Background technology:
Along with environmental pollution becomes increasingly conspicuous, air quality problems more and more is subjected to people's attention.The nineteen ninety U.S. " clean air act " amendment has been enumerated 189 kinds of toxic and harmfuls, and wherein major part is a volatile organic contaminant in the air.In the past few decades, people once were placed on the air pollution of external environment to main notice and administered, and in recent ten years, just recognized the health significance of room air.States such as Europe, North America, Japan since the 1980s just to the research work of indoor environmental quality, and China also makes a series of " IAQ standards " successively in last century end, with this foundation as evaluation room air pollution level.Have statistics to show, the organic pollutant category that detects in all kinds of indoor environments is kind surplus in the of 200 nearly, and some is poisonous in them, and some can induce an illness, carcinogenic or teratogenesis.According to detection data to China's part building room air, newly fit up the serious room of after stain, the peak concentration of formaldehyde can reach 0.8~1mg/m
3, surpass national standard limits value (0.0gmg/m
3) more than 10 times.In addition, indoor air-conditioning equipment, furniture, chemical ﹠ blended fabric etc. also give out many poisonous and harmful substances, as various hydro carbons, aldehyde, ketone, benzene, dimethylbenzene etc.Abominable room air brings serious harm to human beings'health.
Most of indoor pollutant is oxidable, and photocatalytic method is a most effectual way of removing pollutant.TiO
2Be to use maximum based semiconductor photochemical catalysts at present.Shen Hangyan, Tang Xinshuo are at " TiO
2Organic pollution in the fine catalyst photocatalytic degradation room air " studied TiO in " Hang Zhou college journal (natural science edition) " 1998,25 (4)
2The catalytic degradation performance of indoor organic pollutants such as PARA FORMALDEHYDE PRILLS(91,95), acetaldehyde, acetone, ortho-xylene.Su Wenyue, Fu XianZhi, Wei, but magnesium was then in that " bromomethane is at TiO
2On photocatalytic degradation research " investigated the TiO of sol-gel process preparation in " SCI " 2001,22 (2)
2Degraded CH
3The gas-phase photocatalysis behavior of Br all obtains significative results.Why various organic pollutions can be by TiO
2The photochemical catalyst catalytic degradation is because of TiO
2Have special electronic structure: valence band is full of, the full sky of conduction band and forbidden band broad, thereby the valence band electronics can be crossed the forbidden band and enter conduction band by ultraviolet excitation, produces corresponding hole simultaneously on valence band.Light induced electron and photohole can be moved to catalyst surface rapidly and very strong redox ability is arranged, and photohole can be captured the organic electronics that is adsorbed on catalyst surface, make the organic matter active oxidation that does not absorb incident light originally.Yet the life-span of light induced electron and photohole is very short, has just lost catalytic activity after the two is compound.Therefore, catch TiO
2By light induced electron behind the ultraviolet excitation or photohole, stop its life-span of its compound prolongation just to become raising TiO
2The key of photochemical catalyst catalytic activity.
At present, solution to this problem mainly contains: one, and to TiO
2Middle doped metal ion is as Fe
3+, Eu
3+, Co
3+Deng.Cai Banghong, Ye Xingnan, red, the high taste of happy English have carried out " mixing iron TiO
2The research of gas-phase photocatalysis degraded n-hexane " " chemistry circular " 2003,66 (11), Yang Qiujing, permitted to rely on oneself, thanked super, Xue Baoyong, Du Yaoguo, Zhang Jiahua and investigated then that " europium mixes to nano-TiO
2The influence of catalytic activity " " SCI " 2004,25 (9).Metal cations Fe
3+, Eu
3+, Co
3+Doping why can improve TiO
2The catalytic activity of photochemical catalyst, be because of its can be at TiO
2Form trap level in the lattice, catch TiO
2Light induced electron, reduced the compound of light induced electron and photohole.Yet, because metal cations Fe
3+, Eu
3+, Co
3+Light transmission poor, when its doping increases, will hinder TiO
2To the absorption of light and make TiO
2The raising of photochemical catalyst catalytic activity is subjected to certain limitation.Two, use TiO
2As precious metal elements such as supported carrier Au, Ag, Pt, Pd.Mao Liqun, Feng Caixia, Jin Zhensheng, Zhang Zhijun, Dang Hongxin are at " Au/TiO
2Preparation and Photocatalytic Property Towards Propylene thereof " " photographic science and photochemistry " 2005,23 (1), Liu Shouxin, Wang Yan, Li Haichao, Li Shirun " are carrying silver-colored photochemical catalyst Ag-TiO
2Synthetic and photocatalysis performance " result of study in " the Northeast Forestry University's journal " 2001,29 (6) shows, by TiO
2The Au that supports, Ag also can resemble the metal cations Fe of doping
3+, Eu
3+Become Deng equally and to catch TiO
2The trap of light induced electron, and improve catalytic activity thus.But equally also can shield TiO because of its light transmission difference
2To the absorption of light, influence the raising of catalyst quantum efficient.Three, use supported carrier TiO
2Select a kind of suitable carriers to finish to TiO
2Fixing, be photocatalysis worker's research direction always." the nano-TiO of Fang Youling, Zhao Wenkuan, Yin Shaohua
2Immobilization on the hollow ceramic microballoon and photocatalysis Decomposition octane " " applied chemistry " 1997,14 (2), " supported titanium of Shen Hangyan, Tang Xinshuo, Guan Minyuan, Qi Weijun
2The degradation property research of Preparation of catalysts and photocatalysis acetone steam " " Journal of Molecular Catalysis " 1999; 13 (6); Jiang Yijun; " glass tube carrying of titanium dioxide powder is to the photocatalytic effect of ethylene gas " " Dalian Polytechnic College journal " 2004 of Xiang Weidong; 23 (1); Hu Chun, the patent of invention of Wang Yizhong " preparation method of load type titania photocatalyst " application number 99102734.5, Lee's cinnabar, Shao Youlin, Liang Tongxiang, Tang Yaping, Tang Chun and patent of invention " photochemical catalyst of nano-carrier " application number 200410068963, study and disclose pottery respectively, glass, silica, the convex-concave rod, the effect of CNT/activated carbon complex carrier and load TiO
2After photocatalysis performance.In addition, the research report that also has variety carrier such as extra large sand, zeolite, high molecular polymer, metal.But these carriers or do not catch light induced electron or photohole improve TiO
2The function of photocatalytic activity (as pottery, glass, silica, convex-concave rod etc.), or resemble metal cations Fe again
3+, Eu
3+The same problem that has a light transmission difference with precious metal element Au, Ag (as CNT/activated carbon complex carrier etc.), therefore, also all exist and can not significantly improve TiO
2The defective of semiconductor light-catalyst catalytic activity.
Another major issue is TiO
2The inactivation of photochemical catalyst has had a strong impact on the service life of catalyst.Zhang Qiancheng, Zhang Fengbao, Zhang Guoliang, Zhang Xiaoping studied variable concentrations in the circulation light catalyst system and catalyzing " benzene is at TiO
2On the gas-phase photocatalysis reactivity worth " " China Environmental Science " 2003,23 (6), experiment shows, when the initial concentration of benzene is lower than 100mg/m
3The time, along with the carrying out of reaction, benzene concentration can constantly reduce; And the concentration of working as benzene reaches 300mg/m
3, then be difficult to observe the change in concentration of benzene.DengXingyi Yue Yinghong Gao Zi is also at " Gas-phase Photo-oxidation of Organic Compoundsover Nanosized TiO
2Photocatalysis by Various Preparations " Applied Catalysis BEnvironmental[J] in 2002,39 (2) comparatively detailed investigation the TiO of prepared in various methods in the circulation light catalyst system and catalyzing
2To organic catalytic oxidation.The result shows, when the content of benzene in the gas phase is 0.086%, and the 0.55g TiO that crosses with sulfuric acid treatment
2Degradation rate to benzene is 16.8%, and catalyst has just lost activity after 3 hours.
The objective of the invention is for a kind of like this carrier is provided: it can not only be finished TiO as common carrier
2Fixing, but also, can catch TiO because of its special crystal structure
2The light induced electron that under action of ultraviolet light, produces, stop the multiple of light induced electron and photohole and, because of itself being exactly the good transparency of a kind of illuminator tool, can not hinder and shield TiO again
2To the absorption of light, thereby improved TiO greatly
2The catalytic activity of photochemical catalyst.Carrier loaded thus photochemical catalyst also has than pure TiO
2Catalyzed conversion to gaseous-phase organic pollutant has longer service life.
This carrier is SrAl
2O
4: Eu
2+, Dy
3+SrAl
2O
4: Eu
2+, Dy
3+Be the second generation environmental friendliness long afterglow luminescence material of just developing the early 1990s in last century, wherein SrAl
2O
4Be matrix, Eu
2+Be the centre of luminescence, Dy
3+With SrAl
2O
4Lattice defect form various trap levels, can catch light induced electron.Its preparation technology is comparatively ripe, at present, is mainly used in fire-fighting evacuation Warning Mark system, the building decoration decoration, the town and country place names indicates and vehicle label, industry and fields such as instrument and meter, timepiece dial demonstration, with its as the carrier of catalyst then from not being reported.
The specific embodiment:
Embodiment one:
1. prepare 20g luminescent material SrAl
2O
4: Eu
2+, Dy
3+Load contain 1Wt%TiO
2Loaded photocatalyst.Its preparation method is: accurately take by weighing the 0.8522g butyl titanate and mix with the 3.95mL absolute ethyl alcohol, add the mixed solution of the nitric acid and the 1.8mL absolute ethyl alcohol of 0.2mL deionized water, 0.2mL65%~68% again, constantly stir, add 20g luminescent material SrAl
2O
4: Eu
2+, Dy
3+, place 70 ℃ of drying with water baths, put in the Muffle furnace 450 ℃ of roastings 3 hours into, be cooled to room temperature preservation.
2. estimating the performance of this loaded photocatalyst, is to be the analog gas pollutant with benzene, carries out in a kind of static reaction device.Reaction unit is made up of a closed stainless steel cavity, total measurement (volume) 0.17m
3, the uviol lamp (dominant wavelength 253.7nm) of a little electric fan and three 10 watts is installed on the internal stent.Experimental temperature remains on 40 ℃, controls by outer four infrared lamps placing of reactor.During experiment, earlier photochemical catalyst is dispersed in that the gross area is 100cm in the reactor
2Aluminium foil on, again certain quantity of fluid benzene injecting reactor is made it volatilization, after absorption reached balance, the sampling and testing initial concentration was opened the ultra violet lamp photochemical catalyst and then every sample analysis half an hour.Initial concentration and reaction beginning back benzene concentration changing value all detect with gas chromatograph.
The initial concentration of gas-phase benzene is 1500mg/m
3The time, 20g luminescent material SrAl
2O
4: Eu
2+, Dy
3+Load contain 1Wt%TiO
2Loaded photocatalyst 3.5 hours be 30.9% to the degradation rate of benzene, catalysqt deactivation.
The initial concentration of gas-phase benzene is 1500mg/m
3The time, pure TiO
20.2g (preparation method is with supported titanium among the embodiment one
2The preparation of photochemical catalyst, just no carrier added luminescent material SrAl
2O
4: Eu
2+, Dy
3+) photochemical catalyst 1.5 hours was 9.6% to the degradation rate of benzene, catalysqt deactivation.
Embodiment two:
1. prepare 20g luminescent material SrAl
2O
4: Eu
2+, Dy
3+Load contain 2Wt%TiO
2Loaded photocatalyst.Its preparation method is: accurately take by weighing the 1.7044g butyl titanate and mix with the 3.0mL absolute ethyl alcohol, add the mixed solution of the nitric acid and the 1.5mL absolute ethyl alcohol of 0.4mL deionized water, 0.4mL65%~68% again, constantly stir, add 20g luminescent material SrAl
2O
4: Eu
2+, Dy
3+, place 70 ℃ of drying with water baths, put in the Muffle furnace 450 ℃ of roastings 3 hours into, be cooled to room temperature preservation.
2. estimate the performance of this loaded photocatalyst, reaction unit and evaluation method are with embodiment one.
The initial concentration of gas-phase benzene is 1500mg/m
3The time, 20g luminescent material SrAl
2O
4: Eu
2+, Dy
3+Load contain 2Wt%TiO
2Loaded photocatalyst 4 hours be 34.8% to the degradation rate of benzene, catalysqt deactivation.
The initial concentration of gas-phase benzene is 1500mg/m
3The time, pure TiO
20.4g (preparation method is with supported titanium among the embodiment two
2The preparation of photochemical catalyst, just no carrier added luminescent material SrAl
2O
4: Eu
2+, Dy
3+) photochemical catalyst 1.5 hours was 11.9% to the degradation rate of benzene, catalysqt deactivation.
The initial concentration of gas-phase benzene is 750mg/m
3The time, 20g luminescent material SrAl
2O
4: Eu
2+, Dy
3+Load contain 2Wt%TiO
2Loaded photocatalyst be 63.4% in 8 hours to the degradation rate of benzene, catalyst is inactivation not yet.
The initial concentration of gas-phase benzene is 750mg/m
3The time, pure TiO
20.4g (preparation method is with supported titanium among the embodiment two
2The preparation of photochemical catalyst, just no carrier added luminescent material SrAl
2O
4: Eu
2+, Dy
3+) photochemical catalyst 3 hours was 23.5% to the degradation rate of benzene, catalysqt deactivation.
Embodiment three:
1. prepare 20g luminescent material SrAl
2O
4: Eu
2+, Dy
3+Load contain 3Wt%TiO
2Loaded photocatalyst.Its preparation method is: earlier with embodiment one: 1. load 1Wt%TiO
2After, use embodiment two again: 1. do secondary load, put in the Muffle furnace 450 ℃ of roastings 3 hours into, be cooled to room temperature preservation.
2. estimate the performance of this loaded photocatalyst, reaction unit and evaluation method are with embodiment one.
The initial concentration of gas-phase benzene is 1500mg/m
3The time, 20g luminescent material SrAl
2O
4: Eu
2+, Dy
3+Load contain 3Wt%TiO
2Loaded photocatalyst 4 hours be 33.4% to the degradation rate of benzene, catalysqt deactivation.
The initial concentration of gas-phase benzene is 1500mg/m
3The time, pure TiO
20.6g (preparation method mixes with the 11.85mL absolute ethyl alcohol for accurately taking by weighing the 2.5566g butyl titanate, the mixed solution that adds the nitric acid and the 5.4mL absolute ethyl alcohol of 0.6mL deionized water, 0.6mL65%~68% again, stir, place 70 ℃ of drying with water baths, put in the Muffle furnace 450 ℃ of roastings 3 hours into) photochemical catalyst 2 hours was 13.7% to the degradation rate of benzene, catalysqt deactivation.
The initial concentration of gas-phase benzene is 750mg/m
3The time, 20g luminescent material SrAl
2O
4: Eu
2+, Dy
3+Load contain 3Wt%TiO
2Loaded photocatalyst be 60.7% in 8 hours to the degradation rate of benzene, catalyst is inactivation not yet.
The initial concentration of gas-phase benzene is 750mg/m
3The time, pure TiO
20.6g (preparation method mixes with the 11.85mL absolute ethyl alcohol for accurately taking by weighing the 2.5566g butyl titanate, the mixed solution that adds the nitric acid and the 5.4mL absolute ethyl alcohol of 0.6mL deionized water, 0.6mL65%~68% again, stir, place 70 ℃ of drying with water baths, put in the Muffle furnace 450 ℃ of roastings 3 hours into) photochemical catalyst 4 hours was 28.1% to the degradation rate of benzene, catalysqt deactivation.
Embodiment four:
1. prepare 20g luminescent material SrAl
2O
4: Eu
2+, Dy
3+Load contain 4Wt%TiO
2Loaded photocatalyst.Its preparation method is: with embodiment two: 1. after doing twice load continuously, put in the Muffle furnace 450 ℃ of roastings 3 hours into, be cooled to room temperature preservation.
2. estimate the performance of this loaded photocatalyst, reaction unit and evaluation method are with embodiment one.
The initial concentration of gas-phase benzene is 1500mg/m
3The time, 20g luminescent material SrAl
2O
4: Eu
2+, Dy
3+Load contain 4Wt%TiO
2Loaded photocatalyst 3.5 hours be 32.2% to the degradation rate of benzene, catalysqt deactivation.
The initial concentration of gas-phase benzene is 1500mg/m
3The time, pure TiO
20.8g (preparation method mixes with the 15.80mL absolute ethyl alcohol for accurately taking by weighing the 3.4088g butyl titanate, the mixed solution that adds the nitric acid and the 7.2mL absolute ethyl alcohol of 0.8mL deionized water, 0.8mL65%~68% again, stir, place 70 ℃ of drying with water baths, put in the Muffle furnace 450 ℃ of roastings 3 hours into) photochemical catalyst 2.5 hours was 14.8% to the degradation rate of benzene, catalysqt deactivation.
The initial concentration of gas-phase benzene is 750mg/m
3The time, 20g luminescent material SrAl
2O
4: Eu
2+, Dy
3+Load contain 4Wt%TiO
2Loaded photocatalyst be 58.6% in 8 hours to the degradation rate of benzene, catalyst is inactivation not yet.
The initial concentration of gas-phase benzene is 750mg/m
3The time, pure TiO
20.8g (preparation method mixes with the 15.80mL absolute ethyl alcohol for accurately taking by weighing the 3.4088g butyl titanate, the mixed solution that adds the nitric acid and the 7.2mL absolute ethyl alcohol of 0.8mL deionized water, 0.8mL65%~68% again, stir, place 70 ℃ of drying with water baths, put in the Muffle furnace 450 ℃ of roastings 3 hours into) photochemical catalyst 5 hours was 32.4% to the degradation rate of benzene, catalysqt deactivation.
Embodiment five:
1. prepare 20g luminescent material SrAl
2O
4: Eu
2+, Dy
3+Load contain 5Wt%TiO
2Loaded photocatalyst.Its preparation method is: earlier with embodiment one: 1. load 1Wt%TiO
2After, use embodiment two again: 1. after doing twice load more continuously, put in the Muffle furnace 450 ℃ of roastings 3 hours into, be cooled to room temperature preservation.
2. estimate the performance of this loaded photocatalyst, reaction unit and evaluation method are with embodiment one.
The initial concentration of gas-phase benzene is 1500mg/m
3The time, 20g luminescent material SrAl
2O
4: Eu
2+, Dy
3+Load contain 5Wt%TiO
2Loaded photocatalyst 3.5 hours be 30.1% to the degradation rate of benzene, catalysqt deactivation.
The initial concentration of gas-phase benzene is 1500mg/m
3The time, pure TiO
21.0g (preparation method mixes with the 19.75mL absolute ethyl alcohol for accurately taking by weighing the 4.2610g butyl titanate, the mixed solution that adds the nitric acid and the 9.0mL absolute ethyl alcohol of 1.0mL deionized water, 1.0mL65%~68% again, stir, place 70 ℃ of drying with water baths, put in the Muffle furnace 450 ℃ of roastings 3 hours into) photochemical catalyst 2.5 hours was 16.4% to the degradation rate of benzene, catalysqt deactivation.
Embodiment six:
1. prepare 20g luminescent material SrAl
2O
4: Eu
2+, Dy
3+Load contain 6Wt%TiO
2Loaded photocatalyst.Its preparation method is: with embodiment two: 1. after doing three loads continuously, put in the Muffle furnace 450 ℃ of roastings 3 hours into, be cooled to room temperature preservation.
2. estimate the performance of this loaded photocatalyst, reaction unit and evaluation method are with embodiment one.
The initial concentration of gas-phase benzene is 1500mg/m
3The time, 20g luminescent material SrAl
2O
4: Eu
2+, Dy
3+Load contain 6Wt%TiO
2Loaded photocatalyst 3.5 hours be 28.2% to the degradation rate of benzene, catalysqt deactivation.
The initial concentration of gas-phase benzene is 1500mg/m
3The time, pure TiO
21.2g (preparation method mixes with the 23.70mL absolute ethyl alcohol for accurately taking by weighing the 5.1132g butyl titanate, the mixed solution that adds the nitric acid and the 10.8mL absolute ethyl alcohol of 1.2mL deionized water, 1.2mL65%~68% again, stir, place 70 ℃ of drying with water baths, put in the Muffle furnace 450 ℃ of roastings 3 hours into) photochemical catalyst 3 hours was 18.5% to the degradation rate of benzene, catalysqt deactivation.