CH636174A5 - Plastic collar which can be electrically welded - Google Patents

Plastic collar which can be electrically welded Download PDF

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Publication number
CH636174A5
CH636174A5 CH257279A CH257279A CH636174A5 CH 636174 A5 CH636174 A5 CH 636174A5 CH 257279 A CH257279 A CH 257279A CH 257279 A CH257279 A CH 257279A CH 636174 A5 CH636174 A5 CH 636174A5
Authority
CH
Switzerland
Prior art keywords
heating wire
sleeve
sleeve body
thermal expansion
welding
Prior art date
Application number
CH257279A
Other languages
German (de)
Inventor
Heinz Nyffeler
Rudolf Buri
Original Assignee
Von Roll Ag
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Von Roll Ag filed Critical Von Roll Ag
Priority to CH257279A priority Critical patent/CH636174A5/en
Priority to DE19803005078 priority patent/DE3005078A1/en
Priority to AT0086880A priority patent/AT366165B/en
Priority to IT20303/80A priority patent/IT1140763B/en
Priority to FR8006054A priority patent/FR2452048B1/en
Priority to JP3419480A priority patent/JPS55126416A/en
Publication of CH636174A5 publication Critical patent/CH636174A5/en

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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/34Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement"
    • B29C65/3404Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" characterised by the type of heated elements which remain in the joint
    • B29C65/342Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" characterised by the type of heated elements which remain in the joint comprising at least a single wire, e.g. in the form of a winding
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/34Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement"
    • B29C65/3472Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" characterised by the composition of the heated elements which remain in the joint
    • B29C65/3476Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" characterised by the composition of the heated elements which remain in the joint being metallic
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/112Single lapped joints
    • B29C66/1122Single lap to lap joints, i.e. overlap joints
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/50General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/51Joining tubular articles, profiled elements or bars; Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; Joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/52Joining tubular articles, bars or profiled elements
    • B29C66/522Joining tubular articles
    • B29C66/5221Joining tubular articles for forming coaxial connections, i.e. the tubular articles to be joined forming a zero angle relative to each other
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/50General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/51Joining tubular articles, profiled elements or bars; Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; Joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/52Joining tubular articles, bars or profiled elements
    • B29C66/522Joining tubular articles
    • B29C66/5229Joining tubular articles involving the use of a socket
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/739General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/7392General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic
    • B29C66/73921General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic characterised by the materials of both parts being thermoplastics
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16LPIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L47/00Connecting arrangements or other fittings specially adapted to be made of plastics or to be used with pipes made of plastics
    • F16L47/02Welded joints; Adhesive joints
    • F16L47/03Welded joints with an electrical resistance incorporated in the joint
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/34Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement"
    • B29C65/3468Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" characterised by the means for supplying heat to said heated elements which remain in the join, e.g. special electrical connectors of windings

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Branch Pipes, Bends, And The Like (AREA)
  • Lining Or Joining Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine elektrisch schweissbare Muffe aus einem thermoplastischen Kunststoff zum Verbinden von Leitungselementen mittels eines an der Innenwandung eines hiilsenförmigen Muffenkörpers in Windungen angeordneten Heizdrahts, welche, auf Stutzen der zu verbindenden Leitungselemente aufgeschoben, zusammen mit den Stutzen durch im Heizdraht erzeugte Wärme teilweise erweicht und mit diesen verschweisst wird. The invention relates to an electrically weldable sleeve made of a thermoplastic for connecting line elements by means of a heating wire arranged in turns on the inner wall of a sleeve-shaped sleeve body, which, when pushed onto the socket of the line elements to be connected, partially softens together with the socket by heat generated in the heating wire and is welded to them.

Leitungsnetze werden heute vielfach unter Verwendung von Leitungselementen aus thermoplastischem Kunststoff hergestellt. Hierbei stellt sich die Aufgabe, die Leitungselemente, worunter Rohrstücke, Formstücke, Steuerorgane, z. B. Ventile und andere Werkstücke verstanden werden, zusammenzubauen und an ihren Stutzen tropf- und druckdicht zu verbinden. Es ist allgemein bekannt, für das Verbinden der Stutzen dieser Leitungselemente zylinderförmige Muffen mit einem hülsenförmi-gen Muffenkörper aus einem thermoplastischen Material zu verwenden, die zusammen mit den Stutzen der Leitungselemente teilweise aufgeschmolzen und miteinander verschweisst werden. Der Muffenkörper kann hierbei Teil eines Leitungselementes oder ein separater Teil sein. Zum teilweisen Schmelzen und Schweissen der zu verbindenden Teile wird im Bereich der Innenwand des hülsenförmigen Muffenkörpers ein elektrischer Heizdraht in Windungen angeordnet. Durch Zufuhr elektrischer Energie in diesen Heizdraht wird eine dosierte, zum Verbinden des Muffenkörpers und der Stutzen ausreichende Wärmemenge erzeugt. Today, pipeline networks are often manufactured using piping elements made of thermoplastic. Here the task arises, the line elements, including pipe sections, fittings, control elements, for. B. Valves and other workpieces can be understood, assembled and connected to their nozzle drip and pressure tight. It is generally known to use cylindrical sleeves with a sleeve-shaped sleeve body made of a thermoplastic material for connecting the stubs of these line elements, which are partially melted together with the stubs of the line elements and welded to one another. The sleeve body can be part of a line element or a separate part. For the partial melting and welding of the parts to be connected, an electrical heating wire is arranged in turns in the area of the inner wall of the sleeve-shaped sleeve body. By supplying electrical energy to this heating wire, a metered amount of heat is generated which is sufficient to connect the socket body and the connecting piece.

Zur Dosierung der für das Verschweissen der Muffe und der Stutzen erforderlichen Wärmemenge werden Schweissgeräte verwendet, welche die der benötigten Wärmemenge proportionale elektrische Energie dem im Muffenkörper eingebetteten Heizdraht zuführen. Von diesen Schweissgeräten sind verschiedene Ausführungsformen bekannt, die bei Regelung auf konstante Spannung oder konstanten Strom eine bestimmte Schweisszeit einhalten. Es sind auch Geräte mit einer Temperaturmessstelle an der Muffe selbst bekannt sowie einfachere Geräte, die nur die Schweisszeit begrenzen. Weiter sind auch Geräte bekannt, bei denen für die Regelung der Schweisszeit die Umgebungstemperatur der Schweissmuffe mitberücksichtigt wird. To meter the amount of heat required for welding the sleeve and the socket, welding devices are used which supply the electrical energy proportional to the amount of heat required to the heating wire embedded in the sleeve body. Various embodiments of these welding devices are known which adhere to a specific welding time when controlled to constant voltage or constant current. Devices with a temperature measuring point on the sleeve itself are also known, as are simpler devices which only limit the welding time. Devices are also known in which the ambient temperature of the welding sleeve is also taken into account for regulating the welding time.

Die mit Hilfe solcher Geräte elektrisch schweissbare Muffe mit dem im Muffenkörper eingelegten Heizdraht scheint ein verhältnismässig einfaches Element zu sein. Es istlediglich darauf zu achten, dass beim Einlegen des Heizdrahtes die einzelnen Windungen durch eine genügend grosse Kunststoffmasse voneinander getrennt sind, damit zuverlässige Windungsschlüsse vermieden werden. Andererseits wird zur Erreichung einer guten Verbindung der zu verschweissenden Teile dem thermoplasti- The sleeve, which can be electrically welded with the aid of such devices, with the heating wire inserted in the sleeve body appears to be a relatively simple element. It is only important to ensure that when the heating wire is inserted, the individual turns are separated from one another by a sufficiently large plastic mass so that reliable turns are avoided. On the other hand, to achieve a good connection of the parts to be welded, the thermoplastic

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sehen Muffenkörper eine Schrumpfreserve erteilt, welche beim Schweissvorgang ausgelöst wird, so dass ein sattes Anliegen des Muffenkörpers auf den zu verbindenden Teilen erfolgt. Während derMuffenkörpersich beim Schweissen verkleinert, dehnt sich der Heizdraht, der während des Schweissvorgangs erwärmt wird, entgegen der Schrumpfbewegung des Muffenkörpers aus. Diese beiden gegenläufigen Bewegungen können ein Ausknicken einzelner Windungen des Heizdrahts und damit einen Kurzschluss bewirken, wodurch das thermoplastische Material des Muffenkörpers beschädigt wird oder sich entflammen kann. Im weiteren bewirkt die Längenausdehnung des Widerstandsdrahtes ein Entfernen der Windung von der Schweisszone. Der Abstand der Windungen kann so gross werden, dass ein vollständiges Aufschmelzen der Innenwandung in der Schweisszone in Frage gestellt wird. Solche Erscheinungen können vor allem bei elektrisch schweissbaren Muffen mit grösserem Muffendurchmesser, z. B. über 200 mm Durchmesser, beobachtet werden. Zweifellos spielt hierbei die Wärmeausdehnung des Heizdrahtes eine erhebliche Rolle, da die Gesamtlänge der Heizdrahtwindungen eine beträchtliche Länge, z. B. 10 m und mehr, aufweisen kann. see sleeve body granted a shrink reserve, which is triggered during the welding process, so that the sleeve body lies snugly against the parts to be connected. As the socket body shrinks during welding, the heating wire, which is heated during the welding process, expands against the shrinking movement of the socket body. These two opposing movements can cause individual turns of the heating wire to buckle and thus cause a short circuit, as a result of which the thermoplastic material of the sleeve body is damaged or can catch fire. Furthermore, the linear expansion of the resistance wire causes the winding to be removed from the welding zone. The distance between the turns can be so great that a complete melting of the inner wall in the welding zone is questioned. Such phenomena can occur especially in the case of electrically weldable sleeves with a larger sleeve diameter, e.g. B. over 200 mm in diameter can be observed. Undoubtedly, the thermal expansion of the heating wire plays a significant role here, since the total length of the heating wire turns is a considerable length, e.g. B. 10 m and more.

Um die erwähnten Störungen beim Schweissen von Muffen mit grösserem Durchmesser zu vermeiden, sind verschiedene Massnahmen bekannt. Es kann beispielsweise die Gesamtlänge des Heizdrahts dadurch verringert werden, dass der Heizdraht mehrgängig, z. B. in vier Gängen, in den Muffenkörper eingelegt wird. Dadurch wird die Gesamtdehnung des Heizdrahts vermindert, wodurch auch die Gefahr von Windungsschlüssen vermindert wird. Allerdings wird dadurch der schaltungstechnische Aufwand vergrössert. Various measures are known to avoid the above-mentioned disturbances when welding sleeves with a larger diameter. For example, the total length of the heating wire can be reduced in that the heating wire has multiple threads, e.g. B. in four courses, is inserted into the sleeve body. This reduces the total elongation of the heating wire, which also reduces the risk of short circuits. However, this increases the complexity of the circuitry.

Weiter ist es bekannt, einen lack- oder bandisolierten Heizdraht zu verwenden. Zwar wird hierdurch die Wärmeausdehnung des Heizdrahtes nicht vermindert, jedoch soll die Isolation bei etwaigen Windungsschlüssen einen Kurzschluss verhindern. Die Isolierung handelsüblicher Heizdrähte ist jedoch derart dünn, dass sie für eine wirksame Verhinderung von Kurzschlüssen bei Windungsschlüssen nicht ausreicht. It is also known to use a lacquered or tape-insulated heating wire. Although this does not reduce the thermal expansion of the heating wire, the insulation is intended to prevent a short circuit in the event of any short circuit. However, the insulation of commercially available heating wires is so thin that it is not sufficient to effectively prevent short circuits in the event of short circuits.

Zudem besteht die Gefahr, dass bei höheren Heizdrahttemperaturen eine Lackisolation verkohlt und hierbei Lösungsmitteldämpfe abgibt. Diese freiwerdenden Gase führen zu Lunkerbildungen in der Schweisszone. Im Gegensatz dazu werden bei einem bandisolierten Heizdraht gewöhnlich keine Gase frei. There is also the risk that at higher heating wire temperatures, enamel insulation will charr and emit solvent vapors. These released gases lead to the formation of voids in the welding zone. In contrast, gases are usually not released in a ribbon-insulated heating wire.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine elektrisch schweissbare Muffe der eingangs beschriebenen Art so auszugestalten, dass einerseits Windungsschlüsse weitgehend verunmög-licht, andererseits die Heizdrahtwindungen in ihrer Lage stationär bleiben um dadurch Störungen, vor allem bei Muffen mit grossem Durchmesser zu verhindern. The invention is based on the object of designing an electrically weldable sleeve of the type described at the outset such that, on the one hand, short turns are largely impossible, and on the other hand the heating wire turns remain stationary in order to thereby prevent malfunctions, especially with sleeves with a large diameter.

Diese Aufgabe wird gemäss der Erfindung dadurch gelöst, According to the invention, this object is achieved by

dass der Heizdraht einen Wärmeausdehnungskoeffizienten von weniger als 10-10"6 aufweist. that the heating wire has a coefficient of thermal expansion of less than 10-10 "6.

Die Erfindung ist in der Zeichnung in einem Ausführungsbeispiel dargestellt und nachfolgend beschrieben. Es zeigen: The invention is shown in the drawing in one embodiment and described below. Show it:

Fig. 1 einen Längsschnitt einer schematisch dargestellten elektrisch schweissbaren Muffe zum Verbinden zweier Rohrstutzen von Leitungselementen und Fig. 1 shows a longitudinal section of a schematically illustrated electrically weldable sleeve for connecting two pipe sockets of line elements and

Fig. 2 eine vergrösserte Darstellung des Ausschnitts II in Fig. 1, jedoch für eine elektrisch schweissbare Muffe mit einem zweiteiligen Muffenkörper. Fig. 2 is an enlarged view of section II in Fig. 1, but for an electrically weldable sleeve with a two-part sleeve body.

In Fig. 1 sind zwei Rohrstutzen 1,2 dargestellt, die Teil von nichtdargestellten Rohrelementen sind. Über die Rohrstutzen 1, 2 ist eine Muffe 3 geschoben ; die Muffe 3 und die Rohrstutzen 1,2 sind aus einem thermoplastischen Kunststoff hergestellt. Die Muffe 3 weist einen hülsenförmigen Muffenkörper 4 auf. In unmittelbarer Nähe der Innenwandung 5 des Muffenkörpers 4 ist ein Heizdraht 6 in Windungen eingebettet, die gegenüber benachbarten Windungen einen Abstand 7 aufweisen. Die Enden des Heizdrahtes 6 sind mit Kontakten 8verbunden, die in einer, an den Enden des Muffenkörpers 4 angeordneten Bohrung In Fig. 1, two pipe sockets 1,2 are shown, which are part of pipe elements, not shown. A sleeve 3 is pushed over the pipe socket 1, 2; the sleeve 3 and the pipe socket 1,2 are made of a thermoplastic. The sleeve 3 has a sleeve-shaped sleeve body 4. In the immediate vicinity of the inner wall 5 of the sleeve body 4, a heating wire 6 is embedded in windings which are spaced 7 from adjacent windings. The ends of the heating wire 6 are connected to contacts 8, which are arranged in a bore arranged at the ends of the sleeve body 4

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9 eingebettet sind. An die Kontakte 8 können Leitungen eines nicht dargestellten Schweissgerätes angeschlossen werden, durch welche der Heizdraht 6 mit dosierter elektrischer Energie gespeist werden kann. 9 are embedded. Lines of a welding device, not shown, can be connected to the contacts 8, through which the heating wire 6 can be fed with metered electrical energy.

In Fig. 1 sind die Rohrstutzen 1,2 und die Muffe 3 vor ihrer Verschweissung dargestellt. Wird durch das Schweissgerät elektrische Energie zugeführt, so wird im Heizdraht 6 Wärme erzeugt, die zu einer teilweisen Erweichung des Muffenkörpers und der Rohrstutzen 1,2 führen soll, so dass eine Verschweissung der Teile stattfindet. Da bei der Herstellung der Muffe 3 dem Muffenkörper4 eine Schrumpfreserve, z. B. durch Aufweiten, erteilt wird, wird diese bei der Erwärmung des Muffenkörpers 4 frei, wodurch der Muffenkörper 4 eine Schrumpfung ausführt, durch welche der vor dem Schweissen bestehende Spalt 10 zwischen der Innenwandung 5 des Muffenkörpers 4 und der Aussenwandung 10 der Rohrstutzen 1, 2 aufgehoben wird. In Fig. 1, the pipe socket 1,2 and the sleeve 3 are shown before they are welded. If electrical energy is supplied by the welding device, heat is generated in the heating wire 6, which should lead to a partial softening of the sleeve body and the pipe socket 1, 2, so that the parts are welded. Since in the manufacture of the sleeve 3, the sleeve body 4 has a shrink reserve, e.g. B. is issued by expansion, this is free when the sleeve body 4 is heated, as a result of which the sleeve body 4 performs a shrinkage, through which the gap 10 existing before welding between the inner wall 5 of the sleeve body 4 and the outer wall 10 of the pipe socket 1, 2 is canceled.

Wie aus Fig. 1 ersichtlich ist, brauchen die Windungen des Heizdrahtes 6 nicht gleichmässig über die gesamte Innenwandung des Muffenkörpers 4 verteilt zu werden. Insbesondere kann der Windungsabstand im Bereich der Stutzenden grösser sein. As can be seen from FIG. 1, the turns of the heating wire 6 need not be distributed uniformly over the entire inner wall of the socket body 4. In particular, the distance between the turns can be larger in the area of the connecting pieces.

Um die eingangs erwähnten Schwierigkeiten beim Schweissen von Muffen 3, insbesondere von grösserem Durchmesser, zu vermeiden, geht die Erfindung von der Überlegung aus, dass die Erwärmung des Heizdrahts 6 wesentlich schneller als das Aufweichen und damit das Schrumpfen des Muffenkörpers 4 erfolgt. Wenn es gelingt, in diesem verhältnismässig kurzen Zeitpunkt die Wärmeausdehnung des Heizdrahts 6 klein zu halten, kann das Auftreten von Windungsschlüssen oder anderen Verformungen vermieden werden. Sobald der Muffenkörper aufgeweicht ist und die Schrumpfung einsetzt, kann sich der Heizdraht 6 in dem sich aufweichenden thermoplastischen Material ausdehnen. In order to avoid the difficulties mentioned at the beginning when welding sleeves 3, in particular of larger diameter, the invention is based on the consideration that the heating of the heating wire 6 takes place much faster than the softening and thus the shrinking of the sleeve body 4. If it is possible to keep the thermal expansion of the heating wire 6 small at this relatively short point in time, the occurrence of interturn short-circuiting or other deformations can be avoided. As soon as the sleeve body is softened and the shrinkage begins, the heating wire 6 can expand in the softening thermoplastic material.

Wird nun anstelle der bisher verwendeten Heizdrähte ein Heizdraht 6 mit geringem Wärmeausdehnungskoeffizienten verwendet, so vermeidet man alle Schwierigkeiten, die unmittelbar beim Beginn der Erwärmung des Heizdrahts 6 auftreten könnten. If, instead of the heating wires previously used, a heating wire 6 with a low coefficient of thermal expansion is used, all difficulties which could arise immediately when heating wire 6 starts to be avoided are avoided.

5 Es sind heute verschiedene Legierungen mit kleinem Wärmeausdehnungskoeffizienten bekannt; es sind dies Eisen-Nickel-Legierungen mit einem Nickelgehalt von 30—50 Gew.-%. Mit solchen Legierungen können Wärmeausdehnungskoeffizienten kleiner als 10-10"6 erreicht werden; aber auch kleinere Werte, io z. B. 1,5-10"6, sind erreichbar. Auch Heizdrähte 6 mit negativem Wärmeausdehnungskoeffizienten können verwendet werden. Wesentlich ist jedoch, dass die Wärmeausdehnung der üblicherweise verwendeten Heizdrähte 6 erheblich verkleinert wird, um die gewünschte Wirkung zu erreichen. 5 Various alloys with a low coefficient of thermal expansion are known today; these are iron-nickel alloys with a nickel content of 30-50% by weight. With such alloys, thermal expansion coefficients smaller than 10-10 "6 can be achieved, but smaller values, eg 1.5-10" 6, can also be achieved. Heating wires 6 with a negative coefficient of thermal expansion can also be used. It is essential, however, that the thermal expansion of the heating wires 6 that are usually used is considerably reduced in order to achieve the desired effect.

xs Der in Fig. 2 dargestellte vergrösserte Ausschnitt zeigt eine Muffe 3, deren Muffenkörper aus zwei Teilen besteht, einem Muffeninnenteil 15 einerseits und einem Muffenaussenteil 16 andererseits. Der Muffeninnenteil 15 weist auf seiner Aussen-seite einen schraubenförmig verlaufenden, ringscheibenförmi-20 gen Steg 17 auf, in dessen Windungen der Heizdraht 6 verlegt ist. Die Enden des Heizdrahts 6 sind in gleicher Weise, wie in Fig. 1 dargestellt ist, mit den Kontakten 8 verbunden. Nach dem Einlegen des Heizdrahts 6 wird der Muffenaussenteil 16 auf den Muffeninnenteil 15 aufgespritzt, wodurch ein kompakter Muf-25 fenkörper entsteht. Wie bei der Muffe nach Fig. 1 kann auch bei der Ausführung nach Fig. 2 in gleicher Weise ein Heizdraht 6 mit kleinem Wärmeausdehnungskoeffizienten verwendet werden. Mit der beschriebenen Muffe ist es möglich, auch bei grossen Rohrdurchmessern, z. B. 200—500 mm, eine zuverlässige 30 Schweissung zu erreichen, die nicht nur tropfdicht, sondern auch druckdicht ist. xs The enlarged section shown in FIG. 2 shows a sleeve 3, the sleeve body of which consists of two parts, an inner sleeve part 15 on the one hand and an outer sleeve part 16 on the other hand. The inner sleeve part 15 has on its outer side a helically extending, annular disk-shaped web 17, in the windings of which the heating wire 6 is laid. The ends of the heating wire 6 are connected to the contacts 8 in the same way as shown in FIG. 1. After inserting the heating wire 6, the outer sleeve part 16 is sprayed onto the inner sleeve part 15, whereby a compact sleeve body is created. 1, a heating wire 6 with a small coefficient of thermal expansion can be used in the same way in the embodiment according to FIG. 2. With the sleeve described, it is possible, even with large pipe diameters, for. B. 200-500 mm, to achieve a reliable 30 weld, which is not only drip-tight, but also pressure-tight.

M M

1 Blatt Zeichnungen 1 sheet of drawings

Claims (3)

636 174 636 174 PATENTANSPRÜCHE PATENT CLAIMS 1. Elektrisch schweissbare Muffe aus einem thermoplastischen Kunststoff zum Verbinden von Leitungselementen mittels eines an der Innenwandung eines hiilsenförmigen Muffenkörpers in Windungen angeordneten Heizdrahts, welche, aufStutzen der zu verbindenden Leitungselemente aufgeschoben, zusammen mit den Stutzen durch im Heizdraht erzeugte Wärme teilweise erweicht und mit diesen verschweisst wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Heizdraht (6) einen Wärmeausdehnungskoeffizien- 10 ten von weniger als 10-10'" aufweist. 1.Electrically weldable sleeve made of a thermoplastic for connecting line elements by means of a heating wire arranged in turns on the inner wall of a sleeve-shaped sleeve body, which, when pushed onto the connecting piece of the connecting elements, softens together with the connecting piece by heat generated in the heating wire and welded to it is characterized in that the heating wire (6) has a coefficient of thermal expansion of 10 less than 10-10 '". 2. Muffe nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Heizdraht (6) einen Wärmeausdehnungskoeffizienten von weniger als 2,0-10"° aufweist. 2. Socket according to claim 1, characterized in that the heating wire (6) has a coefficient of thermal expansion of less than 2.0-10 "°. 3. Muffe nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der 15 Heizdraht (6) einen negativen Wärmeausdehnungskoeffizienten aufweist. 3. Socket according to claim 1, characterized in that the 15 heating wire (6) has a negative coefficient of thermal expansion. 20 20th
CH257279A 1979-03-19 1979-03-19 Plastic collar which can be electrically welded CH636174A5 (en)

Priority Applications (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH257279A CH636174A5 (en) 1979-03-19 1979-03-19 Plastic collar which can be electrically welded
DE19803005078 DE3005078A1 (en) 1979-03-19 1980-02-12 ELECTRICALLY WELDABLE PLUG IN PLASTIC
AT0086880A AT366165B (en) 1979-03-19 1980-02-18 ELECTRICALLY WELDABLE SLEEVE FROM A THERMOPLASTIC PLASTIC
IT20303/80A IT1140763B (en) 1979-03-19 1980-02-29 ELECTRICALLY WELDABLE SLEEVE IN SYNTHETIC MATERIAL
FR8006054A FR2452048B1 (en) 1979-03-19 1980-03-18 SLEEVE OF SYNTHETIC MATERIAL WHICH CAN BE WELDED BY MEANS OF AN ELECTRIC RESISTANCE WITH WHICH THE SPIERS SURROUND THE SLEEVE
JP3419480A JPS55126416A (en) 1979-03-19 1980-03-19 Electric welding bush

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH257279A CH636174A5 (en) 1979-03-19 1979-03-19 Plastic collar which can be electrically welded

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CH636174A5 true CH636174A5 (en) 1983-05-13

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CH257279A CH636174A5 (en) 1979-03-19 1979-03-19 Plastic collar which can be electrically welded

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JP (1) JPS55126416A (en)
AT (1) AT366165B (en)
CH (1) CH636174A5 (en)
DE (1) DE3005078A1 (en)
FR (1) FR2452048B1 (en)
IT (1) IT1140763B (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4629216A (en) * 1982-06-29 1986-12-16 I. C. Moller A/S Method of joining prefabricated heat insulated pipes and a welding fitting therefore
US4626308A (en) * 1983-02-18 1986-12-02 The Victaulic Company Plc Method of making welded pipe joints
CH661475A5 (en) * 1983-12-19 1987-07-31 Fischer Ag Georg ARRANGEMENT FOR WELDING MOLDED PARTS MADE OF THERMOPLASTIC PLASTIC.
DE3434373C1 (en) * 1984-09-19 1986-04-10 W.C. Heraeus Gmbh, 6450 Hanau Gas lasers, especially CO2 lasers
US4852914A (en) * 1987-06-19 1989-08-01 Milfuse Systems, Inc. Plastic pipeline having rapidly fusible joints and method of making same
US5280670A (en) * 1992-11-02 1994-01-25 Tdw Delaware, Inc. Apparatus for repairing a transport pipe
DE19807950A1 (en) * 1998-02-25 1999-09-09 Merle Heating coil fitting with shrink jacket
JP2976023B1 (en) 1998-05-14 1999-11-10 博 稲葉 Composite building material and manufacturing method thereof

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1025388A (en) * 1961-11-30 1966-04-06 Lord Corp Joining articles and structure therefor
CH437755A (en) * 1965-11-29 1967-06-15 Von Roll Ag Electronically controlled welding device for connecting pipes and fittings made of weldable plastic by means of a connector with an electrical heating resistor
NL175458C (en) * 1973-03-14 1984-11-01 Sturm Werner METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING A WELDING SOCKET FOR THERMOPLASTIC TUBES.
JPS5147065A (en) * 1974-10-22 1976-04-22 Mitsuyori Kobayashi
JPS5237984A (en) * 1975-09-19 1977-03-24 Furukawa Electric Co Ltd Method of joining polyolefinic resin pipe body
US4117311A (en) * 1976-03-22 1978-09-26 Von Roll Ag. Electric welding muff
DE2716055C2 (en) * 1977-04-09 1981-09-24 Rollmaplast AG, Gerlafingen Electrical device for metered energy delivery to an electrical resistor located between thermoplastic pipe parts to be welded
DE3065242D1 (en) * 1979-04-05 1983-11-17 Brickhouse Dudley Plc Method for joining together thermoplastics pipes and pipe fittings

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2452048A1 (en) 1980-10-17
FR2452048B1 (en) 1985-12-20
IT1140763B (en) 1986-10-10
ATA86880A (en) 1981-07-15
IT8020303A0 (en) 1980-02-29
DE3005078C2 (en) 1988-09-29
DE3005078A1 (en) 1980-10-02
JPS55126416A (en) 1980-09-30
AT366165B (en) 1982-03-25

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