CA3027664A1 - Edging member, system, and arrangement - Google Patents
Edging member, system, and arrangement Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CA3027664A1 CA3027664A1 CA3027664A CA3027664A CA3027664A1 CA 3027664 A1 CA3027664 A1 CA 3027664A1 CA 3027664 A CA3027664 A CA 3027664A CA 3027664 A CA3027664 A CA 3027664A CA 3027664 A1 CA3027664 A1 CA 3027664A1
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- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- base wall
- edging member
- edging
- plane
- bores
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000007688 edging Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 129
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000000452 restraining effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 34
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 34
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 34
- 230000001154 acute effect Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012260 resinous material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 12
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 12
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005304 joining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 1
- -1 gravel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001903 high density polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004700 high-density polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002362 mulch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001151 other effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010257 thawing Methods 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Fencing (AREA)
Abstract
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Arrangements comprised of edging members and systems are in widespread use for the retention and restraint of landscaping or covering materials, pavers, and the like, deposited or laid upon the ground, a prepared base, or other substrates.
Such restraint and retention arrangements are described in the prior art. For example, U.S. Patent No. 5,240,303 provides a structure for holding paving blocks, which structure is secured by driving nails through it into the ground. U.S. Patent No. 7,774,993 provides an elongated landscape-retaining or edging strip that is held in place by spikes, driven into the ground, for retention and/or separation of beds of earth of other landscaping fill (i.e., gravel, rock, bark, dirt, sand, mulch) or the retention and maintenance of paving materials (i.e., bricks, paving stones, rock gravel, etc.).
As is emphasized in both of the above-identified patents, the natural freezing and thawing cycle of the ground (and other permeable outdoor substrates), as well as vehicular and pedestrian traffic, causes movement of deposited landscaping and paving materials. Also recognized therein it the tendency of nails and spikes used for securing edging members to come loose and pull up out of the ground. Lateral displacement of the ground-engaging fasteners, for which there is a particular tendency with packed clear or open stone substrates, does not appear to have been recognized or addressed, BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
Accordingly, it is the broad object of the present invention to provide a novel edging member, system, and arrangement for retaining or restraining installations of landscaping, covering, paving materials, and the like.
A more specific object of the invention is to provide such a system and arrangement comprised of one or a plurality of edging members, respectively, and a multiplicity of substrate-engaging holding or fastening members for securernent of the edging member or members against both vertical and lateral displacement.
Further objects of the invention are to provide such a system and arrangement which are relatively facile to install and highly effective for their intended use.
It has now been found that certain of the foregoing and related objects of the invention are attained by the provision of an edging system for use in an arrangement for retaining or restraining a landscaping, covering, or paving material against upward and lateral displacement. Objects of the invention are also attained by the provision of an edging member, of which the edging system is comprised, and by the provision of an arrangement comprised of a plurality of the edging systems described.
More particularly, the edging system of the invention includes an elongate edging member comprised of a generally planar base wall having opposite longitudinal edges, and a lateral wall that extends upwardly along one of the lateral edges of the base wall along
The base wall of the edging member has a plurality of bore-defining structures defining a multiplicity of angularly oriented bores through the base wall at spaced locations along the length of the edging member. The bores have effective axes that lie substantially in at least one plane that is perpendicular to the plane of the base wall and between the lateral edges thereof, and at an acute angle to the plane of the base wall, the acute angle of the axes of a first plurality of the bores being taken in a first arcuate direction relative to the plane of the base wall and the acute angle of the axes of a second plurality of the bores being taken in a second arcuate direction, opposite to the first arcuate direction, relative to the plane of the base wall. The acute angle of the bore axes will normally have a value of about 45 to 75 , and most desirably the value will be about 600 .
In preferred embodiments, the base wall of the edging member has a plurality of generally V-shaped or generally U-shaped apertures therethrough, at spaced locations along the length of the member. The V-shaped apertures will usually be comprised of two rectilinear slots that converge to or toward a vertex; and will usually be oriented with their vertices proximate one of the lateral edges of the base wall. The U-shaped apertures will usually be comprised of two rectilinear slots that are parallel to one another and are joined, at one end, by a semicircular slot element, and comparably oriented in the base wall.
A first plurality of the holding members will comprise spikes that are dimensioned and configured for being driven individually through the bores of the bore-defining structures into the substrate underlying the edging member, and to engage the bore-defining structures for cooperatively securing the edging member in place upon the substrate.
The edging member will normally be of right angular cross section, and the lateral wall will normally be generally planar. The effective axes of the first plurality of the bores will preferably lie substantially on a first plane that is perpendicular to the plane of the base wall and between the lateral edges thereof, with the effective axes of the second plurality of bores lying substantially on a second plane, offset laterally from the first plane, that is also perpendicular to the plane of the base wall and between the lateral edges thereof.
The slot elements of the generally V-shaped apertures will usually be disposed at an internal angle of about 450 to 135 , and preferably 90 to one another, and vertices of the V-shaped apertures (or at least some of them) will most desirably lie proximate the lateral wall of the edging member.
The stakes employed in the system of the invention are constructed for being driven lengthwise through correspondingly generally V-shaped or generally U-shaped apertures in the base wall of the edging member. Each of the preferred generally V-shaped stakes has a top, a bottorn, and opposite lateral edges extending substantially along its entire length, and will desirably comprise two generally planar panels joined to one another along a common rectilinear longitudinal axis, the panels being disposed with an internal angle that is substantially the same as the angle between slot elements of the V-shaped apertures through the base wall of the edging member. Each panel provides one of the opposite lateral edges
More particularly, each panel comprising a generally V-shaped stake will most desirably have a flange portion at the top, spaced from the longitudinal axis, with the flange portions extending inwardly of the stake and being disposed substantially ma common plane that is generally perpendicular to the planes of the panels. Also, the panels will desirably cooperatively form a tang portion at the top of the stake, on the longitudinal axis, extending upwardly beyond the flange portions.
The stakes constructed for being driven through the U-shaped apertures will also preferably be comprised of generally planar panels, which will however be substantially parallel to one another. U-shaped stakes will desirably have flange and tang portions, similar to those present on the V-shapedl stakes.
In the system of the invention, the edging member has first and second opposite end portions, the first opposite end portion preferably having first coupling means thereon and the second opposite end portion preferably having second coupling means thereon that is structurally complimentary to the first coupling means. The first coupling means is constructed to mate with and secure second coupling means on a separate, endwise-arranged edging member of like construction, and the second coupling means is constructed, correspondingly, to mate with and be secured by a first coupling means on a separate, endwise-arranged edging member of like construction_ Thus, the edging member of the system can be assembled with and secured to a separate, like edging member in an endwise relationship The coupling means on one of the end portions of the edging member will advantageously comprise the bore-defining structure described. Particularly when the edging member is fabricated from a synthetic resinous material, the coupling means on the other end portion will preferably comprise a socket that is constructed to engage the bore-defining structure of an assembled separate edging member, desirably in a snap-fit relationship.
Alternatively, and particularly when the edging member is fabricated from a metal and the bore-defining structures comprise areas or tabs upwardly deformed from the base wall, the system may additionally include a coupling piece constructed to engage separately the bore-defining structure on each of the opposite end portions of the edging member. The coupling piece can thereby secure the edging member to a separate, endwise-arranged edging member of like construction.
The arrangement of the invention comprises a plurality of the elongate edging members described, arranged and secured in endwise relationship to one another, utilizing the coupling and holding means and members, also described.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE SEVERAL VIEWS OF THE DRAWINGS
Figure 1 is a fragmentary elevational view of an edging member comprising a first embodiment of the present invention, drawn to a very small scale.
Figure 2 is a fragmentary orthographic view, drawn to an enlarged scale, of opposite end portions or two of the edging members of Figure 1 in the process of being joined endwise to one another.
Figure 3 is an orthographic view of an arrangement of two edging systems embodying the invention, joined end-to-end and secured to a substrate by stakes and spikes and fastened to one another by one of the spikes, each system being comprised an edging member illustrated in Figures 1 and 2.
Figure 4 is a fragmentary view, in partial section taken along line 4-4 in Figure 3, and drawn to a further enlarged scale, showing a secured connection between the edging members depicted in Figure 3.
Figure 5 is a sectional view, taken along line 5-5 in Figure 4, showing the structure of the socket in the end portion of one of the edging members in which the received element of the boss structure on the opposite end portion of the other edging member is seated and engaged in a snap-fit relationship.
Figure 6 is an orthographic view of a V-shaped stake suitable for use in a system embodying the present invention.
Figure 7 is a fragmentary orthographic view of two edging members comprising a second embodiment of the present invention, in the process of endwise assembly.
Figure 8 is an orthographic view of a coupling piece in the form of a link, used for endwise joining of the edging members of Figure 7.
Figure 9 is a fragmentary plan view of the edging members depicted in Figure 7, assembled using the coupling piece of Figure 8.
Figure 10 is a fragmentary elevational view of an edging member depicted in Figures 7 and 9, with stakes and spikes positioned for securing the member on a substrate.
Figure 11 is a front elevational view of a U-shaped stake suitable for use in the system and arrangement of the invention Figure 12 is a sectional view of the stake of Figure 11, taken along line 12-12 therein.
Figure 13 is a fragmentary plan view or a short section of an edging member embodying the invention, taken along the length thereof and having a U-shaped aperture therethrough for receiving a U-shaped stake.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Turning now in detail to Figures 1 through 6 of the drawings, an edging member embodying the present invention, generally designated by the numeral 10, is illustrated in Figure 1. Figure 2 shows two edging members 10 being assembled in endwise relationship, and Figure 3 shows the members in such end-to-end assembly; a left end portion of one of the members 10 is joined to a right end portion of the other member 10.
The (normally horizontal, as installed) base wall 14 of each member 10 has longitudinally extending lateral edges 13 and a multiplicity of V-shaped apertures 12 extending therethrough at longitudinally spaced locations; for convenience of illustration only one such aperture 12 is shown in Figure 2 and only three are shown in Figure 3. Each aperture 12 consists of two slot elements 28, disposed at an angle of 90 to one another and joined at a vertex proximate the upstanding (normally vertical) lateral wall 15. As seen in Figure 3, the apertures 12 receive stakes, generally designated by the numeral 16, of corresponding right-angular transverse cross section (thus conforming thereto), which are driven into a substrate S (e.g., a bed of stone, gravel, aggregate or the like or, needless to say, simply the earth) to secure the members 10 against both lateral and vertical displacement, it being appreciated that not all apertures need receive stakes 16.
In addition, each member 10 has a multiplicity of upstanding boss formations, generally designated by the numeral 18, at locations spaced along the length of the base wall 14 and between the lateral edges 13. Each of two generally cylindrical elements 17 of the =
boss formations 18 defines a bore 20 extending therethrough. The bores 20 are laterally offset in the side-by-side boss formation elements 17, and extend with oppositely directed angulnr orientations, preferably of 60 to the plane of the base wall 14; the planes in which the effective axes of the bores extend, designated "A" and "B" in Figure 2, are perpendicular to the plane of the base wall 14 and extend longitudinally between the lateral edges 13 thereof.
A spike 22 is driven into the substrate S through one of the bores 20 of a selected boss formation 18. As noted from Figure 3, the spikes 22 are desirably driven through oppositely directed bores 20 in adjacent (or, if not adjacent, then longitudinally sequential) boss formations, and because the bores in any boss formation are mutually laterally offset the driven spikes do not interfere with one another in the substrate S.
Particularly because of the non-perpendicular orientations of the effective axes of the bores 20 relative to the plane of the bottom wall 14, the spikes 22, received in the bores 20 and engaged with the boss formations 18, provide vertical force components and are therefore especially effective for enhancing the resistance of the members 10 to upward displacement due to forces generated in the substrate (e.g., by freeze-thaw effects).
Coupling structure, generally designated by the numeral 24, is formed at one end of each edging member 10 (i.e., the right end of the left member, as illustrated), and is constructed to receive a generally cylindrical element 17 of the boss formation 18 on the end portion of an endwise-adjacent member 10 (i.e., the left end of the right member, as illustrated) inserted longitudinally thereinto (as indicated by the open arrow). As best seen in Figure 5, a lower portion a the coupling structure 24 has a C-shaped recess 25, dimensioned to engage the inserted element 17 of a terminal boss formation 18 in a snap-fit relationship, to at least preliminarily assemble the members 10 with one another. This feature facilitates laying out of an arrangement of the edging systems, prior to more permanently securing the edging members 10 to the substrate.
As seen in Figure 4, a spike 22 is driven through the hole 27 formed in the slanted upper wall 29 of the coupling structure 24 and through an aligned 60 bore 20 of the underlying, engaged boss element 17. The spike 22 thus serves both to more permanently secure the adjacent members 10 in endwise interengagement and also to cooperate with the stakes 16, and other spikes 22, for holding the edging system against the substrate S. It should be appreciated that, although either spikes or stakes can serve as the holding members in the system of the invention, maximum holding power and resistance to displacement of the edging members will be achieved by the use of holding members of both kinds, acting together. The stakes 16 and spikes 22 will normally be made from steel or aluminum.
An offsetting end portion 26 of the vertical wall 15 of each edging member 10 receives a corresponding plain end portion of the wall 15 of the adjacent member 10. The interfit end portions cause the assembled members 10 to present a substantially continuous outer face of the upstanding walls 15; they also help to maintain the walls 15 against separation due to outward lateral forces that may be generated by pavers, landscaping, etc.
retained or restrained by the edging.
The edging members 10 will desirably be fabricated from a synthetic resinous material (e.g., recycled HDPE) to provide requisite rigidity coupled with sufficient flexibility to enable conformation to bends and contours of a retained mass of landscaping or the like.
It will also be appreciated that elements and areas of the base wall may be severed and removed, as appropriate to facilitate desired bending.
A preferred structure of the V-shaped stake 16 is most filly illustrated in Figure 6.
As can be seen, it is comprised of two generally planar panels 30 joined to one another along a common rectilinear longitudinal axis 32 and disposed with an internal angle corresponding to the angle (e.g., of 900) between the slot elements 28 of the apertures 12 through the base wall 14 of the edging member 10. Each panel 30 provides an opposite lateral edge 34 of the stake 16 extending substantially along its entire length, with the lateral edges 34 converging to form a bottom tip 36 on the common longitudinal axis 32; as can be seen, the stake 16 is substantially symmetrical about that axis.
Each of the panels 30 comprising the stake 16 has a flange portion 38 at the top of the stake, spaced from the longitudinal axis 32. The flange portions 38 extend inwardly and are disposed substantially in ..a common plane that is generally perpendicular to the planes of the panels 30. The panels cooperatively form an axial tang portion 39 at the top of the stake and extending upwardly beyond the flange portions.
Although hand tools may be used, the stakes will advantageously be driven into the substrate by use of a power hammer, with the tang portion of the stake being received in an upwardly extending socket in the hammer head. As will be evident, the flange portions 38 will most effectively receive and transmit to the hammer blows; however, additional force may be delivered if the top end of the tang portion comes into contact with a wall that defines the inner end of a hammer head socket.
Needless to say, the flange portions 38 also serve to reinforce and strengthen the stake panels 30 and, when the stake 16 is driven home, to provide good contact with the areas of the base wall 14 adjacent the structure that defines the V-shaped apertures 12, and thus providing effective hold-down force. It also goes without saying that the large surface areas presented by the panels 30 afford a high level of frictional engagement with the medium of the substrate S into which the stake 10 is driven, thereby optimizing its holding power.
The upstanding lateral walls of the edging member engages the sides of a proximate course of paving blocks, landscaping, covering material, etc., to provide restraint against lateral shifting or spreading movement due to pedestrian and/or vehicular traffic and other effects to which the deposit may be subjected. It should perhaps be emphasized that the depicted orientation of the V-shaped apertures in the base wall, with their vertices proximate the upstanding wall, maximizes the resistance of the stakes to forces generated by outward lateral movement of the material of the substrate, allowing the material to migrate along the outer surfaces of the panels rather than being trapped within the interior of the stake.
However, the reverse orientation, and alternating and varying orientations of a multiplicity of apertures along the length of an edging member, may be employed as desired or appropriate.
Turning now in detail to Figures 7 through 10 of the drawings, therein illustrated is a second form of edging member embodying the present invention. The member, generally designated by the numeral 40, differs essentially from edging member 10 described with reference to Figures 1 through 5 in being particularly suited for fabrication from a metal (e.g., aluminum).
Apart from the simplicity of the plain upstanding lateral wall 42, a primary distinguishing feature of the member 40 resides in the bore-defining structures 44, constituting small arch-like tab elements formed from areas of metal partially severed and upwardly deformed out of the plane of the base wall 46. In a manner that is functionally equivalent to the bore-defining bosses of the member 10, the side-by-side pairs of slightly staggered tab elements 44 effectively define oppositely directed bores for receiving and orienting spikes 22 in a laterally offset, noninterfering relationship to one another. The elements 44 substantially constrain the spikes to the desired effective axis (again, preferably of about 600), albeit the axes may be less precisely defined by the elements 44 than by the bores of the boss formations 18 of the previously described embodiment. And it should be appreciated that, in any event, the bore angles are approximate and the levels of constraint applied to the spikes need not be high.
Another difference in the embodiment of Figure 7 resides in the means used for coupling two members 40 in endwise assembly, which may take the form of the coupling plate, or link, 46 depleted in Figures 8 and 9. The plate 46 is formed with two pairs of laterally offset, generally oval apertures 48, 48', the pairs being displaced slightly from one another in the longitudinal direction. As seen in Figure 9, the plate 46 is, in use, simply engaged with the adjacent end portions of two endwise-disposed edging members 40, with the pair of apertures 48 at one end of the plate receiving the arch-like formations 44 on the end portion of one of the edging members 40 and with the pair of apertures 48' at the opposite end of the plate 46 receiving the arch-like formations 44 on the end portion of the other member 40. The generally V-shaped apertures 12' formed in the base wall 46 of the member 40 receive stakes 16, just as in the edging member 10.
It will be appreciated that the triangular portions defining one side (distal from the wall 42) of the generally V-shaped apertures 12' may be cut away (for example, at the dotted line locations designated in Figure 9) to enable or facilitate bending of the edging member 40, to facilitate conformation to angles and curves defining an edge of a landscaping, paver, etc. installation. The long rectangular openings 50 proximate the upstanding wall 42 (constituting part of the generally V-shaped apertures, and connecting the slots 28') also facilitate bending, and the short strip of material defining the distal lateral edge of the generally square opening 52 may be severed to permit relative movement, as well.
Turning now more particularly to Figures 11 through 13, therein illustrated is a stake of U-shaped cross section, generally designated by the numeral 60, and, in Figure 13, a section of an edging member, generally designated by the numeral 70, formed with a U-shaped aperture. As seen in Figures 11 and 12, the stake 60 is comprised of two planar panels 62, joined by a semi-cylindrical section 64, which effectively defines a longitudinal axis of the stake. A bottom portion of the stake 60 has lateral edges 67 which converge to a tip 68 lying on the axial centerline of the stake, about which the stake is symmetrical, and it has inwardly extending coplanar flange portions 69 and a tang portion 72 comparable to the portions 38 and 39 of the V-shaped stake 16, previously described.
The U-shaped aperture in the base wall 71 of the member 70 is comprised of parallel rectilinear slot elements 74 joined by a semicircular slot element 76.
Obviously, the U-shaped aperture is dimensioned and configured to receive the stake 60 driven through it, to secure the edging member against a substrate. Other features hereinabove described with respect to the edging members 10 and 40 may be incorporated into and comprise the edging member 70, as will be evident to those skilled in the art, and it will be appreciated that U-shaped stakes and apertures will function comparably to those of V-shaped construction and configuration.
Many variations may be of course made in and to the edging members, system, and arrangement described herein without departure from the scope of the appended claims.
Details of the form and construction of the components may vary in ways that will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art. Albeit the edging members will typically be provided in eight-foot lengths, and with a 2-1/2 inch wide base wall and .a 1-3/4 inch high lateral wall, the members may be of substantially different dimensions. Spikes and stakes will typically be about 8 to 12 inches long, and the panels comprising an stake will typically be about two inches wide, but the holding members may of course have any dimensions that are deemed appropriate for a given application. As has been indicated, the slots forming V-shaped apertures will usually be connected to one another at a vertex (defined or projected), but if material is present between the ends of adjacent slots the force of a driven stake may serve to penetrate the material (indeed, the same technique may be used if slots do not extend entirely through the thickness of the base wall, as they may not). While the illustrated embodiments describe and depict the stakes as being comprised of planar walls and semi-cylindrical sections, and the apertures in the base wall as being comprised of rectilinear and circular slots and sections, it should be appreciated that some curvature and other deviations (e.g., from true parallelism) may be present in these features Hie generally V-shaped and generally U-shaped stakes and apertures recited in the appended claims. The coupling means used for endwise joining the edging members may also take forms other than those described.
Thus, it can be seen that the present invention provides a novel edging member, system, and arrangement for retaining or restraining installations of landscaping, covering, paving materials, and the like. The system and arrangement are comprised of one or a plurality of edging members, respectively, and a multiplicity of substrate-engaging holding members for securement of the edging member or members against both vertical and lateral displacement. The edging system and arrangement are relatively facile to install, and highly effective for their intended use.
Claims (20)
Having thus described the invention, what is CLAIMED is:
to one another and that converge toward a vertex, and wherein said stakes comprise panels that are disposed with an internal angle that is substantially the same as the angle between said slot elements of said generally V-shaped apertures through said base wall of said edging member.
Applications Claiming Priority (6)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US29/632,005 USD864678S1 (en) | 2018-01-04 | 2018-01-04 | Stake |
US29/632,005 | 2018-01-05 | ||
US15/965,133 | 2018-04-27 | ||
US15/965,133 US10398093B2 (en) | 2018-01-04 | 2018-04-27 | Stake securing a landscaping edging strip |
US201862763598P | 2018-06-22 | 2018-06-22 | |
US62/763,598 | 2018-06-22 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CA3027664A1 true CA3027664A1 (en) | 2019-07-05 |
CA3027664C CA3027664C (en) | 2024-05-21 |
Family
ID=67142664
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CA3027664A Active CA3027664C (en) | 2018-01-04 | 2018-12-17 | Edging member, system, and arrangement |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
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CA (1) | CA3027664C (en) |
-
2018
- 2018-12-17 CA CA3027664A patent/CA3027664C/en active Active
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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CA3027664C (en) | 2024-05-21 |
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