CH687763A5 - Process for composting and wet digestion of organic Reststoffen. - Google Patents
Process for composting and wet digestion of organic Reststoffen. Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CH687763A5 CH687763A5 CH01267/93A CH126793A CH687763A5 CH 687763 A5 CH687763 A5 CH 687763A5 CH 01267/93 A CH01267/93 A CH 01267/93A CH 126793 A CH126793 A CH 126793A CH 687763 A5 CH687763 A5 CH 687763A5
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- CH
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- Prior art keywords
- reactor
- composting
- organic
- solid
- anaerobic filter
- Prior art date
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F3/00—Fertilisers from human or animal excrements, e.g. manure
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/50—Treatments combining two or more different biological or biochemical treatments, e.g. anaerobic and aerobic treatment or vermicomposting and aerobic treatment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/90—Apparatus therefor
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/90—Apparatus therefor
- C05F17/989—Flow sheets for biological or biochemical treatment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F9/00—Fertilisers from household or town refuse
- C05F9/02—Apparatus for the manufacture
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/20—Fertilizers of biological origin, e.g. guano or fertilizers made from animal corpses
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/141—Feedstock
- Y02P20/145—Feedstock the feedstock being materials of biological origin
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
Description
1 1
CH 687 763 A5 CH 687 763 A5
2 2nd
Beschreibung description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Herstellung eines bioaktiven Substrates (Frischkompost) und Biogas aus mikrobiologisch zersetzbaren organischen Reststoffen jeglicher Herkunft. Erfindungs-gemäss kennzeichnet sich das Verfahren durch folgende Behandlungsschritte: The invention relates to a method for producing a bioactive substrate (fresh compost) and biogas from microbiologically decomposable organic residues of any origin. According to the invention, the method is characterized by the following treatment steps:
a) In einem ersten Behandlungsschritt wird ein zu hoher Feuchtigkeitsanteil in den Reststoffen in einem Behälter (Feststoffreaktor) mit liegend angeordneten Schneckenpressen und einer Siebeinrichtung entwässert; a) In a first treatment step, an excessively high proportion of moisture in the residues is dewatered in a container (solid reactor) with screw presses arranged horizontally and a sieving device;
b) Anschliessend wird im gleichen Behälter das entfeuchtete Substrat durch innige Vermischung mit Luft aerob zu einem bioaktiven Substrat umgesetzt (kompostiert) und nach 36 bis 72 Stunden Behandlungsdauer wieder entleert; b) Then, in the same container, the dehumidified substrate is aerobically converted to a bioactive substrate by intimate mixing with air, and emptied again after 36 to 72 hours of treatment;
c) Die organisch gelösten bzw. suspendierten Anteile im Presswasser werden in einem luftdicht geschlossenen Behälter mit immobilisierten Mikroorganismen (Anaerobfilter) in Biogas umgesetzt; c) The organically dissolved or suspended parts in the press water are converted into biogas in an airtight container with immobilized microorganisms (anaerobic filter);
d) Strukturhaltiges Material wie Sträucherschnitt, Rinde, Holzspäne etc. werden mit dem bioaktiven Substrat (Frischkompost) aus der Kompostierung vermischt und in einer Nachverrottung auf der Miete ohne Umsetzen während 2 bis 3 Wochen zu einem hochwertigen Torfersatz oder Düngerkompost umgewandelt. d) Structure-containing material such as shrub clippings, bark, wood shavings etc. are mixed with the bioactive substrate (fresh compost) from the composting and converted into a high-quality peat substitute or fertilizer compost in a rotting process on the rent without conversion for 2 to 3 weeks.
Durch die getrennte Aufbereitung der biogenen Reststoffe in einer Kompostierung (aeroben Umsetzung) der eher feststoffhaltigen Fraktion und in einer Vergärung (anaeroben Umsetzung) der gelösten und suspendierten Fraktion lassen sich die Prozesse besser kontrollieren und es werden bedeutend geringere Reaktorvolumina benötigt. Durch die geschlossenen Reaktoren treten keine Emissionen auf. By separately processing the biogenic residues in a composting (aerobic conversion) of the fraction that contains more solids and in a fermentation (anaerobic conversion) of the dissolved and suspended fraction, the processes can be better controlled and significantly smaller reactor volumes are required. No emissions occur due to the closed reactors.
Die Umsetzungen bei der Kompostierung und Nassvergärung laufen bei diesem Verfahren vergleichsweise schneller ab und es lassen sich qualitativ hochwertige Endprodukte herstellen. The composting and wet fermentation processes are comparatively faster with this process and high-quality end products can be produced.
Bei bekannten, gattungsmässigen Verfahren werden Abfallstoffe zerkleinert, in einen liegenden oder stehenden Behälter gefüllt und unter Umwälzung und Erwärmung bei anaeroben Bedingungen mikrobiologisch zu Biogas umgewandelt (kontinuierliche, einstufige Verfahren). Diese Verfahren weisen gegenüber dem erfindungsgemässen Verfahren zahlreiche Nachteile auf: In known, generic processes, waste materials are crushed, placed in a lying or standing container and, with circulation and heating under anaerobic conditions, converted microbiologically to biogas (continuous, one-step process). These methods have numerous disadvantages compared to the method according to the invention:
- Das aktive Reaktorvolumen wird bei der anaeroben Umsetzung durch inerte Anteile (Holz, Lignin) verkleinert; - The active reactor volume is reduced in the anaerobic reaction by inert portions (wood, lignin);
- Die Prozessführung (Durchmischung, Erwärmung) bei der anaeroben Umsetzung wird durch den unterschiedlichen Feuchtigkeitsgehalt der angelieferten Reststoffe erschwert; - The process control (mixing, heating) in the anaerobic reaction is complicated by the different moisture content of the delivered residues;
- Die nicht umgesetzten Reststoffe müssen nach der anaeroben Umsetzung in den meisten Fällen noch aerob nachverrottet werden. - In most cases, the unreacted residues still have to be rotten aerobically after the anaerobic conversion.
Beispiel eines Versuches: Example of an attempt:
Mit dem beschriebenen Verfahren war es möglich, 2 Tonnen wasserhaltige organische Reststoffe aus Haushaltungen (Rüstabfälle, Speisereste) innert 52 Stunden zu einem biologisch noch aktiven Kompost (Frischkompost) umzuwandeln. Durch die intensive Durchmischung und den Lufteintrag wurde eine Temperatur im Feststoffreaktor von 72"C erreicht. Die während der Umsetzung anfallende organische Substanz im Presswasser betrug ca. 23% der ursprünglichen Einwaage (ca. 460 kg). Durch die Vergärung mit einem Anaerobfilter bildete sich aus dieser organischen Substanz ca. 210 m3 Biogas mit einem Methangehalt von 65 Vol.%. With the described method, it was possible to convert 2 tons of water-containing organic residues from households (scraps, food waste) into a biologically active compost (fresh compost) within 52 hours. As a result of intensive mixing and the introduction of air, a temperature in the solids reactor of 72 ° C. was reached. The organic substance obtained in the press water during the reaction was approx. 23% of the original weight (approx. 460 kg). Fermentation with an anaerobic filter formed from this organic substance approx. 210 m3 biogas with a methane content of 65 vol.%.
Der aktive Kompost (Frischkompost) wurde anschliessend mit gehäckseltem Strukturmaterial (Rinde, Strauchschnitt) gemischt (ca. 1:1) und während drei Wochen auf einer Miete ohne Umsetzung liegen gelassen. Nach dieser Zeit wies der Kompost einen erdigen Geruch auf und war intensiv mit einer Pilzkultur belegt. The active compost (fresh compost) was then mixed (approx. 1: 1) with chopped structural material (bark, shrub clippings) and left on a lease without conversion for three weeks. After this time, the compost had an earthy smell and was intensively covered with a mushroom culture.
Die Grenzwerte gemäss den Richtlinien für die Kompostgrundqualität wurden eingehalten. The limit values according to the guidelines for basic compost quality have been observed.
Claims (8)
Priority Applications (17)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CH01267/93A CH687763A5 (en) | 1993-04-22 | 1993-04-22 | Process for composting and wet digestion of organic Reststoffen. |
US08/545,654 US5782950A (en) | 1993-04-22 | 1994-04-19 | Device and process for composting and wet fermentation of biological waste |
ES94913008T ES2102853T3 (en) | 1993-04-22 | 1994-04-19 | PROCEDURE AND DEVICE FOR COMPOSTATION AND FERMENTATION IN WET OF BIOLOGICAL WASTE. |
AU65336/94A AU6533694A (en) | 1993-04-22 | 1994-04-19 | Device and method for the composting and wet-fermentation of biological waste |
DE4492242T DE4492242D2 (en) | 1993-04-22 | 1994-04-19 | Process and device for the composting and wet fermentation of biological waste |
KR1019950704614A KR100276471B1 (en) | 1993-04-22 | 1994-04-19 | Method and apparatus for composting and wet-fermentation of biological waste |
DK94913008T DK0698005T3 (en) | 1993-04-22 | 1994-04-19 | Process and device for composting and wet fermentation of biological waste |
JP52262894A JP3340437B2 (en) | 1993-04-22 | 1994-04-19 | Method and apparatus for converting biological waste into fertilizer and wet fermentation |
PCT/DE1994/000440 WO1994024071A1 (en) | 1993-04-22 | 1994-04-19 | Device and method for the composting and wet-fermentation of biological waste |
AT94913008T ATE151065T1 (en) | 1993-04-22 | 1994-04-19 | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR COMPOSTING AND WET FERMENTATION OF BIOLOGICAL WASTE |
CA 2161005 CA2161005A1 (en) | 1993-04-22 | 1994-04-19 | Device and process for composting and wet fermentation of biological waste |
EP19940913008 EP0698005B1 (en) | 1993-04-22 | 1994-04-19 | Device and method for the composting and wet-fermentation of biological waste |
CN94191804A CN1121343A (en) | 1993-04-22 | 1994-04-19 | Device and method for the composting and wet-fermentation of biological waste |
DE59402313T DE59402313D1 (en) | 1993-04-22 | 1994-04-19 | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR COMPOSTING AND WET FERMENTATION OF BIOLOGICAL WASTE |
FI954904A FI954904A (en) | 1993-04-22 | 1995-10-16 | Method and apparatus for composting and wet fermentation of biological waste |
NO954120A NO307083B1 (en) | 1993-04-22 | 1995-10-17 | Method and apparatus for the treatment of bioresides |
GR970401594T GR3023946T3 (en) | 1993-04-22 | 1997-06-30 | Device and method for the composting and wet-fermentation of biological waste |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CH01267/93A CH687763A5 (en) | 1993-04-22 | 1993-04-22 | Process for composting and wet digestion of organic Reststoffen. |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CH687763A5 true CH687763A5 (en) | 1997-02-14 |
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Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CH01267/93A CH687763A5 (en) | 1993-04-22 | 1993-04-22 | Process for composting and wet digestion of organic Reststoffen. |
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Country | Link |
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CH (1) | CH687763A5 (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN112474711A (en) * | 2020-11-02 | 2021-03-12 | 蓝德环保科技集团股份有限公司 | Kitchen waste treatment system |
-
1993
- 1993-04-22 CH CH01267/93A patent/CH687763A5/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN112474711A (en) * | 2020-11-02 | 2021-03-12 | 蓝德环保科技集团股份有限公司 | Kitchen waste treatment system |
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