CA3235585A1 - Liquid pharmaceutical formulation - Google Patents
Liquid pharmaceutical formulation Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CA3235585A1 CA3235585A1 CA3235585A CA3235585A CA3235585A1 CA 3235585 A1 CA3235585 A1 CA 3235585A1 CA 3235585 A CA3235585 A CA 3235585A CA 3235585 A CA3235585 A CA 3235585A CA 3235585 A1 CA3235585 A1 CA 3235585A1
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- liquid pharmaceutical
- pharmaceutical formulation
- amount
- overall weight
- formulation
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000008194 pharmaceutical composition Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 89
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 83
- 229960002707 bendamustine Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- YTKUWDBFDASYHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N bendamustine Chemical compound ClCCN(CCCl)C1=CC=C2N(C)C(CCCC(O)=O)=NC2=C1 YTKUWDBFDASYHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000008186 active pharmaceutical agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- IDPUKCWIGUEADI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-[bis(2-chloroethyl)amino]uracil Chemical compound ClCCN(CCCl)C1=CNC(=O)NC1=O IDPUKCWIGUEADI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229960004630 chlorambucil Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- JCKYGMPEJWAADB-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorambucil Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCC1=CC=C(N(CCCl)CCCl)C=C1 JCKYGMPEJWAADB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- YQZNKYXGZSVEHI-VXKWHMMOSA-N ethyl (2s)-2-[[(2s)-2-amino-3-[4-[bis(2-chloroethyl)amino]phenyl]propanoyl]amino]-3-(4-fluorophenyl)propanoate Chemical compound C([C@@H](C(=O)OCC)NC(=O)[C@@H](N)CC=1C=CC(=CC=1)N(CCCl)CCCl)C1=CC=C(F)C=C1 YQZNKYXGZSVEHI-VXKWHMMOSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229960001924 melphalan Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- SGDBTWWWUNNDEQ-LBPRGKRZSA-N melphalan Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](N)CC1=CC=C(N(CCCl)CCCl)C=C1 SGDBTWWWUNNDEQ-LBPRGKRZSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229960001055 uracil mustard Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 37
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 claims description 33
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 29
- 229920000858 Cyclodextrin Polymers 0.000 claims description 23
- -1 alkaline earth metal salt Chemical class 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 235000006708 antioxidants Nutrition 0.000 claims description 16
- NLZUEZXRPGMBCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butylhydroxytoluene Chemical compound CC1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=C1 NLZUEZXRPGMBCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- TWBJYCLUHINEDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-[5-[bis(2-chloroethyl)amino]-1-methylbenzimidazol-2-yl]butanoic acid;hydrate;hydrochloride Chemical compound O.Cl.ClCCN(CCCl)C1=CC=C2N(C)C(CCCC(O)=O)=NC2=C1 TWBJYCLUHINEDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- PJUIMOJAAPLTRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N monothioglycerol Chemical compound OCC(O)CS PJUIMOJAAPLTRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229940035024 thioglycerol Drugs 0.000 claims description 5
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acetate Chemical compound CC([O-])=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N Ascorbic acid Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bromide Chemical compound [Br-] CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- 206010028980 Neoplasm Diseases 0.000 claims description 4
- ZTHYODDOHIVTJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propyl gallate Chemical compound CCCOC(=O)C1=CC(O)=C(O)C(O)=C1 ZTHYODDOHIVTJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 159000000007 calcium salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 159000000003 magnesium salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- CWERGRDVMFNCDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N thioglycolic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CS CWERGRDVMFNCDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Lactate Chemical compound CC(O)C([O-])=O JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- 201000011510 cancer Diseases 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004255 Butylated hydroxyanisole Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- RGHNJXZEOKUKBD-SQOUGZDYSA-M D-gluconate Chemical group OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C([O-])=O RGHNJXZEOKUKBD-SQOUGZDYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002307 Dextran Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000010323 ascorbic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 229960005070 ascorbic acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011668 ascorbic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000003289 ascorbyl group Chemical group [H]O[C@@]([H])(C([H])([H])O*)[C@@]1([H])OC(=O)C(O*)=C1O* 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019282 butylated hydroxyanisole Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940043253 butylated hydroxyanisole Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- CZBZUDVBLSSABA-UHFFFAOYSA-N butylated hydroxyanisole Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=C1.COC1=CC=C(O)C=C1C(C)(C)C CZBZUDVBLSSABA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940050410 gluconate Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012669 liquid formulation Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000010388 propyl gallate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000473 propyl gallate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940075579 propyl gallate Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- GEHJYWRUCIMESM-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium sulfite Chemical class [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])=O GEHJYWRUCIMESM-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000010265 sodium sulphite Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011732 tocopherol Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229930003799 tocopherol Natural products 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019149 tocopherols Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000002640 tocopherol group Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 69
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol Chemical compound CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 25
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical compound CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 16
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical group [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 15
- 229920002565 Polyethylene Glycol 400 Polymers 0.000 description 14
- JLFNLZLINWHATN-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentaethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCOCCOCCOCCO JLFNLZLINWHATN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- ODLHGICHYURWBS-LKONHMLTSA-N trappsol cyclo Chemical compound CC(O)COC[C@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H]1O)O)O[C@H]2O[C@@H]([C@@H](O[C@H]3O[C@H](COCC(C)O)[C@H]([C@@H]([C@H]3O)O)O[C@H]3O[C@H](COCC(C)O)[C@H]([C@@H]([C@H]3O)O)O[C@H]3O[C@H](COCC(C)O)[C@H]([C@@H]([C@H]3O)O)O[C@H]3O[C@H](COCC(C)O)[C@H]([C@@H]([C@H]3O)O)O3)[C@H](O)[C@H]2O)COCC(O)C)O[C@@H]1O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]3O[C@@H]1COCC(C)O ODLHGICHYURWBS-LKONHMLTSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 239000001110 calcium chloride Substances 0.000 description 13
- 229910001628 calcium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
- 235000011148 calcium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 13
- DTQVDTLACAAQTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trifluoroacetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(F)(F)F DTQVDTLACAAQTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 12
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 12
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 10
- ZHSKUOZOLHMKEA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-[5-[bis(2-chloroethyl)amino]-1-methylbenzimidazol-2-yl]butanoic acid;hydron;chloride Chemical compound Cl.ClCCN(CCCl)C1=CC=C2N(C)C(CCCC(O)=O)=NC2=C1 ZHSKUOZOLHMKEA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 9
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 8
- 150000004682 monohydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- 239000008213 purified water Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229960001215 bendamustine hydrochloride Drugs 0.000 description 7
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 description 7
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylpyrrolidone Chemical compound CN1CCCC1=O SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000004007 reversed phase HPLC Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229960005069 calcium Drugs 0.000 description 5
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000004128 high performance liquid chromatography Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229920001213 Polysorbate 20 Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 125000004433 nitrogen atom Chemical group N* 0.000 description 4
- 239000000256 polyoxyethylene sorbitan monolaurate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000010486 polyoxyethylene sorbitan monolaurate Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 235000013772 propylene glycol Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 4
- WVDDGKGOMKODPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzyl alcohol Chemical compound OCC1=CC=CC=C1 WVDDGKGOMKODPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- BHPQYMZQTOCNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium cation Chemical compound [Ca+2] BHPQYMZQTOCNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- DKGAVHZHDRPRBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tert-Butanol Chemical compound CC(C)(C)O DKGAVHZHDRPRBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910001424 calcium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000824 cytostatic agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001085 cytostatic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000634 powder X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- CTPDSKVQLSDPLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(oxolan-2-ylmethoxy)ethanol Chemical compound OCCOCC1CCCO1 CTPDSKVQLSDPLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000001763 2-hydroxyethyl(trimethyl)azanium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019743 Choline chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical group Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium chloride Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Cl-].[Cl-] TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium oxide Chemical compound [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical class OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920002556 Polyethylene Glycol 300 Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006136 alcoholysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003125 aqueous solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000007853 buffer solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229960002713 calcium chloride Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 229940050560 calcium chloride anhydrous Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- SGMZJAMFUVOLNK-UHFFFAOYSA-M choline chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].C[N+](C)(C)CCO SGMZJAMFUVOLNK-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 229960003178 choline chloride Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003480 eluent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- DKAGJZJALZXOOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrate;hydrochloride Chemical compound O.Cl DKAGJZJALZXOOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000003840 hydrochlorides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 2
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000007529 inorganic bases Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001990 intravenous administration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000007522 mineralic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000010413 mother solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010647 peptide synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229940068918 polyethylene glycol 400 Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 229940068977 polysorbate 20 Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003755 preservative agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012797 qualification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 210000002966 serum Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 238000012430 stability testing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011550 stock solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000008215 water for injection Substances 0.000 description 2
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-GSVOUGTGSA-N (R)-(-)-Propylene glycol Chemical compound C[C@@H](O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-GSVOUGTGSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CGHIBGNXEGJPQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-hexyne Chemical compound CCCCC#C CGHIBGNXEGJPQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HCSBTDBGTNZOAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3-dinitrobenzoic acid Chemical class OC(=O)C1=CC=CC([N+]([O-])=O)=C1[N+]([O-])=O HCSBTDBGTNZOAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IKCLCGXPQILATA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-chlorobenzoic acid Chemical class OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1Cl IKCLCGXPQILATA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-KVTDHHQDSA-N D-Mannitol Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-KVTDHHQDSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AEMRFAOFKBGASW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycolic acid Chemical class OCC(O)=O AEMRFAOFKBGASW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen bromide Chemical compound Br CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930195725 Mannitol Natural products 0.000 description 1
- ILUJQPXNXACGAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-methylsalicylic acid Chemical class COC1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O ILUJQPXNXACGAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- IGVPBCZDHMIOJH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenyl butyrate Chemical class CCCC(=O)OC1=CC=CC=C1 IGVPBCZDHMIOJH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propionic acid Chemical class CCC(O)=O XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfurous acid Chemical class OS(O)=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001242 acetic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001252 acrylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001420 alkaline earth metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229940100198 alkylating agent Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000002168 alkylating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002152 alkylating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001558 benzoic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000019445 benzyl alcohol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-M bisulphate group Chemical group S([O-])(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 150000001649 bromium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000872 buffer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011095 buffer preparation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008364 bulk solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001622 calcium bromide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WGEFECGEFUFIQW-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dibromide Chemical compound [Ca+2].[Br-].[Br-] WGEFECGEFUFIQW-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000013522 chelant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003841 chloride salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001805 chlorine compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- OEYIOHPDSNJKLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N choline Chemical compound C[N+](C)(C)CCO OEYIOHPDSNJKLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001860 citric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000003776 cleavage reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 231100000433 cytotoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000001472 cytotoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000005534 decanoate group Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003599 detergent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011180 diphosphates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000010494 dissociation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005593 dissociations Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011152 fibreglass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005292 fiolax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004675 formic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003574 free electron Substances 0.000 description 1
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-L fumarate(2-) Chemical class [O-]C(=O)\C=C\C([O-])=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229940093915 gynecological organic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- MNWFXJYAOYHMED-UHFFFAOYSA-N heptanoic acid Chemical class CCCCCCC(O)=O MNWFXJYAOYHMED-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001802 infusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005764 inhibitory process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004694 iodide salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000008040 ionic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- KQNPFQTWMSNSAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N isobutyric acid Chemical class CC(C)C(O)=O KQNPFQTWMSNSAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003893 lactate salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 231100000053 low toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001629 magnesium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002688 maleic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002690 malonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000594 mannitol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010355 mannitol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000000873 masking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- HAWPXGHAZFHHAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N mechlorethamine Chemical class ClCCN(C)CCCl HAWPXGHAZFHHAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000005341 metaphosphate group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- AFVFQIVMOAPDHO-UHFFFAOYSA-M methanesulfonate group Chemical class CS(=O)(=O)[O-] AFVFQIVMOAPDHO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- QPJVMBTYPHYUOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl benzoate Chemical class COC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 QPJVMBTYPHYUOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- PSZYNBSKGUBXEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphthalene-1-sulfonic acid Chemical class C1=CC=C2C(S(=O)(=O)O)=CC=CC2=C1 PSZYNBSKGUBXEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KVBGVZZKJNLNJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphthalene-2-sulfonic acid Chemical class C1=CC=CC2=CC(S(=O)(=O)O)=CC=C21 KVBGVZZKJNLNJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WWZKQHOCKIZLMA-UHFFFAOYSA-M octanoate Chemical class CCCCCCCC([O-])=O WWZKQHOCKIZLMA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 235000005985 organic acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000007530 organic bases Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- PXQPEWDEAKTCGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N orotic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC(=O)NC(=O)N1 PXQPEWDEAKTCGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003891 oxalate salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000825 pharmaceutical preparation Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003186 pharmaceutical solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- DYUMLJSJISTVPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenyl propanoate Chemical class CCC(=O)OC1=CC=CC=C1 DYUMLJSJISTVPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WLJVXDMOQOGPHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenylacetic acid Chemical class OC(=O)CC1=CC=CC=C1 WLJVXDMOQOGPHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000021317 phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000003013 phosphoric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000005498 phthalate group Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229940068886 polyethylene glycol 300 Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- KCXFHTAICRTXLI-UHFFFAOYSA-N propane-1-sulfonic acid Chemical class CCCS(O)(=O)=O KCXFHTAICRTXLI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UORVCLMRJXCDCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N propynoic acid Chemical class OC(=O)C#C UORVCLMRJXCDCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004366 reverse phase liquid chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007363 ring formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- YGSDEFSMJLZEOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N salicylic acid Chemical class OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1O YGSDEFSMJLZEOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007017 scission Effects 0.000 description 1
- CXMXRPHRNRROMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N sebacic acid Chemical class OC(=O)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O CXMXRPHRNRROMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003384 small molecules Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- RNVYQYLELCKWAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N solketal Chemical compound CC1(C)OCC(CO)O1 RNVYQYLELCKWAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007614 solvation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- TYFQFVWCELRYAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N suberic acid Chemical class OC(=O)CCCCCCC(O)=O TYFQFVWCELRYAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003890 succinate salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-L sulfite Chemical class [O-]S([O-])=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 125000001273 sulfonato group Chemical class [O-]S(*)(=O)=O 0.000 description 1
- 150000003467 sulfuric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003892 tartrate salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- UWHCKJMYHZGTIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCOCCOCCO UWHCKJMYHZGTIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012795 verification Methods 0.000 description 1
- GDJZZWYLFXAGFH-UHFFFAOYSA-M xylenesulfonate group Chemical group C1(C(C=CC=C1)C)(C)S(=O)(=O)[O-] GDJZZWYLFXAGFH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- QUEDXNHFTDJVIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N γ-tocopherol Chemical class OC1=C(C)C(C)=C2OC(CCCC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(C)C)(C)CCC2=C1 QUEDXNHFTDJVIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
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- A61K31/19—Carboxylic acids, e.g. valproic acid
- A61K31/195—Carboxylic acids, e.g. valproic acid having an amino group
- A61K31/196—Carboxylic acids, e.g. valproic acid having an amino group the amino group being directly attached to a ring, e.g. anthranilic acid, mefenamic acid, diclofenac, chlorambucil
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- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/185—Acids; Anhydrides, halides or salts thereof, e.g. sulfur acids, imidic, hydrazonic or hydroximic acids
- A61K31/19—Carboxylic acids, e.g. valproic acid
- A61K31/195—Carboxylic acids, e.g. valproic acid having an amino group
- A61K31/197—Carboxylic acids, e.g. valproic acid having an amino group the amino and the carboxyl groups being attached to the same acyclic carbon chain, e.g. gamma-aminobutyric acid [GABA], beta-alanine, epsilon-aminocaproic acid or pantothenic acid
- A61K31/198—Alpha-amino acids, e.g. alanine or edetic acid [EDTA]
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
- A61K31/41—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having five-membered rings with two or more ring hetero atoms, at least one of which being nitrogen, e.g. tetrazole
- A61K31/4164—1,3-Diazoles
- A61K31/4184—1,3-Diazoles condensed with carbocyclic rings, e.g. benzimidazoles
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- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
- A61K31/495—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with two or more nitrogen atoms as the only ring heteroatoms, e.g. piperazine or tetrazines
- A61K31/505—Pyrimidines; Hydrogenated pyrimidines, e.g. trimethoprim
- A61K31/513—Pyrimidines; Hydrogenated pyrimidines, e.g. trimethoprim having oxo groups directly attached to the heterocyclic ring, e.g. cytosine
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
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- A61K47/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient
- A61K47/02—Inorganic compounds
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- A61K47/06—Organic compounds, e.g. natural or synthetic hydrocarbons, polyolefins, mineral oil, petrolatum or ozokerite
- A61K47/08—Organic compounds, e.g. natural or synthetic hydrocarbons, polyolefins, mineral oil, petrolatum or ozokerite containing oxygen, e.g. ethers, acetals, ketones, quinones, aldehydes, peroxides
- A61K47/10—Alcohols; Phenols; Salts thereof, e.g. glycerol; Polyethylene glycols [PEG]; Poloxamers; PEG/POE alkyl ethers
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- A61K47/20—Organic compounds, e.g. natural or synthetic hydrocarbons, polyolefins, mineral oil, petrolatum or ozokerite containing sulfur, e.g. dimethyl sulfoxide [DMSO], docusate, sodium lauryl sulfate or aminosulfonic acids
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- A61K47/36—Polysaccharides; Derivatives thereof, e.g. gums, starch, alginate, dextrin, hyaluronic acid, chitosan, inulin, agar or pectin
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Abstract
The invention relates to a liquid pharmaceutical formulation, being essentially free of water, comprising a) at least one active pharmaceutical ingredient, selected from the -group consisting of Bendamustine, Melphalan, Melflufen, Chlorambucil and Uramustine; b) at least one crystallization inhibitor; c) a solvent according to formula (I) and d) at least one pharmaceutically acceptable alkaline earth metal.
Description
Liquid pharmaceutical formulation TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
[001] The invention relates to a liquid pharmaceutical formulation, being essentially free of water, comprising a) at least one active pharmaceutical ingredient, selected from the group consisting of Bendamustine, Melphalan, Melflufen, Chlorambucil and Uramustine;
b) one or more crystallization inhibitor(s); c) a solvent according to formula (I) and d) at least one pharmaceutically acceptable alkaline earth metal.
BACKGROUND ART
[001] The invention relates to a liquid pharmaceutical formulation, being essentially free of water, comprising a) at least one active pharmaceutical ingredient, selected from the group consisting of Bendamustine, Melphalan, Melflufen, Chlorambucil and Uramustine;
b) one or more crystallization inhibitor(s); c) a solvent according to formula (I) and d) at least one pharmaceutically acceptable alkaline earth metal.
BACKGROUND ART
[002] Certain pharmaceutical ingredients are degradable e.g. due to hydrolysis. An exemplary group of degradable pharmaceutical ingredients are alkylating agents which are used for the treatment of various cancers. One substance of this group, for example is Bendamustine.
Bendamustine comprises an alkylating ¨N((CH2)2C1)2 group, which undergoes rapid hydrolysis, by substitution of the chloride groups, to the corresponding mono- and di-hydroxy compounds.
The hydrolysis of Bendamustine in water takes place in hours, therefore a solution of Bendamustine is not suitable for long term storage. Bendamustine is commercially available as powder in lyophilized form as TreandaT". While the lyophilized form exhibits good chemical stability, with implications of chemical stability. Thus, efforts have been made to stabilize Bendamustine in liquid pharmaceutical formulations, which may be stored for longer time.
Bendamustine comprises an alkylating ¨N((CH2)2C1)2 group, which undergoes rapid hydrolysis, by substitution of the chloride groups, to the corresponding mono- and di-hydroxy compounds.
The hydrolysis of Bendamustine in water takes place in hours, therefore a solution of Bendamustine is not suitable for long term storage. Bendamustine is commercially available as powder in lyophilized form as TreandaT". While the lyophilized form exhibits good chemical stability, with implications of chemical stability. Thus, efforts have been made to stabilize Bendamustine in liquid pharmaceutical formulations, which may be stored for longer time.
[003] In this respect, W02011/094565 discloses a formulation for long term storage including bendamustine or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof; a pharmaceutically acceptable fluid including polyethylene glycol PEG, propylene glycol (PG) and a stabilizing amount of an antioxidant such as thioglycerol. Another formulation includes bendamustine or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof; a pharmaceutically acceptable fluid including polyethylene glycol PEG), propylene glycol (PG), ethanol, benzyl alcohol and glycofurol and a chloride salt such as sodium chloride, choline chloride, and hydrochloride salts of amino acids.
[004] WO 2013/112762 Al deals with aqueous Bendamustine formulations with improved stability. These comprise a mixture of a non-aqueous solvent system and an aqueous chloride-containing water phase The non-aqueous solvent may comprise propylene glycol or polyethylene glycol and optionally antioxidants and preservatives such as thioglycerol.
[005] It has been disclosed in WO 2019/185859 that the inventive pharmaceutical formulation therein is suitable to stabilize easy degradable active pharmaceutical ingredients in comparison to samples which did not comprise at least one pharmaceutically acceptable alkaline earth metal salt. An embodiment wherein the alkaline earth metal salt is CaCl2 proved to be particularly effective for stabilizing easy degradable active pharmaceutical ingredients. Further, the inventive pharmaceutical formulations disclosed therein reduce or prevent color change indicating degradation during storage, in particular in comparison with other pharmaceutical formulations for the same purpose of stabilizing degradable active pharmaceutical ingredients, known in the art. Unlike organic preservatives and antioxidants the addition of alkaline earth metal salts from calcium or magnesia in the amounts described therein are regarded as physiologically safe and do not require any verification. For example, in contrast to the formulation as disclosed in W02011/094565, the pharmaceutical formulation of the present invention does not require the presence of toxic thioglycerol as antioxidant.
[006] Polyethylene glycoles, in particular PEG400, have been found as particular useful solvents for the pharmaceutical formulation of WO 2019/185859, with earth alkali metal salts as stabilisators, in this regard , due to high solubility, a low amount of hydroxyl groups which could cause alcoholysis of Bendamustine, and extreme low toxicity. However, while commercially available Bendamustine was initially very well soluble in polyethylene glycoles in the applied amounts, after a certain time of storage of the formulation, precipitation/crystallization of an unknown compound has been observed which is undesirable for a pharmaceutical formulation.
Thus, there is a need for further stabilizing the formulations of WO
2019/185859 with polyethylene glycols as solvent in order to prevent the observed precipitation/crystallization during storage.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
Thus, there is a need for further stabilizing the formulations of WO
2019/185859 with polyethylene glycols as solvent in order to prevent the observed precipitation/crystallization during storage.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[007] The invention relates to a liquid pharmaceutical formulation, being essentially free of water, comprising a) at least one active pharmaceutical ingredient, selected from the group consisting of Bendamustine, Melphalan, Melflufen, Chlorambucil and Uramustine;
b) at least one crystallization inhibitor selected from the group consisting of (2-HydroxypropyI)-p-cyclodextrin and DMSO;
c) a polyethylene glycol solvent according to formula (I) - n (I) wherein n is 350 to 500
b) at least one crystallization inhibitor selected from the group consisting of (2-HydroxypropyI)-p-cyclodextrin and DMSO;
c) a polyethylene glycol solvent according to formula (I) - n (I) wherein n is 350 to 500
8 ; and d) at least one pharmaceutically acceptable alkaline earth metal.
[008] Further, the invention is directed to the pharmaceutical formulation for use in medicine as well as to the pharmaceutical formulation for use in the treatment of cancer.
[008] Further, the invention is directed to the pharmaceutical formulation for use in medicine as well as to the pharmaceutical formulation for use in the treatment of cancer.
[009] Commercially available Bendamustinehydrochlorid essentially always is in the form of its monohydrate. This monohydrate is well soluble in polyethylenglycole in the applied amounts. It has now been found, that the commercially available bendamustine, is losing this crystal water in the solution over time. The resulting Bendamustine without crystal water obviously has a lower solubility in polyethylengylcoles than the Bendamustine with crystal water and precipitates/crystallizes out as a result. It has been found that this issue can be overcome by adding at least one crystallization inhibitor selected from the group consisting of (2-HydroxypropyI)-(3-cyclodextrin and DMSO.
DESCRIPTION OF FIGURES
DESCRIPTION OF FIGURES
[0010] Figure 1 shows Bendamustine crystals formed in a PEG400 solution.
[0011] Figure 2: Diffractogram of crystallized crystals such as shown in Figure 1. Comparison with a diffractogram of Bendamustine hydochlorid monohydrate shows that these are not identical and indeed the crystallized crystals are not Bendamustine hydochlorid monohydrate.
[0012] Figure 3: Package analysis of Bendamustine HCI Form I and calculated diffractogram (3A).
[0013] Figure 4: Package analysis of Bendamustine HCI Monohydrate Form II and calculated diffractogram (4A).
[0014] Figure 5: Bendamustine crystals in a HPBCD-free formulation after 6 months at 40 'C
(WP14 formulation #1).
(WP14 formulation #1).
[0015] DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
[0016] The solution of the present invention is described in the following, exemplified in the appended examples, illustrated in the Figures and reflected in the claims.
[0017] The present invention provides a liquid pharmaceutical formulation, being essentially free of water, comprising a) at least one active pharmaceutical ingredient, selected from the group consisting of Bendamustine, Melphalan, Melflufen, Chlorambucil and Uramustine:
b) at least crystallization inhibitor selected from the group consisting of (2-HydroxypropyI)-13-cyclodextrin and DMSO;
c) a polyethylene glycol solvent according to formula (I) H H
- n (I) wherein n is 350 to 500 and d) at least one pharmaceutically acceptable alkaline earth metal.
b) at least crystallization inhibitor selected from the group consisting of (2-HydroxypropyI)-13-cyclodextrin and DMSO;
c) a polyethylene glycol solvent according to formula (I) H H
- n (I) wherein n is 350 to 500 and d) at least one pharmaceutically acceptable alkaline earth metal.
[0018] In the context of the present invention, "essentially free of water"
means a water content below 5 % (w/w), preferably below 2 % (w/w), more preferably below 1 % (w/w), most preferably below 0.5 A (w/w).
means a water content below 5 % (w/w), preferably below 2 % (w/w), more preferably below 1 % (w/w), most preferably below 0.5 A (w/w).
[0019] The at least one active pharmaceutical ingredient, selected from the group consisting of Bendamustine, Melphalan, Melflufen, Chlorambucil and Uramustine. Preferably, the at least one active pharmaceutical ingredient is Bendamustine.
[0020] The term "active pharmaceutical ingredient" also includes the presence of the active pharmaceutical ingredient as listed above in the form of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, thereof.
[0021] A pharmaceutically acceptable salt" is intended to mean a salt that retains the biological effectiveness of the free acids and bases of the specified compound and that is not biologically or otherwise undesirable. A compound of the invention may possess a sufficiently acidic, a sufficiently basic, or both functional groups, and accordingly react with any of a number of inorganic or organic bases, and inorganic and organic acids, to form a pharmaceutically acceptable salt. Exemplary pharmaceutically acceptable salts include those salts prepared by reaction of the compounds of the present invention with a mineral or organic acid or an inorganic base, such as salts including sulfates, pyrosulfates, bisulfates, sulfites, bisulfites, phosphates, monohydrogenphosphates, dihydrogenphosphates, metaphosphates, pyrophosphates, chlorides, bromides, iodides, acetates, propionates, decanoates, caprylates, acrylates, formates, isobutyrates, caproates, heptanoates, propiolates, oxalates, malonates, succinates, suberates, sebacates, fumarates, maleates, butyne-1,4- dioates, hexyne-=1,6-dioates, benzoates, chlorobenzoates, methylbenzoates, dinitrobenzoates, hydroxybenzoates, methoxybenzoates, phthalates, sulfonates, xylenesulfonates, phenylacetates, phenylpropionates, phenyl butyrates, citrates, lactates, y-hydroxybutyrates, glycolates, tartrates, methane-sulfonates, propanesulfonates, naphthalene-1-sulfonates, naphthalene-2-sulfonates, and mandelates.
[0022] Preferably, the active pharmaceutical ingredient is present in the form of hydrochloride and/or hydrate, more preferably in the form of a hydrochloride and/or monohydrate,
[0023] In one embodiment the active pharmaceutical ingredient is Bendamustine hydrochloride monohydrate.
[0024] In one embodiment the preparation of the formulation comprises solving Bendamustine hydrochloride monohydrate in the solvent c). This does not exclude the possibility that Bendamustine hydrochloride monohydrate is converted after a certain time into other modifications of Bendamustine, such as anhydrous Bendamustine or anhydrous Bendamustine hydrochloride.
[0025] Hydrolysis in the context of the invention means cleavage of one or more bonds by addition of at least one water or alcohol (HO-R) molecule or replacement of a functional group by a hydroxyl group originating from the water molecule. The hydrolysis may include formation of small molecules formed of protons originating from the water or alcohol molecule attached and the group which has been released is for example HCI or HBr.
[0026] Degradation of nitrogen mustards (ternary 2,2'-dichloroalkylamines) is supposed to take place via the formation of a reactive three-member cyclic intermediate towards mono and dihydroxyl products (e.g. hydrolysis or alcoholysis). To start this reaction a free election pair at the nitrogen atom has to be accessible. The presence of positively charged calcium (or other alkaline earth metal) ions reduces the accessibility of the partial negatively charged election pair at the nitrogen atom by charge interactions between the calcium ion and the free electron pair.
By masking the said electron pair at the nitrogen atom with calcium ions the cyclization reaction is slowed down or completely blocked resulting in a demonstrable stabilizing effect on nitrogen-mustard compounds:
Ca2+
Cl I
By masking the said electron pair at the nitrogen atom with calcium ions the cyclization reaction is slowed down or completely blocked resulting in a demonstrable stabilizing effect on nitrogen-mustard compounds:
Ca2+
Cl I
[0027] The stabilizing effect is depending on the capability of the alkaline earth metal ion to undergo charge interactions to the election pair at the nitrogen atom. Thus, the degree of dissociation and solvation of the alkaline earth metal salt within the organic solvent and the cation itself (calcium, magnesium or others) as well as the counterion (chloride, bromide, acetate, etc.) have an influence on the extent of stabilization: e.g. CaBr2 shows less effective stabilization compared to CaCl2, caused by the higher atomic radius of bromide compared to chloride. The stabilizing effect of chloride itself without an alkaline earth metal cation (e.g.
choline chloride: (2-hydroxyethyl)-trimethylammonium) is shown to be negligible.
choline chloride: (2-hydroxyethyl)-trimethylammonium) is shown to be negligible.
[0028] Preferably, the concentration of the at least one degradable active pharmaceutical ingredient in the formulation is 1 to 200 mg/g, more preferably 5 to 150 mg/g, even more preferably 10 to 100 mg/g, most preferably 20 to 40 mg/g based on the overall weight of the formulation.
[0029] Preferably, the at least one degradable active pharmaceutical ingredient in the formulation is present in a weight of 1 to 3.5 % (w/w), preferably 1.5 to 3 %
(w/w), more preferably 2.16 to 2.59 % (w/w), most preferably 2 to 2.5 % (w/w) based on the overall amount of the liquid pharmaceutical formulation.
(w/w), more preferably 2.16 to 2.59 % (w/w), most preferably 2 to 2.5 % (w/w) based on the overall amount of the liquid pharmaceutical formulation.
[0030] The at least one crystallization inhibitor is selected from the group consisting of (2-Hydroxypropy1)13-cyclodextrin and DMSO (dimethyl sulfoxide), preferably (2-HydroxypropyI)4-cyclodextrin is present in the liquid pharmaceutical formulation. (2-Hydroxypropy1)-13-cyclodextrin and DMSO (dimethyl sulfoxide) may be applied in combination.
[0031] In one embodiment, the at least one crystallization inhibitor is present in the liquid pharmaceutical formulation in an amount of or at least in an amount of 0.5 to 5 % (w/w), preferably 0.7 to 4.3 % (w/w), more preferably 1 to 4 % (w/w) based on the amount of the overall weight of the liquid pharmaceutical formulation.
[0032] In one embodiment, the at least one crystallization inhibitor is present in the liquid pharmaceutical formulation in an amount of or at least in an amount of 0.8 to 3 % (w/w), preferably 0.85 to 2 % (w/w), more preferably 1 % (w/w) based on the amount of the overall weight of the liquid pharmaceutical formulation.
[0033] In one embodiment, the at least one crystallization inhibitor is present in the liquid pharmaceutical formulation in an amount of or at least in an amount of 1.5 to 3.5 A) (w/w), preferably 1.8 to 2.5 % (w/w), more preferably 2 % (w/w) based on the amount of the overall weight of the liquid pharmaceutical formulation.
[0034] In one embodiment, the at least one crystallization inhibitor is present in the liquid pharmaceutical formulation in an amount of or at least in an amount of 2.5 to 4.5 % (w/w), preferably 2.8 to 3.5 % (w/w), more preferably 3 % (w/w) based on the amount of the overall weight of the liquid pharmaceutical formulation.
[0035] In one embodiment, the at least one crystallization inhibitor is present in the liquid pharmaceutical formulation in an amount of or at least in an amount of 3.5 to 5 % (w/w), preferably 3.8 to 4.5 `'./0 (w/w), more preferably 4 % (w/w) based on the amount of the overall weight of the liquid pharmaceutical formulation.
[0036] In one embodiment, the at least one crystallization inhibitor is present in the liquid pharmaceutical formulation in an amount of or at least in an amount of 5 to 15 % (w/w), preferably 7 to 12 % (w/w), more preferably 10 % (w/w) based on the amount of the overall weight of the liquid pharmaceutical formulation.
[0037] The solvent is a polyethylene glycol solvent according to formula (I).
- n (I) wherein n is 350 to 500, preferably 390 to 430, more preferably 400. The polyethylene glycol solvent should preferably liquid at ambient temperature. Wherein ambient temperature is 18 to 28 C.
- n (I) wherein n is 350 to 500, preferably 390 to 430, more preferably 400. The polyethylene glycol solvent should preferably liquid at ambient temperature. Wherein ambient temperature is 18 to 28 C.
[0038] Preferably the solvent is PEG400.
[0039] Preferably the solvent is a pharmaceutically acceptable.
[0040] Preferably, the solvent according to formula (I) represents at least 90 % (w/w), more preferably at least 95 % (w/w), most preferably at least 98 % (w/w), most preferably at least 100 % (w/w) of the solvents based on the overall weight of all solvents present in the liquid pharmaceutical formulation.
[0041] The at least one pharmaceutically acceptable alkaline earth metal salt may be any pharmaceutically acceptable alkaline earth metal known to the person skilled in the art. In the context of the present invention, "alkaline earth metal salt" means any ionic compound, including coordination complexes and chelate complexes of an alkaline earth metal.
[0042] Preferably the at least one alkaline earth metal salt is a calcium or a magnesium salt.
More preferably a calcium salt. Preferably the anion of the at least one alkaline earth metal salt is gluconate, chloride, bromide, acetate, orotate or lactate more preferably chloride, acetate or lactate, most preferably chloride.
More preferably a calcium salt. Preferably the anion of the at least one alkaline earth metal salt is gluconate, chloride, bromide, acetate, orotate or lactate more preferably chloride, acetate or lactate, most preferably chloride.
[0043] Most preferably the at least one pharmaceutically acceptable alkaline earth metal salt is calcium chloride or magnesium chloride, particularly preferred calcium chloride.
[0044] The at least one pharmaceutically acceptable alkaline earth metal salt is preferably present in a concentration of 0.1 to 3 mol/L, more preferably 0.1 to 1.5 mol/L, even more preferred 0.3 to 1.5 mol/L, particular preferred 0.7 to 1.1 mol/L, more particular preferred 0.1 to 1.0 mol/L, most particular preferred 0.8 to 1.0 mol/L, especially preferred 0.1 to 0.5 mol/L based on the overall volume of the liquid formulation.
[0045] In a further embodiment, the at least one pharmaceutically acceptable alkaline earth metal salt is preferably present in a weight of 1 to 4 % (w/w), preferably 2 to 3 A) (w/w), more preferably 2.5 % (w/w) based on the amount of the overall weight of the liquid pharmaceutical formulation.
[0046] The at least one pharmaceutically acceptable alkaline earth metal salt in the said concentrations is preferably completely dissolved in the pharmaceutically acceptable organic solvent resulting in a clear pharmaceutical solution.
[0047] The liquid pharmaceutical formulation may comprise further additional ingredients known to the person skilled in the art. These may comprise for example buffers, detergents, antioxidants and others.
[0048] The liquid pharmaceutical formulation may further comprise an antioxidant. Preferably the antioxidant is selected from the group consisting of Thioglycerol, Butylhydroxytoluene, Thioglycolic Acid, Ascorbic Acid, Ascorbyl PaImitate, Sodium Sulfites, Butylated Hydroxyanisole, Propyl Gallate, Tocopherols more preferably the antioxidant is Butylhydroxytoluene.
[0049] Preferably, the amount of antioxidant is 0.01 to 0.1 % (w/w), more preferably 0.03 to 0.07 % (w/w), most preferably 0.05 A (w/w) based on the overall weight of the liquid pharmaceutical formulation.
[0050] In one embodiment, the liquid pharmaceutical formulation does not comprise dextran.
[0051] In one embodiment, of the liquid pharmaceutical formulation a) the at least one active pharmaceutical ingredient is present in a weight of 1 to 3.5 A (w/w), preferably 1.5 to 3 % (w/w), most preferably 2 to 2.5 A.
(w/w) based on the overall amount of the liquid pharmaceutical formulation; and b) the crystallization inhibitor is present in a weight of i) 0.8 to 3 % (w/w), preferably 0.85 to 2 % (w/w), more preferably 1 % (w/w) based on the amount of the overall weight of the liquid pharmaceutical formulation; or ii) 1.5 to 3.5 A (w/w), preferably 1.8 to 2.5 % (w/w), more preferably 2 %
(w/w) based on the amount of the overall weight of the liquid pharmaceutical formulation; or iii) 2.5 to 4.5 % (w/w), preferably 2.8 to 3.5 % (w/w), more preferably 3 %
(w/w) based on the amount of the overall weight of the liquid pharmaceutical formulation; or iv) 3.5 to 5 % (w/w), preferably 3.8 to 4.5 % (w/w), more preferably 4 % (w/w) based on the amount of the overall weight of the liquid pharmaceutical formulation; and d) the pharmaceutically acceptable alkaline earth metal salt selected from the group consisting of a calcium and a magnesium salt, preferably a calcium salt is present in a weight of 1 to 4 %
(w/w), preferably 2 to 3 % (w/w), more preferably 2.5 % (w/w) based on the amount of the overall weight of the liquid pharmaceutical formulation; and e) optionally an antioxidant is present in an amount of 0.01 to 0.1 % (w/w), preferably 0.03 to 0.07 A. (w/w), more preferably 0.05 % (w/w) based on the overall weight of the liquid pharmaceutical formulation; and c) the amount of solvent present in the overall liquid pharmaceutical formulation corresponds to:
100 A) (w/w) subtracted by the sum of the amounts of a), b), d) and e) or the sum of the amounts of a), b), d), e) and any further ingredient present in the overall liquid pharmaceutical formulation as defined above.
(w/w) based on the overall amount of the liquid pharmaceutical formulation; and b) the crystallization inhibitor is present in a weight of i) 0.8 to 3 % (w/w), preferably 0.85 to 2 % (w/w), more preferably 1 % (w/w) based on the amount of the overall weight of the liquid pharmaceutical formulation; or ii) 1.5 to 3.5 A (w/w), preferably 1.8 to 2.5 % (w/w), more preferably 2 %
(w/w) based on the amount of the overall weight of the liquid pharmaceutical formulation; or iii) 2.5 to 4.5 % (w/w), preferably 2.8 to 3.5 % (w/w), more preferably 3 %
(w/w) based on the amount of the overall weight of the liquid pharmaceutical formulation; or iv) 3.5 to 5 % (w/w), preferably 3.8 to 4.5 % (w/w), more preferably 4 % (w/w) based on the amount of the overall weight of the liquid pharmaceutical formulation; and d) the pharmaceutically acceptable alkaline earth metal salt selected from the group consisting of a calcium and a magnesium salt, preferably a calcium salt is present in a weight of 1 to 4 %
(w/w), preferably 2 to 3 % (w/w), more preferably 2.5 % (w/w) based on the amount of the overall weight of the liquid pharmaceutical formulation; and e) optionally an antioxidant is present in an amount of 0.01 to 0.1 % (w/w), preferably 0.03 to 0.07 A. (w/w), more preferably 0.05 % (w/w) based on the overall weight of the liquid pharmaceutical formulation; and c) the amount of solvent present in the overall liquid pharmaceutical formulation corresponds to:
100 A) (w/w) subtracted by the sum of the amounts of a), b), d) and e) or the sum of the amounts of a), b), d), e) and any further ingredient present in the overall liquid pharmaceutical formulation as defined above.
[0052] The liquid pharmaceutical formulation may be applied without further dilution or with prior dilution. The pharmaceutical formulation may be diluted with water for injection purposes, saline or buffer solution before administration. Preferably, the pharmaceutical formulation is diluted with water for injection purposes, saline or buffer solution, not longer than 8 hours, preferably not longer than 4 hours and most preferably not longer than 2 hours before administration.
[0053] The liquid pharmaceutical formulation may be administered in any suitable manner known to the person skilled in the art. Preferably, the liquid pharmaceutical formulation is administered parenterally, more preferably as injection, most preferably as intravenous infusion or intravenous bolus injection.
[0054] Moreover the present invention is directed to the use of the liquid pharmaceutical formulation as defined above, for use in medicine.
[0055] The inventive liquid pharmaceutical formulation may be combined with a physiologically acceptable aqueous solution prior to application to the patient. For example the liquid pharmaceutical formulation may be combined with suitable amount of isotonic sodium chloride solution. Preferably the concentration of the isotonic sodium chloride solution comprises 9 mg IL
sodium chloride and preferably exhibits a pH value of 4.5 to 7Ø
sodium chloride and preferably exhibits a pH value of 4.5 to 7Ø
[0056] The present invention further comprises a formulation comprising a) the inventive liquid pharmaceutical formulation, as described above and b) a physiologically acceptable aqueous solution, as well as its use in medicine.
[0057] Furthermore, the present invention is directed to the use of the liquid pharmaceutical formulation as defined above, optionally in the presence of water, for use in the treatment of cancer.
[0058] The term "stabilization" in the context of the invention means prevention or reduction of degradation of the easily degradable active pharmaceutical ingredient.
Preferably it means maintaining a purity as determined by suitable analytical methods of at least 85%, more preferably of at least 90%, most preferably of at least 95% at the end of the defined shelf life of pharmaceutical preparation, in particular compared with a not stabilized sample. For example, the purity may be determined by high-performance-liquid-chromatography (HPLC), in particular reversed phase high-performance liquid-chromatography (RP-HPLC). Furthermore stabilization means that any visible color change of the preparation caused by degradation is prevented or reduced during product shelf life, in particular in comparison with a not stabilized sample.
EXAMPLES OF THE INVENTION
Example 1: 1.0 Stability of inventive formulations
Preferably it means maintaining a purity as determined by suitable analytical methods of at least 85%, more preferably of at least 90%, most preferably of at least 95% at the end of the defined shelf life of pharmaceutical preparation, in particular compared with a not stabilized sample. For example, the purity may be determined by high-performance-liquid-chromatography (HPLC), in particular reversed phase high-performance liquid-chromatography (RP-HPLC). Furthermore stabilization means that any visible color change of the preparation caused by degradation is prevented or reduced during product shelf life, in particular in comparison with a not stabilized sample.
EXAMPLES OF THE INVENTION
Example 1: 1.0 Stability of inventive formulations
[0059] The stability of 15 formulations for Bendamustine hydrochloride was tested in an accelerated stability study over four and eight weeks. The stabilizing effect of main solvents (PG, PEG300 and PEG400), solvent additives (DMSO, TBA, NMP, Acetone, Solketal, Glycofurol, Glycerole, polysorbate 20 / Tween 20, (2-HydroxypropyI)-8-cyclodextrin (HPBCD)), stabilizer (CaCl2) and antioxidant BHT was to be evaluated.
The following formulations were to be tested (composition per vial):
Table 1: Formulation variants selected for stability testing Components [%(w/w)]
Bendamustine Variant P300 PG PEG400 CaCl2 BHT Additive 1 2.50 97.45 - - - 0.05 -2 2.50 - 95.00 - 2.50 - -3 2.50 - 97.45 - 0.05 -, i 4 ' 2.50 - 94.95 - 2.50 0.05 -2.50 - - 90.20 2.50 0.05 DMS0 4.75 6 2.50 - - 90.20 2.50 0.05 TBA
4.75 7 2.50 - - 90.20 2.50 0.05 NMP
4.75 8 2.50 - - 90.20 2.50 0.05 Acetone 4.75 9 2.50 - - 90.20 2.50 0.05 Solketale 4.75 _____________________________ _ ___ 2.50 - - 90.20 2.50 0.05 Glycofurole 4.75 11 2.50 - - 90.20 2.50 0.05 Glycerole 4.75 _______________________________________________________________________________ _ -12 2.50 - - 94.95 2.50 0.05 -13 2.50 - - 92.45 2.50 0.05 Acetone 2.50 14 2.50 - - 92.45 2.50 0.05 Solketale 2.50 2.50 - - 92.45 2.50 0.05 Glycofurole 2.50 16 2.50 - - 89.95 2.50 0.05 HPBCD 5.00 17 2.50 - - 94.90 2.50 0.05 Tween 20 0.05 1.1 Materials and methods
The following formulations were to be tested (composition per vial):
Table 1: Formulation variants selected for stability testing Components [%(w/w)]
Bendamustine Variant P300 PG PEG400 CaCl2 BHT Additive 1 2.50 97.45 - - - 0.05 -2 2.50 - 95.00 - 2.50 - -3 2.50 - 97.45 - 0.05 -, i 4 ' 2.50 - 94.95 - 2.50 0.05 -2.50 - - 90.20 2.50 0.05 DMS0 4.75 6 2.50 - - 90.20 2.50 0.05 TBA
4.75 7 2.50 - - 90.20 2.50 0.05 NMP
4.75 8 2.50 - - 90.20 2.50 0.05 Acetone 4.75 9 2.50 - - 90.20 2.50 0.05 Solketale 4.75 _____________________________ _ ___ 2.50 - - 90.20 2.50 0.05 Glycofurole 4.75 11 2.50 - - 90.20 2.50 0.05 Glycerole 4.75 _______________________________________________________________________________ _ -12 2.50 - - 94.95 2.50 0.05 -13 2.50 - - 92.45 2.50 0.05 Acetone 2.50 14 2.50 - - 92.45 2.50 0.05 Solketale 2.50 2.50 - - 92.45 2.50 0.05 Glycofurole 2.50 16 2.50 - - 89.95 2.50 0.05 HPBCD 5.00 17 2.50 - - 94.90 2.50 0.05 Tween 20 0.05 1.1 Materials and methods
[0060] Substances and Materials Table 2: Substances and materials Substances 1Lot-no.: Manuf. / Suppl.
Order-no.:
Purified water (5 0.2 pmS/cm, < 10 PJP
ppb TOG) Bendamustine hydrochloride N1700362 monohyd rate Polyethylene glycol 400, 120294684 Carl Roth GmbH
ROTIPURANO Ph. Eur.
Butylhydroxytoluene, a 99.8 %, for 058267347 Carl Roth GmbH
synthesis Calcium chloride anhydrous, Ph.
K48950378 Merck Chemicals Eur.
Ethanol pure 508278646 Carl Roth GmbH
5054.4 Glycerole 230296310 Carl Roth GmbH
6967.1 Polyethylene glycol 300, Emprove K47544702 Merck Chemicals exp., Ph. Eur.
Dimethyl sulfoxide, ROTIPURAN a 188270141 Carl Roth GmbH
4720.3 98 %, p.a.
Acetonitrile, Chromosolv gradient STBG5627V Honeywell grade Trifluoroacetic acid, ?..= 99.9 %, for 188270869 Carl Roth GmbH
P088.1 peptide synthesis N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone a 99.8 % 472193375 Carl Roth GmbH
Acetone, ROTIPURANO ?. 99.8 % 111168806 Carl Roth GmbH
1,2-Propanediol, EMPROVEO exp K51362178920 Merck Chemicals Ph Eur, BP, USP
Tetraglycol BCCC2236 Sigma-Aldrich DL-1,2-lsopropylideneglycerol, 98% STBD0082V Sigma-Aldrich Polysorbate 20, Ph. Eur., BP, USP-0001588857 AppliChem 142312.1611 NF
(2-Hydroxypropy1)-13-cyclodextrin BCBL4188V Sigma-Aldrich Materials Lot-no.: Manuf. / Suppl.
Order-no.:
SIN: H18-281423 Kinetex C18, 100 x 4.6 mm, 2.6 pm Phenomenex 00D-B/N : 5569-0243 er Glass vial 6R 2150359/1 Thiking Pharmaglas Lyo stopper, Westar RS, 1346 4023/50 GREY 82-TR West 1.2 Materials and Apparatus
Order-no.:
Purified water (5 0.2 pmS/cm, < 10 PJP
ppb TOG) Bendamustine hydrochloride N1700362 monohyd rate Polyethylene glycol 400, 120294684 Carl Roth GmbH
ROTIPURANO Ph. Eur.
Butylhydroxytoluene, a 99.8 %, for 058267347 Carl Roth GmbH
synthesis Calcium chloride anhydrous, Ph.
K48950378 Merck Chemicals Eur.
Ethanol pure 508278646 Carl Roth GmbH
5054.4 Glycerole 230296310 Carl Roth GmbH
6967.1 Polyethylene glycol 300, Emprove K47544702 Merck Chemicals exp., Ph. Eur.
Dimethyl sulfoxide, ROTIPURAN a 188270141 Carl Roth GmbH
4720.3 98 %, p.a.
Acetonitrile, Chromosolv gradient STBG5627V Honeywell grade Trifluoroacetic acid, ?..= 99.9 %, for 188270869 Carl Roth GmbH
P088.1 peptide synthesis N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone a 99.8 % 472193375 Carl Roth GmbH
Acetone, ROTIPURANO ?. 99.8 % 111168806 Carl Roth GmbH
1,2-Propanediol, EMPROVEO exp K51362178920 Merck Chemicals Ph Eur, BP, USP
Tetraglycol BCCC2236 Sigma-Aldrich DL-1,2-lsopropylideneglycerol, 98% STBD0082V Sigma-Aldrich Polysorbate 20, Ph. Eur., BP, USP-0001588857 AppliChem 142312.1611 NF
(2-Hydroxypropy1)-13-cyclodextrin BCBL4188V Sigma-Aldrich Materials Lot-no.: Manuf. / Suppl.
Order-no.:
SIN: H18-281423 Kinetex C18, 100 x 4.6 mm, 2.6 pm Phenomenex 00D-B/N : 5569-0243 er Glass vial 6R 2150359/1 Thiking Pharmaglas Lyo stopper, Westar RS, 1346 4023/50 GREY 82-TR West 1.2 Materials and Apparatus
[0061] HPLC Equipment Manufacturer: Agilent Technologies (Santa Clara, California USA) Type. 1290 Series Chromatography analysis software: Thermo Scientific, Chromeleon 7.2.9
[0062] Additional Laboratory Equipment:
Rotary evaporator: Buchi, Rotavapor R-100 Multistep pipette and pipette tips: Brand, Handystep Purified water supply: Ultra Clean UV UF TM
Cytostatic safety cabinet: Berner, C-MaxPro 190 Analytical balance: Eppendorf, DE120K10A
Magnetic stirrer: 2mag, MIXdrive6 Volumetric Pipettes: Gillson/Eppendorf 1.3 Materials and Methods
Rotary evaporator: Buchi, Rotavapor R-100 Multistep pipette and pipette tips: Brand, Handystep Purified water supply: Ultra Clean UV UF TM
Cytostatic safety cabinet: Berner, C-MaxPro 190 Analytical balance: Eppendorf, DE120K10A
Magnetic stirrer: 2mag, MIXdrive6 Volumetric Pipettes: Gillson/Eppendorf 1.3 Materials and Methods
[0063] Primary packing material preparation Materials and Apparatus:
Table 3: Primary packing material Materials Lot. iManuf. / Suppl. Order No.
6R class 1 glass vial, Fiolax clear 2170615 Thuringer Pharmaglas 41101085.1003 20 mm rubber stopper, silicone free, 1343 4023/50/Grey B2-40 West Pharmaceutical WestarORS FluroTec 1162055767 Services 7001-Alu crimp caps, tear-off 20 mm, gold I -- Adelei
Table 3: Primary packing material Materials Lot. iManuf. / Suppl. Order No.
6R class 1 glass vial, Fiolax clear 2170615 Thuringer Pharmaglas 41101085.1003 20 mm rubber stopper, silicone free, 1343 4023/50/Grey B2-40 West Pharmaceutical WestarORS FluroTec 1162055767 Services 7001-Alu crimp caps, tear-off 20 mm, gold I -- Adelei
[0064] Additional Laboratory Equipment:
Laboratory dish washer: Miele, G7783 Autoclave: Systec, DX65 Drying oven (depyrogenisation): Memmert, UFP500 All equipment that was used undergoes regular calibration and qualification according to the valid qualification and maintenance plan.
Laboratory dish washer: Miele, G7783 Autoclave: Systec, DX65 Drying oven (depyrogenisation): Memmert, UFP500 All equipment that was used undergoes regular calibration and qualification according to the valid qualification and maintenance plan.
[0065] Procedure:
Vials: Vials were washed in a laboratory dishwasher with purified water and depyrogenised at 300 C for 2 hours.
Stoppers: Stoppers were dried at 105 C for 8 hours.
1.4 Compounding
Vials: Vials were washed in a laboratory dishwasher with purified water and depyrogenised at 300 C for 2 hours.
Stoppers: Stoppers were dried at 105 C for 8 hours.
1.4 Compounding
[0066] Procedure:
Firstly, a stock solution of CaCl2/BHT in the corresponding solvent (PG, PEG300, PEG400) was prepared. Then, additives were added to the solvent variants to complete solvent preparation according to Table 1. The solvents were filtered through a 0.22 pm filter unit to eliminate unsolved particles. Bendamustine monohydrochloride monohydrate was weighed in a 6R vial and filled to target weight with the corresponding solvent. After complete dissolution, the variants' volumes were splitted a 4 g into 6R vials with nitrogen as an inert headspace gas.
Firstly, a stock solution of CaCl2/BHT in the corresponding solvent (PG, PEG300, PEG400) was prepared. Then, additives were added to the solvent variants to complete solvent preparation according to Table 1. The solvents were filtered through a 0.22 pm filter unit to eliminate unsolved particles. Bendamustine monohydrochloride monohydrate was weighed in a 6R vial and filled to target weight with the corresponding solvent. After complete dissolution, the variants' volumes were splitted a 4 g into 6R vials with nitrogen as an inert headspace gas.
[0067] All variants #01 to #10 and #11 to #15 were compounded in parallel.
During compounding contact to atmospheric oxygen was avoided as best as possible.
Compounding vessels were kept tightly closed and were selected as small as feasible to reduce headspace.
The dedicated batch size was 2 vials each variant with a fill of 4.0 g per vial.
1.5 Reversed phase chromatography (RP-HPLC) Materials and Apparatus:
During compounding contact to atmospheric oxygen was avoided as best as possible.
Compounding vessels were kept tightly closed and were selected as small as feasible to reduce headspace.
The dedicated batch size was 2 vials each variant with a fill of 4.0 g per vial.
1.5 Reversed phase chromatography (RP-HPLC) Materials and Apparatus:
[0068] Table 4: Materials used RP-H PLC analysis Substances Lot-no.: Manuf. / Suppl.
Order-no.:
Purified water (5 0.2 pmS/cm, < 10 ppb TOG) Bendamustine hydrochloride monohydrate Dimethyl sulfoxide, ROTIPURAN
188270141 Carl Roth GmbH
4720.3 Acetonitrile, Chromosolv gradient STBG5627V Honeywell grade Trifluoroacetic acid, a 99.9 %, for 188270869 Carl Roth GmbH
P088.1 peptide synthesis Materials Lot-no.: Manuf. / Suppl.
Order-no.:
S/N : H18-281423 Kinetex C18, 100 x 4.6 mm, 2.6 pm Phenomenex 00D-B/N : 5569-0243
Order-no.:
Purified water (5 0.2 pmS/cm, < 10 ppb TOG) Bendamustine hydrochloride monohydrate Dimethyl sulfoxide, ROTIPURAN
188270141 Carl Roth GmbH
4720.3 Acetonitrile, Chromosolv gradient STBG5627V Honeywell grade Trifluoroacetic acid, a 99.9 %, for 188270869 Carl Roth GmbH
P088.1 peptide synthesis Materials Lot-no.: Manuf. / Suppl.
Order-no.:
S/N : H18-281423 Kinetex C18, 100 x 4.6 mm, 2.6 pm Phenomenex 00D-B/N : 5569-0243
[0069] HPLC Equipment Manufacturer: Agilent Technologies (Santa Clara, California USA) Type: 1290 Series Chromatography analysis software: Thermo Scientific, Chromeleon 7.2.9
[0070] Additional Laboratory Equipment:
Rotary evaporator: Buchi, Rotavapor0 R-100 Multistep pipette and pipette tips: Brand, Handystep Purified water supply: Ultra Clean UV UF TM
Cytostatic safety cabinet: Berner, C-MaxPro 190 Analytical balance: Eppendorf, DE120K10A
Magnetic stirrer: 2mag, MIXdrive6 Volumetric Pipettes: Gillson/Eppendorf
Rotary evaporator: Buchi, Rotavapor0 R-100 Multistep pipette and pipette tips: Brand, Handystep Purified water supply: Ultra Clean UV UF TM
Cytostatic safety cabinet: Berner, C-MaxPro 190 Analytical balance: Eppendorf, DE120K10A
Magnetic stirrer: 2mag, MIXdrive6 Volumetric Pipettes: Gillson/Eppendorf
[0071] Procedure:
The purity of Bendamustine hydrochloride was determined according to the RP-HPLC method provided by the client. DMSO was used for the dilution of the samples. The autosampler temperature was set to 25 C to avoid crystallization of DMSO (melting point at 18 C).
Column type: Kinetex C18, 100 x4.6 mm, 2.6 pm (Phenomenex) Mobile phase: A: Water/ACN/TFA = 950/50/1 v/v/v B: Water/ACN/TFA = 50/950/1 v/v/v Column temperature: 25 C
Autosampler temperature: 25 C (5 C original value) Flow rate: 1.2 mUrnin Detection wavelength: 234 nm Slit: 4 nm Reference wavelength: 550 nm Reference slit: 100 nm Detection range: 0-30 min
The purity of Bendamustine hydrochloride was determined according to the RP-HPLC method provided by the client. DMSO was used for the dilution of the samples. The autosampler temperature was set to 25 C to avoid crystallization of DMSO (melting point at 18 C).
Column type: Kinetex C18, 100 x4.6 mm, 2.6 pm (Phenomenex) Mobile phase: A: Water/ACN/TFA = 950/50/1 v/v/v B: Water/ACN/TFA = 50/950/1 v/v/v Column temperature: 25 C
Autosampler temperature: 25 C (5 C original value) Flow rate: 1.2 mUrnin Detection wavelength: 234 nm Slit: 4 nm Reference wavelength: 550 nm Reference slit: 100 nm Detection range: 0-30 min
[0072] Table 5 shows a chart of the gradient.
Table 5: HPLC Gradient Time Eluent A Eluent B
krini ____________________________________________________________________________ 0 95% 5%
95% 5%
9 80% 20%
25 55% 45%
________ 28 20% 80%
30 20% 80%
30.01 95% 5%
35 95% 5%
1.5.1 Buffer preparation Solution Composition Compounding procedure Mobile phase A 5% (v/v) acetonitrile and 950 mL of water were mixed 0.1 % (v/v) trifluoroacetic with 50 mL of acetonitrile acid in water and 1 mL of trifluoroacetic acid Mobile phase B 95 % (v/v) acetonitrile and 50 mL of water were mixed 0.1 % of trifluoroacetic acid with 950 mL of acetonitrile in water and 1 mL of trifluoroacetic acid 1.5.2 Sample preparation
Table 5: HPLC Gradient Time Eluent A Eluent B
krini ____________________________________________________________________________ 0 95% 5%
95% 5%
9 80% 20%
25 55% 45%
________ 28 20% 80%
30 20% 80%
30.01 95% 5%
35 95% 5%
1.5.1 Buffer preparation Solution Composition Compounding procedure Mobile phase A 5% (v/v) acetonitrile and 950 mL of water were mixed 0.1 % (v/v) trifluoroacetic with 50 mL of acetonitrile acid in water and 1 mL of trifluoroacetic acid Mobile phase B 95 % (v/v) acetonitrile and 50 mL of water were mixed 0.1 % of trifluoroacetic acid with 950 mL of acetonitrile in water and 1 mL of trifluoroacetic acid 1.5.2 Sample preparation
[0073] 1 g of each vial was transferred into a 50 mL sample tube and diluted with 19 mL DMSO.
The solution then was 1:10 diluted and transferred into an HPLC sample vial.
1.6. Results and Discussion
The solution then was 1:10 diluted and transferred into an HPLC sample vial.
1.6. Results and Discussion
[0074] The stability of Bendamustine-HCI in the formulations listed in Table 1 was evaluated.
The solutions were compounded at room temperature and filled in ISO 6R clear glass vials with FluroTec coated serum stoppers. Samples were stored at 40 C for four weeks (14w), eight weeks (T8w) and 12 weeks (T12w), respectively. Visual appearance (color and state of crystallization) and purity by RP-HPLC were determined. Table 6 summarizes the results.
Table 6: Summary of analytical results Visual appearance Purity by RP-HPLC L.A4 variant Color** Crystallization*, T4w Taw T12w Tam #01 Yellow/ None >98.0 <96.0 <70.0 <10 _______________________ brownish #02 Brownish None <10.0 <10.0 #03 Colorless None <50.0 <10.0 skipped #04 Colorless None <75.0 <15.0 #05 Colorless None >98.0 >96.0 >96.0 >92.0 #06 Colorless High >98.0 >96.0 >96.0 >92.0 #07 Colorless None >98.0 1 >96.0 >96.0 <10 #08 Colorless High , >98.0 >96.0 >96.0 >92.0 #09 Colorless Medium >98.0 >96.0 >96.0 >92.0 #10 Colorless High >98.0 >96.0 >96.0 >92.0 #11 Colorless None >98.0 >96.0 skipped -#12 Colorless High >98.0 >96.0 >96.0 1 skipped #13 Colorless , , High >98.0 >96.0 #14 Colorless Medium >98.0 >96.0 skipped #15 Colorless High >98.0 >96.0 #16 Colorless ______ None >98.0 >96.0 -96% 1 >92.0 #17 Colorless High >98.0 skipped *At T12w
The solutions were compounded at room temperature and filled in ISO 6R clear glass vials with FluroTec coated serum stoppers. Samples were stored at 40 C for four weeks (14w), eight weeks (T8w) and 12 weeks (T12w), respectively. Visual appearance (color and state of crystallization) and purity by RP-HPLC were determined. Table 6 summarizes the results.
Table 6: Summary of analytical results Visual appearance Purity by RP-HPLC L.A4 variant Color** Crystallization*, T4w Taw T12w Tam #01 Yellow/ None >98.0 <96.0 <70.0 <10 _______________________ brownish #02 Brownish None <10.0 <10.0 #03 Colorless None <50.0 <10.0 skipped #04 Colorless None <75.0 <15.0 #05 Colorless None >98.0 >96.0 >96.0 >92.0 #06 Colorless High >98.0 >96.0 >96.0 >92.0 #07 Colorless None >98.0 1 >96.0 >96.0 <10 #08 Colorless High , >98.0 >96.0 >96.0 >92.0 #09 Colorless Medium >98.0 >96.0 >96.0 >92.0 #10 Colorless High >98.0 >96.0 >96.0 >92.0 #11 Colorless None >98.0 >96.0 skipped -#12 Colorless High >98.0 >96.0 >96.0 1 skipped #13 Colorless , , High >98.0 >96.0 #14 Colorless Medium >98.0 >96.0 skipped #15 Colorless High >98.0 >96.0 #16 Colorless ______ None >98.0 >96.0 -96% 1 >92.0 #17 Colorless High >98.0 skipped *At T12w
[0075] The most promising formulation at the end of the stability study. T6m, are formulations #5 and #16 (colorless, crystal-free solution, s5 A, purity decrease after six months at 40 C).
Example 2: Determination identity of crystals crystallized/precipitated
Example 2: Determination identity of crystals crystallized/precipitated
[0076] The objective of the investigation is to determine the solid-state form (phase analysis) of precipitated crystals of the cytotoxic active ingredient Bendamustine-HCI (see figure 1).
[0077] The initial composition of the solution in the vial is as follows:
Benda-H20-HCI 2.50%
w/w CaCl2 2.50% w/w BHT 0.05% w/w Acetone 2.50% w/w PEG400 92.45% w/w For the PXRD
measurement, the crystals are filled into a so-called Lindemann capillary (0 1mm) in the presence of their mother solution and a 4-hour measurement is carried out. The PXRD allows the determination of the solid-state form as well as the crystallinity (amorphous / crystalline) of the crystals. Diffractograms of Bendamustine-HCI (four crystalline forms) from patent literature US8445524B2 and calculated from single crystal data can be used as references.
Suitable references for mannitol, calculated from single crystal data, are also available.
Benda-H20-HCI 2.50%
w/w CaCl2 2.50% w/w BHT 0.05% w/w Acetone 2.50% w/w PEG400 92.45% w/w For the PXRD
measurement, the crystals are filled into a so-called Lindemann capillary (0 1mm) in the presence of their mother solution and a 4-hour measurement is carried out. The PXRD allows the determination of the solid-state form as well as the crystallinity (amorphous / crystalline) of the crystals. Diffractograms of Bendamustine-HCI (four crystalline forms) from patent literature US8445524B2 and calculated from single crystal data can be used as references.
Suitable references for mannitol, calculated from single crystal data, are also available.
[0078] The crystals were filled into a so-called Lindemann capillary (0 1mm) in the presence of their mother solution and an 8-hour measurement was carried out.
[0079] The obtained diffractogram of the crystals (pjpBEN003) shows no agreement in comparison with the diffractogram of the Bendamustine hydrochloride monohydrate. Therefore it can be concluded that the precipitated solid is not the monohydrate (Figure 2)
[0080] An extended search revealed that the crystallized solid (pjpBEN003) is Form I of the Bendamustine hydrochloride (see Figure 3). According to the heat of fusion rule, Form I is the thermodynamically most stable form of Bendamustine hydrochloride (US8445524B2).
Example 3: Test of crystallization inhibition
Example 3: Test of crystallization inhibition
[0081] Four different water-free Bendamustine formulations were compounded and put on a stability study at 25 *C and 40 *C.
The following formulations were tested:
Table 7: Formulation variants selected for stability testing 1 Components [mg/vial]
Variant Bendamustine -HCI -H20 CaCl2 1 BHT 1 HPBCD PEG400 #01 . 115 125 2 I 50 to 5 g #02 115 125 . 2 , 100 to 5 g #03 115 125 2 150 to 5 g #04 115 125 2 200 to 5 g Components [%(w/w)]
Variant Bendamustine HCl= .H20 CaCl2 BHT HPBCD PEG400 #01 2.3 2.5 0.05 1.0 94.15 #02 12.3 2.5 0.05 2.0 93.15 #03 2.3 2.5 0.05 3.0 92.15 #04 2.3 2.5 0.05 4.0 91.15 The formulations differ in their Hydroxypropyl Betadex (HPBCD) concentration content (1 ¨ 4 %
HPBCD).
The following formulations were tested:
Table 7: Formulation variants selected for stability testing 1 Components [mg/vial]
Variant Bendamustine -HCI -H20 CaCl2 1 BHT 1 HPBCD PEG400 #01 . 115 125 2 I 50 to 5 g #02 115 125 . 2 , 100 to 5 g #03 115 125 2 150 to 5 g #04 115 125 2 200 to 5 g Components [%(w/w)]
Variant Bendamustine HCl= .H20 CaCl2 BHT HPBCD PEG400 #01 2.3 2.5 0.05 1.0 94.15 #02 12.3 2.5 0.05 2.0 93.15 #03 2.3 2.5 0.05 3.0 92.15 #04 2.3 2.5 0.05 4.0 91.15 The formulations differ in their Hydroxypropyl Betadex (HPBCD) concentration content (1 ¨ 4 %
HPBCD).
[0082] In a previous work package (WP14) the crystallization starting time point of a HPBCD-free formulation was evaluated (formulation: Bendamustine-HCl-H20 2.3 A, CaCl2 2.5 %, BHT
0.05 %, PEG400 95.15 %). After approximately four weeks storage at 40 C
crystals were observed macroscopically on the vial bottom. A representative photograph at a later sampling point (six months of storage) is shown in Figure 5.
0.05 %, PEG400 95.15 %). After approximately four weeks storage at 40 C
crystals were observed macroscopically on the vial bottom. A representative photograph at a later sampling point (six months of storage) is shown in Figure 5.
[0083] As reported in example 2, crystals were isolated and analyzed by XRPD.
It has been proven that the crystals consist of pure Bendamustine hydrochloride free of crystal water. Thus, it can be concluded that the water molecule in Bendamustine*HCI*H20 is split off during storage and that crystallization occurs due to lower solubility of Bendamustine*HCI
(waterfree) in PEG400 compared to Bendamustine*HCI*H20.
It has been proven that the crystals consist of pure Bendamustine hydrochloride free of crystal water. Thus, it can be concluded that the water molecule in Bendamustine*HCI*H20 is split off during storage and that crystallization occurs due to lower solubility of Bendamustine*HCI
(waterfree) in PEG400 compared to Bendamustine*HCI*H20.
[0084] Aim of this study is to evaluate whether addition of HPBCD can prevent this type of Bendamustine crystallization and to determine a critical I minimal Hydroxypropyl Betadex (HPBCD) concentration to prevent crystallization.
3.1 Materials and methods Substances Lot-no.: Manuf. /
Suppl. Order-no.:
Purified water (s 0.2 urnS/cm, < 10 ppb TOO) - PJP
Bendamustine hydrochloride monohydrate N1700362 Polyethylene glycol 400, ROTIPU RAN Ph. Eur. 120294684 Carl Roth GmbH
Butylhydroxytoluene, 99.8 %, for synthesis 058267347 Carl Roth GmbH
Calcium chloride anhydrous, Ph. Eur. K48950378 Merck Chemicals 102378 (2-Hydroxypropy1)-13-cyclodextrin BCBL4188V Sigma-Aldrich Materials Lot-no.: Manuf. /
Suppl. Order-no.:
Glass vial 6R
2150359/1 Thuringer Pharmaglas 050006131 Lyo stopper, Westar0 RS, 1346 4023/50 GREY B2-TR 1172035601 West Sartopure GF+ MidiCap 648002503 Sartorius Camera Equipment Manufacturer: Canon (Tokio, Japan) Body: EOS 600D
Lens: DGMacro 105mm 1:2.8 Additional Laboratory Equipment:
Rotary evaporator: Buchi, Rotavapor0 R-100 Multistep pipette and pipette tips: Brand, Handystep Purified water supply: Ultra Clean UV UF TM
Cytostatic safety cabinet: Berner, C-MaxPro 190 Analytical balance: Eppendorf, DE120K10A
Magnetic stirrer: 2mag, MIXdrive6 Volumetric Pipettes: Gillson/Eppendorf Laboratory dish washer: Miele, G7783 Autoclave: Systec, 0X65 Drying oven (depyrogenisation): Memmert, UFP500 Primary packing material preparation Vials: Vials were washed in a laboratory dishwasher with purified water and depyrogenised at 300 C for 2 hours.
Stoppers: Stoppers were autoclaved (121 C, 2 bar, 20 min) and dried at 80 C
for 8 hours.
3.2 Compounding 3.2.1 Procedure:
3.1 Materials and methods Substances Lot-no.: Manuf. /
Suppl. Order-no.:
Purified water (s 0.2 urnS/cm, < 10 ppb TOO) - PJP
Bendamustine hydrochloride monohydrate N1700362 Polyethylene glycol 400, ROTIPU RAN Ph. Eur. 120294684 Carl Roth GmbH
Butylhydroxytoluene, 99.8 %, for synthesis 058267347 Carl Roth GmbH
Calcium chloride anhydrous, Ph. Eur. K48950378 Merck Chemicals 102378 (2-Hydroxypropy1)-13-cyclodextrin BCBL4188V Sigma-Aldrich Materials Lot-no.: Manuf. /
Suppl. Order-no.:
Glass vial 6R
2150359/1 Thuringer Pharmaglas 050006131 Lyo stopper, Westar0 RS, 1346 4023/50 GREY B2-TR 1172035601 West Sartopure GF+ MidiCap 648002503 Sartorius Camera Equipment Manufacturer: Canon (Tokio, Japan) Body: EOS 600D
Lens: DGMacro 105mm 1:2.8 Additional Laboratory Equipment:
Rotary evaporator: Buchi, Rotavapor0 R-100 Multistep pipette and pipette tips: Brand, Handystep Purified water supply: Ultra Clean UV UF TM
Cytostatic safety cabinet: Berner, C-MaxPro 190 Analytical balance: Eppendorf, DE120K10A
Magnetic stirrer: 2mag, MIXdrive6 Volumetric Pipettes: Gillson/Eppendorf Laboratory dish washer: Miele, G7783 Autoclave: Systec, 0X65 Drying oven (depyrogenisation): Memmert, UFP500 Primary packing material preparation Vials: Vials were washed in a laboratory dishwasher with purified water and depyrogenised at 300 C for 2 hours.
Stoppers: Stoppers were autoclaved (121 C, 2 bar, 20 min) and dried at 80 C
for 8 hours.
3.2 Compounding 3.2.1 Procedure:
[0085] Firstly, a stock solution of CaCl2/BHT in PEG400 was prepared. Then, additives (HPBCD
and additional PEG400) were added to the solvent variants to complete solvent preparation according to Table 1. The solvents were filtered through a 0.65 pm fiberglass filter unit (Sartopure GF+) to eliminate unsolved particles. Bendamustine monohydrochloride monohydrate was weighed in a 6R vial and filled to target weight with the corresponding solvent. The bulk solutions were stirred at 350 rpm for approximately 1 h.
After complete dissolution, the variants' volumes were splitted a 5 g into 6R vials with nitrogen as an inert headspace gas.
and additional PEG400) were added to the solvent variants to complete solvent preparation according to Table 1. The solvents were filtered through a 0.65 pm fiberglass filter unit (Sartopure GF+) to eliminate unsolved particles. Bendamustine monohydrochloride monohydrate was weighed in a 6R vial and filled to target weight with the corresponding solvent. The bulk solutions were stirred at 350 rpm for approximately 1 h.
After complete dissolution, the variants' volumes were splitted a 5 g into 6R vials with nitrogen as an inert headspace gas.
[0086] All variants #01 to #04 were compounded in parallel. During compounding contact to atmospheric oxygen was avoided best possible. Compounding vessels were kept tightly closed and were selected as small as feasible to reduce headspace.
The dedicated batch size was 2 vials each variant with a fill of 5.0 g per vial.
3.3 (Accelerated) stability study
The dedicated batch size was 2 vials each variant with a fill of 5.0 g per vial.
3.3 (Accelerated) stability study
[0087] One vial per variant was stored at 25 C, the other vial at 40 C.
3.4 Determination of Bendamustine crystallization
3.4 Determination of Bendamustine crystallization
[0088] At TO and in equidistant time periods of two weeks after the last time point of analysis, all vials were examined macroscopically. The vials were put under an external light source and examined by eye at different perspectives.
3.5 Results and Discussion
3.5 Results and Discussion
[0089] The stability of Bendamustine-HCl in the formulations listed in Table 1, with special regard in crystallization, was evaluated. The solutions were compounded at room temperature and filled into ISO 6R clear glass vials with FluroTec coated serum stoppers.
Samples were stored at 25 C and 40 C.
3.6 Crystallization Table 8 lists the results of visual examination for Bendamustine crystals.
Table 8: Macroscopic examination for Bendamustine crystallization At 25 C J Crystallization 1 ______________________________________________________ Variant I TO T2w 14w T6w T8w T1Ow , _ no no no no #01 no crystals crystals crystals c_stals crystals crystals --_______________________________________________________________________________ _ no no no no #02 no crystals no ______________________________ crystals crystals crystals crystals crystals no no no no #03 no crystals no crystals crystals crystals crystals crystals =#04 no crystals no no no no no crystals crystals crystals crystals crystals At 40 C Crystallization Variant TO T2w 14w FT6w 18w TlOw no no no no no #01 no crystals crystals crystals crystals crystals crystals no no no no no #02 no crystals crystals crystals crystals crystals crystals no no no no no #03 no crystals crystals crystals _crystals crystals crystals no no no no no #04 no crystals crystals crystals crystals crystals crystals
Samples were stored at 25 C and 40 C.
3.6 Crystallization Table 8 lists the results of visual examination for Bendamustine crystals.
Table 8: Macroscopic examination for Bendamustine crystallization At 25 C J Crystallization 1 ______________________________________________________ Variant I TO T2w 14w T6w T8w T1Ow , _ no no no no #01 no crystals crystals crystals c_stals crystals crystals --_______________________________________________________________________________ _ no no no no #02 no crystals no ______________________________ crystals crystals crystals crystals crystals no no no no #03 no crystals no crystals crystals crystals crystals crystals =#04 no crystals no no no no no crystals crystals crystals crystals crystals At 40 C Crystallization Variant TO T2w 14w FT6w 18w TlOw no no no no no #01 no crystals crystals crystals crystals crystals crystals no no no no no #02 no crystals crystals crystals crystals crystals crystals no no no no no #03 no crystals crystals crystals _crystals crystals crystals no no no no no #04 no crystals crystals crystals crystals crystals crystals
[0090] Most likely, the crystal water of the monohydrate form gets split off at both evaluated temperatures. However, the solubility of Bendamustine anhydrate is higher at 40 C compared to 25 C (as usual for solid components). Thus, crystallization is observed earlier at 25 C.
3.7 Summary
3.7 Summary
[0091] Four water-free PEG400/CaCl2/BHT Bendamustine formulations were prepared differing in their HPBCD content (1, 2, 3 and 4 %). The vials were stored at 25 C and 40 C to observe the time point at which crystallization starts to occur.
[0092] Current state (T10w): Only a very small amount of crystals could be detected in the 1 /0(w/w) HPBCD formulation after storage at 25 C. A content of 2 %(w/w) HPBCD or higher in the formulation safely prevents crystallization of Bendamustine.
Claims (15)
1. A liquid pharmaceutical formulation, being essentially free of water, comprising a) at least one active pharmaceutical ingredient, selected from the group consisting of Bendamustine, Melphalan, Melflufen, Chlorambucil and Uramustine;
b) one or more crystallization inhibitor(s) selected from the group consisting of (2-HydroxypropyI)-8-cyclodextrin and DMSO;
c) a solvent according to formula (l) wherein n is 350 to 500 d) at least one pharmaceutically acceptable alkaline earth metal.
b) one or more crystallization inhibitor(s) selected from the group consisting of (2-HydroxypropyI)-8-cyclodextrin and DMSO;
c) a solvent according to formula (l) wherein n is 350 to 500 d) at least one pharmaceutically acceptable alkaline earth metal.
2. The liquid pharmaceutical formulation according to claim 1, wherein all components of the formulation are completely dissolved resulting in a clear solution.
3. The liquid pharmaceutical formulation according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the pharmaceutical formulation comprises at least one pharmaceutically acceptable alkaline earth metal salt selected frorn the group consisting of a calcium and a magnesium salt, preferably a calcium salt.
4. The liquid pharmaceutical formulation according to claim 3, wherein the anion of the at least one alkaline earth metal salt is gluconate, chloride, bromide, acetate or lactate, preferably chloride.
5. The liquid pharmaceutical formulation according to any one of claims 3 or 4, wherein the at least one pharmaceutically acceptable alkaline earth metal salt is i) present in a concentration of 0.1 to 3 mol/L, preferably 0.1 to 1.5 mol/L, more preferably 0.3 to 1.5 mol/L, particular preferred 0.7 to 1.1 mol/L, more particular preferred 0.1 to 1.0 mol/L, most particular preferred 0.8 to 1.0 mol/L, especially preferred 0.1 to 0.5 mol/L
based on the overall volume of the liquid formulation or ii) present in a weight of 1 to 4 % (w/w), preferably 2 to 3 % (w/w), more preferably 2.5 %
(w/w) based on the amount of the overall weight of the liquid pharmaceutical formulation.
based on the overall volume of the liquid formulation or ii) present in a weight of 1 to 4 % (w/w), preferably 2 to 3 % (w/w), more preferably 2.5 %
(w/w) based on the amount of the overall weight of the liquid pharmaceutical formulation.
6. The liquid pharmaceutical formulation according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the at least one active pharmaceutical ingredient is present i) in a concentration of 1 to 200 rng/g, preferably 5 to 150 mg/g, rnore preferably 10 to 100 mg/g, most preferably 20 to 40 mg/g based on the overall weight of the formulation or ii) in a weight of 1 to 3.5 % (w/w), preferably 1.5 to 3 % (w/w), more preferably 2.'16 to 2.59 % (w/w), most preferably 2 to 2.5 % (w/w) based on the overall amount of the liquid pharmaceutical formulation.
7. The liquid pharmaceutical formulation according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein a) the at least one active pharmaceutical ingredient is Bendamustine and/or b) n is 380 to 450, preferably 390 to 430, more preferably 400.
8. The liquid pharmaceutical formulation according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein l) the crystallization inhibitor is (2-Hydroxypropyl)-6-cyclodextrin and/or II) the at least one crystallization inhibitor is present in said liquid pharmaceutical formulation in an amount of or at least in an amount of i) 0.5 to 5 % (w/w), preferably 0.7 to 4.3 % (w/w), more preferably 1 to 4 %
(w/w) based on the amount of the overall weight of the liquid pharmaceutical formulation;
or ii) 0.8 to 3 % (w/w), preferably 0.85 to 2 % (w/w), more preferably 1 % (w/w) based on the amount of the overall weight of the liquid pharmaceutical formulation; or iii) 1 .5 to 3.5 % (w/w), preferably 1.8 to 2.5 % (w/w), more preferably 2 %
(w/w) based on the amount of the overall weight of the liquid pharmaceutical formulation; or iv) 2.5 to 4.5 % (w/w), preferably 2.8 to 3.5 % (w/w), more preferably 3 %
(w/w) based on the amount of the overall weight of the liquid pharmaceutical formulation; or v) 3.5 to 5 % (w/w), preferably 3.8 to 4.5 % (w/w), more preferably 4 % (w/w) based on the amount of the overall weight of the liquid pharmaceutical forrnulation; or vi) 5 to 15 % (w/w), preferably 7 to 12 % (w/w), more preferably 10 % (w/w) based on the amount of the overall weight of the liquid pharmaceutical formulation.
(w/w) based on the amount of the overall weight of the liquid pharmaceutical formulation;
or ii) 0.8 to 3 % (w/w), preferably 0.85 to 2 % (w/w), more preferably 1 % (w/w) based on the amount of the overall weight of the liquid pharmaceutical formulation; or iii) 1 .5 to 3.5 % (w/w), preferably 1.8 to 2.5 % (w/w), more preferably 2 %
(w/w) based on the amount of the overall weight of the liquid pharmaceutical formulation; or iv) 2.5 to 4.5 % (w/w), preferably 2.8 to 3.5 % (w/w), more preferably 3 %
(w/w) based on the amount of the overall weight of the liquid pharmaceutical formulation; or v) 3.5 to 5 % (w/w), preferably 3.8 to 4.5 % (w/w), more preferably 4 % (w/w) based on the amount of the overall weight of the liquid pharmaceutical forrnulation; or vi) 5 to 15 % (w/w), preferably 7 to 12 % (w/w), more preferably 10 % (w/w) based on the amount of the overall weight of the liquid pharmaceutical formulation.
9. The liquid pharmaceutical formulation according to any one of claims 1 to 8, further comprising an antioxidant, preferably the antioxidant is selected from the group consisting of Thioglycerol, Butylhydroxytoluene, Thioglycolic Acid, Ascorbic Acid, Ascorbyl PaImitate, Sodium Sulfites, Butylated Hydroxyanisole, Propyl Gallate, Tocopherols more preferably the antioxidant is Butylhydroxytoluene.
10. The liquid pharmaceutical formulation according to claim 9, wherein the amount of antioxidant is 0.01 to 0.1 % (w/w), preferably 0.03 to 0.07 % (w/w), more preferably 0.05 % (w/w) based on the overall weight of the liquid pharmaceutical formulation.
11. The liquid pharmaceutical formulation, according to any one of the claims 1 to 10, wherein the liquid pharmaceutical formulation does not comprise dextran.
12. The liquid pharmaceutical formulation, according to any one of the claims 1 to 11, wherein ii) the solvent according to formula (I) represents at least 90 % (w/w), more preferably at least 95 % (w/w), most preferably at least 98 % (w/w), most preferably at least 100 %
(w/w) of the solvents based on the overall weight of all solvents present in the liquid pharmaceutical forrnulation; or iii) a) the at least one active pharmaceutical ingredient is present in a weight of 1 to 3.5 %
(w/w), preferably 1.5 to 3 % (w/w), most preferably 2 to 2.5 % (w/w) based on the overall amount of the liquid pharmaceutical formulation; and b) the crystallization inhibitor is present in a weight of i) 0.8 to 3 % (w/w), preferably 0.85 to 2 % (w/w), more preferably 1 % (w/w) based on the amount of the overall weight of the liquid pharmaceutical formulation; or ii) 1.5 to 3.5 % (w/w), preferably 1.8 to 2.5 % (w/w), more preferably 2 %
(w/w) based on the amount of the overall weight of the liquid pharmaceutical formulation; or iii) 2.5 to 4.5 % (w/w), preferably 2.8 to 3.5 % (w/w), more preferably 3 %
(w/w) based on the arnount of the overall weight of the liquid pharmaceutical forrnulation;
or iv) 3.5 to 5 % (w/w), preferably 3.8 to 4.5 % (w/w), more preferably 4 % (w/w) based on the amount of the overall weight of the liquid pharmaceutical formulation; or v) of 5 to 15 % (w/w), preferably 7 to 12 % (w/w), more preferably 10 % (w/w) based on the arnount of the overall weight of the liquid pharmaceutical formulation;
and d) the pharmaceutically acceptable alkaline earth metal salt selected from the group consisting of a calcium and a magnesium salt, preferably a calcium salt is present in a weight of 1 to 4 % (w/w), preferably 2 to 3 % (w/w), more preferably 2.5 %
(w/w) based on the amount of the overall weight of the liquid pharmaceutical formulation;
and e) optionally an antioxidant is present in an amount of 0.01 to 0.1 % (w/w), preferably 0.03 to 0.07 % (w/w), more preferably 0.05 % (w/w) based on the overall weight of the liquid pharmaceutical formulation; and c) the amount of solvent present in the overall liquid pharmaceutical formulation corresponds to 100 % (w/w) subtracted by the sum of the amounts of a), b), d) and e) or the sum of the amounts of a), b), d), e) and any further ingredient present in the overall liquid pharmaceutical formulation as defined above.
(w/w) of the solvents based on the overall weight of all solvents present in the liquid pharmaceutical forrnulation; or iii) a) the at least one active pharmaceutical ingredient is present in a weight of 1 to 3.5 %
(w/w), preferably 1.5 to 3 % (w/w), most preferably 2 to 2.5 % (w/w) based on the overall amount of the liquid pharmaceutical formulation; and b) the crystallization inhibitor is present in a weight of i) 0.8 to 3 % (w/w), preferably 0.85 to 2 % (w/w), more preferably 1 % (w/w) based on the amount of the overall weight of the liquid pharmaceutical formulation; or ii) 1.5 to 3.5 % (w/w), preferably 1.8 to 2.5 % (w/w), more preferably 2 %
(w/w) based on the amount of the overall weight of the liquid pharmaceutical formulation; or iii) 2.5 to 4.5 % (w/w), preferably 2.8 to 3.5 % (w/w), more preferably 3 %
(w/w) based on the arnount of the overall weight of the liquid pharmaceutical forrnulation;
or iv) 3.5 to 5 % (w/w), preferably 3.8 to 4.5 % (w/w), more preferably 4 % (w/w) based on the amount of the overall weight of the liquid pharmaceutical formulation; or v) of 5 to 15 % (w/w), preferably 7 to 12 % (w/w), more preferably 10 % (w/w) based on the arnount of the overall weight of the liquid pharmaceutical formulation;
and d) the pharmaceutically acceptable alkaline earth metal salt selected from the group consisting of a calcium and a magnesium salt, preferably a calcium salt is present in a weight of 1 to 4 % (w/w), preferably 2 to 3 % (w/w), more preferably 2.5 %
(w/w) based on the amount of the overall weight of the liquid pharmaceutical formulation;
and e) optionally an antioxidant is present in an amount of 0.01 to 0.1 % (w/w), preferably 0.03 to 0.07 % (w/w), more preferably 0.05 % (w/w) based on the overall weight of the liquid pharmaceutical formulation; and c) the amount of solvent present in the overall liquid pharmaceutical formulation corresponds to 100 % (w/w) subtracted by the sum of the amounts of a), b), d) and e) or the sum of the amounts of a), b), d), e) and any further ingredient present in the overall liquid pharmaceutical formulation as defined above.
13. The liquid pharmaceutical forrnulation, according to any one of the claims 1 to 12, for use in medicine.
14. The liquid pharmaceutical formulation, according to any one of the claims 1 to 12, for use in the treatment of cancer.
15. The liquid pharmaceutical formulation, according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the preparation of the formulation comprises solving Bendamustine hydrochloride monohydrate in the solvent c).
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US20130210878A1 (en) | 2012-01-24 | 2013-08-15 | Innopharma, Inc. | Bendamustine compositions and methods therefore |
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US11730815B2 (en) * | 2018-11-26 | 2023-08-22 | Good Health, Llc | Stable liquid pharmaceutical compositions comprising bendamustine |
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- 2022-10-21 WO PCT/EP2022/079468 patent/WO2023067188A1/en active Application Filing
- 2022-10-21 CA CA3235585A patent/CA3235585A1/en active Pending
- 2022-10-21 AU AU2022374002A patent/AU2022374002A1/en active Pending
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Publication number | Publication date |
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WO2023067188A1 (en) | 2023-04-27 |
AU2022374002A1 (en) | 2024-05-02 |
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