption, need the active carbon of mesopore prosperity to adsorb these organic molecules, so select the coal mass active carbon of mesopore prosperity, its not only mesopore prosperity, and pore-size distribution is extensive, and is all very strong to various big Molecular Adsorption ability not of uniform size.
Good and the long-pending big Alveolate activated carbon capable piece of contact surface of vent ability that sorbing material selects for use coal mass active carbon to make through special typing, as shown in Figure 2, length respectively is 10cm, every heavily about 300g, honeycomb is the square void of 1.5mm, wall thickness 1mm, but the use of polylith series and parallel are to improve absorption purifying effect.
Active carbon adsorber 8 structures separate with some axially locating rings 18 between the cellular property of the some work charcoal piece 17 as shown in Figure 2, in order to avoid every group hole welds the adsorber housing of making 19 with sheet metal activated carbon block is encapsulated because of docking the inaccurate ventilation that influences.
Utilize automobile cold start exhaust absorption device recited above to carry out waste gas absorption, control unit 1 is to control each valve as follows:
1) engine start, ECU (Electrical Control Unit) 1 receives the engine cooling water temperature signal; When ECU (Electrical Control Unit) 1 received engine cooling water temperature less than 40 ℃, ECU (Electrical Control Unit) 1 was closed first valve (9) and the 4th valve 12, opened second valve 10 and the 3rd valve 11 simultaneously, and the timer in the ECU (Electrical Control Unit) 1 picks up counting.
2) timing time of ECU (Electrical Control Unit) 1 is to preestablish and be stored in the ECU (Electrical Control Unit) 1, establishing method is: ECU (Electrical Control Unit) 1 is set the timing time of timer according to engine coolant temperature, when engine cooling water temperature was lower than 20 ℃, the timing time of setting timer was 400s; When the engine coolant temperature cooling water temperature was between 20～40 ℃, the setting timing time was 300s; When engine cooling water temperature during greater than 40 ℃, the setting timing time is 200s.
3) when the time of the timer record in the ECU (Electrical Control Unit) 1 reaches setting value, ECU (Electrical Control Unit) 1 is closed first valve 9, second valve 10 and the 3rd valve 11, opens the 4th valve 12 simultaneously.At this moment, motor exhaust enters atmosphere through the 4th valve 12 and ternary catalyzing unit 13.
4) when engine cooling water temperature greater than 85 ℃ and engine speed during greater than 1500rpm, the operation of vehicle steady state condition, ECU (Electrical Control Unit) 1 is opened first valve 9, the degree of vacuum of utilizing closure 5 backs to produce, enter suction tude 4 after the materials such as HC that are adsorbed on the adsorber 8 are desorbed, and then enter in the cylinder of motor 3 and burn.
Be under the condition of 20 ℃, 40 ℃, 60 ℃ and 85 ℃ at engine water temperature respectively in the present embodiment, on the internal-combustion engine experimental stand, carried out the experiment of active carbon adsorption internal-combustion engine cold start emission.Adopt 2 AVLDiGas 4000 emission analyzers to measure HC, CO and the NO of the adsorber entrance and exit under each experimental condition simultaneously
xDischarging.The accumulation discharging of the adsorption efficiency of active carbon adsorber=(the accumulation discharging of the accumulation discharging-adsorber outlet of adsorber inlet)/adsorber inlet.
Be that the HC adsorption efficiency that records active carbon adsorber is 87% under 20 ℃ the condition at engine water temperature, the CO adsorption efficiency is 38%, NO
xAdsorption efficiency is 55%.
Be that the HC adsorption efficiency of active carbon adsorber is 70% under 40 ℃ the condition at engine water temperature, the CO adsorption efficiency is 28%, NO
xAdsorption efficiency is 42%.
Be that the HC adsorption efficiency of active carbon adsorber is 80% under 60 ℃ the condition at engine water temperature, the CO adsorption efficiency is 47%, NO
xAdsorption efficiency is 53%.
Be that the HC adsorption efficiency of active carbon adsorber is 78% under 85 ℃ the condition at engine water temperature, the CO adsorption efficiency is 47%, NO
xAdsorption efficiency is 50%.
Above-mentioned sample result shows, adopts the device that provides of the present invention can effectively reduce the discharging of car combustion engine, and the average adsorption rate of HC reaches 79%, and the average adsorption rate of CO reaches 40%, NO
xAverage adsorption rate reach 50%.The car steering loop test is the result show, the HC discharging that whole circulation produces 80% from cold starting, adopt this device can make the total HC discharging of circulation reduce by 64%.Adopt intake vacuum to desorb technology, can burn the most of cylinder that sucks of the effulent that adsorbs on the active carbon, the energy of combustible loss obtains partially recycled, helps improving the thermal efficiency of internal-combustion engine.
Claims (2)
1. automobile cold start exhaust absorption device, this device mainly includes ECU (Electrical Control Unit) (1), motor (3), outlet pipe (2), suction tude (4), wherein, suction tude (4), outlet pipe (2) links to each other with motor, airintake direction has set gradually sky filter (6) in suction tude (4) upper edge, closure (5), discharge directions is disposed with the 4th valve (12) in outlet pipe (2) upper edge, ternary catalyzing unit (13), it is characterized in that: also include by-pass pipe (17), first valve (9), second valve (10), the 3rd valve (11), active carbon adsorber (8), by-pass pipe (17) is connected in parallel on the outlet pipe (2) of motor (3), by-pass pipe (17) and outlet pipe (2) place of connection are positioned at the both sides of the 4th valve (12) respectively, on by-pass pipe (17), be respectively arranged with second valve (10), the 3rd valve (11), on by-pass pipe (17), be positioned at second valve (10), be provided with active carbon adsorber (8) between the 3rd valve (11), active carbon adsorber (8) is communicated with suction tude (4) by first valve (9); ECU (Electrical Control Unit) (1) links to each other with first valve (9), second valve (10), the 3rd valve (11), the 4th valve (12) respectively and controls its opening and closing, and ECU (Electrical Control Unit) (1) is accepted engine rotational speed signal (15), engine cooling water temperature signal (16);
This device is controlled according to the following steps:
1) engine start, ECU (Electrical Control Unit) (1) receives the engine cooling water temperature signal; When ECU (Electrical Control Unit) (1) receives engine cooling water temperature less than 40 ℃, ECU (Electrical Control Unit) (1) is closed first valve (9) and the 4th valve (12), open second valve (10) and the 3rd valve (11) simultaneously, the timer in the ECU (Electrical Control Unit) (1) picks up counting;
2) timing time in the ECU (Electrical Control Unit) (1) preestablishes and is stored in the ECU (Electrical Control Unit) (1), establishing method is: ECU (Electrical Control Unit) (1) is set the timing time of timer according to engine coolant temperature, when engine cooling water temperature was lower than 20 ℃, the timing time of setting timer was 400s; When engine cooling water temperature was between 20～40 ℃, the timing time of setting timer was 300s;
3) when the time of the timer record in the ECU (Electrical Control Unit) (1) reaches setting value, ECU (Electrical Control Unit) (1) is closed first valve (9), second valve (10) and the 3rd valve (11), opens the 4th valve (12) simultaneously;
4) when engine cooling water temperature greater than 85 ℃ and engine speed during greater than 1500rpm, ECU (Electrical Control Unit) (1) is opened first valve (9).
2. a kind of automobile cold start exhaust absorption device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the structure of described active carbon adsorber (8) is, the adsorber housing made from the sheet metal welding (19) encapsulates activated carbon block, good and the long-pending big Alveolate activated carbon capable piece of contact surface of vent ability that adsorber selects for use coal mass active carbon to make through special typing, the polylith series and parallel uses, to improve absorption purifying effect.
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| CNB2006100896537A CN100383367C (en) | 2006-07-10 | 2006-07-10 | Automobile cold start exhaust absorption device and method |
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| CNB2006100896537A CN100383367C (en) | 2006-07-10 | 2006-07-10 | Automobile cold start exhaust absorption device and method |
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| CN100383367C true CN100383367C (en) | 2008-04-23 |
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Families Citing this family (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JP4321615B2 (en) * | 2007-03-28 | 2009-08-26 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE DEVICE, ITS CONTROL METHOD, AND VEHICLE MOUNTED WITH INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE DEVICE |
| CN102062705B (en) * | 2010-10-29 | 2012-08-15 | 北京工业大学 | Combined tail gas collection system for multi-cylinder engine and control method thereof |
| CN103711558A (en) * | 2013-12-19 | 2014-04-09 | 李刚海 | Automobile exhaust purification device |
| CN104727904B (en) * | 2015-01-25 | 2017-02-22 | 北京工业大学 | Automobile cold start emission absorbing device and control method thereof |
| CN104763502B (en) * | 2015-03-08 | 2017-05-31 | 北京工业大学 | A kind of automobile-used absorber intake air temperature control system |
| CN105221221B (en) * | 2015-10-31 | 2017-06-30 | 北京工业大学 | A kind of automobile cold start exhaust adsorption/desorption system and control method |
| CN105952516B (en) * | 2016-06-04 | 2019-01-22 | 北京工业大学 | A kind of automobile cold start exhaust adsorption/desorption system and control method |
| CN106368782A (en) * | 2016-09-16 | 2017-02-01 | 北京工业大学 | Series HC emission active adsorption and desorption device for cold start and control strategy |
| CN106368781A (en) * | 2016-09-16 | 2017-02-01 | 北京工业大学 | Parallel type HC adsorption and desorption device for cold start stage of engine and control strategy |
| CN107476857A (en) * | 2017-08-09 | 2017-12-15 | 北京工业大学 | A kind of vehicle-mounted absorber of heat accumulating type |
| CN112901316B (en) * | 2021-02-24 | 2024-01-09 | 长安大学 | NOx absorption system and method for automobile under cold start working condition |
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Patent Citations (5)
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| JPS60128920A (en) * | 1983-12-14 | 1985-07-10 | Mazda Motor Corp | Exhaust repurifier of diesel engine |
| US5085049A (en) * | 1990-07-09 | 1992-02-04 | Rim Julius J | Diesel engine exhaust filtration system and method |
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