CN100368582C - Ultra-low-carbon bainite steel and producing method thereof - Google Patents
Ultra-low-carbon bainite steel and producing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention discloses ultra-low carbon bainite steel and a producing method thereof. The ultra-low carbon bainite steel comprises the chemical constituents of the weight percent: 0.01% to 0.05% of C, 0.05% to 0.5% of Si, 1.0% to 2.2% of Mn, 0.015% to 0.070% of Nb, 0.005% to 0.03% of Ti, 0.0005% to 0.005% of B, 0.015% to 0.07% of Al, 0.0% to 0.5% of Mo, 0.0% to 1.8% of Cu, 0.0% to 1.0% of Ni, 0.0% to 0.70% of Cr, and Fe and inevitable impurity elements as the rest. Reasonable rolling and cooling control technology is adopted, so that the ultra-low carbon bainite steel with different strength grades is manufactured. The ductile-brittle transition temperature of the steel grade is lower than-80 DEG C, and the ultra-low carbon bainite steel has the advantages of favorable cold bending formability, simple technology, low cost and serialized strength and can be widely used in the fields of engineering machinery, excavating machinery, heavy duty vehicles, pipe lines, containers, pontoon bridges, ships, shipping containers, marine facilities, etc.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to metal material field, particularly a kind of production method of ultra-low-carbon bainite steel.
Background technology
Ultra-low-carbon bainite steel is the new steel system that development in recent years high strength, high tenacity, the welding property of getting up is good in the world, is sung the praises of in the world to be the 21 century steel grade, and it is the product that modern metallurgical production technology combines with the Physical Metallurgy achievement.Cr in the ultra-low-carbon bainite steel of early development, Ni constituent content are higher, and the cost height is produced relatively difficulty.For example, the patent (TW258757, contriver JANG J etc.) of steel connection application " having the good weldability and the low manganese of erosion resistance is the production technique of ultra-low-carbon bainite steel (ULCB) " is used Mo-Ni-Nb system and is obtained ultra-low-carbon bainite steel in the Taiwan.Its weak point is that Mn content is low, and alloy adding such as Mo, Ni are big, and the cost of steel is risen, and undesirable to the bainite transformation effect that promotes whole tissues, thereby the intensity rank level of steel is not high, does not form tandem product.
For another example: in the research paper that U.S. Bcthlchcm Steel delivers about ultra-low-carbon bainite steel, the weak point of the chemical ingredients of relevant ultra-low-carbon bainite steel is the content height (Cr2.23% of its noble element Cr, Mo, Mo2.35%), cause the cost of steel to improve greatly, and too high Cr, Mo will cause temper crack, the toughness of reduction steel.In the paper of C.I.Garcia about yield strength greater than 690N/mm
2The chemical ingredients of ultra-low-carbon bainite steel, also have similar problem, its Mo element is up to 3.05%, the Ni element is up to 3.63%.Same not according to market requirement situation formation tandem product.
The twentieth century end, wuhan iron ﹠ steel croup co. company has applied for that publication number is a kind of " copper boron is low-carbon (LC) and ULCB high-strength steel " patent of CN1218115A, think to be difficult to carbon content is controlled between 0.02～0.05% in producing, so carbon content is brought up to 0.08%; Say on the stricti jurise that this steel grade can not be thought the ultra-low-carbon bainite steel category.Same not according to market requirement situation formation tandem product.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention is from reducing cost, and the angle of meeting the need of market is set out, and it is 420N/mm that yield strength is provided
2, 460N/mm
2, 500N/mm
2, 550N/mm
2, 620N/mm
2, 690N/mm
2The ultra-low-carbon bainite steel of six intensity ranks.It is characterized in that, C content is below 0.05% in the steel, with Mn element with low cost as principal element, with elements such as Mn, Mo, Cu, Nb, Ti, B to the abundant combined utilization of the effect of bainite transformation, with Cr, Ni as auxiliary element, and combine, thereby realize other ultra-low-carbon bainite steel of different intensity scale with rational controlled rolling and controlled cooling production technique.Its main chemical compositions content (Wt%) is: C0.01%～0.05%, Si0.05%～0.5%, Mn1.0%～2.2%, Nb0.015%～0.070%, Ti0.005%～0.03%, B0.0005%～0.005%, Mo0.0%～0.5%, Cu0.0%～1.8%, Ni0.0%～1.0%, Cr0.0～0.7%, Al0.015%～0.07%, all the other are Fe and unavoidable impurities.
The main effect of alloying element in serial ultra-low-carbon bainite steel that the present invention selects is:
C: carbon is very big to intensity, toughness, the welding property influence of steel.C content is lower than at 0.01% o'clock can not form enough NbC that plays an important role in the controlled rolling operation, be difficult to obtain high strength, also cause the toughness of steel to reduce greatly, and welded heat affecting zone is softening; Carbon is higher than at 0.05% o'clock, and bainite structure reduces in generating tissue, and intensity, unit elongation and toughness are descended.
Mn: manganese is to improve intensity and flexible effective element, and bainite transformation is had bigger promoter action, and effect is more remarkable under the Ultra-low carbon condition, and cost is very cheap, therefore in the present invention the Mn element as main alloy element.
B: boron is the composition of outbalance in the ultra-low-carbon bainite steel, and it can improve the hardening capacity of steel, particularly adds the boron of trace in ultra low-carbon steel, can suppress austenite effectively to ferrite, pearlitic transformation.
Nb: niobium is the important element in the rolling controlled and cooling controlled steel, it is the austenitic recrystallize of delayed deformation effectively, stop austenite crystal to be grown up, improve austenite recrystallization temperature, crystal grain thinning improves intensity and toughness simultaneously, it and micro-boron compound action, can improve hardening capacity significantly, promote bainite transformation.
Ti: adding the titanium of trace, is for the nitrogen element in the fixing steel, thereby guarantees the raising hardening capacity effect of boron.In the best condition, titanium, nitrogen form titanium nitride, stop steel billet the growing up of crystal grain in heating, rolling, welding process, improve the toughness of mother metal and welded heat affecting zone.Titanium is lower than at 0.005% o'clock, and nitrogen fixation effect is poor, surpasses at 0.03% o'clock, and nitrogen fixation effect reaches capacity, and superfluous titanium will make the toughness of steel worsen.
Si: silicon is the bioelement of deoxidation in steel making, also has certain strengthening effect, when content is lower than 0.05%, is difficult to obtain sufficient deoxidation effect; Content surpasses at 0.5% o'clock, and the degree of cleaning of steel descend, and toughness reduces, and weldability is poor.
Al: aluminium is deoxidant element, can be used as the AlN forming element, crystal grain thinning effectively, and when it contained quantity not sufficient 0.01%, effect was less; Surpass at 0.07% o'clock, desoxydatoin reaches capacity; High more then harmful to mother metal and welding heat influence area toughness.
Mo: molybdenum helps the refinement of austenite crystal when rolling and the generation of fine bainite, and when content surpassed 0.5%, cost improved, and weldability reduces.
Cu:, except gaining in strength, also help and obtain good low-temperature flexibility and solidity to corrosion as alloying element.In yield strength greater than 550N/mm
2Ultra-low-carbon bainite steel in add Cu, can utilize the comprehensive action of Cu-B further to improve the hardening capacity of steel, promote the formation of bainite.
Ni: the purpose of adding the Ni element in the present invention mainly is to stop to contain the tendency that the high steel billet of Cu amount cracks when heating or hot rolling, considers economy, in the present invention Ni content is controlled at below 1.0%.
Cr: different according to intensity rank and steel plate thickness, add proper C r element, improving the intensity of steel, but this element also is a noble element, considers from economy and weldability, in the present invention Cr content is controlled at below 0.70%.
The upper limit of the impurity element in the steel is controlled at P≤0.02%, S≤0.01%, and N≤0.006% is advisable.
In the present invention, can be different different with steel plate thickness according to intensity rank, suitably determine to add the kind and the content of element.Intensity rank and alloying constituent coupling are:
Yield strength is greater than 420N/mm
2Rank adopts chemical ingredients scope (Wt%) to be: C0.01%～0.05%, Si0.05%～0.5%, Mn1.0%～1.8%, Nb0.015%～0.07%, Ti0.005%～0.03%, B0.0005%～0.005%, Al0.015%～0.07%, all the other are Fe and unavoidable impurities element;
Yield strength is greater than 460N/mm
2Rank adopts chemical ingredients scope (Wt%) to be: C0.01%～0.05%, Si0.05%～0.5%, Mn1.2%～2.0%, Nb0.015%～0.07%, Ti0.005%～0.03%, B0.0005%～0.005%, Al0.015%～0.07%, all the other are Fe and unavoidable impurities element;
Yield strength is greater than 500N/mm
2Rank adopts chemical ingredients scope (Wt%) to be: C0.01%～0.05%, Si0.05%～0.5%, Mn1.2%～2.0%, Nb0.015%～0.07%, Ti0.005%～0.03%, B0.0005%～0.005%, Al0.015%～0.07%, Mo0.1%～0.5%, all the other are Fe and unavoidable impurities element;
Yield strength is greater than 550N/mm
2Rank adopts chemical ingredients scope (Wt%) to be: C0.01%～0.05%, Si0.05%～0.5%, Mn1.2%～2.0%, Nb0.015%～0.07%, Ti0.005%～0.03%, B0.0005%～0.005%, Al0.015%～0.07%, Mo0.1%～0.5%, Cu0.1%～1.0%, Ni0.1%～0.6%, all the other are Fe and unavoidable impurities element;
Yield strength is greater than 620N/mm
2Rank adopts chemical ingredients scope (Wt%) to be: C0.01%～0.05%, Si0.05%～0.5%, Mn1.2%～2.2%, Nb0.015%～0.07%, Ti0.005%～0.03%, B0.0005%～0.005%, Al0.015%～0.07%, Mo0.1%～0.5%, Cu0.2%～1.5%, Ni0.1%～0.8%, all the other are Fe and unavoidable impurities element;
Yield strength is greater than 690N/mm
2Rank adopts chemical ingredients scope (Wt%) to be: C0.01%～0.05%, Si0.05%～0.5%, Mn1.2%～2.2%, Nb0.015%～0.070%, Ti0.005%～0.03%, B0.0005%～0.005%, Al0.015%～0.07%, Mo0.1%～0.5%, Cu0.3%～1.8%, Ni0.1%～1.0%, Cr0.0%～0.70%, all the other are Fe and unavoidable impurities element.
Realize that the present invention takes following technical measures on production technique:
Aspect smelting technology, adopt converter smelting, the dark decarburization of top blast or top bottom blowing; Adopt the further decarburization of RH vacuum-treat, and carry out microalloying; Ca handles, and in conjunction with S content and tap in the steel, feeds the Si-Ca line.
Aspect rolling technology, adopt controlled rolling and controlled cooling technology.Steel billet heating top temperature so that can there be the Nb of a great deal of to dissolve in austenite, helps rolling the formation of bainite in the postcooling process at 1100 ℃～1220 ℃ before rolling.Adopting recrystallize and non-recrystallization two stages controlled rolling, the recrystallization zone rolling temperature is controlled at 〉=and 1000 ℃; Non-recrystallization district rolling temperature is controlled at 950 ℃～Ar3+ (0 ℃～80 ℃), and the accumulation of distortion amount is greater than 50%; Roll the back and adopt the intermittently type of cooling, can be immediately after the finish to gauge with 1 ℃/S～25 ℃/S speed of cooling cooling 0S～10S, carry out air cooling 2S～30S again, adopt to concentrate the type of cooling to be quickly cooled to following 0 ℃～150 ℃ of target final cooling temperature Bs point then with 1 ℃/S～40 ℃/S speed of cooling.According to the chemical ingredients of above-mentioned each intensity rank, best termination cooling temperature is 450 ℃～630 ℃.When the Cu constituent content surpasses 0.4%, need carry out temper, so that separating out, the Cu precipitation generates ε-Cu, further improve intensity and toughness.Tempering temperature is controlled at 480 ℃～650 ℃.
Yield strength provided by the invention is 420N/mm
2, 460N/mm
2, 500N/mm
2, 550N/mm
2, 620N/mm
2, 690N/mm
2The ultra-low-carbon bainite steel of six intensity ranks, compare with prior art and to have following advantage:
Steel grade intensity high and low temperature good toughness of the present invention, ductile-brittle transition temperature are below-80 ℃, and 180 ° of d=0 of clod wash do not ftracture yet, and winter hardiness is strong, and over-all properties is stable;
Steel grade carbon content of the present invention is low, and welding property is good, does not need preheating before the weldering, and postwelding does not need thermal treatment, can simplify weldprocedure;
The valuable alloying element content of steel grade of the present invention is few, and is with low cost;
Steel grade production technique of the present invention is simple, stable, workable; Smelter of certain scale can both be implemented;
The present invention has realized the seriation of ultra-low-carbon bainite steel intensity rank, can fully satisfy requirements of different users, can be widely used in engineering machinery, excavates machinery, field such as heavy-duty car, pipeline, container, the bridge of boats, boats and ships, freight container and maritime facilities.
Embodiment
According to prescription provided by the invention and production technique, having made yield strength is 420N/mm
2, 460N/mm
2, 500N/mm
2, 550N/mm
2, 620N/mm
2, 690N/mm
2Six other ultra-low-carbon bainite steels of level, concrete chemical ingredients is listed table 1 in, and the object performance assay is listed table 2 in.
Table 1, embodiment of the invention chemical ingredients (Wt%)
| Embodiment | Intensity rank | C | Si | Mn | P | S | Nb | Ti | B | Als | Mo | Cu | Ni | Cr |
| 1 | 420N/mm 2 | 0.034 | 0.17 | 1.59 | 0.015 | 0.008 | 0.040 | 0.010 | 0.0008 | 0.025 | ||||
| 2 | 460N/mm 2 | 0.040 | 0.18 | 1.71 | 0.014 | 0.007 | 0.043 | 0.020 | 0.0016 | 0.021 | ||||
| 3 | 500N/mm 2 | 0.025 | 0.22 | 1.72 | 0.008 | 0.004 | 0.050 | 0.011 | 0.0012 | 0.029 | 0.18 | |||
| 4 | 550N/mm 2 | 0.037 | 0.19 | 1.74 | 0.012 | 0.005 | 0.054 | 0.021 | 0.0017 | 0.040 | 0.21 | 0.26 | 0.23 | |
| 5 | 620N/mm 2 | 0.034 | 0.20 | 1.81 | 0.010 | 0.005 | 0.048 | 0.018 | 0.0013 | 0.038 | 0.23 | 0.57 | 0.34 | |
| 6 | 690N/mm 2 | 0.019 | 0.25 | 2.03 | 0.010 | 0.005 | 0.046 | 0.019 | 0.0012 | 0.031 | 0.27 | 0.70 | 0.32 | 0.31 |
The object performance of table 2, the embodiment of the invention
| Embodiment | Intensity rank | Steel plate thickness | Rel | Rm | A | Akv, (J) (three 5 * 10 * 55 sample means) | Clod wash | ||||
| mm | N/mm 2 | N/mm 2 | ％ | 0℃ | -20℃ | -40℃ | -60℃ | -80℃ | 180° | ||
| 1 | 420N/mm 2 | 5 | 455 | 570 | 23 | 93 | 92 | 93 | 92 | 90 | d＝0 |
| 2 | 460N/mm 2 | 6 | 495 | 615 | 22 | 109 | 98 | 94 | 90 | 92 | d＝0 |
| 3 | 500N/mm 2 | 8 | 545 | 700 | 22 | 94 | 94 | 92 | 90 | 87 | d＝0 |
| 4 | 550N/mm 2 | 8 | 605 | 750 | 20 | 96 | 93 | 87 | 96 | 89 | d＝0 |
| 5 | 620N/mm 2 | 10 | 670 | 780 | 17 | 95 | 90 | 88 | 82 | 84 | d＝0 |
| 6 | 690N/mm 2 | 10 | 790 | 890 | 17 | 115 | 100 | 98 | d＝0 | ||
Claims (4)
1. the production method of a ultra-low-carbon bainite steel, it is characterized in that, its alloy content Wt% is: C0.019%～0.05%, Si0.05%～0.5%, Mn1.74%～2.2%, Nb0.015%～0.070%, Ti0.005%～0.03%, B0.0005%～0.005%, Al0.015%～0.07%, Mo0.21%～0.5%, Cu0.26%～1.8%, Ni0.23%～1.0%, Cr0.0%～0.7%, all the other are Fe and unavoidable impurities element, and the steel of above-mentioned composition adopts vacuum-treat in smelting process, adopt controlled rolling and technology for controlled cooling when rolling, the rolling of steel carried out according to recrystallize and two stages of non-recrystallization, recrystallize stage rolling temperature is greater than 1000 ℃, and non-recrystallization stage rolling upper temperature limit is controlled at 920～980 ℃, and lower limit is controlled at Ar
3+ (0 ℃～80 ℃), the intermittently type of cooling is adopted in rolling back, after the finish to gauge immediately with 1 ℃/S～25 ℃/S speed of cooling cooling 0S～10S, carry out air cooling 2S～30S again, adopt concentrating the type of cooling to be quickly cooled to the target final cooling temperature with 1 ℃/S～40 ℃/S speed of cooling then is following 0 ℃～150 ℃ of Bs point.
2. the production method of ultra-low-carbon bainite steel according to claim 1 is characterized in that yield strength 〉=550N/mm
2The time, Mn1.74%～2.0% wherein, Cu0.26%～1.0%, Ni0.23%～0.6%, Mo0.21%～0.5%.
3. the production method of ultra-low-carbon bainite steel according to claim 1 is characterized in that yield strength 〉=620N/mm
2The time, Mn1.81%～2.2% wherein, Cu0.57%～1.5%, Mo0.23%～0.5%, Ni0.34%～0.8%.
4. the production method of ultra-low-carbon bainite steel according to claim 1 is characterized in that yield strength 〉=690N/mm
2The time, Mn2.03%～2.2% wherein, Cu0.7%～1.8%, Mo0.27%～0.5%, Ni0.32%～1.0%, Cr0.31%～0.70%.
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