Summary of the invention
The present invention seeks to: propose a kind of novel planetary synchronous pulley driving mechanism with universal deceleration or reverse speedup transmission agency, it can adapt to two concurrent aceses or the deceleration between two alternating axiss or the speedup transmission of the disalignment angle of cut, even and between the transmission shaft crossed axis angle change do not influence the drive connection of two between centers yet.
Technological scheme of the present invention is:
As shown in Figure 1, the present invention is made of rotating shaft, pivoted arm, first coupling shaft, second coupling shaft, planet synchronous pulley, synchronous band, central synchronous belt wheel, planet carrier, central gear rotating shaft, center-wheel arbor bearing and bearing support.Shaft support rotates around axis a in bearing support; The central gear shaft support rotates around axis b in the center-wheel arbor bearing; The first coupling shaft axis is c, and parallel to the axis cylindric pair and the pivoted arm of a of axis c links; Planet carrier can rotate around axis b dead axle; The planet synchronous pulley is d by axis, and parallel to the axis rotary pair and the planet carrier of b of axis d is hinged, and connects with second coupling shaft with the direction sliding pair parallel with axis d; Central synchronous belt wheel and central gear rotating shaft coaxial line connect firmly; Second coupling shaft connects with first coupling shaft with rotary pair, and its axis is consistent with the common vertical line of axis c, d.The offset distance of the axis d of planet synchronous pulley and the axis b of planet carrier 8 equals the offset distance r of the first coupling shaft cylindric pair axis c and shaft axis a; Axis c, d equal axis a, the b staggered spacing h along its common vertical line S direction along the staggered spacing of its common vertical line direction, and axis c, the d crossed axis angle in the plane that with its common vertical line is normal should equate with axis a, b crossed axis angle 2 δ in the plane that with its common vertical line S is normal.
The velocity ratio (reduction speed ratio) that from rotating shaft to the central gear rotating shaft is the central synchronous belt wheel is: Z
1/ (Z
1-Z
2); Otherwise being the central synchronous belt wheel from the central gear rotating shaft to the velocity ratio (speed increasing ratio) of rotating shaft is: (Z
1-Z
2)/Z
1As seen, velocity ratio and offset distance r, crossed axis angle 2 δ and staggered spacing h are irrelevant.Therefore, the present invention is applicable to concurrent aces or alternating axis connection and the deceleration or the speedup transmission of the disalignment angle of cut.
When h ≠ 0, but slow down or the speedup motion between two alternating axiss of the passing shaft angle of cut 2 δ of mechanism ≠ 180 °;
When h=0, but the passing shaft angle of cut 2 δ of mechanism ≠ 180 ° two intersect that between centers slow down or the speedup motion.At this moment, as a kind of deformation of the present invention, also available ball pivot replaces the rotary pair that connects first coupling shaft and second coupling shaft, and its mechanism driving ratio characteristic is identical when connecting with the employing rotary pair.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
The present invention has broken through the limitation that existing retarder product can only be realized transmission conversion between two stationary axle, can adapt to two concurrent aceses or the deceleration between two alternating axiss or the reverse speedup transmission of the disalignment angle of cut, even and in the transmission between the input output rotating shaft crossed axis angle change do not influence the drive connection of two between centers yet.Adopt the new type speed reducer or the speed increaser product of mechanism principle of the present invention, needn't increase any intermediate propeller shaft, the direct two any concurrent aceses or the staggered spacing two any alternating axiss within the specific limits of between centers that change within the specific limits of the joining shaft angle of cut just, and do deceleration or speedup transmission.
Embodiment
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with Fig. 1.
See also shown in Figure 1ly, rotating shaft 1 is supported on bearing support 11, can rotate around axis a; Central gear rotating shaft 9 is supported on center-wheel arbor bearing 10, can be around axis b rotation, and the staggered state in the general desirable space arbitrarily of the relative position relation of axis a and b.If the common vertical line direction of a, b is S, then common available crossed axis angle 2 δ and staggered spacing h characterize the relative position relation of the two.Wherein, it is the angle of two staggered axis in the plane of normal that crossed axis angle 2 δ are illustrated in common vertical line S, and staggered spacing h represents along the beeline between common vertical line S direction two staggered axis.When h ≠ 0,2 δ ≠ 180 °, two alternating axiss are in the staggered state in general space; Work as h=0, during 2 δ ≠ 180 °, diaxon is in axis and meets at the intersection of a bit; Work as h=0, during 2 δ=90 °, the diaxon perpendicular quadrature.
Be fixedly connected with pivoted arm 2 in the rotating shaft 1, or be made into integral structure; First coupling shaft, 3 usefulness parallel axes connect with pivoted arm 2 in the cylindric pair (axis c) of axis a, and with respect to pivoted arm 2, it can move along axis c, can rotate around axis c again; Coaxial line is fixedly connected with central synchronous belt wheel 7 (tooth number Z 1) in the central gear rotating shaft 9, and planet carrier 8 can rotate around axis b dead axle; Planet synchronous pulley 5 (tooth number Z
2, axis d d//b) is supported on planet carrier 8 with rotary pair; Between second coupling shaft 4 and the planet synchronous pulley 5, constitute sliding pair along axis d direction and connect, such as, can make splined hole on the planet synchronous pulley 5, on second coupling shaft 4, make external splines, the two engages and promptly constitutes the spline pair connection of only making slide relative; Connect with rotary pair between first coupling shaft 3, second coupling shaft 4, its axis overlaps with the common vertical line of first coupling shaft, 3 cylindric pair axis c and planetary pinion axis d, and axis c, d should equal axis a, the b staggered spacing h along its common vertical line S direction along the staggered spacing of its common vertical line direction, axis c, the d crossed axis angle in the plane that with its common vertical line is normal should equate that axis d should equal the offset distance r of axis c with respect to axis a with respect to the offset distance of b with axis a, b crossed axis angle 2 δ in the plane that with its common vertical line S is normal.
The velocity ratio (reduction speed ratio) that from rotating shaft 1 to central gear rotating shaft 9 is central synchronous belt wheel 7 is: Z
1/ (Z
1-Z
2); Otherwise being central synchronous belt wheel 7 from planet carrier 8 to the velocity ratio (speed increasing ratio) of rotating shaft 1 is: (Z
1-Z
2)/Z
1Work as Z
1>Z
2The time, velocity ratio be on the occasion of, show the input turn to identical with output revolving shaft; Work as Z
1<Z
2The time, velocity ratio is a negative value, shows input and output revolving shaft switched in opposite.
In any case transmission ratio is all irrelevant with offset distance r, crossed axis angle 2 δ and staggered spacing h.Therefore, mechanism of the present invention is applicable to concurrent aces or alternating axis connection and the deceleration or the speedup transmission of the disalignment angle of cut.
When h ≠ 0, but slow down or the speedup motion between two alternating axiss of the passing shaft angle of cut 2 δ of mechanism ≠ 180 °;
When h=0, but the passing shaft angle of cut 2 δ of mechanism ≠ 180 ° two intersect that between centers slow down or the speedup motion.At this moment, as a kind of deformation of the present invention, available ball pivot replaces the rotary pair that connects first coupling shaft 3 and second coupling shaft 4, and the mechanism driving ratio characteristic is constant.
In order to improve mechanism's bearing capacity and power transmission harmony, can be between above-mentioned pivoted arm 2 and planet carrier 8, equal the circumference g of offset distance r to radius shown in the view along A among Fig. 1, several groups of uniform connections (such as, desirable 3-4 group) by above-mentioned first coupling shaft 3, second coupling shaft 4 and planet synchronous pulley 5, synchronously with the 6 identical transmission leverages that constitute, the transmission ratio relation is constant.Each the planet synchronous pulley that is distributed on the planet carrier 8 circumference g all is meshed with central synchronous belt wheel 7 by synchronous band.In order to reduce synchronous pulley radical and wheel bar axial dimension, 2-3 planet synchronous pulley can be with to link up with central synchronous belt wheel 7 with one simultaneously synchronously to be meshed, shown in Fig. 2 embodiment.
Embodiment
Transmission ratio sample calculation of the present invention is as follows:
(1) Z
1=20, Z
2=19, h=0 then obtains a kind of reduction speed ratio and is 20 the universal fewer differential teeth planetary synchronous pulley of concurrent aces retarder mechanism, can be used between the concurrent aces of crossed axis angle 2 δ ≠ 180 ° gearing down in the same way;
(2) Z
1=20, Z
2=21, h=0 then obtains a kind of reduction speed ratio and is-20 the universal fewer differential teeth planetary synchronous pulley of concurrent aces retarder mechanism, can be used between the concurrent aces of crossed axis angle 2 δ ≠ 180 ° oppositely gearing down;
(3) Z
1=2
0, Z
2=16, h=0 then obtains a kind of reduction speed ratio and is 5 concurrent aces universal planet synchronous pulley retarder or reverse speed booster driving mechanism, can be used for slowing down in the same way or the speedup transmission between the concurrent aces of crossed axis angle 2 δ ≠ 180 °;
(4) Z
1=20, Z
2=24, h=0 then obtains a kind of reduction speed ratio and is-5 concurrent aces universal planet synchronous pulley retarder or reverse speed booster driving mechanism, can be used for oppositely slowing down or the speedup transmission between the concurrent aces of crossed axis angle 2 δ ≠ 180 °;
(5) Z
1=20, Z
2=19, h=10mm then obtains a kind of reduction speed ratio and is 20 the universal fewer differential teeth planetary synchronous pulley of alternating axis retarder mechanism, can be used between two alternating axiss of staggered spacing h=10mm, crossed axis angle 2 δ ≠ 180 ° gearing down in the same way;
(6) Z
1=20, Z
2=21, h=10mm then obtains a kind of reduction speed ratio and is-20 the universal little tooth difference speed reducer of alternating axis mechanism, can be used between two alternating axiss of staggered spacing h=10mm, crossed axis angle 2 δ ≠ 180 ° oppositely gearing down;
(7) Z
1=20, Z
2=16, h=10mm then obtains a kind of reduction speed ratio and is 5 alternating axis universal planet synchronous pulley retarder or reverse speed booster driving mechanism, can be used for slowing down in the same way or the speedup transmission between two alternating axiss of staggered spacing h=10mm, crossed axis angle 2 δ ≠ 180 °;
(8) Z
1=20, Z
2=24, h=10mm then obtains a kind of reduction speed ratio and is-5 alternating axis universal planet synchronous pulley retarder or reverse speed booster driving mechanism, can be used for oppositely slowing down or the speedup transmission between two alternating axiss of staggered spacing h=10mm, crossed axis angle 2 δ ≠ 180 °.
Figure 2 shows that the example structure schematic representation of 4 groups of above-mentioned transmission leverages uniform.Among the figure 4 planet synchronous pulleys are divided into two groups of A, B: A (5,15) and B (13,14), respectively by being with 6 and 12 to be meshed synchronously with central synchronous belt wheel 7.