CN100355561C - Biodegradable waterproof artificial floating island - Google Patents
Biodegradable waterproof artificial floating island Download PDFInfo
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- CN100355561C CN100355561C CNB2006100384524A CN200610038452A CN100355561C CN 100355561 C CN100355561 C CN 100355561C CN B2006100384524 A CNB2006100384524 A CN B2006100384524A CN 200610038452 A CN200610038452 A CN 200610038452A CN 100355561 C CN100355561 C CN 100355561C
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- floating island
- artificial floating
- degreasing
- biodegradable
- straw
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a biodegradable waterproof artificial floating island material prepared from main raw materials of farm crop wastes comprising cornstalks and straws. The material is characterized in that maleic anhydride is used as a degreasing agent, tung oil or polyurethane waterproof coating is used as a waterproof agent, diphenylmethane diisocyanate is used as a binder, lime and cement are taken as a plasticizer, and the biodegradable waterproof artificial floating island material is prepared by paving and hot pressing. The novel manual floating island medium material is suitable for being used in water body, and has the characteristics of high safety and easy popularization.
Description
One, technical field
The invention belongs to waterproof and water pollution control new material development field, product relates to the process technology of wood-based plate or similar material, relates to the agricultural crop straw process and utilization technology simultaneously.
Two, background technology
In recent years, along with the more and more care of people to environmental problem, the natural landscape situation of natural environment on every side, particularly waterside also more and more comes into one's own, under this background, not only water purification, people have also expressed very big hope to the artificial floating island technology of creating the diversity ecosystem.The main function of artificial floating island can reduce four aspects:
1. purification of water quality;
2. create the space of living of biological (birds, fish);
3. improve view;
4. wave dissipation effect, but artificial floating island opposite bank base constitutes protective effect.
Therefore, the artificial floating island technology is at present at the big reservoir of water-level fluctuation, or because of the reason of wave is difficult to recover the lakes and marhshes of bank water plant band, or be widely used in the closed waters such as pond that the view requirement is arranged.
In the selection of the floating carrier of artificial floating island and matrix, domestic and international employed main flow material all is natural material or macromolecule organic synthesis materials such as timber, bamboo, polystyrene, polyurethane foam material or sponge usually.
Artificial floating island can be divided into two kinds of dry type and wet types according to different needs.The dry type chinampa does not directly contact with water body because of plant, can cultivate large-scale woody, gardening plant, by the woody combination of difference, constitutes the good birds place of living, and has beautified view simultaneously yet; Water body and plant directly contact is the wet type artificial floating island, and the wet type artificial floating island can be divided into again framework and frameless two kinds.The wet type chinampa that framework is arranged, its framework generally can add expanded polystyrene (EPS) with timber, bamboo, fiber-reinforced plastic, stainless steel, special expanded polystyrene (EPS) adds materials such as special synthetic resin, salinization ethene synthetic resin, concrete and makes.The general available cocoanut fiber braiding in frameless wet type chinampa forms, because the edge is comparatively soft, is not afraid of the base infringement of mutual bump and opposite bank, and durability is also better.Also useful synthetic fibers are made the basal disc of plant, wrap up, are fixed into the case history on frameless wet type chinampa then with synthetic resin.
Because enrich in cheap, source, the floating carrier of artificial floating island uses polystyrene foamed material in a large number at present.But polystyrene foam can be separated out noxious material when being heated, and is placed on for a long time in the water body, to the people and the hydrobiological healthy very big harm that exists of contact water body.Polystyrene foam is in natural environment, even through hundreds of years, also can't be decomposed, participate in biological cycle by biology, thereby become new pollution sources.
In recent years, some company's researchs adopted right in person material such as conducts such as coconut husk, haydite to make the chinampa floating material.But, be subjected to the restriction of resource and cost, it is more to popularize difficulty in an all-round way.Therefore, development and produce low-cost, easy to use, biodegradable artificial floating island and have real environment protection significance, and this requirement that utilized positive adaptation again of agricultural organic waste.
Now, adopting natural polymers such as starch, cellulose, shitosan and konjaku glucomannan is that primary raw material is developed problems such as biodegradable sheet material, pellet and membrane material, has been classified as the research emphasis in degradative plastics field by world many countries.U.S. Warner﹠amp; Lambert company declared by the isomerization of starch being developed w (starch)＞90% biodegradable polymers in nineteen ninety-five.Afterwards, the scientific research personnel of Illinois, USA university develops a kind of brand-new biodegradation material--corn plastics; It is the good membranes material of raw material that Japan also works out with modified starch, konjaku powder.It is reinforcing material that the Teng Cuiqing of China etc. adopted cheap stalk in 2002, is matrix material with starch, prepares disposable biodegradable flowerpot by compression molding; Calendar year 2001s such as Wu Jun are primary raw material with dry method modification starch, by the plasticising by the composite elasticizer of V (glycerine): V (ethylene glycol)=form at 1: 2, add reinforcing agent PX and solubilizer EAA, can develop the starch-based thermoplastic biodegradable plastic after the blend.Studies show that w in these plastics (modified starch)=50%～70%, other adding ingredients are also all biodegradable, have the favorable mechanical performance.
Many with the research of genetically modified plants production biodegradable plastic in recent years, poly-beta-hydroxy-butanoic acid (PHB), spider's thread protein etc. all belong to biodegradable plastic, and wide application prospect is arranged.Obtained very big progress although produce the Biodegradable plastics next life with genetically modified plants, but biodegradable plastic content synthetic in the genetically modified plants is still very low, be far from reaching the requirement of commercially producing, and exist a series of side effect that is unfavorable for the plant growth.
At present, the overwhelming majority is the artifical board material of primary raw material with timber, only is adapted at using in the dry environment, in case be placed in the water body will very fast generation serious deformation even rot; And the wood-based plate of non-wooden material's moulding, even in the very heavy environment of moisture, also be easy to generate deformation.Therefore, existing wood-based panel product can not satisfy the needs of growing water environment treatment material.
Therefore, as early as possible R and D novel, be adapted in the water body using, security is good, the artificial floating island dielectric material that is easy to promote, is very urgent problem at present.
Three, summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is, in order to satisfy in regulation in water environment, the cosmetic treatment, to the specific (special) requirements of artificial floating island floating carrier and host material, develop a kind of with agricultural waste material--stalk is the biodegradable waterproof artificial floating island that primary raw material is made.
Technical solution of the present invention is: with wheat straw stalk, straw is primary raw material, by the adhesive formulation selection in the existing Wood-based Panel Production technology, the selection of additive and the aspects such as pre-treatment of material are improved, make a kind of novel biodegradable waterproof artificial floating island, it is characterized in that:
A. adopt the degreasing agent of maleic anhydride as raw material;
B. adopt tung oil or polyurethane water-proof paint as waterproofing agent;
C. adopting methyl diphenylene diisocyanate is adhesive;
D. surface layer 1 uses the short wheat straw stalk that cuts off, and sandwich layer 2 uses the straw of pulverizing.
In order to improve the intensity of finished product, also can in surface layer and core material, add an amount of lime or cement and make plasticizer.
Four, description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the assembly structural representation of biodegradable waterproof artificial floating island.1 is surface layer among the figure, by the formation of mating formation behind the short wheat straw stalk that cuts off (about 1～3cm the is long) mixing application; 2 is sandwich layer, constitutes by mating formation behind the straw mixing application of pulverizing.
Five, the specific embodiment
Embodiment 1:
With grass stalk and wheat straw stalk is that 5～15% maleic anhydride (chemical pure) aqueous solution stirs and soaked 8～24 hours with percentage by weight respectively; Pull out, air-dry, under 103 ± 2 ℃ condition, be dried to moisture content≤8%.Adopt pulverizer that grass stalk is crushed to particle, thin to passing through 10～20 mesh sieves; Adopt cutter that the wheat straw stalk is cut into the long short stalk of 1～3cm.
The short wheat straw stalk of 1kg is dropped in the mixer, add 5～10% tung oil (technical grade), after stirring, add 3%～5% methyl diphenylene diisocyanate (MDI) (chemical pure) again by the weight of straw by the weight of straw; After fully stirring, produce standby.
The crushed aggregates of straw of 5kg is dropped in the mixer, add 3%～5% tung oil by the weight of crushed aggregates of straw, after stirring, add 5%～10% methyl diphenylene diisocyanate (MDI) again by the weight of crushed aggregates of straw, after fully stirring, produce standby.
Short wheat straw stalk after the applying glue mated formation be that slab surface layer 1, the crushed aggregates of straw after the applying glue are mated formation and be slab sandwich layer 2 that with going to hot pressing in the hot press after the preformer precompressed, hot pressing parameters is respectively: hot pressing temperature: 160～180 ℃; Hot pressing pressure: unit pressure 5～8MPa; Hot pressing time: 20～45s/mm.Hot pressing finishes after cooling, cutting edge, polishing can obtain biodegradable waterproof artificial floating island finished product.
Embodiment 2:
In order to improve the intensity of finished product, dried raw material can be added percentage by weight simultaneously and is 2～5% powdery dry lime or cement and make plasticizer when being mixed mutually with tung oil.
All the other are with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 3:
As described in embodiment 1, tung oil can substitute with the bi-component asphalt modification polyurethane water-proof paint (normative reference: JC500-1992 " polyurethane water-proof paint ") of equivalent.
Biodegradable waterproof artificial floating island provided by the invention, its Main physical performance indications are as follows:
1. thickness: 0.50～150mm
2. density: 0.40～0.95g/cm
3
3.24 hour immersion expansion rate: 2%～10%
4. internal bond strength: 〉=0.60MPa
Because biodegradable waterproof artificial floating island provided by the invention, its primary raw material grass stalk and wheat straw stalk are natural Biodegradable material, therefore, as making up artificial floating carrier and the matrix that artificial floating island uses in water environment regulation, the cosmetic treatment, not only intensity height, water resistance are good, and have avoided pollution that water body and environment are caused.
Claims (5)
1. one kind is the biodegradable waterproof artificial floating island that primary raw material is made with wheat straw stalk, straw, is made of surface layer 1 and sandwich layer 2, it is characterized in that:
A. adopt the degreasing agent of maleic anhydride as raw material;
B. adopt tung oil or polyurethane water-proof paint as waterproofing agent;
C. adopting methyl diphenylene diisocyanate is adhesive;
D. surface layer 1 uses the short wheat straw stalk that cuts off, and sandwich layer 2 uses the straw of pulverizing.
2. biodegradable waterproof artificial floating island as claimed in claim 1, when it is characterized in that wheat straw stalk, straw carried out degreasing and soak, the weight percent concentration of its aqueous solution is 5%～15%, stirring soak time is 8～24 hours.
3. biodegradable waterproof artificial floating island as claimed in claim 1, when it is characterized in that preparing surface layer 1, adding is 5%～10% tung oil or polyurethane water-proof paint by weight in the wheat straw stalk after degreasing, drying, the cut-out; During preparation sandwich layer 2, adding is 3%～5% tung oil or polyurethane water-proof paint by weight in the straw after degreasing, drying, the pulverizing.
4. biodegradable waterproof artificial floating island as claimed in claim 1, when it is characterized in that preparing surface layer 1, adding is 3%～5% methyl diphenylene diisocyanate by weight in the wheat straw stalk after degreasing, drying and the cut-out; During preparation sandwich layer 2, adding is 5%～10% methyl diphenylene diisocyanate by weight in the straw after degreasing, drying and the pulverizing.
5. biodegradable waterproof artificial floating island as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that in surface layer and core material adding percentage by weight and is 2～5% powdery dry lime or cement and makes plasticizer.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2006100384524A CN100355561C (en) | 2006-02-23 | 2006-02-23 | Biodegradable waterproof artificial floating island |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2006100384524A CN100355561C (en) | 2006-02-23 | 2006-02-23 | Biodegradable waterproof artificial floating island |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1810678A CN1810678A (en) | 2006-08-02 |
| CN100355561C true CN100355561C (en) | 2007-12-19 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CNB2006100384524A Expired - Fee Related CN100355561C (en) | 2006-02-23 | 2006-02-23 | Biodegradable waterproof artificial floating island |
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Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7810279B2 (en) * | 2006-04-21 | 2010-10-12 | Fountainhead, Llc | Buoyant wetland system |
| CN104386935B (en) * | 2014-11-07 | 2016-05-25 | 新疆农业大学 | The preparation method of the ultralight coarse aggregate of a kind of cotton stalk |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1085487A (en) * | 1993-09-14 | 1994-04-20 | 北京市双桥稻草板厂 | The preparation method of compressed straw slab |
| CN2258853Y (en) * | 1995-10-25 | 1997-08-06 | 周大斌 | In-water float |
| US6017405A (en) * | 1997-05-02 | 2000-01-25 | Firma Theodor Hymmen | Method of making plates or profiled workpieces from annual plants |
| CN1473691A (en) * | 2003-06-11 | 2004-02-11 | 四川国栋建设股份有限公司 | Medium and high density artificial board of stalk and producing process and use |
| WO2005043975A1 (en) * | 2003-11-06 | 2005-05-19 | Yu Mao | Lawn carpet for soilless growing, and its preparing process and device |
-
2006
- 2006-02-23 CN CNB2006100384524A patent/CN100355561C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1085487A (en) * | 1993-09-14 | 1994-04-20 | 北京市双桥稻草板厂 | The preparation method of compressed straw slab |
| CN2258853Y (en) * | 1995-10-25 | 1997-08-06 | 周大斌 | In-water float |
| US6017405A (en) * | 1997-05-02 | 2000-01-25 | Firma Theodor Hymmen | Method of making plates or profiled workpieces from annual plants |
| CN1473691A (en) * | 2003-06-11 | 2004-02-11 | 四川国栋建设股份有限公司 | Medium and high density artificial board of stalk and producing process and use |
| WO2005043975A1 (en) * | 2003-11-06 | 2005-05-19 | Yu Mao | Lawn carpet for soilless growing, and its preparing process and device |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| CN1810678A (en) | 2006-08-02 |
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Granted publication date: 20071219 Termination date: 20110223 |