CN100356065C

CN100356065C - Refrigeration compressor

Info

Publication number: CN100356065C
Application number: CNB2004100894373A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 周海云
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Zhou Haiyun
Priority date: 2004-12-13
Filing date: 2004-12-13
Publication date: 2007-12-19
Anticipated expiration: 2024-12-13
Also published as: CN1624329A

Abstract

The present invention discloses a refrigeration compressor which relates to the technical field of a refrigeration device. The refrigeration compressor mainly comprises a casing, a motor, a balance block, a cylinder, a piston and an eccentric shaft, wherein the motor, the balance block and the cylinder are positioned in the casing; the piston is positioned in the cylinder, and an eccentric shaft sleeve is positioned in the piston; a rotating shaft of the motor is connected with the eccentric shaft through an eccentric connection mechanism, and the balance block which can offset the eccentric force generated when the eccentric shaft rotates is connected with the motor; and an elastic device which can push off the eccentric shaft and the piston is arranged between the eccentric shaft and the piston. The refrigeration compressor has the advantages of low process precision requirement, use of direct current power supply, no use place limit, small size, little power consumption, adjustable rotating speed and long service life; and the refrigeration compressor can be widely used for portable, mobile and miniature refrigeration devices.

Description

Refrigeration compressor

Technical field:

The present invention relates to technical field of refrigeration equipment, refer in particular to that a kind of requirement on machining accuracy is not high, volume is little, low in energy consumption, at the also spendable refrigeration compressor in the place of AC-less power.

Background technique:

At present, the power supply of refrigeration compressor all is to adopt ac power supply, and there is the defective of following several aspects in the compressor of this kind structure:

One, the field of employment is restricted

Do not have ac power supply the place, this kind compressor then can't use.

Two, volume is big, heavy

Because the technical factor of AC motor make that the volume of whole compressor is big, and weight is also quite big at present, occupation space is big, also moves very inconvenience.

Three, loss height

Because the loss of compressor electric motor itself is big, make that the efficient of compressor is low, the expense electricity, be unfavorable for energy saving.

Four, rotating speed can't be regulated

Because uncontrollable rotating speed of motor, make that compressor can only be according to certain speed operation, and can't regulate as the case may be.

Five, rate of fault height, the life-span is short

The brushless electric machine that common frequency-changeable compressor adopts, there is rotor-position sensor its inside; The electronic component of motor internal at high temperature, high pressure, oil arranged, be full of when working in the rugged environment of refrigeration agent, break down easily, the life-span is also shorter.

Six, compressor complex process, required precision height

For making piston outer wall be close to cylinder inner wall all the time, require the machining accuracy of outer wall etc. of piston very high, technology is comparatively complicated; Cost is also higher.

Summary of the invention:

The technical problem that the present invention solves is to provide a kind of and can overcomes foregoing problems, the refrigeration compressor that requirement on machining accuracy is lower, utilize DC electrical source, the field of employment is unrestricted, volume is little, power consumption is little, can regulate rotating speed, the life-span is long.

Technical problem of the present invention is achieved by the following technical solution: refrigeration compressor mainly includes: housing, motor, equilibrium block, cylinder, piston, eccentric shaft; Motor, equilibrium block and cylinder are positioned at housing; Piston is positioned at cylinder, and excentric sleeve is in piston; The rotating shaft of motor links to each other with eccentric shaft by an eccentric bindiny mechanism, and the equilibrium block of the eccentric force when having to offset the eccentric shaft rotation is connected on the motor; Eccentric shaft and piston space are provided with an elastic device that eccentric shaft and piston are pushed away out.

Described elastic device is made up of ball and spring.

Elastic device is positioned on the eccentric shaft groove away from eccentric shaft rotation axis one side; One end of the spring of elastic device withstands the bottom of groove, and the other end withstands ball, and ball withstands piston inner wall; This elastic device is positioned at the groove of piston opening towards eccentric shaft; One end of the spring of elastic device withstands the bottom of groove, and the other end withstands ball, and ball withstands the outer circumferential face of eccentric shaft, and the contacting point of ball and eccentric shaft is positioned at the side away from the eccentric shaft rotation axis.

Described motor is a dc brushless motor; The power supply input of motor is connected with the controller of a can regulate rotating speed of motor; This controller is a pulse width modulation (PWM) controller.

The present invention is provided with ball and spring between piston and eccentric shaft; Ball is under the elastic force of spring, all the time act on the piston inner wall, centrifugal force when eccentric shaft rotates in addition, make piston outer wall can be close to cylinder inner wall all the time, this structure can overcome the too high shortcoming of requirement on machining accuracy of rotor compressor in the past effectively, the precision of compressor is decreased, and the processing assembling is more convenient.Utilize the motor of low-voltage dc power supply, its volume is little, low in energy consumption; Because low-voltage dc power supply can provide by accumulate pond etc., thereby makes compressor can also use in the place of AC-less power, motor internal does not have electronic component, and lead-in wire has only three, and is simple, convenient, safety, fault-free.And the pulse width modulation by controller can realize the control to motor speed.The permanent-magnet brushless DC electric machine that the present invention adopts, its rotating speed is not subjected to the restriction of number of poles; Therefore, the way of output of inverter adopts not wide pulse-width modulation PWM mode in the DC frequency-changeable compressor of the present invention, the present invention can be as required be designed into the rated speed of motor more than 3000 rev/mins, carry out stepless speed regulation easily by DC frequency-changing again, thereby improve the refrigerating speed of compressor, reach the purpose of fast-refrigerating, make refrigeration speed of the present invention can reach about 3 times of constant speed compressor, can reach 1.5～2 times of AC frequency conversion refrigerator.The present invention can make compressor run up and produce big cold fast, in very short time, reach the temperature of setting refrigeration, and then by frequency control of motor speed with than low speed work, produce the cold of keeping on a small quantity, just can be with the state work of " fast-refrigerating; variable refrigeration; low speed is kept ", refrigerating capacity and load size that compressor is provided adapt, and be in low speed, the low-pressure ratio case conditions is running down, thereby can avoid high frequent starting power wastage that causes and the loss that reduces shutdown pressure, adopt the comparable general constant speed refrigerator of the refrigerator power saving 30～40% of compressor of the present invention; Simultaneously, because compressor of the present invention can be in the low speed and load running state in the overwhelming majority time, compare with compressor capacity, can further improve the capacity ratio of heat exchanger for refrigerator, the running of low-pressure ratio state also can increase substantially mechanical efficiency, compression efficiency, the volumetric efficiency of compressor, reduce power consumption, improve energy efficiency.The present invention adopts DC frequency-changing electric drive permanent-magnet brushless DC electric machine, motor is started under very low voltage conditions, thereby under the very little situation of electric current, obtain enough starting torques, realize soft start, avoided impact and interference, and can prolong the life-span of compressor and motor electrical network and household electric appliance.The motor stator that the present invention adopts has three phase windings, and rotor magnetic pole adopts the permanent-magnet steel excitation, need not field coil, so have energy-conservation, athermic advantage.Permanent-magnet brushless DC electric machine efficient height of the present invention can make the power factor of entire system reach more than 92%.Since the present invention can " at a high speed refrigeration, low speed is kept " the state running, avoided Fraquent start, thereby can significantly reduce noise.In addition, accuracy of temperature control height of the present invention, its accuracy of temperature control can reach ± 0.2 ℃ in, keep humidity, freshness to make food to greatest extent.

Description of drawings:

The present invention is further described below in conjunction with drawings and Examples:

Accompanying drawing 1 is the cross-sectional schematic of matching relationship between cylinder 4 of the present invention, piston 5 and the eccentric shaft 6;

Accompanying drawing 2 is axis cross-sectional schematic of compressor electric motor 2 of the present invention;

Accompanying drawing 3 is power supply annexation figure of controller 8 of the present invention and motor 2.

Embodiment:

See accompanying drawing 1 to 3, compressor of the present invention mainly includes: housing 1, motor 2, equilibrium block 3, cylinder 4, piston 5 and eccentric shaft 6; Motor 2, equilibrium block 3 and cylinder 4 are positioned at housing 1; Motor 2 is made of rotating shaft 21, stator 22, rotor 23, front cover 24, rear end cover 25; After front cover 24 is passed in rotating shaft 21, link to each other with eccentric shaft 6 by an eccentric bindiny mechanism (this linkage structure is General Construction, and is not shown).Front cover 24 and eccentric bindiny mechanism asked an equilibrium block 3 by screw in rotating shaft 21; Its direction is just in time opposite with eccentric shaft 6, makes compressor offset and keep balance in the eccentric force in when work; And, on front cover 24, offer through hole 241, when equilibrium block 3 rotates under the effect of rotating shaft 21, the interior lubricating oil splash of compressor is nebulized rest on each position that motor 2 grades need be lubricated.Motor 2 is the low-voltage direct brushless electric machine, and its power line is drawn the housing 1 of compressor by wiring terminal 9, is equipped with a controller 8 on the power line of motor 2.Controller 8 is a pulse width modulation (PWM) controller, by regulating the width of power pulse, can regulate the rotating speed of motor 2 effectively, thereby realizes adjusting, control to compressor operating.On compressor, have one to be connected with the interior cylinder 4 of outer sucking pipe 10 that is communicated with of housing 1 and compressor; Another place of cylinder 4 is provided with an outlet valve 41; By outlet valve 41, can utilize the outlet pipe 11 on the housing 1 that gas row is located outside the compressor.Piston 5 is positioned at cylinder 4, and eccentric shaft 6 is placed in the piston 5; The elastic device of being made up of ball 71 and spring 72 7 is positioned on the eccentric shaft 6 groove 61 away from eccentric shaft 6 rotation axiss one side; The bottom that one end of the spring 72 of elastic device 7 withstands groove 61, the other end withstands ball 71, and ball 71 withstands piston 5 inwalls; Ball 71 is under the elastic force of spring 72, all the time act on piston 5 inwalls, centrifugal force when eccentric shaft 6 rotates in addition, make piston 5 outer walls can be close to cylinder 4 inwalls all the time, this structure can overcome the too high shortcoming of requirement on machining accuracy of rotor compressor in the past, the precision of compressor is decreased, and the processing assembling is more convenient.Piston 5 rolls along cylinder 4 inwalls, and form a meniscate active chamber between cylinder 4 inwalls, and cylinder 4 upper edge inwalls offer a groove 42, slide plate 43 (also claiming the slip breast board) in the groove 42 makes its end closely contact with piston 5 by the active force of spring 44, with the moon middleman active chamber be divided into two-part, slide plate 43 is reciprocating along slide plate 43 conduits with the rolling of piston 5, and have end cap to be positioned in cylinder 4 two ends, with cylinder 4 inwalls, piston 5 outer walls, the point of contact, slide plate 43 constitutes the volume of cylinder of sealing, it is element volume, its volume size changes with piston 5 corners, the pressure of gas then changes with the size of element volume in the volume, thereby finishes the working procedure of compressor.

As another embodiment, elastic device 7 also can be positioned at the groove of piston 5 openings towards eccentric shaft 6; The bottom that one end of the spring 72 of elastic device 7 withstands groove, the other end withstands ball 71, and ball 71 withstands the outer circumferential face of eccentric shaft 6, and the contacting point of ball 71 and eccentric shaft 6 is positioned at the side away from eccentric shaft 6 rotation axiss.

Claims

1, a kind of refrigeration compressor mainly includes: housing (1), motor (2), equilibrium block (3), cylinder (4), piston (5), eccentric shaft (6); Motor (2), equilibrium block (3) and cylinder (4) are positioned at housing (1); Piston (5) is positioned at cylinder (4), and eccentric shaft (6) is placed in the piston (5); The rotating shaft (21) of motor (2) links to each other with eccentric shaft (6) by an eccentric bindiny mechanism, and the equilibrium block (3) of the eccentric force when having to offset eccentric shaft (6) rotation is connected on the motor (2); It is characterized in that: be provided with an elastic device (7) that eccentric shaft (6) and piston (5) are pushed away out between eccentric shaft (6) and piston (5).

2, compressor according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described elastic device (7) is made up of ball (71) and spring (72).

3, compressor according to claim 2 is characterized in that: elastic device (7) is positioned at the last groove (61) away from eccentric shaft (6) rotation axis one side of eccentric shaft (6); One end of the spring (72) of elastic device (7) withstands the bottom of groove (61), and the other end withstands ball (71), and ball (71) withstands piston (5) inwall.

4, compressor according to claim 2 is characterized in that: elastic device (7) is positioned at the groove of piston (5) opening towards eccentric shaft (6); The bottom that one end of the spring (72) of elastic device (7) withstands groove, the other end withstands ball (71), and ball (71) withstands the outer circumferential face of eccentric shaft (6), and the contacting point of ball (71) and eccentric shaft (6) is positioned at the side away from eccentric shaft (6) rotation axis.

5, compressor according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: described motor (2) is a dc brushless motor.

6, compressor according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: the power supply input of described motor (2) is connected with the controller (8) of the rotating speed of a can regulate motor (2).

7, compressor according to claim 3 is characterized in that: described motor (2) is a dc brushless motor.

8, compressor according to claim 4 is characterized in that: described motor (2) is a dc brushless motor.

9, compressor according to claim 3 is characterized in that: the power supply input of described motor (2) is connected with the controller (8) of the rotating speed of a can regulate motor (2).

10, compressor according to claim 4 is characterized in that: the power supply input of described motor (2) is connected with the controller (8) of the rotating speed of a can regulate motor (2).