CN100340359C - Technique for manufacturing wearable pipe made from composite bimetal - Google Patents
Technique for manufacturing wearable pipe made from composite bimetal Download PDFInfo
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- CN100340359C CN100340359C CNB2005100962407A CN200510096240A CN100340359C CN 100340359 C CN100340359 C CN 100340359C CN B2005100962407 A CNB2005100962407 A CN B2005100962407A CN 200510096240 A CN200510096240 A CN 200510096240A CN 100340359 C CN100340359 C CN 100340359C
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a technique for manufacturing wearable tubes made from composite bimetal. An ordinary steel tube is used as an outer casing tube, an evanescent mold made of polystyrene foam is arranged in the outer casing tube, and the outer casing tube is provided with a pouring system. The outer casing tube, the evanescent mold and the pouring system are soaked in paint and hung with sand for many times, a shell body formed on an outer wall is put in a high-temperature roasting furnace for being roasted, and the sintering of the shell body, foamed plastic gasification and the preheating of the steel tube are realized. Wearable alloy materials are poured after the shell body is discharged from the furnace, and thus, a composite wearable tube having an outer layer made of ordinary steel and an inner lining made of the wearable alloy materials is formed. The manufacturing technique solves the problems that two metal layers of the composite tube having various shapes can not realize large-area metallurgy combination, so that a composite interface has high combining intensity, hot vibration resistance is high, partially and severely worn parts can be compounded in an eccentric and thickening way, and composite wearable tubes having thin walls can be produced.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the manufacturing process of the manufacturing process, particularly bimetal composite wear resistant tube of industry carrier pipes such as a kind of metallurgy, mine, electric power, oil, building, coal.
Background technology
At metallurgy, the mine, electric power, oil, building, in the industries such as coal, the conveying of material all is to carry by pipeline pressure, carrier pipe is subjected to bigger pressure and serious wearing and tearing, bring very large economic loss to relevant enterprise, the pipeline that homogenous material is made is owing to the mediation that can not obtain on wearability-solderability-various mechanical mechanics properties such as impact resistance, overall performance is poor, can't satisfy the practical application operating mode, must introduce modern composite theory and technology, carry out the material with different physical characteristics compound, just can embody the highest serviceability of various constituent elements, obtain the good duct products of combination property.At present all bimetal composite wear resistant tubes are because there are many deficiencies in the influence of forming technology: (1) centrifugal casting technique.This technology can only be produced straight tube, and double layer of metal can't realize metallurgical binding, even has a certain size slit, and inner liner easily comes off, and uses to have certain safety issue under condition of high ground stress; (2) the inner perfusion of two-layer steel bushing antifriction alloy technology.At first, this technology makes the alloy liquid latent heat of solidification deficiency of perfusion owing to there is inside and outside two-layer steel bushing heat absorption, is in no bonding state between antifriction alloy and inside and outside two-layer steel bushing; Secondly, there are many primary defectives in wear-resistant alloy layer, can't detect discovery at the scene again, in use causes to shift to an earlier date worn out leakage aggravating working environment and shortening maintain and replace cycle; Once more, have two-layer not wear-resisting common steel bushing, wall thickness and weight are bigger, increase user's equipment cost and spare part expense; (3) the mould suction pouring combination process that disappears merely.This technology can not prepare the overlength pipeline owing to the flowability affects of alloy liquid in cold mould, and general length is confined to about 1.5 meters; Secondly, realize the whole metallurgical binding between wear-resistant alloy layer and the steel pipe internal-surface, the necessary alloy layer thickness that guarantees so that enough crystallization latent heat to be provided, therefore can't be produced sheet-metal duct more than 50mm, cause weight bigger.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of manufacturing process of bimetal composite wear resistant tube, this manufacturing process can be produced the bimetal composite wear resistant tube of difformity specifications such as straight tube, bend pipe, threeway, solved the difficult problem that can't realize the large tracts of land metallurgical binding between the multiple tube double layer of metal, make compound interface bond strength height, shaking property of heat resistanceheat resistant is strong, can accomplish that to the part of serious wear off-centre is compound, thickening is compound, can also realize the production of thin-walled composite wear-resistant tube.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this, and its manufacturing process is carried out according to following steps:
A. make outer tube: pipe shape specification as required, make outer tube (3) with common steel tube, comprise with seamless steel pipe or have seam welded tube to make;
B. make disappearance mould and dress mould: be made into the disappearance mould (2) of internal lining pipe shape with polystyrene foam plastics, and in the outer tube of packing into (3);
C., running gate system is installed: go up the running gate system (1) that fixed installation is made of polystyrene foam plastics at disappearance mould (2);
D. prepare coating, dip-coating material: at first, preparation coating; By binding agent, refractory powder, surfactant and defoamer preparation coating; The weight ratio of binding agent and refractory powder is 1: 0.3～2,0.1%～0.5% of surfactant comprise weight of binder, and defoamer accounts for 0.04～0.06% of weight of binder;
The dip-coating material; The outer tube that fixes (3), disappearance mould (2) and running gate system (1) are immersed coating pond together, soak at the inner surface of the outer surface of outer tube (3), running gate system (1) and disappearance mould (2), running gate system (1) and enclose coating;
E. hang sand: will soak the outer tube of coating (3), disappearance mould (2) and running gate system (1) attached hangs up, at the inner surface spreading fine quartz sand of the outer surface of outer tube (3), running gate system (1) and disappearance mould (2), running gate system (1);
F. dip-coating material once more repeats above-mentioned steps d;
G. hang sand once more: sprinkle thick quartz sand at the inner surface of hanging the outer surface that soaks the outer tube of coating (3), running gate system (1) attached and disappearance mould (2), running gate system (1);
Step f and g, i.e. dip-coating material and hang the sand treatment step and can carry out multi-pass repeatedly, purpose is to form dope layer (4) on the inner surface wall of the outer surface of outer tube (3), running gate system (1) and disappearance mould (2), running gate system (1).
H. high-temperature roasting: above-mentioned parts integral body is put into the high-temperature roasting stove carry out roasting, at high temperature the coating in this dope layer (4) becomes hard ceramic shell (5) with sand fritting; And make the gasification of disappearance mould (2) polystyrene foam plastics, make outer tube (3) preheating; 800～1200 ℃ of sintering temperatures, roasting time 1～3 hour;
I. cast: melted wear resistant alloy material is cast in the ceramic shell (5) by running gate system (1), forms internal lining pipe (6);
J. make product: the cooling back is removed outer ceramic shell (5) and is cleared up, and promptly making outer tube (3) is that common steel tube, internal lining pipe (6) are the bimetal composite wear resistant tube products of wear resistant alloy material.
The technical scheme of foregoing invention also comprises: the used common steel tube of outer tube (3) is to adopt the nothing of A3 steel, 16Mn steel, Q235 or other ordinary carbon steel to meet pipe or have to meet welded tube to make.The wear resistant alloy material that internal lining pipe (6) adopts is meant rich chromium cast iron, ni-hard cast iron or other white cast-iron.
The used binding agent of technique scheme is meant waterglass, Ludox or silester; Used refractory powder is meant silica flour, mullite powder, aluminium vanadine powder, schmigel or zirconium English powder; Used surfactant is meant the various ethylene oxide adducts of polyoxyethylated alkyl alcohol, polyethenoxy alkylphenols or other polyethylene glycol type; Used defoamer is meant organic siliconresin, n-octyl alcohol, n-amyl alcohol, isopropyl alcohol or butyl glycol ether phosphate.
In the technique scheme, the granularity of used refractory powder is 0.02～0.06mm.The granularity of used fine quartz sand is 0.1～0.2mm.The granularity of used thick quartz sand is 0.2～0.4mm.
Use the present invention can manufacture out the bimetal composite wear resistant tube of straight tube, bend pipe, threeway and other special piece.
The present invention compared with prior art has the following advantages:
1, high-temperature roasting technology of the present invention gasifies polystyrene foam plastics in advance, therefore can not produce a large amount of pores, slag inclusion phenomenon, has avoided the primary defective of inner liner abrasive resistant alloy-layer.
2, because in whole casting process, outer tube and shell mould have realized preheating when shell mould is strengthened in roasting, therefore guaranteed not only that the long distance of alloy liquid is mobile, and the latent heat of solidification that makes alloy liquid is enough to provide the interface to realize the energy of metallurgical binding, can produce the overlength of whole metallurgical binding, ultra-thin bimetal compound pipeline product, and carry out compound, the local thickening of off-centre at the serious position of pipe wear compound.
3, the present invention is not subjected to the shape and size specification limits of product, can produce straight tube, bend pipe, threeway and other special piece.
Description of drawings
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples the present invention is described in further detail, but the present invention is not limited to following examples:
Fig. 1 is the bend pipe structure schematic diagram before the roasting.
Fig. 2 is the bend pipe structure schematic diagram after the roasting.
Fig. 3 is the bimetal composite wear resistant tube structural representation.
Fig. 4 is a bimetal composite wear resistant three-way pipe schematic diagram.
Fig. 5 is a manufacturing process flow diagram of the present invention.
The specific embodiment
Adopt technology of the present invention can manufacture out the bimetal composite wear resistant tube of straight tube, bend pipe, threeway and other special piece.
With reference to technological process Fig. 5.Above-mentioned all kinds of bimetal composite wear resistant tube manufacturing process, carry out according to following steps:
A. make outer tube: pipe shape as required and specification are made outer tube 3, and the material of making outer tube 3 is a common steel tube, comprise that the nothing of A3 steel, 16Mn steel, Q235 or other ordinary carbon steel is met pipe or met welded tube.
B. make disappearance mould and dress mould:, be made into the disappearance mould 2 of internal lining pipe shape with polystyrene foam plastics according to the shape and the wall thickness of required internal lining pipe 6; The outside dimension of this disappearance mould 2 is identical with the internal diameter size and the shape of shape and outer tube 3, and its internal diameter size and shape are determined as required, can be made into the wall thickness uniform shape, also can be made into partial eccentricity shape, the different disappearance mould 2 of thickness; The disappearance mould of having made 2 is close to is installed in outer tube 3 internal faces.With reference to Fig. 1.
C., running gate system is installed: make running gate system 1 with polystyrene foam plastics, and be fixed and be installed on disappearance mould 2 tops.With reference to Fig. 1.
D. prepare coating and dip-coating material: at first, with binding agent, refractory powder, surfactant and defoamer preparation coating; Ratio between each batching is that the weight ratio of binding agent and refractory powder is 1: 0.3～2,0.1%～0.5% of surfactant comprise weight of binder, and defoamer accounts for 0.04～0.06% of weight of binder.
The used binding agent of above-mentioned batching can be selected any in waterglass, Ludox or the silester for use; Refractory powder can be selected any in silica flour, mullite powder, aluminium vanadine powder, schmigel or the zirconium English powder for use; Surfactant can be selected any in the various ethylene oxide adducts of polyoxyethylated alkyl alcohol, polyethenoxy alkylphenols or other polyethylene glycol type for use; Defoamer can be selected any in organic siliconresin, n-octyl alcohol, n-amyl alcohol, isopropyl alcohol or the butyl glycol ether phosphate for use.The granularity of refractory powder is generally 0.02～0.06mm.
Secondly, the coating for preparing is placed in the coating pond.
Once more, dip-coating material; The whole coating ponds that immerse of the outer tube 3 that is fixed with disappearance mould 2, running gate system 1, the inner surface of the outer surface of this outer tube 3, running gate system 1 and disappearance mould 2, running gate system 1 is all soaked with the coating for preparing.
E. hang sand: the above-mentioned parts that soaked coating attached are hung up, and the spreading granularity is the fine quartz sand of 0.1～0.2mm on the inner surface of the outer surface of outer tube 3, running gate system 1 and disappearance mould 2, running gate system 1.With reference to Fig. 1.
F. dip-coating material once more repeats above-mentioned steps d.Promptly once more the outer tube 3 that is fixed with disappearance mould 2 and running gate system 1, the whole coating pond that immerses all soaks once more with the coating for preparing the inner surface of the outer surface of this outer tube 3, running gate system 1 and disappearance mould 2, running gate system 1.
G. hang sand once more: sprinkling the spreading granularity at the inner surface of hanging the outer surface that soaks the outer tube 3 of coating, running gate system 1 attached and disappearance mould 2, running gate system 1 is the thick quartz sand of 0.2～0.4mm.With reference to Fig. 1.
Step f and g, i.e. dip-coating material and hang the sand processing technique step and can carry out multi-pass repeatedly, purpose is to form housing on the inner surface wall of the outer surface of outer tube 3, running gate system 1 and disappearance mould 2, running gate system 1, promptly forms dope layer 4.The thickness of dope layer is generally 1～5mm.With reference to Fig. 1.
H. high-temperature roasting: above-mentioned parts integral body is put into the high-temperature roasting stove carry out roasting, at high temperature coating and the sand fritting in this dope layer 4 forms hard ceramic shell 5, and disappearance mould 2 used polystyrene foam plastics are gasified, and makes outer tube 3 preheatings; Sintering temperature generally is controlled at 800～1200 ℃, and roasting time was generally 1～3 hour.With reference to Fig. 2.
I. alloy melting and cast: at first, selected wear resistant alloy material is carried out melting; Secondly, melted wear resistant alloy material is cast in the ceramic shell 5 by running gate system 1, forms internal lining pipe 6.Wear resistant alloy material can be selected any in rich chromium cast iron, ni-hard cast iron or other white cast-iron for use.
J. make product: after the cooling, removal ceramic shell 5 is also cleared up naturally, and promptly making outer tube 3 is that common steel tube, internal lining pipe 6 are bimetal composite wear resistant tube products of wear resistant alloy material.With reference to Fig. 3.
In the above-mentioned processing step, make steps such as disappearance mould, preparation coating, alloy melting and can carry out synchronously with other main processing step (promptly make outer tube, adorn mould, high-temperature roasting).Referring to Fig. 5.
Embodiment 1: make the bimetallic composite-curve, shown in technological process Fig. 5 and Fig. 1,2,3.
With reference to technological process Fig. 5.Manufacturing process of the present invention is carried out according to following steps:
A, be that the A3 steel seamless straight tube fire bending of Φ 133mm is bent into outer tube 3 with internal diameter, radius of curvature is 600mm, and central angle is 90 degree.
B, the polystyrene foam plastics piece is cut out the disappearance mould 2 of internal lining pipe shape with heating wire, the external diameter of this disappearance mould 2 equates with the internal diameter of outer tube 3, and thickness 8mm, radius of curvature and central angle equate with outer tube 3.With reference to Fig. 1.
C, the polystyrene foam plastics piece is cut out the shape of running gate system with heating wire, and be fixed on the liner disappearance mould 2 with the white glue with vinyl bonding.With reference to Fig. 1.
D, preparation coating, and the coating pond of packing into: formulation for coating material is as follows: waterglass is made binding agent, 0.04 the silica flour of～0.06mm granularity is made refractory powder, the weight ratio of waterglass and silica flour is 1: 0.5, add the polyoxyethylated alkyl alcohol that accounts for waterglass weight 0.3% and make activating agent, 0.05% organic siliconresin is made defoamer.
Dip-coating material: ready outer tube 3, disappearance mould 2 and running gate system 1 are immersed coating pond.
E, from coating pond, hang out outer tube 3, disappearance mould 2 and running gate system 1, sprinkle the fine quartz sand that granularity is 0.1～0.2mm, on the inner surface of the outer surface of outer tube 3, running gate system 1 and disappearance mould 2, running gate system 1, form dope layer 4.With reference to Fig. 1.
F, repeating step d.
G, sprinkle the thick quartz sand that granularity is 0.2～0.4mm, form thicker dope layer 4.With reference to Fig. 1.
H, put into the high-temperature roasting kiln roasting, temperature is 850 ℃, and temperature retention time 2 hours makes coating and sand in the dope layer 4 be fired into ceramic shell 5.With reference to Fig. 2.
I, the back of coming out of the stove pour into melted high-chromium cast iron alloy liquid from running gate system 1.
Embodiment 2: make the bimetal composite wear resistant three-way pipe, shown in technological process Fig. 5 and Fig. 1,2,4.
With reference to technological process Fig. 5.Manufacturing process of the present invention is carried out according to following steps:
A, be that threeway outer tube 3 is made in the 16Mn steel seamless straight tube welding of Φ 219mm with internal diameter.
B, the polystyrene foam plastics piece cut out the disappearance mould 2 of internal lining pipe shape with heating wire, the external diameter of disappearance mould 2 equates with the internal diameter of outer tube, thickness 12mm, and each several part length equates with the threeway outer tube, can adopt the method for filling up, make liner disappearance mould seamless at the three-way interface place.
C, the polystyrene foam plastics piece is cut out the shape of running gate system with heating wire, and be fixed on the liner disappearance mould 2 with white glue with vinyl bonding 1.
D, preparation coating, and the coating pond of packing into.Formulation for coating material is as follows: silester is made binding agent, 0.02-0.04mm the schmigel of granularity is made refractory powder, the weight ratio of silester and schmigel is 1: 0.7, adds the polyethenoxy alkylphenols that accounts for waterglass weight 0.4% and makes activating agent, and 0.04% n-octyl alcohol is made defoamer.
Dip-coating material: ready outer tube 3, disappearance mould 2 and running gate system 1 are immersed coating pond.
E, from coating pond, hang out outer tube 3, disappearance mould 2 and running gate system 1, sprinkle the fine quartz sand that granularity is 0.1～0.2mm; On the inner surface of the outer surface of outer tube 3, running gate system 1 and disappearance mould 2, running gate system 1, form dope layer 4.With reference to Fig. 1.
F, repeating step d;
G, sprinkle the thick quartz sand that granularity is 0.2～0.4mm; Form thicker dope layer 4.
H, put into the high-temperature roasting kiln roasting, temperature is 1000 ℃, and temperature retention time 1.5 hours makes coating and sand in the dope layer 4 be fired into ceramic shell 5.With reference to Fig. 2.
I, the back of coming out of the stove pour into melted high-chromium cast iron alloy liquid from running gate system.
Claims (8)
1, a kind of manufacturing process of bimetal composite wear resistant tube is characterized in that: this manufacturing process is carried out according to following steps:
A. make outer tube (3) with common steel tube;
B. be made into the disappearance mould (2) of internal lining pipe shape with polystyrene foam plastics, and in the outer tube of packing into (3);
C. go up the running gate system (1) that fixed installation is made of polystyrene foam plastics at disappearance mould (2);
D. outer tube (3), disappearance mould (2) and running gate system (1) are immersed coating pond together, soak at the inner surface of the outer surface of outer tube (3), running gate system (1) and disappearance mould (2), running gate system (1) and enclose coating; This coating is formulated by binding agent, refractory powder, surfactant and defoamer, the weight ratio of binding agent and refractory powder is 1: 0.3～2,0.1%～0.5% of surfactant comprise weight of binder, defoamer account for 0.04～0.06% of weight of binder;
E. will soak the outer tube of coating (3), disappearance mould (2) and running gate system (1) attached hangs up, fine quartz sand on the inner surface spreading of the outer surface of outer tube (3), running gate system (1) and disappearance mould (2), running gate system (1);
F. dip-coating material once more repeats above-mentioned steps d;
G. thick quartz sand on the inner surface spreading of hanging the outer surface that soaks the outer tube of coating (3), running gate system (1) attached and disappearance mould (2), running gate system (1) forms dope layer (4);
H. integral body is put into the high-temperature roasting stove and carried out roasting, at high temperature the coating in this dope layer (4) becomes hard ceramic shell (5) with sand fritting; The polystyrene foam plastics gasification that disappearance mould (2) is used; 800～1200 ℃ of sintering temperatures, roasting time 1～3 hour;
I. melted wear resistant alloy material is cast in the ceramic shell (5) by running gate system (1), forms internal lining pipe (6);
J. after the cooling, removal ceramic shell (5) is also cleared up, and promptly making outer tube (3) is that common steel tube, internal lining pipe (6) are the bimetal composite wear resistant tube products of wear resistant alloy material.
2, the manufacturing process of composite wear-resistant tube according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the used common steel tube of outer tube (3) is meant with the seamless pipe of A3 steel, 16Mn steel, Q235 or other ordinary carbon steel or has seam welded tube to make.
3, the manufacturing process of composite wear-resistant tube according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the wear resistant alloy material that internal lining pipe (6) is selected for use is meant rich chromium cast iron, ni-hard cast iron or other white cast-iron.
4, the manufacturing process of composite wear-resistant tube according to claim 1 is characterized in that: used binding agent is meant waterglass, Ludox or silester; Used refractory powder is meant silica flour, mullite powder, aluminium vanadine powder, schmigel or zirconium English powder; Used surfactant is meant the various ethylene oxide adducts of polyoxyethylated alkyl alcohol, polyethenoxy alkylphenols or other polyethylene glycol type; Used defoamer is meant organic siliconresin, n-octyl alcohol, n-amyl alcohol, isopropyl alcohol or butyl glycol ether phosphate.
5, according to the manufacturing process of claim 1 or 4 described composite wear-resistant tubes, it is characterized in that: the granularity of used refractory powder is 0.02～0.06mm.
6, the manufacturing process of composite wear-resistant tube according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the granularity of used fine quartz sand is 0.1～0.2mm.
7, the manufacturing process of composite wear-resistant tube according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the granularity of used thick quartz sand is 0.2～0.4mm.
8, the manufacturing process of composite wear-resistant tube according to claim 1 is characterized in that: use this technology can make the bimetal composite wear resistant tube of straight tube, bend pipe, threeway and other special piece.
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| CNB2005100962407A CN100340359C (en) | 2005-10-27 | 2005-10-27 | Technique for manufacturing wearable pipe made from composite bimetal |
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