CN100365070C - New compound light transmission material and preparation method - Google Patents
New compound light transmission material and preparation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN100365070C CN100365070C CNB2004100165053A CN200410016505A CN100365070C CN 100365070 C CN100365070 C CN 100365070C CN B2004100165053 A CNB2004100165053 A CN B2004100165053A CN 200410016505 A CN200410016505 A CN 200410016505A CN 100365070 C CN100365070 C CN 100365070C
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- transmissive material
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Abstract
The present invention relates to the effective enhancement or the modification for transparent polymeric materials. The present invention takes a transparent polymer as a basal body and takes coaxial compound nano fibers or micrometre fibers as reinforcement materials so as to prepare new composition transparent materials. The present invention has the core of the application of the coaxial compound nano fibers or the micrometre fibers. The coaxial compound nano fibers and the micrometre fibers are formed by coaxially spinning a core quality part and surface materials together, wherein the core quality part provides an enhancement function or a modification function; the surface materials and the materials of the basal bodies are identical or have a similar molecular structure, which is convenient for forming strong adhesion between the fibers and the basal bodies. Because the diameter of the core quality part made from the coaxial compound nano fibers or the micrometre fibers is smaller than the wavelength of 360 nm of visual light, the transparent performance of the new compound transparent material is not influenced. However, on the other hand, compared with an original transparent polymer, the mechanical property, such as the impact resistance, etc. of the new compound transparent material is considerably enhanced.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of new compound light transmissive material and preparation method thereof, relate in particular to a kind of be matrix with the light penetrating copolymer, be strongthener with coaxial composite nano fiber or micrometer fibers, light transmissive material that obtains through Compound Machining and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
At present, the lightweight light transmissive material has the market requirement widely, such as window and shelves fan housing as automobile, train, aircraft etc., and face shield, eyeshade, eyeglass etc.In many such application scenarios, it is inappropriate using the glass material of non-modified.Be because glass is heavier on the one hand, do not satisfy the light-weight requirement; Be that glass is very crisp usually on the other hand, hurt sb.'s feelings in case be subjected to impacting very easily breakage.Therefore, mostly adopt transparent polymer materials in the reality, such as PC (polycarbonate) and PMMA (polymethylmethacrylate).Yet, mechanical properties such as the shock resistance of these polymer materialss generally all relatively a little less than.How strengthening its mechanical property, not influence its light transmission again simultaneously be that problem to be solved is arranged.
Existing document [1] (Kearns J., Hsieh A., Hiltner A., Baer E., J.Appl.Polymer Sci., 2000,77,1545-1557) propose to adopt nano particle as enhancement additive, its reinforced effects is subjected to the restriction of two aspects.The one, nano particle is difficult for homodisperse in full-bodied polymer resin matrix material, and the 2nd, the reinforced effects of unordered particle in matrix material is always not as continuous fibre.Existing document [2] (Krauthauser C., Deitzel J.M., Wetzel E.D., O ' Brien D., ACS Polymer Reprints 2003,44 (2) p.110) proposes strongthener is made continuous nano-fibre, compound with the light penetrating copolymer resin base again, be enhanced in the hope of making its mechanical property.Can not influence the most important optical property of light penetrating copolymer reisn base material though adopt the nanometer fortifying fibre less than the diffraction limit (about 400 nanometers) of visible light---when Fibre diameter during---, but because employed fortifying fibre (such as the nylon fiber in the document [2]) generally also is to spin from another polymkeric substance, this just unavoidably runs into the surface adhesion problem of fiber and matrix.As everyone knows, a kind of polymer fiber all is more weak with surface adhesion between the another kind of different polymeric matrix usually.This weak in conjunction with the mechanical property that will inevitably reduce matrix material.
On the other hand, the inventor and contriver Zhang Yanzhong have finished the innovation and creation of relevant coaxial composite nano fiber or this novel material of micrometer fibers and preparation method thereof, at document [3] (contend, Zhang Yanzhong, Chinese invention patent application number: 200310108130.9) in have a detailed description by Huang for its particular content.The formation of this coaxial composite nano fiber or micrometer fibers is earlier with core matter and skin-material dissolving or dissolve and be liquid, places respectively in core matter and the skin-material flow container, and flow container is not held tiny jet pipe of each self-closing, and inner nozzle and outer nozzle are coaxial; The DC electric field that adds high pressure in core matter and skin-material liquid respectively again drives two liquid from spraying the jet pipe separately, forms concentric layering jet.At last, this jet is under the electrical forces effect, and the process high frequency draws, crooked whipping is out of shape and be cured as ultra-fine coaxial conjugated fibre, is collected by the collecting device of ground connection.
The present invention will utilize existing coaxial composite nano fiber or micrometer fibers to be strongthener, by the compound light transmissive material new with being compounded to form of light penetrating copolymer, make it not only have optical property but also the good mechanical performance is arranged.
Summary of the invention
Main purpose of the present invention provide a kind of be matrix with the light penetrating copolymer, be strongthener with coaxial composite nano fiber or micrometer fibers, through the compound light transmissive material that Compound Machining forms, make it not only have optical property but also the good mechanical performance is arranged.
Another object of the present invention provides a kind of method that adopts gel method to prepare above-mentioned compound light transmissive material.
A further object of the present invention provides a kind of method that adopts the thermoset forming mode to prepare above-mentioned compound light transmissive material.
For reaching above-mentioned purpose, the present invention is achieved in that a kind of new compound light transmissive material, be matrix with the light penetrating copolymer, be strongthener with coaxial composite ultrafine fiber or micrometer fibers, obtain through Compound Machining, and the skin-material of coaxial composite ultrafine fiber or micrometer fibers has identical or similar molecular structure with light penetrating copolymer, and the diameter of the core matter of coaxial composite ultrafine fiber or micrometer fibers is less than 400 nanometers.
Be convenient to like this form strong bonding between described coaxial composite ultrafine fiber in compound light transmissive material or micrometer fibers and the light penetrating copolymer matrix, guaranteed the mechanical property of compound light transmissive material.
The preparation method of compound light transmissive material of the present invention is achieved in that and adopts the gel method preparation, after fibrous texture that coaxial composite ultrafine fiber or micrometer fibers are made into and light penetrating copolymer resin base are invaded glue exactly, gel solidification under room temperature, high temperature or cold condition and getting.Described fibrous texture can be non-woven fabrics, multidirectional arrangement architecture, machine-knitted structure, knitted structure or braiding structure.This compound preparation process, as invade glue, gel, curing, certain step in the perhaps compound preparation process can be also can be to have under the environment of air to carry out in vacuum environment.
The preparation method of compound light transmissive material of the present invention can also realize like this: adopt the thermosetting forming mode compound, to treat that the enhanced light penetrating copolymer makes film or particle in advance, successively coaxial ultra-fine fibre or micrometer fibers structure are superimposed behind the needed number of plies or the thickness with treating enhanced light penetrating copolymer film or particle, under thermocompressor, be heated to temperature of fusion, again compacting, cooling forming near light penetrating copolymer.
The preparation method of compound light transmissive material of the present invention can also realize like this: adopt the thermosetting forming mode compound, with coaxial composite nano fiber of several layers or micrometer fibers structure place heating thermocompressor under, suppress, cooling forming again.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows that formed compound light transmissive material not only contains light penetrating copolymer but also contain coaxial composite nano fiber or micrometer fibers, because the diameter of described coaxial compound nano/micron fiber core matter is less than the diffraction limit of visible light, not only original light transmission is interference-free, and mechanical property such as shock resistance can significantly be strengthened, thereby is very suitable for the applications that those have higher requirements to lightweight, shock-resistant etc.Such as, the front shroud of air fighter, the eyeshade on the motorcycle helmet, various eyeglasses etc.Simultaneously, the preparation method of compound light transmissive material of the present invention is also comparatively various, easy to operate.
Embodiment
Further describe preferred implementation of the present invention below by an embodiment.
In DMF (dimethyl formamide) solvent, weightmeasurement ratio is 10% (that is, 1 gram PU material is dissolved in 10 milliliters of DMF solvents), makes core matter liquid with a certain amount of PU (polyurethane) material dissolves.A certain amount of PC (polycarbonate) is dissolved in the mixture (DMF and THF were by preparation in 1: 1) of DMF and THF (tetrahydrofuran), weightmeasurement ratio also is 10%, makes top layer liquid again.Core matter becomes nano fiber non-woven fabric with top layer liquid by the coaxial cospinning of method described in the document [3], and spinning parameter is: inner nozzle inner diameter d 1=0.51mm, inner nozzle outside diameter d 2=0.8mm; Outer nozzle inside diameter D 1=1.6mm.Inside and outside liquid applies identical electric field, and strength of electric field is 15 kilovolts.The liquid of inner nozzle is supplied with by syringe pump, and flow is per hour 0.6 milliliter; The liquid of outer nozzle is regulated by gravity.The diameter of spun non-woven fabrics nanofiber SMIS matter generally about 200 nanometers.After drying, this core matter is that PU material, top layer are that the coaxial composite nano fiber non-woven fabrics (thickness is about 0.2mm) of PC material is used as reinforcing fiber materials.
Body material is mixed with colloid by the mixture of PC and DMF and THF, and weightmeasurement ratio is 50%.This colloid, a part are used for casting pure PC film, and the method that another part is used for routinely prepares matrix material: after nano fiber non-woven fabric is invaded glue, finish gel and curing in vacuum bag.After 24 hours, from vacuum bag, take out the composite material film after solidifying, have and the identical light transmission of pure PC film.Yet because the reinforcing effect of PU, the shock resistance of composite material film is improved.
Claims (5)
1. new compound light transmissive material, it is characterized in that with the light penetrating copolymer being matrix, be strongthener with coaxial composite ultrafine fiber or micrometer fibers, obtain through Compound Machining, and the skin-material of coaxial composite ultrafine fiber or micrometer fibers has identical or similar molecular structure with light penetrating copolymer, and the diameter of the core matter of coaxial composite ultrafine fiber or micrometer fibers is less than 400 nanometers.
2. method for preparing the described compound light transmissive material of claim 1, it is characterized in that adopting the gel method preparation, after fibrous texture that coaxial composite ultrafine fiber or micrometer fibers are made into and light penetrating copolymer resin base are invaded glue exactly, gel solidification under room temperature, high temperature or cold condition and getting.
3. method for preparing the described compound light transmissive material of claim 1, it is characterized in that adopting the thermosetting forming mode compound, to treat that the enhanced light penetrating copolymer makes film or particle in advance, successively coaxial composite ultrafine fiber or micrometer fibers structure are superimposed behind the needed number of plies or the thickness with treating enhanced light penetrating copolymer film or particle, under thermocompressor, be heated to temperature of fusion, again compacting, cooling forming near light penetrating copolymer.
4. a method for preparing the described compound light transmissive material of claim 1 is characterized in that adopting the thermosetting forming mode compound, and the coaxial composite ultrafine fiber of several layers or micrometer fibers structure are placed heating under the thermocompressor, compacting, cooling forming again.
5. the preparation method of compound light transmissive material according to claim 1 is characterized in that described fibrous texture is non-woven fabrics, multidirectional arrangement architecture, machine-knitted structure, knitted structure or braiding structure.
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| CNB2004100165053A CN100365070C (en) | 2004-02-24 | 2004-02-24 | New compound light transmission material and preparation method |
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| CNB2004100165053A CN100365070C (en) | 2004-02-24 | 2004-02-24 | New compound light transmission material and preparation method |
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| CN100365070C true CN100365070C (en) | 2008-01-30 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| US20080315465A1 (en) * | 2007-03-05 | 2008-12-25 | Alan Smithies | Method of manufacturing composite filter media |
| CN101078134B (en) * | 2007-06-27 | 2011-11-09 | 东华大学 | Preparation of natural material/polymer material coaxial electrostatic spinning nano fibre |
| CN101397372B (en) * | 2007-09-28 | 2011-06-29 | 北京化工大学 | Method for preparing nano fiber reinforcement toughening resin base composite material |
| CN106633444A (en) * | 2016-12-02 | 2017-05-10 | 安徽长庚光学科技有限公司 | Anti-shock breakage-proof additive for resin type camera lens |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN1537981A (en) * | 2003-10-23 | 2004-10-20 | 黄争鸣 | Coaxial composite continuous nano/micron fiber and its preparation method |
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| CN1537981A (en) * | 2003-10-23 | 2004-10-20 | 黄争鸣 | Coaxial composite continuous nano/micron fiber and its preparation method |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| Comparison of irreversible deformation and yielding in miarolayers of polycarbonate with poly(methylmethacrylate) and poly(styrene-co-acrylonitrile). Kearns J, et al.J. AppPolymer Sci.,Vol.77 . 2000 * |
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