CH681370A5 - Solid lubricant coating prodn. for reducing friction between soft parts - by applying nickel@-phosphorus@ layer and gold@ layer and then heat treating - Google Patents

Solid lubricant coating prodn. for reducing friction between soft parts - by applying nickel@-phosphorus@ layer and gold@ layer and then heat treating Download PDF

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Publication number
CH681370A5
CH681370A5 CH4070/90A CH407090A CH681370A5 CH 681370 A5 CH681370 A5 CH 681370A5 CH 4070/90 A CH4070/90 A CH 4070/90A CH 407090 A CH407090 A CH 407090A CH 681370 A5 CH681370 A5 CH 681370A5
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CH
Switzerland
Prior art keywords
layer
gold
pref
coated
solid lubricant
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CH4070/90A
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French (fr)
Inventor
Michel Maillat
Marc-Andre Miche
Rene Estoppey
Original Assignee
Estoppey Reber S A
Get Groupement D Etudes Tech
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Application filed by Estoppey Reber S A, Get Groupement D Etudes Tech filed Critical Estoppey Reber S A
Priority to CH4070/90A priority Critical patent/CH681370A5/en
Publication of CH681370A5 publication Critical patent/CH681370A5/en

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Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H55/00Elements with teeth or friction surfaces for conveying motion; Worms, pulleys or sheaves for gearing mechanisms
    • F16H55/02Toothed members; Worms
    • F16H55/06Use of materials; Use of treatments of toothed members or worms to affect their intrinsic material properties
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23CCOATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C26/00Coating not provided for in groups C23C2/00 - C23C24/00
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23CCOATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C28/00Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
    • C23C28/02Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D only coatings only including layers of metallic material
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16CSHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/02Parts of sliding-contact bearings
    • F16C33/04Brasses; Bushes; Linings
    • F16C33/06Sliding surface mainly made of metal
    • F16C33/12Structural composition; Use of special materials or surface treatments, e.g. for rust-proofing
    • GPHYSICS
    • G04HOROLOGY
    • G04BMECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B13/00Gearwork
    • G04B13/02Wheels; Pinions; Spindles; Pivots
    • GPHYSICS
    • G04HOROLOGY
    • G04BMECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B31/00Bearings; Point suspensions or counter-point suspensions; Pivot bearings; Single parts therefor
    • G04B31/08Lubrication

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Gears, Cams (AREA)
  • Other Surface Treatments For Metallic Materials (AREA)

Abstract

The lubricating composn. is formed on a micro-mechanical part made of a first material, which is to be contacted by a part made of a second material, by coating the first material part with a Ni-P cpd. layer and then a thinner Au-based layer, followed by heat treating the coated part. A coated part, made by the process, is also claimed. The coating is pref. applied by chemical plating onto a part made e.g. of soft or hardened Cu-Be alloy or brass. The Ni-P layer is pref. 2-8 microns thick and may contain 6-12% P, while the Au-based layer is pref. 0.1-0.8 microns thick. The heat treatment may be carried out before applying the Au-based layer and pref. comprises heating at 200-600 deg.C for 1-6 hrs. USE/ADVANTAGE - The solid lubricant compsn. is used esp. for reducing friction and wear between a relatively soft part, e.g. a copper alloy gear wheel, and a relatively hard part, e.g. a steel pinion. It is easily applied onto small, relatively soft parts.

Description

       

  
 



  La présente invention se rapporte à un procédé de réalisation d'une composition lubrifiante solide destinée à diminuer le frottement et l'usure d'une première pièce, notamment en un matériau relativement  tendre, telle une roue d'engrenage en un alliage de cuivre, contre une deuxième pièce, notamment en un matériau relativement dur, tel un pignon en acier et d'autre part, une pièce revêtue d'une telle composition. 



  Les alliages de cuivre, tels que cuivre-béryllium et laiton, sont souvent utilisés en raison de la facilité de leur usinage pour la réalisation des roues dentées intervenant dans des engrenages miniatures, ou micromécaniques; l'autre élément de l'engrenage, de petite dimension, étant le plus souvent en un matériau dur, tel l'acier. En l'absence de toute lubrification, les frottements, entre la roue dentée et le pignon, sont élevés et l'usure de la roue dentée est passablement rapide. Ce problème n'est pas résolu en revêtant la roue dentée d'une couche d'or ou d'une couche de passivation (oxydation de la surface de l'alliage), comme cela est parfois utilisé. L'usure de la roue dentée peut être diminuée en recourant à des lubrifiants liquides, tels ceux utilisés en horlogerie.

  Cependant de tels lubrifiants liquides ont d'une part, une faible durée d'efficacité et introduisent d'autre part, du fait de leur viscosité et des effets capillaires, des forces parasites qui peuvent être importantes lorsque les forces mises en jeu sont faibles. 



  On connaît, par ailleurs, divers moyens de réaliser des  couches lubrifiantes solides mais celles-ci sont, dans le cas des petits engrenages, difficiles voire impossibles à utiliser. Les tolérances de fabrication, par exemple, imposent une épaisseur de deux à trois microns de la couche lubrifiante. Cela exclut donc les vernis de glissement qui ne peuvent être déposés en couches suffisament minces. Les dépôts de couche en phase vapeur (chemical vapour deposition) sont réalisés à température trop élevée et, de plus, nécessitent une opération de polissage après dépôt qui se révèle impraticable sur des roues dentées de faible dimension. Les traitements par pulvérisation cathodique ont le désavantage d'être directifs et il est alors nécessaire de disposer d'un appareillage qui assure la rotation des pièces pendant le traitement.

  Ces deux dernières méthodes mentionnées ne sont pas économiquement utilisables pour des fabrications en quantité. Les traitements de type électrochimique ne sont pas davantage envisageables car ils ne permettent pas d'obtenir les qualités de surface requises et, de plus, on ne connaît pas de couche lubrifiante réalisable à l'aide de cette technique. 



  Aussi un objet de la présente invention est une composition lubrifiante solide capable d'être déposée sur des petites pièces et ne présentant pas les inconvénients mentionnés ci-dessus. 



  Un autre objet de l'invention est une composition lubrifiante solide capable d'être déposée sur une pièce en métal relativement doux devant être en contact avec une pièce en métal relativement dur. 



  Un autre objet de l'invention est un procédé permettant de réaliser une composition lubrifiante solide sur une pièce micromécanique. 



  L'invention est définie dans les revendications. 



  Selon une autre forme particulière de réalisation de l'invention, le traitement thermique est effectué après le dépôt  de ladite première couche et avant le dépot de ladite deuxième couche. 



  Selon une autre forme particulière de réalisation de l'invention, le dépôt de ladite première couche est effectué par voie chimique. 



  Les pièces en un matériau relativement doux, tel les alliages de cuivre, revêtues selon les caractéristiques de l'invention offrent, lorsqu'elles sont utilisées avec une pièce en un matériau relativement dur, tel l'acier, un coefficient de frottement très faible et une usure inférieure de plusieurs ordres de grandeur à celle des pièces non revêtues. 



  D'autres objets, caractéristiques et avantages de la présente invention apparaîtront à la description suivante d'exemples de réalisation particuliers; ladite description étant faite à titre purement illustratif. 



  Le procédé de l'invention a été appliqué sur trois pièces identiques dont les matériaux étaient les suivants: alliage cuivre-béryllium mou, alliage cuivre-béryllium durci et laiton. 



  La couche de nickel-phosphore, d'une épaisseur d'environ deux à huit microns, a été déposée par voie chimique selon un procédé conventionnel. 



  A l'issue du traitement de dépôt, la couche de nickelphosphore se compose, entre autres choses, de 6 à 12% de phosphore. 



  Le dépôt de la première couche est suivi du dépôt d'une fine couche d'or d'une épaisseur d'environ 0,1 à 0,8  mu m, puis les pièces sont soumises à un traitement thermique sous vide à une température de 250 DEG  pendant six heures. 



  Pour chacune des pièces traitées, le coefficient de frottement maximum FR et le taux d'usure totale TU sont comparés à ceux des pièces non traitées dans les tableaux suivants: 
<tb><TABLE> Columns=3 
<tb>Title: Tableau 1: pièce en cuivre-béryllium mou 
<tb>Head Col 01 AL=L: Traitement 
<tb>Head Col 02 AL=L: FR 
<tb>Head Col 03 AL=L: TU 10<-15> m<3>/Nm 
<tb> <SEP>avec <SEP>0.29 <SEP>0.5 
<tb> <SEP>sans <SEP>0.82 <SEP>780 
<tb></TABLE> 
<tb><TABLE> Columns=3 
<tb>Title: Tableau 2: pièce en cuivre-béryllium durci 
<tb>Head Col 01 AL=L: Traitement 
<tb>Head Col 02 AL=L: FR 
<tb>Head Col 03 AL=L: TU 10<-15> m<3>/Nm 
<tb> <SEP>avec <SEP>0.31 <SEP>1.4 
<tb> <SEP>sans <SEP>0.87 <SEP>276 
<tb></TABLE> 
<tb><TABLE> Columns=3 
<tb>Title: Tableau 3: pièce en laiton 
<tb>Head Col 01 AL=L: Traitement 
<tb>Head Col 02 AL=L: FR 
<tb>Head Col 03 AL=L:

  TU 10<-15> m<3>/Nm 
<tb> <SEP>avec <SEP>0.35 
<tb>Head Col 03 AL=L: 0.70 
<tb> <SEP>sans 
<tb>Head Col 02 AL=L: 0.55 <SEP>960 
<tb> <SEP>sans mais avec lubrifiants liquides 
<tb> <SEP>0.14-0.22 <SEP>3.4-12 
<tb></TABLE> 



  Les tableaux 1 à 3 illustrent l'effet de lubrification et l'amélioration de l'usure des pièces revêtues conformément à la présente invention. Les coefficients de frottement et les taux d'usure ont été mesurés à l'aide d'appareils de mesure du type pion-disque ayant les caractéristiques suivantes: 



   - pion: acier 20AP durci (700 HV); 



  - disque: alliage cuivreux revêtu selon l'invention; 



  - vitesse de glissement: 1 cm/s; 



  - humidité relative: 57%. 



  On constate que les pièces revêtues avec la composition selon l'invention, par rapport aux pièces non traitées mais utilisées avec un lubrifiant liquide conventionnel, présentent une amélioration notable de l'usure des pièces et par rapport aux pièces ni traitées ni huilées, montrent une amélioration du coefficient de frottement d'un facteur deux et du taux d'usure de plus de trois ordres de grandeur. Le traitement thermique des pièces revêtues a pour effet de durcir la couche de nickel-phosphore; il peut être effectué avant ou après le dépôt de la couche fine d'or. 



   De préférence, le traitement thermique des pièces est effectué à une température comprise entre 200 et 600 DEG C pendant une durée comprise entre 1 et 6 heures. 



  Bien que la présente invention ait été décrite dans le cadre d'exemples de réalisation particuliers, il est clair qu'elle est susceptible de modifications ou de variantes sans sortir de son domaine. En particulier, les revêtements décrits sont applicables à d'autres types de pièces que celles constituant des engrenages miniatures. 



  
 



  The present invention relates to a process for producing a solid lubricating composition intended to reduce friction and wear on a first part, in particular made of a relatively soft material, such as a gear wheel made of a copper alloy, against a second part, in particular of a relatively hard material, such as a steel pinion and on the other hand, a part coated with such a composition.



  Copper alloys, such as copper-beryllium and brass, are often used because of the ease of their machining for the production of toothed wheels involved in miniature, or micromechanical gears; the other element of the gear, of small dimension, being most often made of a hard material, such as steel. In the absence of any lubrication, the friction between the toothed wheel and the pinion is high and the wear of the toothed wheel is fairly rapid. This problem is not solved by coating the toothed wheel with a layer of gold or a passivation layer (oxidation of the surface of the alloy), as is sometimes used. The wear of the toothed wheel can be reduced by using liquid lubricants, such as those used in watchmaking.

  However, such liquid lubricants have, on the one hand, a short duration of effectiveness and, on the other hand, introduce, due to their viscosity and capillary effects, parasitic forces which can be significant when the forces involved are low.



  Furthermore, various means are known for producing solid lubricating layers, but these are, in the case of small gears, difficult or even impossible to use. Manufacturing tolerances, for example, impose a thickness of two to three microns of the lubricating layer. This therefore excludes sliding varnishes which cannot be deposited in sufficiently thin layers. Chemical vapor deposition coatings are carried out at too high a temperature and, moreover, require a polishing operation after deposition which proves impractical on small toothed wheels. Sputtering treatments have the disadvantage of being directive and it is then necessary to have an apparatus which ensures the rotation of the parts during the treatment.

  These last two methods mentioned are not economically usable for mass production. Treatments of the electrochemical type are no more conceivable since they do not make it possible to obtain the required surface qualities and, moreover, there is no known lubricating layer achievable using this technique.



  Also an object of the present invention is a solid lubricating composition capable of being deposited on small parts and not having the drawbacks mentioned above.



  Another object of the invention is a solid lubricating composition capable of being deposited on a piece of relatively soft metal to be in contact with a piece of relatively hard metal.



  Another object of the invention is a method for producing a solid lubricating composition on a micromechanical part.



  The invention is defined in the claims.



  According to another particular embodiment of the invention, the heat treatment is carried out after the deposition of said first layer and before the deposition of said second layer.



  According to another particular embodiment of the invention, the deposition of said first layer is carried out chemically.



  The parts made of a relatively soft material, such as copper alloys, coated according to the characteristics of the invention offer, when used with a part made of a relatively hard material, such as steel, a very low coefficient of friction and wear that is several orders of magnitude lower than that of uncoated parts.



  Other objects, characteristics and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the following description of particular embodiments; said description being given purely by way of illustration.



  The method of the invention was applied to three identical parts, the materials of which were as follows: soft copper-beryllium alloy, hardened copper-beryllium alloy and brass.



  The nickel-phosphorus layer, about two to eight microns thick, was deposited chemically using a conventional process.



  At the end of the deposition treatment, the nickelphosphorus layer consists, among other things, of 6 to 12% of phosphorus.



  The deposition of the first layer is followed by the deposition of a thin layer of gold with a thickness of approximately 0.1 to 0.8 μm, then the parts are subjected to a heat treatment under vacuum at a temperature of 250 DEG for six hours.



  For each of the parts treated, the maximum friction coefficient FR and the total wear rate TU are compared with those of the parts not treated in the following tables:
<tb> <TABLE> Columns = 3
<tb> Title: Table 1: piece of soft copper-beryllium
<tb> Head Col 01 AL = L: Treatment
<tb> Head Col 02 AL = L: FR
<tb> Head Col 03 AL = L: TU 10 <-15> m <3> / Nm
<tb> <SEP> with <SEP> 0.29 <SEP> 0.5
<tb> <SEP> without <SEP> 0.82 <SEP> 780
<tb> </TABLE>
<tb> <TABLE> Columns = 3
<tb> Title: Table 2: hardened copper-beryllium part
<tb> Head Col 01 AL = L: Treatment
<tb> Head Col 02 AL = L: FR
<tb> Head Col 03 AL = L: TU 10 <-15> m <3> / Nm
<tb> <SEP> with <SEP> 0.31 <SEP> 1.4
<tb> <SEP> without <SEP> 0.87 <SEP> 276
<tb> </TABLE>
<tb> <TABLE> Columns = 3
<tb> Title: Table 3: brass part
<tb> Head Col 01 AL = L: Treatment
<tb> Head Col 02 AL = L: FR
<tb> Head Col 03 AL = L:

  TU 10 <-15> m <3> / Nm
<tb> <SEP> with <SEP> 0.35
<tb> Head Col 03 AL = L: 0.70
<tb> <SEP> without
<tb> Head Col 02 AL = L: 0.55 <SEP> 960
<tb> <SEP> without but with liquid lubricants
<tb> <SEP> 0.14-0.22 <SEP> 3.4-12
<tb> </TABLE>



  Tables 1 to 3 illustrate the lubrication effect and the improvement in wear of the coated parts in accordance with the present invention. The coefficients of friction and the wear rates were measured using pion-disc type measuring devices having the following characteristics:



   - pin: hardened 20AP steel (700 HV);



  - disc: coated copper alloy according to the invention;



  - sliding speed: 1 cm / s;



  - relative humidity: 57%.



  It is found that the parts coated with the composition according to the invention, compared to the untreated parts but used with a conventional liquid lubricant, exhibit a significant improvement in the wear of the parts and compared to the parts neither treated nor oiled, show a improvement of the coefficient of friction by a factor of two and the wear rate by more than three orders of magnitude. The heat treatment of the coated parts has the effect of hardening the nickel-phosphorus layer; it can be carried out before or after the deposit of the thin layer of gold.



   Preferably, the heat treatment of the parts is carried out at a temperature between 200 and 600 DEG C for a period of between 1 and 6 hours.



  Although the present invention has been described in the context of particular embodiments, it is clear that it is capable of modification or variant without departing from its field. In particular, the coatings described are applicable to other types of parts than those constituting miniature gears.


    

Claims (10)

1. Procédé de réalisation d'une composition lubrifiante sur une pièce micromécanique en un premier matériau, ladite pièce étant destinée à entrer en contact avec une pièce en un second matériau, ledit procédé étant caractérisé en ce que ladite pièce en un premier matériau est revêtue d'une première couche d'un composé de nickel et de phosphore puis d'une deuxième couche à base d'or d'épaisseur sensiblement plus faible que celle de ladite première couche et en ce que ladite pièce revêtue subit un traitement thermique.       1. Method for producing a lubricating composition on a micromechanical part made of a first material, said part being intended to come into contact with a part made of a second material, said method being characterized in that said part made of a first material is coated a first layer of a nickel and phosphorus compound and then a second gold-based layer of thickness substantially smaller than that of said first layer and in that said coated part undergoes heat treatment. 2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que ladite pièce est revêtue par voie chimique. 2. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that said part is coated chemically. 3. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 2, caractérisé en ce que ledit traitement thermique est effectué préalablement au dépôt de ladite deuxième couche à base d'or. 3. Method according to one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that said heat treatment is carried out prior to the deposition of said second layer based on gold. 4. 4. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 2, caractérisé en ce que ledit traitement thermique est effectué après le dépôt de ladite deuxième couche à base d'or. Method according to one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that said heat treatment is carried out after the deposition of said second layer based on gold. 5. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que ladite première couche a une épaisseur d'environ 2 à 8 microns et ladite deuxième couche a une épaisseur d'environ 0.1 à 0.8 microns. 5. Method according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that said first layer has a thickness of about 2 to 8 microns and said second layer has a thickness of about 0.1 to 0.8 microns. 6. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que ledit traitement thermique est effectué à une température comprise entre 200 et 600 DEG C pendant une durée comprise entre une et six heures. 6. Method according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that said heat treatment is carried out at a temperature between 200 and 600 DEG C for a period between one and six hours. 7. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que ladite pièce en un premier matériau est en cuivre-béryllium mou. 7. Method according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that said part made of a first material is of soft copper-beryllium. 8. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que ladite pièce en un premier matériau est en cuivre-béryllium durci. 8. Method according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that said piece of a first material is hardened copper-beryllium. 9. 9. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que ladite pièce en un premier matériau est en laiton.  Method according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that said part made of a first material is made of brass. 10. Pièce revêtue à l'aide du procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 9. 10. Part coated using the method according to one of claims 1 to 9.  
CH4070/90A 1992-02-25 1992-02-25 Solid lubricant coating prodn. for reducing friction between soft parts - by applying nickel@-phosphorus@ layer and gold@ layer and then heat treating CH681370A5 (en)

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CH4070/90A CH681370A5 (en) 1992-02-25 1992-02-25 Solid lubricant coating prodn. for reducing friction between soft parts - by applying nickel@-phosphorus@ layer and gold@ layer and then heat treating

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EP3171229A1 (en) * 2015-11-19 2017-05-24 Nivarox-FAR S.A. Clock component
WO2017141222A1 (en) * 2016-02-19 2017-08-24 Creaditive Ag Pinion shaft, clockwork, clock or measuring device without magnetic signature
EP3273306A1 (en) * 2016-07-19 2018-01-24 Nivarox-FAR S.A. Part for clock movement
EP3273307A1 (en) * 2016-07-19 2018-01-24 Nivarox-FAR S.A. Part for clock movement
RU2763382C2 (en) * 2016-07-19 2021-12-28 Ниварокс-Фар С.А. Component for clockwork mechanism
CN115220325A (en) * 2021-04-16 2022-10-21 Eta瑞士钟表制造股份有限公司 Method for manufacturing a timepiece movement and timepiece movement obtained by implementing said method

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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EP3273307A1 (en) * 2016-07-19 2018-01-24 Nivarox-FAR S.A. Part for clock movement
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