CN100369323C - Super broad band ladder-shape floor printing single pole antenna - Google Patents
Super broad band ladder-shape floor printing single pole antenna Download PDFInfo
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- CN100369323C CN100369323C CNB2005100242887A CN200510024288A CN100369323C CN 100369323 C CN100369323 C CN 100369323C CN B2005100242887 A CNB2005100242887 A CN B2005100242887A CN 200510024288 A CN200510024288 A CN 200510024288A CN 100369323 C CN100369323 C CN 100369323C
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a super broad band plane monopole antenna which is formed by that a monopole antenna plate, a coplanar metal floor and a built-in feed wire are printed on a dielectric plate; the monopole antenna plate is an elliptical pasting sheet or a circular pasting sheet or a round annular pasting sheet; the built-in feed wire is a coplanar waveguide conduction band pasting sheet; the coplanar metal floor is a trapezoid metal pasting sheet; the metal pasting sheet is divided into a left sheet and a right sheet which are pasted on both sides of the coplanar waveguide conduction band pasting sheet. The antenna has favorable broad band characteristics, and can realize the standing wave bandwidth exceeding 15 frequency multiplication. The gain of a super broad band range is approximately-2 to 5 db. The antenna has the advantages of simple and compact structure, small volume, convenient processing and low cost.
Description
Technical field:
The present invention relates to a kind of ultrabroad band planar monopole antenna, this antenna both can be used for reception and also can be used for emitting radio wave.At military aspect, can be used as the terminal antenna of ultra wide band radios equipment such as electronic reconnaissance and electronic jamming, electromagnetic protection and ground penetrating radar.Aspect civilian, can be used as the antenna for base station of short distance ultra broadband (UWB) communication, and household radio communication ultra-wideband antenna etc.
Technical background:
Ultra-wideband antenna in the application of military domain and civil area more and more widely.Especially FCC (FCC) approval with UWB (3.1～10.6GHz) be used for short-distance wireless communication after, people have proposed more and more higher requirement to ultra-wideband antenna, and are little, simple in structure or the like as bandwidth, volume.
Traditional superwide band single polar antenna mainly contain single cone antenna and discone antenna etc. (referring to Balanis work, the clock up time, translate in will is far away etc., antenna theory-analysiss with design Electronic Industry Press, Beijing, 1988; Wang Yuankun, Li Yuquan compile, the broadband technology of wire antenna, publishing house of Xian Electronics Science and Technology University, 1995), but its volume ratio is huger.For reducing antenna volume, G.Dubost and S.Zisler at first proposed planar monopole antenna in 1976.Subsequently, scientific worker both domestic and external has done a large amount of research to the super wide band plane unipole antenna.Document (N.P.Agrawal l, G.Kumar, and K.P.Ray, " broadband planar monopole antenna ", IEEE Trans.AntennasPropagat., vol.46, pp.294-295, Feb.1998) adopt disk or oval dish type flat board as unipole antenna, use coaxial feeding below it, the maximum impedance bandwidth reaches 10.7: 1.Document (M.J.Ammann and Z.N.Chen, " a kind of short circuit corner cut planar monopole antenna of broadband ", IEEE Trans.Antennas Propagat., vol.51, pp.901-903, April 2003) be the improved structure of planar square unipole antenna, the impedance bandwidth of this antenna also reaches 10 frequencys multiplication.Document (S.-Y.Suh, W.L. Stutaman, and W.A.Davis, " a kind of new ultra-wideband printed unipole antenna: planar inverted conical antenna (PICA) ", IEEE Trans.Antenna andPropagat., Vol.52, pp.1361-1365, May 2004.) be another kind of planar monopole antenna, its basic principle and single cone antenna are similar, have also realized surpassing the impedance bandwidth of 10 frequencys multiplication.But all need a vertical with it floor below above several antenna, increased the structure of antenna, and be not easy to active circuit integrated.Recently, a kind of planographic unipole antenna of new structure is made of the "T"-shaped floor of a del paster and a coplane, utilize the co-planar waveguide of floor central authorities that the del paster is carried out feed (N.Fortino, G.Kossiavas, J.Y.Dauvignac and R.Staraj, " novel ultra-wideband communications antenna ", Microwave Opt.Tech.Lett., Vol.41, no.3, pp.166-169, May 2004.).This antenna does not need to add in addition vertical with it floor, but its impedance bandwidth has only about 5 frequencys multiplication.
Summary of the invention:
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of novel ultra-wideband printed unipole antenna, not only have good ultra broadband feature, and have planar structure, processing is simple, is convenient to active circuit integrated.
Design of the present invention is as follows: the present invention can think a kind of complanation of three-dimensional discone antenna.Discone antenna constitutes by adding a conductor disk above the conductor circular cone, adopts coaxial feeding, and the outer conductor of coaxial line is connected with the vertex of a cone of circular cone, and its inner wire is received on the disk.This antenna has good broadband character and simple in structure, but volume is too big, thereby has limited its range of application greatly.The present invention adopts the printed antenna structure, makes to have reduced the flat plate antenna structure (very thin thickness) that is compressed into approximate two dimension by the three-dimensional structure of discone antenna antenna volume and weight greatly, and be convenient to active circuit integrated.
For adopting single plane printed antenna structure and having good ultra broadband characteristic, the design has adopted following measure:
1. the disk that replaces discone antenna with a unipole antenna plate;
2. the cone that replaces discone antenna with a trapezoidal coplane metal floor;
3. with the coaxial feeding of coplanar wave guide feedback replacement dish awl;
4. co-planar waveguide adopts the form of gradual change, so that realize impedance matching with the coaxial fitting of antenna port in the ultrabroad band scope.
Adopt coplanar wave guide feedback that several advantages are arranged:
A. the coplane metal floor just can be used as the floor of co-planar waveguide;
B. the loss of co-planar waveguide is less, helps improving the efficient of antenna;
C. be convenient to realize impedance matching;
D. be convenient to active circuit integrated.
According to the foregoing invention design, the present invention adopts following technical proposals:
A kind of super broad band ladder-shape floor printing single pole antenna is made of printed monopole antenna plate on medium substrate, coplane metal floor and embedded feed line, it is characterized in that:
A. the unipole antenna plate is oval paster or circular patch or annular paster;
B. the coplane metal floor is trapezoidal metal patch, about this metal patch is divided into two and adhere on the both sides of co-planar waveguide conduction band paster;
C. embedded feed line is a co-planar waveguide, is the conduction band paster that is positioned at two trapezoidal metal floor central authorities.
Above-mentioned co-planar waveguide is up-small and down-big gradually Zona transformans shape paster.
When above-mentioned unipole antenna plate was oval paster, its oval transverse axis a was less than or equal to the trapezoidal width D of going to the bottom of coplane metal floor
Max, and elliptical shaft is a/b=0.3～6 (when not being very wide for bandwidth requirement, the span of a/b can be bigger) than general range.
The height H of above-mentioned coplane metal floor is determined by following formula: H=0.2 λ
l, λ
l=c/f
l, c is the free space light velocity in the formula, f
lBe lowest operating frequency.
The width D of going to the bottom of coplane metal floor
MaxBe 0.8～1.5 times of its height H; And top width D
MinDetermine by following formula: D
Min/ λ
h=0.2～0.4, λ
h=c/f
h, f in the formula
hBe maximum operating frequency.
Determining by following formula between above-mentioned oval paster and the coplane metal floor paster: t/ λ apart from t
h=0.05～0.08.
The relative dielectric constant of above-mentioned dielectric-slab is 2～11, and its dielectric loss angle tangent is not more than 10
-3
The present invention compared with prior art has following conspicuous substantive outstanding feature and remarkable advantage: the present invention can realize surpassing the impedance bandwidth (voltage standing wave ratio VSWR≤2: 1) of 15 frequencys multiplication; The present invention prints coplane unipole antenna paster, trapezoidal metal floor and co-planar waveguide conduction band at the monolithic medium substrate on simultaneously, simple in structure, is convenient to active circuit integrated; Adopt the gradual change type coplanar wave guide feedback, be convenient to realize the ultra broadband impedance matching, and loss is little, help improving the efficient of antenna.The gain of this antenna on its ultra wide band range is about-2～5dB.This antenna structure is simple, compact, volume is little, easy to process, cost is low.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 antenna structure front view
The actual measurement standing-wave ratio figure of Fig. 2 antenna
Actual measurement directional diagram on Fig. 3 1.0GHz frequency
Actual measurement directional diagram on Fig. 4 3.0GHz frequency
Actual measurement directional diagram on Fig. 5 6.0GHz frequency
Actual measurement directional diagram on Fig. 6 8.0GHz frequency
Embodiment
A preferred embodiment of the present invention is referring to Fig. 1.The structure of antenna as shown in Figure 1, it is made up of the unipole antenna plate 1 and the coplane metal floor 3 that are printed on the medium substrate 4, unipole antenna plate 1 is oval paster, coplane metal floor 3 is trapezoidal metal floor, with embedded feed line 2 feeds at coplane metal floor 3 middle parts, embedded feed line 2 is a co-planar waveguide.Termination coaxial fitting 5 under this co-planar waveguide, coaxial fitting inner wire and co-planar waveguide conduction band join, and the joint outer conductor is connected with coplane metal floor 3.Oval paster also can replace with circular patch and annular paster; The design parameter of antenna shown in Figure 1 is D
Max, D
Min, H, b, a, t and dielectric-slab thickness h, relative dielectric constant ε
rAdopt Fig. 1 structure,, thereby realize the unipole antenna characteristic of ultra broadband as long as the choose reasonable parameter just can keep the input impedance of entire antenna less with frequency change.
Usually require to provide certain index and come designing antenna, the index of general superwide band single polar antenna is impedance bandwidth, directional diagram and gain, will narrate the antenna that how designs this form according to index request below.Suppose that given frequency range is f
l～f
h, corresponding wavelength is respectively λ
l, λ
h
1. parameter is definite:
Determine design parameter D according to theory analysis and experiment test experience
Max, D
Min, H, b, a, t value.The radiation mechanism of antenna of the present invention mainly realizes by oval paster 1 and coplane metal floor 3, and coplane metal floor 3 also is the pith of radiation, at first should determine the value of Parameter H during design.Because coplane metal floor 3 comes radiation by two hypotenuses, the best selected value of height H is: H ≈ 0.2 λ
lSecondly determine parameter D
MaxD
MaxVariation bigger to the input impedance of antenna low frequency end influence, increase D
MaxCan suitably reduce the operating frequency of antenna, but D
MaxThe increase of value makes the cross polarization level of antenna raise, and influences the directional diagram of antenna, so generally get D
MaxFor: D
Max/ H=0.8～1.5.Next determine parameter a and b, parameter a can influence the low terminal impedance of antenna, increases the operating frequency that a also can suitably reduce antenna usually, but for making the antenna structure compactness, a can not obtain too big, generally gets a≤D
Max, and parameter b is mainly determined according to a, and the ratio between a and the b mainly influences the input impedance of oval paster, and general a/b gets 0.3～6 proper (if desired bandwidth range is little, then the span of a/b can be bigger).Determine parameter D then
Min, D
MinThe highest frequency of choosing mainly by antenna decide, generally get D
Min/ λ
h≈ 0.2～0.4.Determine the value of parametric t at last, t mainly influences the coupling between oval paster and coplane metal floor 3 pasters.Entire antenna can be thought input impedance by oval paster in the input impedance at the upper port place of co-planar waveguide, coupling impedance between oval paster and the coplane metal floor 3, and the self-impedance three of coplane metal floor 3 constitutes, so the variation of t is to the impedance bandwidth obvious effect of entire antenna, the optimum valuing range of t is: t/ λ
h=0.05～0.08 (if desired bandwidth range is little, t/ λ then
hSpan can be bigger).
2. the design of co-planar waveguide:
Entire antenna is about more than 100 ohm in the input impedance at the upper port place of co-planar waveguide, and the lower port of co-planar waveguide connects coaxial fitting, and its characteristic impedance is generally 50 ohm.Therefore, the co-planar waveguide characteristic impedance need be gradient to 50 ohm from more than 100 ohm.The characteristic impedance of co-planar waveguide and conduction band width w, the interval g of co-planar waveguide and coplane metal floor 3 and the dielectric constant and the thickness of medium substrate 4 are relevant, as long as change a parameter, and keep other parameter constant, can change its characteristic impedance.For this reason, the width w of co-planar waveguide conduction band is adopted the form of gradual change.Certainly, also can keep w constant, g realizes and change at interval.Simultaneously, for the impedance transition mechanism characteristic that guarantees low frequency end is good, H need get 0.2 λ
lOr it is bigger.
3. the selection of medium substrate 4
The range of choice that the relative dielectric constant of medium substrate 4 is general is: ε
rBetween=3～6, if desired bandwidth range is little, then desirable ε
r=2～11.Simultaneously, dielectric loss angle tangent should be as far as possible little, generally gets tg δ≤10
-3If less demanding to efficient, then bigger tg δ value is also passable.The selection of dielectric substrate thickness h mainly collateral security sky line strength is considered, as is got h 〉=0.8mm.
4. choosing of joint 5:
The joint 5 of antenna port can adopt N type coaxial fitting, sub-miniature A connector or other joint etc.
Fig. 2 for the embodiment of the invention standing wave that records with Agilent 8720ES vector network analyzer with frequency variation curve.The impedance bandwidth (VSWR≤2: 1) of actual measurement is 0.41 to 8.8GHz, is 21.6: 1 (about 22 frequencys multiplication) than bandwidth promptly.
Fig. 3～Fig. 6 has provided the actual measurement directional diagram on four Frequency points of antenna.Relatively these several sets of curves are not difficult to find that this antenna has been realized the radiation characteristic of monopole on the frequency band of non-constant width, and on azimuth plane (xy face), its main poleization has very stable omnidirectional radiation characteristic.
Claims (7)
1. a super broad band ladder-shape floor printing single pole antenna constitutes by going up printed monopole antenna plate (1), coplane metal floor (3) and embedded feed line (2) at medium substrate (4), it is characterized in that:
A. unipole antenna plate (1) is oval paster or circular patch or annular paster;
B. coplane metal floor (3) is trapezoidal metal patch, about this metal patch is divided into two and adhere on the both sides of co-planar waveguide conduction band paster;
C. embedded feed line (2) is a co-planar waveguide, is the conduction band paster that is positioned at two trapezoidal metal floor central authorities.
2. super broad band ladder-shape floor printing single pole antenna according to claim 1 is characterized in that co-planar waveguide adopts the form of gradual change.
3. super broad band ladder-shape floor printing single pole antenna according to claim 2 is characterized in that described co-planar waveguide is up-small and down-big gradually Zona transformans shape paster.
4. super broad band ladder-shape floor printing single pole antenna according to claim 1, when it is characterized in that unipole antenna plate (1) for oval paster, its oval transverse axis (a) is less than or equal to the trapezoidal width (D that goes to the bottom of coplane metal floor (3)
Max), and the ratio of the oval transverse axis (a) and the longitudinal axis (b) is 0.3～6.
5. super broad band ladder-shape floor printing single pole antenna according to claim 1 is characterized in that the trapezoidal shape of coplane metal floor (3) is of a size of: its height (H) is made 0.2 times of wavelength, its width (D that goes to the bottom for farm labourer
Max) be its height (H) 0.8～1.5 times; And top width (D
Min) make 0.2～0.4 times of wavelength for casual labourer.
6. according to claim 4 or 5 described super broad band ladder-shape floor printing single pole antennas, it is characterized in that distance (t) between oval paster and the coplane metal floor (3) makes 0.05～0.08 times of wavelength for casual labourer.
7. super broad band ladder-shape floor printing single pole antenna according to claim 1 is characterized in that the relative dielectric constant (ε of medium substrate (4)
r) be 2～11, its dielectric loss angle tangent (tg δ) is not more than 10
-3
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CNB2005100242887A CN100369323C (en) | 2005-03-10 | 2005-03-10 | Super broad band ladder-shape floor printing single pole antenna |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2005100242887A CN100369323C (en) | 2005-03-10 | 2005-03-10 | Super broad band ladder-shape floor printing single pole antenna |
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| CN1684302A CN1684302A (en) | 2005-10-19 |
| CN100369323C true CN100369323C (en) | 2008-02-13 |
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| CNB2005100242887A Expired - Fee Related CN100369323C (en) | 2005-03-10 | 2005-03-10 | Super broad band ladder-shape floor printing single pole antenna |
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Families Citing this family (13)
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| CN100414770C (en) * | 2005-12-08 | 2008-08-27 | 上海交通大学 | Coplane waveguide feed ultra wideband fractal antenna |
| CN1929203B (en) * | 2006-04-07 | 2010-12-08 | 中国科学技术大学 | Plane ultra-wide band antenna |
| CN101179148B (en) * | 2006-11-10 | 2012-01-25 | 鸿富锦精密工业（深圳）有限公司 | Wideband antenna |
| CN1996662B (en) * | 2006-12-28 | 2012-03-21 | 上海交通大学 | Ultra-wide antenna with the base-integrated wave guide feedback structure |
| CN101404353B (en) * | 2008-09-09 | 2012-08-15 | 南京邮电大学 | Ultra-broadband folding coil antenna of coplanar waveguide feed and method for producing the same |
| CN101777691B (en) * | 2010-02-23 | 2013-06-19 | 厦门大学 | Slot printing monopole ultra-wideband antenna |
| CN101976763B (en) * | 2010-11-04 | 2013-01-16 | 西北工业大学 | Ultra wide band monopole antenna with bandwidth of 2.3 to 20.1GHz |
| CN102255141A (en) * | 2011-04-22 | 2011-11-23 | 上海大学 | Miniaturized asymmetrical pole broadband printed monopole antenna |
| CN102646859B (en) * | 2012-02-29 | 2014-02-05 | 北京航空航天大学 | Low-profile bilayer printing ultra-wideband antenna |
| CN104882676B (en) * | 2015-05-04 | 2018-08-24 | 南京信息工程大学 | A kind of low-frequency ultra-wideband plane omnidirectional antenna |
| CN104901003B (en) * | 2015-05-21 | 2017-06-16 | 北京邮电大学世纪学院 | A kind of UWB antennas with band-stop response |
| CN111106433B (en) * | 2018-10-29 | 2022-07-22 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Frequency reconfigurable antenna, control method and communication device |
| CN109560378A (en) * | 2018-12-08 | 2019-04-02 | 上海电力学院 | A kind of miniaturization Y type patch ultra-wideband monopole antenna |
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| US20020122010A1 (en) * | 2000-08-07 | 2002-09-05 | Mccorkle John W. | Electrically small planar UWB antenna apparatus and related system |
| US6642903B2 (en) * | 2001-05-15 | 2003-11-04 | Time Domain Corporation | Apparatus for establishing signal coupling between a signal line and an antenna structure |
| CN1588693A (en) * | 2004-09-23 | 2005-03-02 | 上海交通大学 | Small wide frequency printed single pole antenna |
-
2005
- 2005-03-10 CN CNB2005100242887A patent/CN100369323C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5828340A (en) * | 1996-10-25 | 1998-10-27 | Johnson; J. Michael | Wideband sub-wavelength antenna |
| US20020122010A1 (en) * | 2000-08-07 | 2002-09-05 | Mccorkle John W. | Electrically small planar UWB antenna apparatus and related system |
| US6642903B2 (en) * | 2001-05-15 | 2003-11-04 | Time Domain Corporation | Apparatus for establishing signal coupling between a signal line and an antenna structure |
| CN1588693A (en) * | 2004-09-23 | 2005-03-02 | 上海交通大学 | Small wide frequency printed single pole antenna |
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| CN1684302A (en) | 2005-10-19 |
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Assignee: Huizhou Speed Communication Technology Co., Ltd. Assignor: Shanghai University Contract fulfillment period: 2008.2.27 to 2016.2.26 contract change Contract record no.: 2009310000167 Denomination of invention: Super broad band ladder-shape floor printing single pole antenna Granted publication date: 20080213 License type: Exclusive license Record date: 2009.8.19 |
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