CN100347921C - Distribution type integrated electric energy quality regulator - Google Patents
Distribution type integrated electric energy quality regulator Download PDFInfo
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- CN100347921C CN100347921C CNB2004100045278A CN200410004527A CN100347921C CN 100347921 C CN100347921 C CN 100347921C CN B2004100045278 A CNB2004100045278 A CN B2004100045278A CN 200410004527 A CN200410004527 A CN 200410004527A CN 100347921 C CN100347921 C CN 100347921C
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02E40/30—Reactive power compensation
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a distribution type integrated electric energy quantity regulating device which belongs to the technical field of electric network electric energy quantity regulation. The present invention is characterized in that the present invention is composed of a measuring circuit which contains measuring elements, a control loop which has a calculation function and comprises reactive power compensation, an action loop composed of thyristors which are connected in antiparallel by phases or lines and a main loop of a grouping electric power capacitor, wherein the measuring circuit is coupled with an electric network through three current transformers and three voltage transformers; the control loop is mainly composed of an INTEL 16-bit single-chip computer and chips around the single-chip computer, and output signals of the control loop control the breaking of the action loop. The present invention has the functions of reactive compensation and integrated electric energy quality regulation, and has the advantages of high compensation accuracy, fast dynamic response, no switching impact, no transient excess voltage, high opening and closing frequency and long service life.
Description
Technical field
Distributed comprehensive electric energy quality adjusting device belongs to line voltage, electric current quality adjustment technical field.
Technical background
Present reactive power compensator and comprehensive electric energy quality instrument have following several:
(1), dynamic reactive power phase splitting compensation method and device (＜notification number〉1404197)
This disclosure of the Invention a kind of dynamic reactive power phase splitting compensation method and device.This method and device are controlled with Industrial PC Computer with antiparallel thyristor and the diode switch of capacitor by way of compensation, by following the tracks of the reactive current or the reactive power of detection load, the hierarchical capacitor group are carried out the phase-splitting switching.
Foregoing invention utilizes PC to control, and does not have the electric energy quality monitoring function; And the present invention utilizes single-chip microcomputer as the control core, and it is low to control cost, and has multiple functions such as electric energy quality monitoring, record, cost performance height.
(2), the control method of reactive power compensator and device (＜notification number〉1414679)
The present invention discloses a kind of control method and device of reactive power compensator, comprising: required idle arithmetic unit, proportional-integral-differential control device and idle contrary calculation element; The output of required idle computing links to each other with idle contrary input of calculating; The output of proportional-integral-differential control device and described idle contrary output of calculating all are connected to same adder input, and the output of adder is exactly the phase angle difference δ that controlled quentity controlled variable-system voltage and static var compensator STATCOM send voltage; It is characterized in that also comprising: single-phase instantaneous reactive calculation element, the input of same comparator is received in the output of its output and required idle computing, and the input of proportional-integral-differential control is received in the output of comparator.Owing to calculate the instantaneous meritorious and reactive power of each single phase system with the computational methods of single-phase instantaneous reactive power, thereby realize dynamic asymmetric reactive power compensation, solve the asymmetry problem of voltage, electric current, improved distribution network electric energy quality.
Its controlling object of foregoing invention is a Static Var Compensator, and its cost is very high, and we apply for that the controlling object of inventing is a capacitor, both working method differences, and price is mutually far short of what is expected.
(3), HSVG (＜notification number〉1359183)
The present invention relates to a kind of being applied in the electric power system; playing the HSVG of the strong supporting role of reactive power and voltage, is to constitute by starting rectifier, GTO inverter bridge, direct current capacitor group, output transformer of inverter, connection transformer, high-tension switch cabinet, control unit, detecting unit, protected location and cooling system etc.The present invention has the advantages that capacity is little, cost is low, harmonic wave of output voltage content is little, and is little by 15～30% to the comparable silent oscillation reactive power compensator of the idle support capacity that steady state load is provided.Can be applicable in the electric power system, the safety and economy that guarantees electrical network rationally moves, be used for the harm that voltage fluctuation, flickering and asymmetric operation produced that user side improves the quality of power supply, solves arc furnace and the generation of electric railway system, solve rolling mill, the caused line voltage distortion of hoist engine impact load, and higher harmonic current is to the pollution of electrical network, to improve the quality of power supply and to improve the quality of products.
Can know that from the description of foregoing invention this invention controlling object is the GTO inverter bridge, it is online to be applied in high voltage power transmission, and we apply for inventing and be applied in low pressure 400V power distribution network, both working methods are all different with range of application.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to: at the problem of existing product, electrical quantitys such as a kind of voltage that can monitor low-voltage network, electric current are proposed, and can be by analytical calculation, compensating power, burning voltage that can be accurately and fast, improve the distributed comprehensive electric energy quality adjusting device of three-phase current unbalance degree, thereby the needs that adapt to electric power development allow the electric power be national product and people's lives better service.
In order to reach above purpose, distributed comprehensive electric energy quality adjusting device of the present invention is made up of the major loop that contains the measuring circuit of measuring components and parts, the control loop that contains computing function, action circuit and grouping power capacitor.Wherein measure the loop by 3 current transformers and 3 voltage transformers and electrical network coupling, electrical network three-phase current, voltage by instrument transformer be converted to-5V arrives+small-signal of 5V, is transported to control loop.The offset current of main circuit output is connected in the electrical network.Control loop mainly is made of chips such as 16 single-chip microcomputers of Intel and peripheral RAM and ROM, and control loop outputs signal to actuating circuit.
Measure the loop during work and give control loop the voltage and current signal that collects, control circuit goes out information such as the power, power factor, harmonic components of electrical network by computed in software, calculate the switching value of anti-parallel thyristor then, and control signal flowed to action module, control opening or turn-offing of anti-parallel thyristor, thereby realize output reactive power, the idle and stable line voltage of bucking-out system to system.
The invention is characterized in that it contains:
Measuring circuit, it is an electronic switch circuit of being made up of resistance and operational amplifier, its input passes through by 3 current transformers and 3 measurement loop and electrical network couplings that voltage transformer is formed;
Control loop, by single-chip microcomputer, address latch, sheet selects chip, RAM, ROM, NVSRAM and I/O extended chip are formed, wherein, the signal input part of described single-chip microcomputer links to each other with each measuring-signal output of described measuring circuit, each data of described single-chip microcomputer, the address signal output links to each other with each respective input of described address latch, each address logic signal output of described address latch respectively with above-mentioned each RAM, ROM, each Enable Pin of NVSRAM and I/O extended chip links to each other, each data of described single-chip microcomputer, the address signal output also selects each sheet selected control system signal input part of chip to link to each other with described, each corresponding output end that this sheet selects chip then respectively with above-mentioned ROM, RAM, the chip selection signal input of NVSRAM and I/O extended chip links to each other, and described NVSRAM is meant the Nonvolatile static random asccess memory;
Actuating circuit, the three-phase anti-parallel thyristor that two opto-coupler chips that linked to each other with the output of above-mentioned I/O extended chip respectively by input, two voltage zero-crossing detection circuits that constitute with resistance and diode parallel connection and three phase capacitance are switched usefulness constitutes, wherein the negative pole of diode links to each other with the output of above-mentioned two opto-coupler chips respectively in two voltage zero-crossing detection circuits, and is anodal then link to each other with the control end of three-phase anti-parallel thyristor respectively;
Major loop is made up of the grouping power capacitor.
In sum, distributed comprehensive electric energy quality adjusting device has covered the function of two types product: reactive power compensator and comprehensive electric energy quality instrument, and these two kinds of products have all been done largely improved.Reactive power compensator does not in the past have the function of power quality analyzer, has that compensation precision is low, dynamic response waits shortcoming slowly, can not adapt to the requirement of power supply development.Power quality analyzer function ratio in the past is more single, can only detect network operation situation, can not initiatively go to improve network quality.
Description of drawings
The general illustration of Fig. 1, device of the present invention.
The main circuit circuit diagram that Fig. 2, embodiment use, K is a switch; Kl, Ka, Kb, Kc are anti-parallel thyristors, R
A △, R
AY, R
B △, R
BY, R
C △, R
CYIt is fuse.
The theory diagram of control loop among Fig. 3, the embodiment.
The used chip figure of control loop among Fig. 4, the embodiment:
The a:CPU singlechip chip, b: the address latch chip,
C: sheet selects chip, the d:RAM chip,
The e:ROM chip, the f:NVSRAM chip,
The f:I/O extended chip.
The circuit theory diagrams of measuring circuit among Fig. 5, the embodiment, not shown electric current, voltage transformer, and be representative to measure Ua, all the other are identical.
The schematic diagram of actuating circuit among Fig. 6, the embodiment.
Embodiment:
Described measuring circuit contains: with three current transformer SCT204A of electrical network coupling and three voltage transformer SPT204A, each input respectively with the negative feedback operational amplifier LM324 of above-mentioned each instrument transformer output through the resistance reversal connection, the negative feedback operational amplifier LM324 that another level conversion is used, current and voltage signals source of its input reversal connection, its output links to each other with the negative terminal of this operational amplifier through resistance.
Measuring circuit is as shown in Figure 5:
Measuring circuit is gathered 6 signals altogether, A phase current IA, B phase current IB, C phase current IC, A phase voltage Ua, B phase voltage Ub, C phase voltage Uc also has two reference signal current in middle wire IO (backward channel of current sampling signal), neutral voltage Un (voltage reference points) in addition.Wherein current sensor is installed on the three phase transmission line of electrical network as shown in Figure 2, needs 3 current sensors altogether.Voltage sensor is installed in controller inside, and controller Ua, Ub promptly shown in Figure 2, Uc input position need 3 voltage sensors altogether.
The signal demand that transducer sends is nursed one's health, and Fig. 5 is to be the modulate circuit figure of example with A phase voltage Ua, and the modulate circuit of other 5 signals is identical, no longer specifically draws here.The signal Ua that instrument transformer flows to measuring circuit is the-5V sine wave to+5V, and the signal that outputs to control circuit through level shifting circuit shown in Figure 5 is the sine wave of 0～5V, and CPU80C196KB can Direct Sampling.The signal of measuring loop output is delivered to the sampling channel of CPU 80C196KB respectively, and shown in Fig. 4 (a), concrete corresponding relation sees the following form.
| Signal | The pin number of CPU | Name |
| The | 6 | ?ACH0 |
| The | 5 | ?ACH1 |
| The | 7 | ?ACH2 |
| The | 4 | ?ACH3 |
| The | 11 | ?ACH4 |
| The | 10 | ?ACH5 |
In described control circuit, single-chip microcomputer chip 80C196KB, address latch chip 74LS573, sheet selects chip GAL16V8D, ROM chip 27C256, RAM chip 62256, NVSRAM DS1230Y, I/O extended chip 82C55A; The AD0 of its chips 80C196KB～AD15 end respectively with the respective end interconnection of chip 74LS573, GAL16V8D, A0～A15 of chip 74LS573 links to each other with the respective end of chip 27C256,62256, DS1230Y and 82C55A respectively, and the CE end of chip GAL16V8D links to each other with 27C256,62256, DS1230Y and 82C55A respective end respectively.
Control loop is shown in Fig. 3,4:
The structured flowchart of control loop is shown in Fig. 3,4.The data/address bus of CPU 80C196KB and address bus are connected on the address latch 74LS573, thereby separate with data-signal the realization address.Utilize high address A15-A6 to make the address selection logic signal then, the Enable Pin that connects different peripheral chips by the GAL16V8D chip respectively, according to the chip of the definite visit of reference address, these chips that can select comprise RAM 62256, ROM 27C256, NVSRAM DS1230Y and 82C55A.
Control loop receives the signal of measuring circuit feedback, and analysis meter is calculated electrical quantity at that time and the result is kept among the NVSRAM DS1230Y then, and controlled quentity controlled variable is outputed on the IO extended chip 82C55A.82C55A is converted to switching value to controlled quentity controlled variable, and the opening or turn-offing of anti-parallel thyristor in the control action module, thereby the input of control capacitor group or excision realize to electrical network output reactive power.
COMM is a communication chip, and the external world can be by the historical record data of this port from the control loop reading and saving.
Fig. 6 is the circuit theory diagrams of actuating circuit among the embodiment.Main control chip 80C196KB delivers to the 82C55 chip to the control signal that calculates, just deliver to actuating circuit Vin pin then, this signal is sent on the 1st pin of opto-coupler chip moc3083 of Motorola Inc. immediately, moc3083 has the function of automatic detection voltage zero-cross, when system voltage arrives dead-center position, moc3083 delivers to signal on K1 and the K2, thus the conducting bidirectional triode thyristor, and the compensates electric capacitor begins the reactive power that affords redress to system.CONIN, MYCON4 are connectors, and IN4007 is a diode.
Test shows that present embodiment has following characteristics:
(1), adopt anti-parallel thyristor as noncontacting switch, in establish zero cross fired, can realize no-voltage input, zero current excision, have switching and do not have impact, non-transient overvoltage, switching frequency height, advantage such as long service life and dynamic response are fast.
(2), flexible working mode, install compensation capacities at different levels and can set according to actual conditions, can control 12 groups at most simultaneously and mend altogether and 4 components are mended electric capacity.Device adopts " △+Y " connection, has made full use of condenser capacity, and makes every mutually idle The optimal compensation that obtains.
(3), capacitor group switching cycle, the capacitor of throwing excision earlier earlier reduces switching frequency, prolongs the useful life of capacitor.
(4), safe and reliable, safeguard measure is complete and possess following blocking function.
Prevent the locked loop of capacitor miscarrying when 1. route protection trips;
When 2. capacitor bank protection moves, the control command of locking;
When 3. capacitor group switch fault or capacitor group are overhauled, the control command of locking;
4. in setting-up time, when same capacitor group is sent contrary instructions, the control command of locking;
5. cause when harmonic wave crosses the border after dropping into the capacitor group, send the excision instruction.
6. after the power down, device can be preserved data and failure wave-recording automatically.
(5), digital operation, device serves as the control core with advanced person's single-chip microcomputer, controller setting and output show and are digital quantity, user interface close friend, operation is directly perceived, the reliability height.
(6), manual switching switches, device can be selected manually and two kinds of control modes of automatic switching.
(7), automatic measuring ability is arranged, make the electric current input of device not be subjected to the influence of polarity.
(8), the scene is provided with controller parameter.
Device can be provided with the CT no-load voltage ratio in real time, drops into thresholding, excision thresholding, overvoltage, under-voltage, delay value, altogether mend progression, divide and mend progression, mend level altogether and hold and divide parameters such as mending the level appearance.
(9), communication is convenient
Controller has the RS232 serial ports, and is infrared mouthful, and the GPRS interface can be realized and the communicating by letter of PC easily by these interfaces, by the PC collection, check and the print control unit record data.
(10), harmonic wave processing capacity
Adopt the computational methods of fast fourier transform, can calculate, preservation and the total aberration rate THD of display voltage harmonic wave, 3～11 order harmonic components etc., and can realize the harmonic wave warning function that crosses the border.
(11), computational accuracy height
By voltage, electric current and instantaneous power integrating meter are calculated active power, reactive power, apparent power and power factor, avoid the influence of wave distortion to calculating, its power precision can reach ± and 1.0%.
(12), have comprehensive brake
Device has the rate of qualified voltage monitoring function, can carry out rate of qualified voltage calculating, supervision and writing function.
(13), record data, convenient inspection failure condition and acquisition statistics
Device has the FLASH storage chip, can write down each constantly electric current, voltage, power factor, active power, reactive power, the harmonic component of fixed point mutually in 40 days, each day data such as switching frequency, overvoltage number of times, under-voltage number of times, frequency of power cut.These data can remain in the chip for a long time after the device power down.
(14), easy for installationly flexibly can disperse to be installed in the position that power distribution network lacks reactive power, spread of voltage, have the distributivity characteristics.
Claims (3)
1, distributed comprehensive electric energy quality adjusting device is characterized in that it contains:
Measuring circuit, it is an electronic switch circuit of being made up of resistance and operational amplifier, its input passes through by 3 current transformers and 3 measurement loop and electrical network couplings that voltage transformer is formed;
Control loop, by single-chip microcomputer, address latch, sheet selects chip, RAM, ROM, NVSRAM and I/O extended chip are formed, wherein, the signal input part of described single-chip microcomputer links to each other with each measuring-signal output of described measuring circuit, each data of described single-chip microcomputer, the address signal output links to each other with each respective input of described address latch, each address logic signal output of described address latch respectively with above-mentioned each RAM, ROM, each Enable Pin of NVSRAM and I/O extended chip links to each other, each data of described single-chip microcomputer, the address signal output also selects each sheet selected control system signal input part of chip to link to each other with described, each corresponding output end that this sheet selects chip then respectively with above-mentioned ROM, RAM, the chip selection signal input of NVSRAM and I/O extended chip links to each other, and described NVSRAM is meant the Nonvolatile static random asccess memory;
Actuating circuit, the three-phase anti-parallel thyristor that two opto-coupler chips that linked to each other with the output of above-mentioned I/O extended chip respectively by input, two voltage zero-crossing detection circuits that constitute with resistance and diode parallel connection and three phase capacitance are switched usefulness constitutes, wherein the negative pole of diode links to each other with the output of above-mentioned two opto-coupler chips respectively in two voltage zero-crossing detection circuits, and is anodal then link to each other with the control end of three-phase anti-parallel thyristor respectively;
Major loop is made up of the grouping power capacitor.
2, distributed comprehensive electric energy quality adjusting device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described measuring circuit contains: with three current transformers of electrical network coupling and three voltage transformers, each input respectively with the negative feedback operational amplifier of above-mentioned each instrument transformer output through the resistance reversal connection, the negative feedback operational amplifier that another level conversion is used, current and voltage signals source of its input reversal connection, its output links to each other with the negative terminal of this operational amplifier through resistance.
3, distributed comprehensive electric energy quality adjusting device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, in described control circuit, single-chip microcomputer chip 80C196KB, address latch chip 74LS573, sheet selects chip GAL16V8D, ROM chip 27C256, RAM chip 62256, NVSRAM DS1230Y, I/O extended chip 82C55A; The AD0 of its chips 80C196KB～AD15 end respectively with the respective end interconnection of chip 74LS573, GAL16V8D, A0～A15 of chip 74LS573 links to each other with the respective end of chip 27C256,62256, DS1230Y and 82C55A respectively, and the CE end of chip GAL16V8D links to each other with 27C256,62256, DS1230Y and 82C55A respective end respectively.
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| CNB2004100045278A CN100347921C (en) | 2004-02-20 | 2004-02-20 | Distribution type integrated electric energy quality regulator |
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| CNB2004100045278A CN100347921C (en) | 2004-02-20 | 2004-02-20 | Distribution type integrated electric energy quality regulator |
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| CN100347921C true CN100347921C (en) | 2007-11-07 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2022180350A1 (en) * | 2021-02-24 | 2022-09-01 | Energy Facilities Uk Limited | Power factor correction system |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100373735C (en) * | 2005-09-13 | 2008-03-05 | 中国电力科学研究院 | Stationary reactive compensation monitoring platform with layered distribution type structure |
| US7872453B2 (en) | 2005-09-26 | 2011-01-18 | Ruitian Su | Customer intelligent reactive power automatic compensation energy-saved device |
| CN101728832B (en) * | 2008-10-20 | 2012-08-29 | 乐山晟嘉电气有限公司 | Method for low-voltage phase-splitting reactive compensation of metallurgical electric furnace |
| CN101820173B (en) * | 2010-04-15 | 2012-02-22 | 佛山市顺德区胜业电力能源技术有限公司 | Intelligent power capacitor synchronous fling-cut switch |
| CN106959394B (en) * | 2017-02-15 | 2019-11-22 | 清华大学 | A kind of high-voltage large-capacity STATCOM state evaluating method and system |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH11155236A (en) * | 1997-11-21 | 1999-06-08 | Hitachi Ltd | Method and system for compensating reactive power |
| CN2429948Y (en) * | 2000-07-01 | 2001-05-09 | 浙江大学 | Power supply monitoring controller |
| CN2744042Y (en) * | 2004-09-03 | 2005-11-30 | 清华大学 | Distributed integrated regulator for electric energy quantity |
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH11155236A (en) * | 1997-11-21 | 1999-06-08 | Hitachi Ltd | Method and system for compensating reactive power |
| CN2429948Y (en) * | 2000-07-01 | 2001-05-09 | 浙江大学 | Power supply monitoring controller |
| CN2744042Y (en) * | 2004-09-03 | 2005-11-30 | 清华大学 | Distributed integrated regulator for electric energy quantity |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2022180350A1 (en) * | 2021-02-24 | 2022-09-01 | Energy Facilities Uk Limited | Power factor correction system |
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