CH264471A - Machine for joining sheets, in particular cellulose sheets. - Google Patents

Machine for joining sheets, in particular cellulose sheets.

Info

Publication number
CH264471A
CH264471A CH264471DA CH264471A CH 264471 A CH264471 A CH 264471A CH 264471D A CH264471D A CH 264471DA CH 264471 A CH264471 A CH 264471A
Authority
CH
Switzerland
Prior art keywords
jaws
machine according
sub
sheets
machine
Prior art date
Application number
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Henry Bland Arthur
Original Assignee
Henry Bland Arthur
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Henry Bland Arthur filed Critical Henry Bland Arthur
Publication of CH264471A publication Critical patent/CH264471A/en

Links

Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/18Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/112Single lapped joints
    • B29C66/1122Single lap to lap joints, i.e. overlap joints
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/71General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the composition of the plastics material of the parts to be joined
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/81General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/814General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/8141General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/81433General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined being toothed, i.e. comprising several teeth or pins, or being patterned
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/81General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/816General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the mounting of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/8161General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the mounting of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps said pressing elements being supported or backed-up by springs or by resilient material
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/82Pressure application arrangements, e.g. transmission or actuating mechanisms for joining tools or clamps
    • B29C66/822Transmission mechanisms
    • B29C66/8221Scissor or lever mechanisms, i.e. involving a pivot point
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/82Pressure application arrangements, e.g. transmission or actuating mechanisms for joining tools or clamps
    • B29C66/822Transmission mechanisms
    • B29C66/8222Pinion or rack mechanisms
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/82Pressure application arrangements, e.g. transmission or actuating mechanisms for joining tools or clamps
    • B29C66/822Transmission mechanisms
    • B29C66/8226Cam mechanisms; Wedges; Eccentric mechanisms
    • B29C66/82265Eccentric mechanisms
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/82Pressure application arrangements, e.g. transmission or actuating mechanisms for joining tools or clamps
    • B29C66/822Transmission mechanisms
    • B29C66/8227Transmission mechanisms using springs
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/83General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof characterised by the movement of the joining or pressing tools
    • B29C66/832Reciprocating joining or pressing tools
    • B29C66/8324Joining or pressing tools pivoting around one axis
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/84Specific machine types or machines suitable for specific applications
    • B29C66/861Hand-held tools
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65BMACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B51/00Devices for, or methods of, sealing or securing package folds or closures; Devices for gathering or twisting wrappers, or necks of bags
    • B65B51/10Applying or generating heat or pressure or combinations thereof
    • B65B51/14Applying or generating heat or pressure or combinations thereof by reciprocating or oscillating members
    • B65B51/148Hand-operated members
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/18Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools
    • B29C65/24Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools characterised by the means for heating the tool
    • B29C65/30Electrical means
    • B29C65/305Electrical means involving the use of cartridge heaters
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/81General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/812General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the composition, by the structure, by the intensive physical properties or by the optical properties of the material constituting the pressing elements, e.g. constituting the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/8122General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the composition, by the structure, by the intensive physical properties or by the optical properties of the material constituting the pressing elements, e.g. constituting the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the composition of the material constituting the pressing elements, e.g. constituting the welding jaws or clamps
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/81General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/818General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the cooling constructional aspects, or by the thermal or electrical insulating or conducting constructional aspects of the welding jaws or of the clamps ; comprising means for compensating for the thermal expansion of the welding jaws or of the clamps
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/91Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/914Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/9141Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature
    • B29C66/91421Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature of the joining tools
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/91Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/914Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/9141Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature
    • B29C66/91431Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature the temperature being kept constant over time
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/91Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/914Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/9161Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the heat or the thermal flux, i.e. the heat flux
    • B29C66/91641Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the heat or the thermal flux, i.e. the heat flux the heat or the thermal flux being non-constant over time

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Lining Or Joining Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)

Description

  

  Machine pour joindre des feuilles, notamment des feuilles de cellulose.    La présente invention se rapporte à des  machines pour joindre des feuilles, notam  ment des feuilles de cellulose.  



  Les machines auxquelles se rapporte l'in  vention sont surtout utilisées pour fermer des  emballages. Elles comprennent principalement  une paire de mâchoires entre lesquelles les  feuilles qui doivent être jointes sont serrées  et par lesquelles ces feuilles sont déformées.  De préférence, on emploie de la chaleur pour  faire adhérer les feuilles l'une à l'autre; la  façon la plus appropriée de     ehauffer    les  feuilles consiste à utiliser des mâchoires  chauffées.  



  Selon     l'invention,    les faces actives des mâ  choires sont pourvues de saillies et de creux  complémentaires en forme de pyramides.  



       ,Si    chaque mâchoire est la contrepartie de  l'autre, les feuilles qui sont pressées entre les  mâchoires sont amenées en contact intime  l'une avec l'autre dans le voisinage des     mâ-          ehoires    et un joint étanche satisfaisant peut  être assuré entre les feuilles.  



  Dans une forme préférée de l'invention,  les mâchoires sont pourvues d'éléments élec  triques de     chauffage    qui les maintiennent à  la température la plus appropriée pour la  matière sur laquelle on agit. Un interrupteur  à main ou un interrupteur commandé par  un thermostat peut être prévu pour régler la  température.  



  L'aluminium et ses alliages se sont révé  lés des matériaux très satisfaisants pour cons-         tituer    les mâchoires. Ces matériaux, tout en  étant suffisamment résistants pour assurer       une    longue durée aux mâchoires, ont l'avan  tage d'être suffisamment tendres pour rece  voir une impression satisfaisante     d'une    ma  trice en acier taillée avec précision. Leur em  ploi conduit ainsi à une construction     d'iin.     prix de revient économique.  



  La machine selon la présente invention  peut être agencée pour être actionnée à la  main ou au pied ou par un moteur. Les  mâchoires peuvent, par     exemple,    être fermées  par l'action de ressorts et ouvertes à la main  ou au pied, etc., ou vice versa, et maintenues  dans la position ouverte ou dans la position  fermée quand la machine est au repos.  



  Le dessin représente, à titre d'exemple,  deux formes     d'exéeiition    de la présente in  vention.  



       Fig.    1 est une vue en perspective de la  machine prévue pour fonctionner soit à la  main, soit au pied.  



       Fig.    2 est une coupe selon la ligne     II-II     de la     fig.    1.  



       Fig.    3 représente les mâchoires de la ma  chine, séparément et à une plus     grande     échelle, représentées partiellement en coupe  pour montrer leur construction     interne.     



       Fig.        -1    représente, à une plus grande  échelle encore, la forme des saillies et des  creux complémentaires en forme de pyra  mides des mâchoires.           Fig.    5 représente un emballage fermé par  une machine selon l'invention.  



       Fig.    6 et 7 sont des élévations latérales en  coupe d'une machine actionnée par un mo  teur, montrant les mâchoires respectivement  en position fermée et en position ouverte.  



       Fig.    8 est une coupé transversale de  la machine représentée sur la     fig.    6, la  partie de gauche étant prise par la ligne       VIIIA-VIIIA    et la partie droite par la  ligne     VIIIB        VIIIB    de la     fig.    6.  



  La machine représentée sur la     fig.    1 com  prend une plaque de base 10 qui est fixée ou  qui repose sur une table 12, et une partie  mobile 14 qui est montée à pivot sur la base,  en 16. La plaque<B>1.0</B> et la partie mobile 14 sont  pourvues des mâchoires 18 et 20 qui, lorsque  la machine n'est pas employée, sont mainte  nues écartées par un ressort 22 disposé entre  la plaque de base et la partie mobile.  



  Pour amener les mâchoires 18, 20 en con  tact, une poignée 23 est prévue sur la partie  mobile 14. Une tringle 24 est accrochée éga  lement en 26 au côté inférieur de la partie       mobile    14 et passe à travers la base 10 et la  table 12. Son extrémité inférieure est fixée  à une pédale 28, de sorte que la machine  peut être également actionnée avec le pied.  



  Les mâchoires 18 et 20 sont représentées  séparément     sur    les     fig.    3 et 4. Chacune d'elles  est faite d'un profilé en forme     d'U,    30, en alu  minium contenant une résistance électrique  32 encastrée dans de l'amiante 34. Les profi  lés en U 30 sont fixés au moyen de     vis    36  passant dans des trous 36  à des blocs 37,     eux-          mêmes    fixés au moyen de vis 39 à la plaque  de base 10 et à la partie mobile 14 de la ma  chine. Les fils d'alimentation des résistances  32 passent à travers des trous 33 percés près  des extrémités des profilés 30 et sont réunis  en un câble 38     (fig.    1 et 2) se terminant par  une fiche 40.  



  Les faces opposées des mâchoires,     c'est-          à-dire    les bases des profilés en     U    30, sont  représentées en détail à la     fig.    4. On peut  voir que la face supérieure de la mâchoire    inférieure comprend des saillies     pyramidales     carrées 42, juxtaposées et disposées en damier,  tandis que la face inférieure de la mâchoire  supérieure comprend une série similaire de  creux 44, les saillies et les creux étant les  contreparties mâles et femelles les     uns    des  autres. Les saillies représentées présentent un  angle au     sommet,    entre leurs faces opposées,  d'approximativement 90 .

   Les mâchoires sont  disposées de façon que lorsqu'elles sont ame  nées en contact l'une avec l'autre, il se pro  duit un emboîtement parfait des saillies et des  creux, c'est-à-dire que le contact est assuré  entre les faces opposées des mâchoires en tous  points de ces faces.  



  Il est précisé que les mâchoires sont pré  vues de façon que leurs saillies et leurs creux  s'emboîtent, et ce résultat ne peut être obtenu  avec deux mâchoires formées chacune unique  ment de saillies pyramidales. Dans ce dernier  cas, les saillies de l'une des mâchoires pour  raient bien pénétrer dans les espaces compris  entre les saillies de l'autre mâchoire, mais,  même ainsi, il n'y aurait pratiquement pas de  surface de contact continue comme dans le cas  des mâchoires décrites ci-dessus.  



  L'application la plus usuelle de la machine  est la fermeture des emballages de feuilles  de cellulose. Un tel emballage fermé est repré  senté sur la     fig.    5. La jointure des feuilles  de cellulose exige l'emploi de la chaleur. En  conséquence, quand on utilise la machine, le  câble 38 est connecté à une source de courant,       comme    représenté sur la     fig.    1, de sorte que  les mâchoires sont chauffées par les résis  tances 32 qu'elles contiennent. Les deux pelli  cules ou les deux feuilles à joindre sont alors  superposées et placées entre les mâchoires, et  les mâchoires sont fermées comme décrit plus  haut.

   La pression est maintenue pendant un  temps qui dépend de la nature de la matière  travaillée, et il en résulte une déformation et  la jointure des feuilles superposées comme re  présenté sur la     fig.    5, les feuilles jointes ayant  une marge gaufrée commune composée de sail  lies et de creux contigus en forme de pyra  mides. En répétant l'opération tout au long      des marges des feuilles, un emballage parfaite  ment fermé peut être obtenu.  



  La quantité de chaleur nécessaire dépend  de la matière à traiter. Elle peut être réglée  en interrompant et en rétablissant par inter  mittence le courant de chauffage. Un inter  rupteur commandé par thermostat peut être  prévu si on le désire.  



  Les mâchoires ne sont pas nécessairement  en aluminium. L'aluminium est la matière  préférée par le fait que son emploi permet  de fabriquer des mâchoires relativement bon  marché, par matriçage par exemple, étant  donné qu'il est suffisamment tendre pour  recevoir une bonne et nette impression d'une  matrice en acier sous une pression d'environ  2500 kg/cm'. Les matrices nécessaires sont de  construction coûteuse, mais quand elles sont  utilisées avec des ébauches d'aluminium, elles  ont une longue vie et, ainsi, la fabrication  des mâchoires est économique.  



  Quand il est question, par exemple, de la  production en grand des emballages ouverts,  l'emploi d'une machine à joindre ou à fermer  actionnée par un moteur est avantageux. Une  telle machine est décrite, maintenant, en se  rapportant aux     fig.    6 à 8.  



  Cette machine comprend une plaque de  base 10 et une partie mobile 14 montée à pivot  en 16 sur ladite plaque de base. La plaque  de base et la partie mobile comportent des  mâchoires 18 et 20 qui sont maintenues en       position    fermée par une paire de ressorts 22,  comme il sera décrit plus loin en détail. Les  mâchoires sont du même type que celles pré  cédemment décrites.  



  Sur la plaque de base 10 est monté un  moteur électrique 50 qui entraîne un arbre  52 par l'intermédiaire d'un réducteur à engre  nages 54. A chaque extrémité de l'arbre  52 est fixé un pignon 56 qui engrène avec  une roue dentée 58 montée entre deux cames  en forme de disques d'un plus grand diamè  tre. La roue 58 et les disques 60 sont soli  daires et chaque paire de disques repose sur       les    moyeux 62 des pignons 56. Chaque roue  58 est montée excentriquement sur un axe 66    porté par deux bras 68 montés à, pivot en 70  sur la partie mobile 14 de la machine.  Les disques 60 , sont maintenus contre les  moyeux 62 par les ressorts 22 qui butent con  tre les arrêts fixes 72 sur la base 10 et contre  les arrêts réglables 74 qui sont vissés sur les  tringles 76.

   Les tringles 76 passent à travers  les arrêts 72 et sont reliées, par des câbles  78 passant autour des poulies de guidage 80,  aux maillons 82 portés à pivot par les bras 68.  



  Dans la position de repos     (fig.    6), les  mâchoires sont maintenues fermées par les  ressorts 22. Quand le moteur 50 est mis en  marche, l'arbre 52 et le pignon 56 sont     en-          trainés    et     entrainent    la roue 58. Cette der  nière étant montée excentriquement sur les  axes 66, les axes sont obligés de monter et de  descendre quand la roue 58 tourne, et comme  ils sont portés par les bras 68, ceux-ci suivent  un trajet     curviligne    indiqué sur la     fig.    6 par  la ligne pointillée 84.  



  Chacun des axes 66 et le pivot associé 70  portent également un bras 86 en forme de     U     qui, pendant le fonctionnement du moteur,  oscille ainsi entre les positions extrêmes repré  sentées sur les     fig.    6 et 7. Quand il s'élève  de la position représentée sur la     fig.    6, il vient  buter contre un arrêt réglable 88 fixé sur  la partie mobile 14, de sorte que cette der  nière pivote sur ses pivots 16 et que les mâ  choires 18, 20 s'ouvrent contre l'action des  ressorts 22.  



  On peut voir que les ressorts 22 servent à  la fois à fermer les mâchoires et à maintenir  engrenés les pignons 56 et les roues 58. On  peut voir aussi que la force des ressorts peut  être réglée en agissant sur l'arrêt 74 et que  ce réglage conditionne la pression exercée sur  les mâchoires.  



  Le temps pendant lequel les mâchoires  restent ouvertes et fermées pendant un cycle  de la machine peut être modifié en réglant  l'arrêt 88 qui détermine le mouvement à vide  des disques 60.  



  Les mâchoires peuvent être évidemment  chauffées de la même faon que celles de la  machine     phis    simple décrite plus haut.      Comme il a déjà été dit, la qualité du  joint ou de la     fermeture    qui est obtenu avec  les machines selon l'invention résulte de l'em  ploi de mâchoires ayant des saillies et des  creux en forme de pyramides. Il y a cepen  dant un grand nombre de facteurs qui peu  vent influencer le résultat et celui-ci dépend  clans une certaine mesure de la nature de la  matière soumise à l'opération. Des mâchoires  ayant des pyramides dont les angles au som  met entre faces opposées sont droits, d'une  hauteur de 1,2 mm et, par conséquent, d'une  largeur de base de 2,4 mm, ont donné  d'excellents résultats.  



  Une des applications les plus utiles de la  machine est la fabrication d'emballages de  feuilles de cellulose d'une épaisseur d'envi  ron 0,04 mm. D'excellents résultats ont été  obtenus avec cette matière et avec des mâ  choires comportant des pyramides des dimen  sions indiquées précédemment, en maintenant  la température des mâchoires à 130  C envi  ron et en     soiunettant    la matière à une pres  sion     d'environ    1,4     kg/cin2    pendant 6 secondes  environ. Ces données sont citées à titre  d'exemple et peuvent être modifiées considé  rablement.  



  Dans les     deux    formes d'exécution repré  sentées, les deux mâchoires sont munies de  moyens de chauffage; cette disposition assure  un chauffage     régulier    des feuilles à réunir;  pour exécuter     certains    travaux, il peut cepen  dant être suffisant de prévoir des moyens  de chauffage dans     une    des mâchoires     'seule-          ment.     



  On peut également prévoir d'autres dis  positions pour les saillies et creux complémen  taires des mâchoires, notamment des saillies  juxtaposées en pyramides triangulaires régu  lières sur l'une des mâchoires et des creux  complémentaires sur l'autre mâchoire.



  Machine for joining sheets, in particular cellulose sheets. The present invention relates to machines for joining sheets, in particular cellulose sheets.



  The machines to which the invention relates are mainly used for closing packages. They mainly comprise a pair of jaws between which the sheets which are to be joined are clamped and by which these sheets are deformed. Preferably, heat is used to adhere the sheets to each other; the most suitable way to heat the leaves is to use heated jaws.



  According to the invention, the active faces of the jaws are provided with complementary protrusions and hollows in the form of pyramids.



       If each jaw is the counterpart of the other, the sheets which are pressed between the jaws are brought into intimate contact with each other in the vicinity of the jaws and a satisfactory seal can be ensured between the sheets. .



  In a preferred form of the invention, the jaws are provided with electric heating elements which maintain them at the most suitable temperature for the material being acted upon. A hand switch or a thermostat controlled switch may be provided to regulate the temperature.



  Aluminum and its alloys have proved to be very satisfactory materials for constituting the jaws. These materials, while being strong enough to ensure long jaw life, have the advantage of being soft enough to receive a satisfactory impression of a precisely cut steel matrix. Their use thus leads to a construction of iin. economic cost price.



  The machine according to the present invention can be arranged to be actuated by hand or by foot or by a motor. The jaws can, for example, be closed by the action of springs and opened by hand or foot, etc., or vice versa, and held in the open position or in the closed position when the machine is at rest.



  The drawing shows, by way of example, two embodiments of the present invention.



       Fig. 1 is a perspective view of the machine designed to operate either by hand or by foot.



       Fig. 2 is a section along the line II-II of FIG. 1.



       Fig. 3 shows the jaws of the machine, separately and on a larger scale, shown partially in section to show their internal construction.



       Fig. -1 represents, on an even larger scale, the shape of the protrusions and complementary hollows in the form of pyra mids of the jaws. Fig. 5 shows a package closed by a machine according to the invention.



       Fig. 6 and 7 are sectional side elevations of a motor operated machine, showing the jaws in the closed and open position, respectively.



       Fig. 8 is a cross section of the machine shown in FIG. 6, the left part being taken by line VIIIA-VIIIA and the right part by line VIIIB VIIIB of FIG. 6.



  The machine shown in fig. 1 com takes a base plate 10 which is fixed or which rests on a table 12, and a movable part 14 which is pivotally mounted on the base, at 16. The plate <B> 1.0 </B> and the movable part 14 are provided with jaws 18 and 20 which, when the machine is not in use, are kept apart by a spring 22 disposed between the base plate and the movable part.



  To bring the jaws 18, 20 into contact, a handle 23 is provided on the movable part 14. A rod 24 is also hooked at 26 to the lower side of the movable part 14 and passes through the base 10 and the table 12. Its lower end is attached to a pedal 28, so that the machine can also be operated with the foot.



  Jaws 18 and 20 are shown separately in Figs. 3 and 4. Each of them is made of a U-shaped profile, 30, in aluminum containing an electrical resistance 32 embedded in asbestos 34. The U-shaped profiles 30 are fixed by means of screws. 36 passing through holes 36 to blocks 37, themselves fixed by means of screws 39 to the base plate 10 and to the movable part 14 of the machine. The supply wires of the resistors 32 pass through holes 33 drilled near the ends of the profiles 30 and are joined in a cable 38 (fig. 1 and 2) ending in a plug 40.



  The opposite faces of the jaws, that is to say the bases of the U-sections 30, are shown in detail in FIG. 4. It can be seen that the upper face of the lower jaw comprises square pyramidal protrusions 42, juxtaposed and arranged in a checkerboard pattern, while the underside of the upper jaw comprises a similar series of recesses 44, the projections and recesses being the male and female counterparts of each other. The protrusions shown have an apex angle between their opposing faces of approximately 90.

   The jaws are arranged so that when they are brought into contact with each other, a perfect interlocking of the protrusions and the recesses is produced, that is to say that the contact is ensured between the jaws. opposite faces of the jaws at all points of these faces.



  It is specified that the jaws are designed so that their protrusions and their recesses fit together, and this result cannot be obtained with two jaws each formed uniquely of pyramidal protrusions. In the latter case, the protrusions of one of the jaws could well penetrate into the spaces between the protrusions of the other jaw, but, even so, there would be practically no continuous contact surface as in the case of the jaws described above.



  The most common application of the machine is the closure of cellulose sheet packaging. Such a closed package is shown in FIG. 5. The joining of cellulose sheets requires the use of heat. Accordingly, when using the machine, the cable 38 is connected to a current source, as shown in fig. 1, so that the jaws are heated by the resistors 32 which they contain. The two pelli cules or the two sheets to be joined are then superimposed and placed between the jaws, and the jaws are closed as described above.

   The pressure is maintained for a time which depends on the nature of the material worked, and this results in deformation and the joining of the superimposed sheets as shown in fig. 5, the joined leaves having a common embossed margin composed of contiguous sail lies and pyra mid hollows. By repeating the operation throughout the margins of the sheets, a perfectly closed package can be obtained.



  The amount of heat required depends on the material to be treated. It can be adjusted by interrupting and re-establishing the heating current intermittently. A thermostat controlled switch can be provided if desired.



  The jaws are not necessarily aluminum. Aluminum is the preferred material due to the fact that its use makes it possible to manufacture relatively inexpensive jaws, by stamping for example, since it is sufficiently soft to receive a good and clear impression of a steel die under a pressure of about 2500 kg / cm '. The dies required are of expensive construction, but when used with aluminum blanks they have a long life and thus the manufacture of the jaws is economical.



  When it comes to, for example, the large-scale production of open packages, the use of a motor-operated sealing or sealing machine is advantageous. Such a machine is now described with reference to FIGS. 6 to 8.



  This machine comprises a base plate 10 and a movable part 14 pivotally mounted at 16 on said base plate. The base plate and the movable part have jaws 18 and 20 which are held in the closed position by a pair of springs 22, as will be described in detail later. The jaws are of the same type as those previously described.



  On the base plate 10 is mounted an electric motor 50 which drives a shaft 52 by means of a gear reducer 54. At each end of the shaft 52 is fixed a pinion 56 which meshes with a toothed wheel 58. mounted between two cams in the form of disks of a larger diameter. The wheel 58 and the discs 60 are integral and each pair of discs rests on the hubs 62 of the pinions 56. Each wheel 58 is mounted eccentrically on an axis 66 carried by two arms 68 mounted at, pivot 70 on the mobile part 14 of the machine. The discs 60 are held against the hubs 62 by the springs 22 which abut against the fixed stops 72 on the base 10 and against the adjustable stops 74 which are screwed on the rods 76.

   The rods 76 pass through the stops 72 and are connected, by cables 78 passing around the guide pulleys 80, to the links 82 pivotally carried by the arms 68.



  In the rest position (fig. 6), the jaws are kept closed by the springs 22. When the motor 50 is started, the shaft 52 and the pinion 56 are driven and drive the wheel 58. This derivation As it is mounted eccentrically on the axles 66, the axles are forced to move up and down when the wheel 58 turns, and as they are carried by the arms 68, these follow a curvilinear path indicated in FIG. 6 by the dotted line 84.



  Each of the axes 66 and the associated pivot 70 also carry a U-shaped arm 86 which, during operation of the engine, thus oscillates between the extreme positions shown in FIGS. 6 and 7. When it rises from the position shown in FIG. 6, it abuts against an adjustable stop 88 fixed on the movable part 14, so that the latter pivots on its pivots 16 and that the jaws 18, 20 open against the action of the springs 22.



  It can be seen that the springs 22 serve both to close the jaws and to keep the pinions 56 and the wheels 58 in gear. It can also be seen that the force of the springs can be adjusted by acting on the stop 74 and that this adjustment conditions the pressure exerted on the jaws.



  The time that the jaws remain open and closed during a machine cycle can be varied by setting the stop 88 which determines the idle movement of the discs 60.



  The jaws can obviously be heated in the same way as those of the simple phis machine described above. As has already been said, the quality of the seal or of the closure which is obtained with the machines according to the invention results from the use of jaws having protrusions and hollows in the form of pyramids. There are, however, a large number of factors which can influence the result and this depends to some extent on the nature of the material being processed. Jaws having pyramids whose top angles between opposing faces are straight, 1.2mm high, and therefore 2.4mm base width, have given excellent results.



  One of the most useful applications of the machine is the manufacture of cellulose sheet packaging with a thickness of about 0.04 mm. Excellent results have been obtained with this material and with jaws comprising pyramids of the dimensions indicated above, by maintaining the temperature of the jaws at about 130 ° C. and by uniting the material at a pressure of about 1.4. kg / cin2 for about 6 seconds. These data are given as an example and can be changed considerably.



  In the two embodiments shown, the two jaws are provided with heating means; this arrangement ensures regular heating of the sheets to be joined; in order to carry out certain works, however, it may be sufficient to provide heating means in one of the jaws only.



  It is also possible to provide other arrangements for the complementary projections and hollows of the jaws, in particular juxtaposed projections in regular triangular pyramids on one of the jaws and complementary hollows on the other jaw.

 

Claims (1)

REVENDICATION: Machine pour joindre des feuilles, notam ment des feuilles de cellulose, caractérisée en ce qu'elle comprend une paire de mâchoires entre lesquelles les feuilles à joindre sont ser rées, les faces actives desdites mâchoires étant pourvues de@ saillies et de creux complémen taires en forme de pyramides. SOUS-REVENDICATIONS 1. Machine selon la revendication, carac térisée en ce que les faces actives desdites mâchoires sont pourvues lune de saillies juxta posées et l'autre de creux complémentaires. 2. Machine selon la revendication et la sous-revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que lesdites saillies juxtaposées sont des pyramides quadrangulaires disposées en damier. 3. CLAIM: Machine for joining sheets, in particular cellulose sheets, characterized in that it comprises a pair of jaws between which the sheets to be joined are clamped, the active faces of said jaws being provided with protrusions and complementary hollows. silences in the form of pyramids. SUB-CLAIMS 1. Machine according to claim, charac terized in that the active faces of said jaws are provided with one of juxta-placed projections and the other with complementary hollows. 2. Machine according to claim and sub-claim 1, characterized in that said juxtaposed projections are quadrangular pyramids arranged in a checkerboard pattern. 3. Machine selon la revendication et les sous-revendications 1 et 2, caractérisée en ce que lesdites saillies sont des pyramides car rées. 4. Machine selon la revendication et les sous-revendications 1, 2 et 3, caractérisée en ce que lesdites pyramides présentent un angle au somment, entre leurs faces opposées, d'au moins approximativement 90 . 5. Machine selon la revendication, carac térisée en ce que les faces actives desdites mâchoires sont formées par matriçage. 6. Machine selon la revendication et les sous-revendications 1 et 2, caractérisée en ce que les mâchoires susdites sont au moins en partie en aluminium. 7. Machine selon la revendication, carac térisée en ce qu'an moins une desdites mâ choires est pourvue de moyens de chauffage. 8. Machine according to claim and sub-claims 1 and 2, characterized in that said projections are square pyramids. 4. Machine according to claim and sub-claims 1, 2 and 3, characterized in that said pyramids have an angle at the top, between their opposite faces, of at least approximately 90. 5. Machine according to claim, charac terized in that the active faces of said jaws are formed by stamping. 6. Machine according to claim and sub-claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the aforesaid jaws are at least partly made of aluminum. 7. Machine according to claim, charac terized in that at least one of said jaws is provided with heating means. 8. Machine selon la revendication et la sous-revendïcation 7, caractérisée en ce que les moyens de chauffage comprennent une résistance électrique encastrée dans une ma tière isolante. 9. Machine selon la revendication, carac térisée par des moyens élastiques pour l'ac- tionnement des mâchoires susdites dans un sens. 10. Machine selon la revendication et la sous-revendication 9, caractérisée en ce que des moyens de commande à main sont prévus pour fermer les mâchoires contre l'action des moyens élastiques susdits. 11. Machine according to claim and sub-claim 7, characterized in that the heating means comprise an electrical resistance embedded in an insulating material. 9. Machine according to claim, charac terized by resilient means for actuating the aforesaid jaws in one direction. 10. Machine according to claim and sub-claim 9, characterized in that hand control means are provided to close the jaws against the action of the aforesaid elastic means. 11. Machine selon la revendication et la sous-revendication 9, caractérisée en ce que des moyens de commande à pied sont prévus pour fermer les mâchoires contre l'action des moyens élastiques susdits. 12. Machine selon la revendication, carac térisée en ce qu'elle comprend un moteur d'ac- tionnement pour ouvrir lesdites mâchoires contre l'action de moyens élastiques. 1.3. Machine selon la revendication et la sous-revendication 12, caractérisée en ce qu'elle comprend une came agencée de ma- nière à ouvrir les mâchoires. 14. Machine according to claim and sub-claim 9, characterized in that foot control means are provided to close the jaws against the action of the aforesaid elastic means. 12. Machine according to claim, characterized in that it comprises an actuating motor for opening said jaws against the action of elastic means. 1.3. Machine according to claim and sub-claim 12, characterized in that it comprises a cam arranged so as to open the jaws. 14. Machine selon la revendication et les sous-revendications 12 et 13, caractérisée en ce que le temps pendant lequel les mâchoires restent ouvertes et fermées est réglable par des moyens permettant de faire varier le mou vement â vide de la came. Machine according to claim and sub-claims 12 and 13, characterized in that the time during which the jaws remain open and closed is adjustable by means making it possible to vary the idle movement of the cam.
CH264471D 1946-05-30 1947-05-27 Machine for joining sheets, in particular cellulose sheets. CH264471A (en)

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2768272A (en) * 1952-12-24 1956-10-23 Du Pont Apparatus for heat-sealing thermoplastic material
FR2342899A1 (en) * 1976-03-03 1977-09-30 Multivac Haggenmueller Kg SEALING STATION
EP0462348A1 (en) * 1990-06-12 1991-12-27 Gian Domenico Rigon Improvements relating to packaging machines

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2768272A (en) * 1952-12-24 1956-10-23 Du Pont Apparatus for heat-sealing thermoplastic material
FR2342899A1 (en) * 1976-03-03 1977-09-30 Multivac Haggenmueller Kg SEALING STATION
EP0462348A1 (en) * 1990-06-12 1991-12-27 Gian Domenico Rigon Improvements relating to packaging machines

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